Profusa, Inc. 10-Q

Item 1. Financial Statements. PROFUSA, INC. (F/K/A NORTHVIEW ACQUISITION CORPORATION) CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS June 30, 2025 (Unaudited) December 31, 2024 Assets Current Assets: Cash $ — $ 16,204 Restricted cash 1,751 — Cash held in Trust Account 661,012 — Prepaid expenses and other current assets — 14,166 Prepaid income taxes 9,504 30,492 Prepaid franchise tax 15,600 — Total Current Assets 687,867 60,862 Cash held in Trust Account 1,274,549 8,330,835 Total Assets $ 1,962,416 $ 8,391,697 Liabilities, Redeemable Common Stock and Stockholders’ Deficit Current Liabilities: Accounts payable and accrued expenses $ 1,744,538 $ 684,483 Advance from Profusa 1,299,040 791,407 Excise tax payable 1,952,662 1,880,944 Convertible promissory note – related party 10,288,111 8,908,052 Securities purchase agreement 193,878 — Due to redeeming stockholders 661,012 — Due to related party 41,180 50,000 Total Current Liabilities 16,180,421 12,314,886 Warrant liabilities 6,961,700 696,170 Total Liabilities 23,142,121 13,011,056 Commitments and Contingencies (Note 6) Common stock subject to possible redemption, 101,777 and 687,519 shares at redemption value of approximately $ 13.07 and $ 12.13 at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively 1,330,515 8,337,388 Stockholders’ Deficit: Preferred stock, $ 0.0001 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding — — Common stock, $ 0.0001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; 5,193,750 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 (excluding 101,777 and 687,519 shares subject to possible redemption at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively) 519 519 Accumulated deficit ( 22,510,739 ) ( 12,957,266 ) Total Stockholders’ Deficit ( 22,510,220 ) ( 12,956,747 ) Total Liabilities, Redeemable Common Stock and Stockholders’ Deficit $ 1,962,416 $ 8,391,697 The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. 1 PROFUSA, INC. (F/K/A NORTHVIEW ACQUISITION CORPORATION) UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS For the Three Months Ended June 30, For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 2024 2025 2024 Formation and operating costs $ 967,084 $ 253,130 $ 1,550,665 $ 723,971 Loss from operations ( 967,084 ) ( 253,130 ) ( 1,550,665 ) ( 723,971 ) Other (expense) income: Interest income earned on cash held in Trust Account 15,159 108,520 95,084 225,184 Change in fair value of convertible promissory note ( 1,154,729 ) 66,021 ( 1,380,059 ) 126,098 Change in fair value of securities purchase agreement ( 170,391 ) — ( 193,878 ) — Change in fair value of warrant liabilities ( 5,917,445 ) ( 295,872 ) ( 6,265,530 ) ( 800,595 ) Total other expense, net ( 7,227,406 ) ( 121,331 ) ( 7,744,383 ) ( 449,313 ) Loss before provision for income tax ( 8,194,490 ) ( 374,461 ) ( 9,295,048 ) ( 1,173,284 ) Income tax provision ( 2,386 ) ( 23,026 ) ( 21,738 ) ( 44,480 ) Net loss $ ( 8,196,876 ) $ ( 397,487 ) $ ( 9,316,786 ) $ ( 1,217,764 ) Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding, common stock subject to possible redemption 146,440 738,075 412,717 783,151 Basic and diluted net loss per share, common stock subject to possible redemption $ ( 1.53 ) $ ( 0.07 ) $ ( 1.66 ) $ ( 0.20 ) Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding, common stock 5,193,750 5,193,750 5,193,750 5,193,750 Basic and diluted net loss per share, common stock $ ( 1.53 ) $ ( 0.07 ) $ ( 1.66 ) $ ( 0.20 ) The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. 2 PROFUSA, INC. (F/K/A NORTHVIEW ACQUISITION CORPORATION) UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2025 Common stock Additional Paid-In Accumulated Total Stockholders’ Shares Amount Capital Deficit Deficit Balance as of December 31, 2024 5,193,750 $ 519 $ — $ ( 12,957,266 ) $ ( 12,956,747 ) Accretion of common stock to redemption value — — — ( 155,999 ) ( 155,999 ) Excise tax payable attributable to redemption of common stock — — — ( 65,108 ) ( 65,108 ) Net loss — — — ( 1,119,910 ) ( 1,119,910 ) Balance as of March 31, 2025 (unaudited) 5,193,750 519 — ( 14,298,283 ) ( 14,297,764 ) Accretion of common stock to redemption value — — — ( 8,970 ) ( 8,970 ) Excise tax payable attributable to redemption of common stock — — — ( 6,610 ) ( 6,610 ) Net loss — — — ( 8,196,876 ) ( 8,196,876 ) Balance as of June 30, 2025 (unaudited) 5,193,750 $ 519 $ — $ ( 22,510,739 ) $ ( 22,510,220 ) FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2024 Common stock Additional Paid-In Accumulated Total Stockholders’ Shares Amount Capital Deficit Deficit Balance as of December 31, 2023 5,193,750 $ 519 $ — $ ( 3,459,829 ) $ ( 3,459,310 ) Accretion of common stock to redemption value — — — ( 205,732 ) ( 205,732 ) Excise tax payable attributable to redemption of common stock — — — ( 10,884 ) ( 10,884 ) Net loss — — — ( 820,277 ) ( 820,277 ) Balance as of March 31, 2024 (unaudited) 5,193,750 519 — ( 4,496,722 ) ( 4,496,203 ) Accretion of common stock to redemption value — — — ( 181,330 ) ( 181,330 ) Net loss — — — ( 397,487 ) ( 397,487 ) Balance as of June 30, 2024 (unaudited) 5,193,750 $ 519 $ — $ ( 5,075,539 ) $ ( 5,075,020 ) The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. 3 PROFUSA, INC. (F/K/A NORTHVIEW ACQUISITION CORPORATION) UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 2024 Cash flows from operating activities: Net loss $ ( 9,316,786 ) $ ( 1,217,764 ) Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: Interest income on cash held in Trust Account ( 95,084 ) ( 225,184 ) Change in fair value of warrant liabilities 6,265,530 800,595 Changes in fair value of convertible promissory note 1,380,059 ( 126,098 ) Changes in fair value of securities purchase agreement 193,878 — Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Prepaid expenses and other current assets 14,166 ( 33,750 ) Accounts payable and accrued expenses 1,060,055 255,717 Income tax payable — ( 49,061 ) Prepaid income taxes 20,988 ( 66,525 ) Prepaid franchise taxes ( 15,600 ) — Due to related party ( 8,820 ) — Deferred tax liability — ( 13,661 ) Net cash used in operating activities ( 501,614 ) ( 675,731 ) Cash flows from investing activities: Payment of extension fee into Trust Account ( 99,285 ) ( 235,733 ) Cash withdrawn from Trust Account in connection with redemption 6,510,830 2,653,439 Reimbursement of franchise and income taxes from Trust Account 78,813 204,460 Net cash provided by investing activities 6,490,358 2,622,166 Cash flows from financing activities: Proceeds from convertible promissory note — 708,981 Advance from Profusa 507,633 — Redemption of common stock ( 6,510,830 ) ( 2,653,439 ) Net cash used in financing activities ( 6,003,197 ) ( 1,944,458 ) Net change in cash ( 14,453 ) 1,977 Cash, beginning of the period 16,204 4,519 Cash, end of the period $ 1,751 $ 6,496 Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: Income taxes paid $ 750 $ 173,727 Excise tax payable attributable to redemption of common stock $ 71,718 $ 10,884 Accretion of common stock to redemption value $ 164,969 $ 387,062 Redemption payments due to redeeming stockholders $ 661,012 $ — Reconciliation of Cash and Restricted Cash: Cash, beginning of the period 16,204 4,519 Restricted cash – beginning of the period — — Cash and Restricted Cash, Beginning of the period $ 16,204 $ 4,519 Reconciliation of Cash and Restricted Cash: Cash, end of the period — 6,496 Restricted cash – end of the period 1,751 — Cash and Restricted Cash, End of the period $ 1,751 $ 6,496 The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. 4 PROFUSA, INC. (F/K/A NORTHVIEW ACQUISITION CORPORATION) NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Note 1 – Description of Organization and Business Operations NorthView Acquisition Corporation (now known as Profusa, Inc.) (the “Company” or “Northview”) was a blank check company incorporated in Delaware on April 19, 2021. The Company was formed for the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses (“Business Combination”). The Company had a wholly-owned subsidiary, NV Profusa Merger Sub Inc. (“Merger Sub”), a Delaware corporation incorporated on October 13, 2022, which was formed solely in contemplation of the Merger with Profusa (See below). In connection with the Merger, which was consummated on July 11, 2025, Merger Sub is no longer in existence. Business Combination On November 7, 2022, the Company, Profusa, Inc., a California corporation (“Profusa”) and Merger Sub entered into a Merger Agreement and Plan of Reorganization (as the same has been amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Merger Agreement”). On June 5, 2025 (the “Redemption Date”), the Company received requests to redeem a total of 52,784 Public Shares (as defined below), representing 32.4 % of the total Public Shares of the Company outstanding prior to the Redemption Date. Following the redemption, 5,295,527 Public Shares were outstanding. At the special meeting of the stockholders held on June 9, 2025 (the “Special Meeting”), the Company’s stockholders voted to approve the proposals outlined in the final prospectus and definitive proxy statement filed by the Company with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on May 15, 2025 (the “Proxy Statement/Prospectus”), including, among other things, the adoption of the Merger Agreement and approval of the transactions contemplated thereby, including the merger of Merger Sub with and into Profusa, with Profusa continuing as the surviving corporation and as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (the “Merger”), and the issuance of the Company’s common stock as consideration thereunder (together with the other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, the “Business Combination”). On July 11, 2025 (the “Closing Date”), the Company closed the Business Combination with Profusa. As a result of the Business Combination, the Company owns 100 % of the outstanding common stock of Profusa. In connection with the closing of the Business Combination, the Company changed its name from “NorthView Acquisition Corporation” to “Profusa, Inc.” Business Prior to the Business Combination On December 22, 2021, the Company consummated its Initial Public Offering (“IPO”) of 18,975,000 units (the “Units”), which included 2,475,000 Units issued pursuant to the full exercise of the over-allotment option granted to the underwriters. Each Unit consists of one share of common stock of the Company, par value $ 0.0001 per share, one right (the “Rights”), and one-half of one redeemable warrant of the Company (the “Warrants”). Each Right entitles the holder thereof to receive one-tenth (1/10) of one share of common stock. Each Warrant entitles the holder thereof to purchase one share of common stock for $ 11.50 per share, subject to adjustment. The Units were sold at a price of $ 10.00 per Unit, generating gross proceeds to the Company of $ 189,750,000 . Simultaneously with the closing of the IPO, the Company completed the private sale of an aggregate of 7,347,500 warrants (the “Private Placement Warrants”), which included 697,500 Private Placement Warrants issued pursuant to the full exercise of the over-allotment option granted to the underwriters, to NorthView Sponsor I, LLC (“the Sponsor”), I-Bankers Securities, Inc., and Dawson James Securities, Inc. at a purchase price of $ 1.00 per Private Placement Warrant, generating gross proceeds to the Company of $ 7,347,500 , which is discussed in Note 4. Transaction costs in connection with the IPO amounted to $ 7,959,726 , consisting of $ 3,450,000 of underwriting discount, $ 3,570,576 of Representative’s Shares cost, $ 259,527 of Representative’s Warrants cost and $ 679,623 of other offering costs. Following the closing of the IPO on December 22, 2021, an amount of $ 191,647,500 ($ 10.10 per Unit), excluding $ 741,228 that was wired to the Company’s operating bank account on December 31, 2021 for working capital purposes, from the net proceeds of the sale of the public units in the IPO and the sale of the Private Placement Warrants was placed in a Trust Account (“Trust Account”) and invested in United States government treasury bills with a maturity of 185 days or less or in money market funds investing solely in United States Treasuries and meeting certain conditions under Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act as determined by the Company. Except with respect to interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account that may be released to the Company to pay its taxes, if any, the proceeds from the IPO will not be released from the Trust Account until the earliest of (i) the completion of the Company’s initial Business Combination, (ii) the redemption of any public shares properly tendered in connection with a stockholder vote to amend the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation (A) to modify the substance or timing of the Company’s obligation to redeem 100 % of the public shares if the Company does not complete the initial Business Combination within the extended period (or any additional extension from the closing of our IPO if we extend the period of time to consummate a business combination) (the “Combination Period”), or (B) with respect to any other provision relating to stockholders’ rights or pre-Business Combination activity, and (iii) the redemption of all of the Company’s public shares if the Company is unable to complete the Business Combination within the Combination Period, subject to applicable law. The proceeds deposited in the Trust Account could become subject to the claims of the Company’s creditors, if any, which could have priority over the claims of the Company’s public stockholders. 5 The Company provided its public stockholders with the opportunity to redeem all or a portion of their public shares upon the completion of the initial Business Combination in connection with a stockholder meeting called to approve the initial Business Combination. The decision as to whether the Company will seek stockholder approval of a proposed initial Business Combination or conduct a tender offer was made by the Company, solely in its discretion. The stockholders were entitled to redeem all or a portion of their public shares upon the completion of the initial Business Combination at a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the Trust Account as of two business days prior to the consummation of the initial Business Combination, including interest (which interest shall be net of taxes payable) divided by the number of then outstanding public shares, subject to the limitations described herein. The per share amount the Company distributed to investors who properly redeemed their shares was not reduced by the fee payable to I-Bankers and Dawson James pursuant to the Business Combination Marketing Agreement (see Note 6). On March 10, 2023, the Company held a vote to amend its amended and restated certificate of incorporation to extend the date by which the Company must consummate a Business Combination from March 22, 2023 to December 22, 2023 (the “First Extension Meeting”). On December 21, 2023, the Company held a special meeting of stockholders to vote on extending the Combination Period. As a result, the Company extended the Combination Period from December 22, 2023 to March 22, 2024. In connection with the extension, 140,663 shares of the Company’s common stock were redeemed, with 6,027,219 shares of Common Stock remaining outstanding after the Redemption; 833,469 shares of Common Stock remaining outstanding after the Redemption are shares issued in connection with our IPO (the “Public Shares”). In January 2024, $ 1,565,078 was paid from the Trust Account to redeeming stockholders in connection with the extension. On January 2, 2024, the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company (“CST”) entered into Amendment No. 1 to Investment Management Trust Agreement, dated December 20, 2021, by and between the Company and CST, to allow CST, upon written instruction of the Company, to (i) hold the funds in the Company’s trust account uninvested or (ii) hold the funds in an interest-bearing bank demand deposit account. On January 10, 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors approved, and the Company amended, its Convertible Working Capital Promissory Note (the “Note”) with the sponsor to increase the principal amount of the Note that could be drawn on to $ 1.5 million. The amended and restated Note also allows for the conversion of the outstanding principal balance of the Note to be repaid in shares of Company common stock at a price of $ 2.22 per share at the election of the sponsor. On May 31, 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors approved and the Company entered into a second amendment of its Convertible Working Capital Promissory Note with the sponsor to increase the principal amount of the Note that could be drawn on to $ 2.5 million. The second amended and restated Note also allows for the conversion of the outstanding principal balance of the Note to be repaid in shares of Company common stock at a price of $ 2.22 per share at the election of the sponsor. On March 21, 2024, the Company held its 2024 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Meeting”). At the meeting, the Company’s stockholders approved the amendment of the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation to extend the date by which the Company must consummate a business combination or, if it fails to do so, cease its operations and redeem or repurchase 100 % of the shares of the Company’s common stock issued in the Company’s initial public offering, from March 22, 2024, monthly for up to six additional months at the election of the Company and only upon contribution of $ 0.05 per month per outstanding public share, ultimately until September 22, 2024. In connection with the meeting, the holders of 95,394 Public Shares properly exercised their right to redeem, with 5,931,825 shares of Common Stock remaining outstanding after the Redemption; 738,075 shares of Common Stock remaining outstanding after the Redemption are Public Shares. Consequently, the contribution was $ 36,904 per month needed for the Company to continue to extend the Combination Period monthly. On May 8, 2024 and May 31, 2024, the Company made two deposits of $ 36,904 each for April and May extension contributions. On September 10, 2024, the Company made a deposit of $ 112,114 , of which $ 110,714 was for June, July and August extension contributions and $ 1,400 for lost interest due to late trust payments. 6 On September 19, 2024, the Company held a special meeting of stockholders (the “Meeting”). At the Meeting, the Company’s stockholders approved an amendment to the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation to extend the date by which the Company must consummate its initial Business Combination to March 22, 2025. In connection with the approval of the extension amendment, holders of 50,556 shares of the Company’s common stock exercised their right to redeem, with 5,881,269 shares of common stock remaining outstanding after the redemption; 687,519 shares of common stock remaining outstanding after the redemption are Public Shares. Consequently, the contribution is $ 34,376 per month needed for the Company to continue to extend the Combination Period monthly. On December 13, 2024, the Company made a deposit of $ 68,752 for the October and November extension contributions and on December 23, 2024, the Company made a deposit of 34,376 for the December extension contribution. In October 2024, $ 595,439 was paid from the trust account to redeeming stockholders in connection with the extension. On February 27, 2025, the Company made a deposit of $ 49,376 for the January extension contribution and a portion ($ 15,000 ) of the February extension contribution. On March 7, 2025, the Company deposited the remainder of the February extension contribution of $ 19,376 , plus interest. On March 18, 2025, the Company commenced a special meeting of stockholders, which was adjourned until March 21, 2025 without conducting any business. On March 21, 2025, the Company reconvened the meeting and the stockholders approved the extension of the business combination period until June 22, 2025. In connection with the approval of the extension amendment, holders of 532,958 shares of the Company’s common stock exercised their right to redeem, for an aggregate redemption amount of approximately $ 6.5 million, with 5,348,311 shares of common stock remaining outstanding after the redemption; 154,561 shares of common stock remaining outstanding after the redemption are Public Shares. As a condition of the extension, the Company contributed $ 30,000 to the Trust Account, for the entire extension period, on March 21, 2025. Additionally, the stockholders at the meeting approved the amendment of the Company’s charter to remove the requirement that prevented the Company from redeeming public shares to the extent that it would cause the Company’s net tangible assets to be less than $ 5,000,001 (the “NTA Requirement”), and our charter was amended on March 21, 2025 to reflect the extension of the business combination and the removal of the NTA Requirement. On April 2, 2025, the parties to the Merger Agreement entered into an Amendment No. 5 to the Merger Agreement (“Amendment No. 5”) pursuant to which Section 9.01 of the Merger Agreement was amended such that the reference to “March 22, 2025” shall be replaced with “June 22, 2025” by which the Company must consummate a Business Combination. On May 8, 2025, the Company entered into a non-redemption agreement (the “Non-Redemption Agreement”) with I-Bankers Securities, Inc. and Dawson James Securities, Inc. (together, the “Investors”), pursuant to which such Investors agreed that to the extent that redemptions in connection with the vote to approve the Business Combination reduces the Company’s trust account balance below $1.25 million, the Investors would offer such redeeming shareholders an opportunity to rescind the redemption of their shares and would instead purchase such shares. Such purchases would be structured in compliance with the requirements of Rule 14e-5 under the Exchange Act or would otherwise not constitute a tender offer pursuant to the Exchange Act. As of the Closing Date, the Company’s trust account balance was not below $ 1.25 million. On June 9, 2025, the Company held a special meeting of stockholders. At the meeting, the Company’s stockholders approved the Merger Agreement and the actions and transactions contemplated thereby, including (i) adopt an amended and restated Certificate of Incorporation, to be effective upon closing of the Merger, (ii) approving certain advisory proposals related to the amended and restated Certificate of Incorporation, (iii) approved the issuance of new shares of the Company’s Common Stock as merger consideration, (iv) elected new directors, and (v) approved new employee incentive plans. In connection with the meeting, the holders of 52,784 Public Shares properly exercised their right to redeem, with 5,295,527 shares of Common Stock remaining outstanding after such redemptions. On July 1, 2025, the Company filed an amendment to its Certificate of Incorporation (the “Amendment”) to extend the date by which the Company must consummate a business combination or, if it fails to do so, cease its operations and redeem or repurchase 100 % of the shares of the Company’s common stock issued in the Company’s initial public offering, from June 22, 2025 to August 22, 2025. Previously, on June 27, 2025, the Company had filed a copy of the Amendment with a date that mistakenly referenced “July 22, 2025” rather than “August 22, 2025,” however such filing was corrected in connection with the filing of the Amendment on July 1, 2025. The Company’s stockholders approved the Amendment by a supermajority of at least 65 % via written consent on June 27, 2025. The Company agreed to waive its right to withdraw up to $ 100,000 of interest from the Company’s trust account to pay dissolution expenses, should the Company ultimately liquidate prior to a business combination (the “Dissolution Expense Waiver”). As a result, the Company was no longer able to withdraw up to $ 100,000 of interest for such dissolution expenses upon liquidation, and such interest will be held in the trust account and not be released until the earliest to occur of (i) the completion of the initial business combination, (ii) the redemption of 100 % of the Offering Shares (as defined below) if the Company is unable to complete its initial Business Combination within the Extension, and (iii) the redemption of Public Shares in connection with a vote seeking to amend the provisions of our Charter. 7 The Company also agreed to waive its right to withdraw interest from the Company’s trust account to pay the Company’s tax expenses (the “Tax Expense Waiver”). As a result, the Company was no longer able to withdraw interest in order to pay future tax expenses, and such interest will be held in the trust account and not be released until the earliest to occur of (i) the completion of the initial business combination, (ii) the redemption of 100 % of the Offering Shares (as defined below) if the Company is unable to complete its initial Business Combination within the Extension, and (iii) the redemption of Public Shares in connection with a vote seeking to amend the provisions of our Charter. Prior to such announcement, and subsequent to the record date of February 21, 2025, for the Special Meeting, the Company withdrew approximately $ 23,200 of interest from the trust account for tax expenses. All of the Public Shares contain a redemption feature which allows for the redemption of such Public Shares in connection with our liquidation, if there is a stockholder vote or tender offer in connection with our initial business combination and in connection with certain amendments to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation. In accordance with SEC and its guidance on redeemable equity instruments, which has been codified in ASC 480-10-S99, redemption provisions not solely within the control of a company require common stock subject to redemption to be classified outside of permanent equity. Given that the Public Shares were issued with other freestanding instruments (i.e., public warrants), the initial carrying value of common stock classified as temporary equity was the allocated proceeds determined in accordance with ASC 470-20. The common stock is subject to ASC 480-10-S99. If it is probable that the equity instrument will become redeemable, the Company has the option to either (i) accrete changes in the redemption value over the period from the date of issuance (or from the date that it becomes probable that the instrument will become redeemable, if later) to the earliest redemption date of the instrument or (ii) recognize changes in the redemption value immediately as they occur and adjust the carrying amount of the instrument to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. The Company has elected to recognize the changes immediately. The Sponsor, officers and directors have agreed to (i) waive their redemption rights with respect to their Founder Shares and public shares in connection with the completion of the initial Business Combination, (ii) waive their rights to liquidating distributions from the Trust Account with respect to their Founder Shares if the Company fails to complete the initial Business Combination within the Combination Period (although they will be entitled to liquidating distributions from the Trust Account with respect to any public shares they hold if the Company fails to complete the Business Combination within such time period); and (iii) vote their Founder Shares and any public shares purchased during or after the IPO in favor of the initial Business Combination. The Company’s Sponsor has agreed that it will be liable to the Company if and to the extent any claims by a vendor for services rendered or products sold to the Company, or a prospective target business with which the Company has discussed entering into a transaction agreement, reduce the amount of funds in the Trust Account to below (i) $ 10.10 per public share or (ii) such lesser amount per public share held in the Trust Account as of the date of the liquidation of the Trust Account due to reductions in value of the trust assets, in each case net of the amount of interest which may be released to the Company to pay taxes, except as to any claims by a third party who executed a waiver of any and all rights to seek access to the Trust Account and except as to any claims under indemnity of the underwriters of the IPO against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. Moreover, in the event that an executed waiver is deemed to be unenforceable against a third party, the Sponsor will not be responsible to the extent of any liability for such third-party claims. Nasdaq Delisting Notification On December 20, 2024, the Company received a written notice from the Nasdaq Listing Qualifications Department of The Nasdaq Stock Market that the Company’s securities would be delisted from The Nasdaq Stock Market by reason of the failure of the Company to complete its initial business combination by December 20, 2024 (36 months from the effectiveness of its IPO registration statement) as required by Listing Rule IM-5101-2. Accordingly, trading in the Company’s Common Stock, Rights and Warrants was suspended at the opening of business on December 27, 2024 and a Form 25-NSE was filed by Nasdaq with the Securities and Exchange Commission, which removed the Company’s securities from on the Nasdaq Stock Market. The Company’s Common Stock, Rights and Warrants began to be quoted on the Pink Markets operated on The OTC Market systems (“OTC Market”) under the symbols “NVAC,” “NVACR” and “NVACW.” Use of Funds Restricted for Payment of Taxes From inception to date, the Company has withdrawn a total of $ 1,484,219 of interest from the Trust Account of which $ 1,453,297 was paid for franchise and income taxes. Of the aggregate withdrawals, $ 30,922 was restricted for the payment of the Company’s income taxes. The Company utilized $ 29,171 of these withdrawals towards funding operating expenses, as well as the monthly extension deposits. As of June 30, 2025, the Company has restricted cash of $ 1,751 . The Company intends to deposit $ 29,171 back into the Trust Account or use the $ 29,171 (or a portion thereof) for tax obligations until a deposit is made into the trust on a future date. 8 Liquidity and Going Concern As of June 30, 2025, the Company had $ 1,751 in restricted cash and a working capital deficit of $ 15,492,554 . Prior to the completion of the Company’s IPO, the Company’s liquidity needs had been satisfied through a capital contribution from the Sponsor of $ 25,000 for the founder shares to cover certain of the offering costs and the loan under an unsecured promissory note from the Sponsor of $ 204,841 , which was fully paid upon the IPO. Subsequent to the consummation of the Initial Public Offering and Private Placement, the Company’s liquidity needs have been satisfied through the proceeds from the consummation of the Private Placement not held in the Trust Account, and the drawdowns on the convertible promissory note. In order to finance transaction costs in connection with an intended Business Combination, the initial stockholders or an affiliate of the initial stockholders or certain of the Company’s officers and directors may, but are not obligated to, provide the Company Working Capital Loans (see Note 5). On April 27, 2023, the Company signed a Convertible Working Capital Promissory Note (“the Note”) with the Sponsor for $ 1,200,000 . The Note is non-interest bearing and is due the earlier of the consummation of a business combination or the date of liquidation. The Sponsor may elect to convert all or any portion of the unpaid principal balance of this Note into warrants, at a price of $ 1.00 per warrant. On January 10, 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors approved, and the Company amended the Note to increase the principal amount of the Note that could be drawn on to $ 1.5 million. The amended and restated Note also allows for the conversion of the outstanding principal balance of the Note to be repaid in shares of Company common stock at a price of $ 2.22 per share at the election of the sponsor. On May 31, 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors approved, and the Company second amended its Note to increase the principal amount of the Note that could be drawn on to $ 2.5 million. The second amended and restated Note also allows for the conversion of the outstanding principal balance of the Note to be repaid in shares of Company common stock at a price of $ 2.22 per share at the election of the sponsor. The Company had principal outstanding of $ 1,919,796 and is presenting the Note at fair value on its balance sheet at June 30, 2025 in the amount of $ 10,288,111 . As of June 30, 2025, no amounts were repaid against the loan. The Company incurred significant costs in pursuit of its Business Combination. As part of the closing, the Company had cash inflows of $ 1.3 million from the Trust Account, net of redemptions, and the $ 9 million net PIPE convertible note. Cash outflows included marketing fees and vendor payments which totaled $ 3.4 million due at closing. In connection with the Company’s assessment of going concern considerations in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-15, “Disclosures of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern,” management believes that subsequent to the closing of the Merger, there continues to be factors which raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year from the date the condensed consolidated financial statements are issued. The condensed consolidated financial statements do not contain any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty. Risks and Uncertainties On August 16, 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (the “IR Act”) was signed into federal law. The IR Act provides for, among other things, a new U.S. federal 1 % excise tax on certain repurchases of stock occurring on or after January 1, 2023, by publicly traded U.S. domestic corporations, by certain U.S. domestic subsidiaries of publicly traded foreign corporations, by “covered surrogate foreign corporations” (as defined in the IR Act) and by certain affiliates of the foregoing. The excise tax is imposed on the repurchasing corporation itself, not its stockholders from which shares are repurchased. The amount of the excise tax is generally 1 % of the fair market value of the shares repurchased at the time of the repurchase. However, for purposes of calculating the excise tax, repurchasing corporations are permitted to net the fair market value of certain new stock issuances against the fair market value of stock repurchases during the same taxable year. In addition, certain exceptions apply to the excise tax. 9 Any redemption or other repurchase that occurs after December 31, 2022, in connection with a Business Combination, extension vote or otherwise, may be subject to the excise tax. Whether and to what extent the Company would be subject to the excise tax in connection with a Business Combination, extension vote or otherwise would depend on a number of factors, including (i) the fair market value of the redemptions and repurchases in connection with the Business Combination, extension or otherwise, (ii) the structure of a Business Combination, (iii) the nature and amount of any “PIPE” or other equity issuances in connection with a Business Combination (or otherwise issued not in connection with a Business Combination but issued within the same taxable year of a Business Combination) and (iv) the content of regulations and other guidance from the Treasury. The foregoing could cause a reduction in the cash available on hand to complete a Business Combination and in the Company’s ability to complete a Business Combination. On March 22, 2023 and December 21, 2023, the Company’s stockholders redeemed 18,000,868 and 140,663 shares, respectively, for a total of $ 184,845,836 and $ 1,565,078 , respectively. On March 26, 2024, the Company’s stockholders redeemed 95,394 shares for a total of $ 1,088,361 . On September 30, 2024, the Company’s stockholders redeemed 50,556 shares for a total of $ 595,439 . On March 26, 2025, the Company’s stockholders redeemed 532,958 shares for a total of $ 6,510,830 . On June 16, 2025, the Company’s stockholders redeemed 52,784 shares for a total of $ 661,012 . The Company determined that an excise tax liability should be recorded due to the redeemed shares. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company has a charge to stockholders’ deficit of $ 1,952,662 and $ 1,880,944 of excise tax liability, including $ 71,718 and $ 16,838 charged during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and the year ended December 31, 2024, respectively, calculated as 1 % of the value of shares redeemed. On July 3, 2024, the Treasury issued final regulations with respect to the procedure and administration of the Excise Tax. These regulations provided that the filing and payment deadline for any liability incurred during the period from January 1, 2023 to December 31, 2023 would be October 31, 2024. As of June 30, 2025 and the date of this report, the excise tax was not paid and was recorded as excise tax payable. Any amount of such Excise Tax not paid in full, could be subject to additional interest and penalties which are currently estimated at 7 % or 9 % interest per annum and a 0.5 % underpayment penalty per month or portion of a month up to 25 % of the total liability for any amount that is unpaid. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, $ 1,952,662 and $ 1,880,944 in excise tax was accrued on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets, respectively. On January 29, 2025, the Company claimed disaster relief under IRC Section 7508A relating to Hurricane Beryl as announced in IRS Announcement TX-2024-08. Under the disaster relief claim, the time for filing of the September 30, 2024 Quarterly Federal Excise Tax Return and payment of the 2023 excise taxes on repurchases of corporate stock normally due on October 31, 2024 should be postponed to February 3, 2025. The Company was not subject to excise tax interest and penalties until February 3, 2025. On January 29, 2025, the Company filed their 2024 excise tax return. The Company did not repay the excise tax in full by June 30, 2025. As of June 30, 2025, the Company accrued approximately $ 105,970 interest and penalties in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. Note 2 – Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for financial information and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP. In the opinion of management, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments necessary for the fair statement of the balances and results for the periods presented. The interim results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2025 or for any future periods. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements and notes thereto included in the Form 10-K annual report filed by the Company with the SEC on March 31, 2025. 10 Principles of Consolidation The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Emerging Growth Company Status The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the independent registered public accounting firm attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period, which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements with another public company, which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used. Use of Estimates The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements. Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Some of the more significant estimates are in connection with determining the fair value of the warrant liabilities and convertible promissory note. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. Concentration of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of a cash account in a financial institution, which, at times, may exceed the Federal Depository Insurance Coverage of $ 250,000 . The Company has not experienced losses on this account. Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. At June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had $ 1,751 and $0 of restricted cash, respectively, related to funds withdrawn from the Trust Account reserved for the payment of income and state franchise taxes. The Company did not have any cash equivalents as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. 11 Cash Held in Trust Account At June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, substantially all of the assets held in the Trust Account were held in an interest-bearing demand deposit account at a bank. During the six months ended June 30, 2025, pursuant to the trust agreement dated as of December 20, 2021 between the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company (“CST”), the trustee of the Trust Account, $ 78,813 of interest income from the Trust Account was withdrawn by the Company for the payment of franchise and income taxes. During the six months ended June 30, 2024, pursuant to the trust agreement dated as of December 20, 2021 between the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company (“CST”), the trustee of the Trust Account, $ 204,460 of interest income from the Trust Account was withdrawn by the Company for the payment of franchise and income taxes. Cash Fair Value as of June 30, 2025 Fair Value as of December 31, 2024 Cash $ 1,935,561 $ 8,330,835 On December 21, 2023, the Company held a special meeting of stockholders to vote on extending the Combination Period. As a result, the Company extended the Combination Period from December 22, 2023 to March 22, 2024, which was later extended to March 22, 2025. In connection with the extension voted on December 21, 2023, 140,663 shares of the Company’s common stock were redeemed. In January 2024, $ 1,565,078 was paid from the Trust Account to redeeming stockholders in connection with the extension. As a result, the Company recorded a liability of $ 1,565,078 as common stock to be redeemed and reduced common stock subject to possible redemption as of December 31, 2023 on the balance sheet. Additionally, as part of the adjustment of common stock subject to possible redemption, the Company classified $ 1,565,078 of the trust account as a current asset on the condensed consolidated balance sheets, which was paid from the Trust Account in January 2024 to redeeming stockholders. On March 18, 2025, the Company commenced a special meeting of stockholders, which was adjourned until March 21, 2025 without conducting any business. On March 21, 2025, the Company reconvened the special meeting to approve an extension of time for the Company to consummate an initial business combination from March 22, 2025 to June 22, 2025. The meeting was adjourned until March 21, 2025, at which the stockholders approve the extension of the business combination period until June 22, 2025. As a condition of the extension, the Company contributed $ 30,000 to the Trust Account, for the entire extension period, on March 21, 2025. On July 1, 2025, the Company filed the Amendment to extend the date by which the Company must consummate a business combination or, if it fails to do so, cease its operations and redeem or repurchase 100 % of the shares of the Company’s common stock issued in the Company’s initial public offering, from June 22, 2025 to August 22, 2025. In connection with the special meeting of stockholders to approve the Business Combination, stockholders of the Company redeemed 52,784 shares of common stock for an aggregate amount of $ 661,012 . As of June 30, 2025, $ 1,274,549 of the Trust assets were classified as noncurrent assets and $ 661,012 of the Trust assets due to redeeming stockholders were classified as current assets. As a result of the Business Combination, the $ 661,012 due to redeeming stockholders was paid at the Closing. Fair Value of Financial Instruments The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities approximates the carrying amounts represented in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets, primarily due to their short-term nature, except for the warrant liabilities, convertible promissory note, and securities purchase agreement. 12 Income Taxes The Company accounts for income taxes under ASC 740, “Income Taxes.” ASC 740, Income Taxes, requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for both the expected impact of differences between the condensed consolidated financial statements and tax basis of assets and liabilities and for the expected future tax benefit to be derived from tax loss and tax credit carry forwards. ASC 740 additionally requires a valuation allowance to be established when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of deferred tax assets will not be realized. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company’s deferred tax asset had a full valuation allowance recorded against it. ASC 740 also clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s condensed consolidated financial statements and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. ASC 740 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim period, disclosure and transition. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a formation cost expense. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position. The Company incurred $ 340 and no amount of interest and penalty expenses during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The Company has identified the United States as its only “major” tax jurisdiction. The Company is subject to income taxation by major taxing authorities since inception. These examinations may include questioning the timing and amount of deductions, the nexus of income among various tax jurisdictions and compliance with federal and state tax laws. The Company’s management does not expect that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will materially change over the next twelve months. Derivative Financial Instruments The Company evaluates its financial instruments, such as warrants, to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives in accordance with ASC Topic 815, “Derivatives and Hedging”. Derivative instruments are initially recorded at fair value on the grant date and re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Derivative assets and liabilities are classified in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as current or non-current based on whether or not net-cash settlement or conversion of the instrument could be required within 12 months of the balance sheet date. Convertible Promissory Note The fair value of the Company’s convertible promissory note is valued using a compound option formula on the convertible feature and a present value of the host contract. The valuation technique requires inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. These inputs reflect management’s own assumption about the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the working capital loan. Securities Purchase Agreement The fair value of the Company’s securities purchase agreement is valued using Monte Carlo models on the convertible feature and a present value of the host contract. The valuation technique requires inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. The instrument is subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date, with changes in fair value recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Warrant Liabilities The Company accounts for the 17,404,250 warrants issued in connection with the IPO (the 9,487,500 Public Warrants, the 7,347,500 Private Placement Warrants, and the 569,250 Representative Warrants inclusive of the underwriters’ over-allotment option) in accordance with the guidance contained in ASC 815-40. Such guidance provides that because the warrants do not meet the criteria for equity treatment thereunder, each warrant must be recorded as a liability. Accordingly, the Company has classified each warrant as a liability at its fair value. This liability is subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date. With each such re-measurement, the warrant liabilities will be adjusted to fair value, with the change in fair value recognized in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations (See Note 8). In determining the fair value of the Private Placement Warrants and the Representative’s Warrants, assumptions related to expected share-price volatility, expected life and risk-free interest rate are utilized. The Company estimates the volatility of its common stock based on historical volatility that matches the expected remaining life of the warrants. 13 Net Loss Per Common Stock The Company has two categories of shares, which are referred to as common stock subject to possible redemption and common stock. Earnings and losses are shared pro rata between the two categories of shares. The 17,404,250 potential shares of common stock for outstanding warrants to purchase the Company’s shares were excluded from diluted earnings per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 because the warrants are contingently exercisable, and the contingencies have not yet been met. As a result, diluted net loss per share of common stock is the same as basic net loss per share of common stock for the periods presented. The table below presents a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used to compute basic and diluted net loss per share for each category of common stock: The table below presents a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used to compute basic and diluted net loss per share for each category of common stock: For the Three Months Ended June 30, For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 2024 2025 2024 Common stock subject to possible redemption Common stock Common stock subject to possible redemption Common stock Common stock subject to possible redemption Common stock Common stock subject to possible redemption Common stock Basic and diluted net loss per share: Numerator: Allocation of net loss $ ( 224,777 ) $ ( 7,972,099 ) $ ( 49,458 ) $ ( 348,029 ) $ ( 685,851 ) $ ( 8,630,935 ) $ ( 159,563 ) $ ( 1,058,201 ) Denominator: Weighted-average shares outstanding 146,440 5,193,750 738,075 5,193,750 412,717 5,193,750 783,151 5,193,750 Basic and diluted net loss per share $ ( 1.53 ) $ ( 1.53 ) $ ( 0.07 ) $ ( 0.07 ) $ ( 1.66 ) $ ( 1.66 ) $ ( 0.20 ) $ ( 0.20 ) Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption The Company’s common stock sold as part of the Units in the IPO (“public common stock”) contain a redemption feature which allows for the redemption of such public shares in connection with the Company’s liquidation, or if there is a stockholder vote or tender offer in connection with the Company’s initial Business Combination. In accordance with ASC 480-10-S99, the Company classifies public common stock outside of permanent equity as the redemption provisions are not solely within the control of the Company. The public common stock was issued with other freestanding instruments (i.e., Public Warrants) and as such, the initial carrying value of public common stock classified as temporary equity was the allocated proceeds determined in accordance with ASC 470-20. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the amount of public common stock reflected on the condensed consolidated balance sheets is reconciled in the following table: Contingently redeemable common stock, December 31, 2023 $ 9,252,208 Less: Partial redemption ( 1,683,800 ) Plus: Accretion of redeemable common stock 768,980 Contingently redeemable common stock, December 31, 2024 $ 8,337,388 Less: Partial redemption ( 6,510,830 ) Plus: Accretion of redeemable common stock 155,999 Contingently redeemable common stock, March 31, 2025 $ 1,982,557 Less: Redemption payment due to stockholders ( 661,012 ) Plus: Accretion of redeemable common stock 8,970 Contingently redeemable common stock, June 30, 2025 $ 1,330,515 14 Recently Issued Accounting Standards Standards Adopted In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. The amendments in this ASU require disclosures, on an annual and interim basis, of significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating officer decision maker (“CODM”), as well as the aggregate amount of other segment items included in the reported measure of segment profit or loss. The ASU requires that a public entity disclose the title and position of the CODM and an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measure(s) of segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources. Public entities will be required to provide all annual disclosures currently required by Topic 280 in interim periods, and entities with a single reportable segment are required to provide all the disclosures required by the amendments in this ASU and existing segment disclosures in Topic 280. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted ASU 2023-07, which was applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented. See Note 9 for further details regarding this adoption. Standards not yet Adopted In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”), which will require the Company to disclose specified additional information in its income tax rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. ASU 2023-09 will also require the Company to disaggregate its income taxes paid disclosure by federal, state and foreign taxes, with further disaggregation required for significant individual jurisdictions. ASU 2023-09 will become effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is still reviewing the impact of ASU 2023-09. Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting pronouncements, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. Note 3 – Initial Public Offering Public Units On December 22, 2021, the Company sold 18,975,000 Units, (which included 2,475,000 Units issued pursuant to the full exercise of the over-allotment option) at a purchase price of $ 10.00 per Unit. Each unit that the Company is offering has a price of $ 10.00 and consists of one share of common stock, one right, and one-half of one redeemable warrant. Each right entitles the holder thereof to receive one-tenth (1/10) of one share of common stock upon the consummation of an initial business combination. Each whole warrant entitles the holder thereof to purchase one share of common stock at a price of $ 11.50 per share, subject to adjustment as described herein. Public Warrants Each whole warrant entitles the holder to purchase one share of common stock at a price of $ 11.50 per share, subject to adjustment as discussed herein. In addition, if (x) the Company issues additional shares of common stock or equity-linked securities for capital raising purposes in connection with the closing of the initial Business Combination at an issue price or effective issue price of less than $ 9.20 per share of common stock (with such issue price or effective issue price to be determined in good faith by the board of directors and, in the case of any such issuance to the initial stockholders or their affiliates, without taking into account any founder shares held by such stockholders or their affiliates, as applicable, prior to such issuance (the “Newly Issued Price”)), (y) the aggregate gross proceeds from such issuances represent more than 60 % of the total equity proceeds, and interest thereon, available for funding the initial Business Combination (net of redemptions), and (z) the volume weighted average trading price of the common stock during the 20 trading day period starting on the trading day prior to the day on which the Company consummates the Business Combination (such price, the “Market Value”) is below $ 9.20 per share, the exercise price shall be adjusted (to the nearest cent) to be equal to 115 % of the higher of the Market Value and the Newly Issued Price, and the $ 18.00 per share redemption trigger price described in the section “Redemption of warrants” will be adjusted (to the nearest cent) to be equal to 180 % of the higher of the Market Value and the Newly Issued Price. 15 The warrants will become exercisable on the later of 12 months from the closing of the IPO or 30 days after the completion of its initial Business Combination and will expire five years after the completion of the Company’s initial Business Combination, at 5:00 p.m., New York City time, or earlier upon redemption or liquidation. The Company has agreed that as soon as practicable, but in no event later than 15 business days after the closing of the initial Business Combination, the Company will use its reasonable best efforts to file, and within 60 business days after the closing of the initial Business Combination, to have declared effective, a registration statement relating to those shares of common stock, and to maintain a current prospectus relating to such shares of common stock until the warrants expire or are redeemed. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a registration statement covering the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants is not effective within the above specified period following the consummation of the initial Business Combination, warrant holders may, until such time as there is an effective registration statement and during any period when the Company shall have failed to maintain an effective registration statement, exercise warrants on a cashless basis pursuant to the exemption provided by Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, provided that such exemption is available. If that exemption, or another exemption, is not available, holders will not be able to exercise their warrants on a cashless basis. Redemption of Warrants Once the warrants become exercisable, the Company may redeem the outstanding warrants: ● in whole and not in part; ● at a price of $ 0.01 per warrant; ● upon a minimum of 30 days ’ prior written notice of redemption (the “30-day redemption period”); ● if, and only if, the last sale price of the common stock equals or exceeds $ 18.00 per share for any 20 trading days within a 30 -trading day period ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the Company sends the notice of redemption to the warrant holders. If the Company calls the warrants for redemption as described above, management will have the option to require all holders that wish to exercise warrants to do so on a “cashless basis.” In determining whether to require all holders to exercise their warrants on a “cashless basis,” management will consider, among other factors, the Company’s cash position, the number of warrants that are outstanding and the dilutive effect on the stockholders of issuing the maximum number of shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of the warrants. In such event, each holder would pay the exercise price by surrendering the warrants for that number of shares of common stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of shares of common stock underlying the warrants, multiplied by the difference between the exercise price of the warrants and the “fair market value” (defined below) by (y) the fair market value. The “fair market value” shall mean the average reported last sale price of the common stock for the 10 trading days ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the notice of redemption is sent to the holders of warrants. Note 4 – Private Placement The Company’s Sponsor, I-Bankers and Dawson James have purchased an aggregate of 7,347,500 Private Placement Warrants (which included 697,500 Private Placement Warrants issued pursuant to the full exercise of the over-allotment option) at a price of $ 1.00 per warrant ($ 7,347,500 in the aggregate) in a private placement that closed simultaneously with the closing of the IPO. Of such amount, 5,162,500 Private Placement Warrants were purchased by the Sponsor and 2,185,000 Private Placement Warrants were purchased by I-Bankers and Dawson James. The Private Placement Warrants are identical to the warrants included in the units sold in the IPO, except that the Private Placement Warrants: (i) will not be redeemable by the Company and (ii) may be exercised for cash or on a cashless basis, in each case so long as they are held by the initial purchasers or any of their permitted transferees. If the Private Placement Warrants are held by holders other than the initial purchasers or any of their permitted transferees, the Private Placement Warrants will be redeemable by the Company and exercisable by the holders on the same basis as the warrants included in the Units being sold in the IPO. 16 Note 5 – Related Party Transactions Founder Shares In April 2021, the Sponsor paid $ 25,000 , or approximately $ 0.005 per share, to cover certain of the offering costs in exchange for an aggregate of 5,175,000 shares of common stock, par value $ 0.0001 per share (the “Founder Shares”). In October 2021, the Sponsor irrevocably surrendered to the Company for cancellation and for no consideration 862,500 shares of common stock. On December 20, 2021, the Company effected a 1.1- for-1 stock dividend of its common stock, resulting in the Sponsor holding an aggregate of 4,743,750 shares of common stock. The Founder Shares include an aggregate of up to 618,750 shares subject to forfeiture if the over-allotment option is not exercised by the underwriters in full. On December 22, 2021, the over-allotment option was fully exercised and such shares are no longer subject to forfeiture. The Sponsor has agreed not to transfer, assign or sell any of their Founder Shares until the earlier to occur of: (A) one year after the completion of the initial Business Combination or (B) the date on which the Company completes a liquidation, merger, stock exchange or other similar transaction after the initial Business Combination that results in all of the Company’s public stockholders having the right to exchange their shares of common stock for cash, securities or other property (the “Lock-up”). Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the last sale price of the Company’s common stock equals or exceeds $ 12.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within any 30 -trading day period commencing at least 150 days after the initial Business Combination, the Founder Shares will be released from the Lock-up. Convertible Promissory Note – Related Party On April 27, 2023, the Company signed a Convertible Working Capital Promissory Note (“the Note”) with the Sponsor for $ 1,200,000 . The Note is non-interest bearing and is due the earlier of the consummation of a business combination or the date of liquidation. The Sponsor may elect to convert all or any portion of the unpaid principal balance of this Note into warrants, at a price of $ 1.00 per warrant. On January 10, 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors approved, and the Company amended the Note to increase the principal amount of the Note that could be drawn on to $ 1.5 million. The amended and restated Note also allows for the conversion of the outstanding principal balance of the Note to be repaid in shares of Company common stock at a price of $ 2.22 per share at the election of the sponsor. On May 31, 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors approved and the Company entered into a second amendment of its Convertible Working Capital Promissory Note with the sponsor to increase the principal amount of the Note that could be drawn on to $ 2.5 million. The second amended and restated Note also allows for the conversion of the outstanding principal balance of the Note to be repaid in shares of Company common stock at a price of $ 2.22 per share at the election of the sponsor. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had principal outstanding of $ 1,919,796 and is presenting the Note at fair value on its balance sheet at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 in the amount of $ 10,288,111 and $ 8,908,052 , respectively. The Company has deferred the repayment of the Note to six months after the Closing. Securities Purchase Agreement On February 11, 2025, in a private transaction, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (the “SPA”) with an institutional investor (the “Investor”). Pursuant to the SPA, the Investor is expected, subject to the conditions relating to such purchase set forth in the SPA, to purchase from the Company’s senior secured convertible promissory notes (“Ascent Note”) in an aggregate principal amount of up to $ 22,222,222 for a purchase price of up to $ 20,000,000 , after a 10 % original issue discount (“OID”). As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company is presenting the Ascent Note at fair value on its balance sheet at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 in the amount of $ 193,878 and $0, respectively (See details on Note 6). As a result of the Business Combination, pursuant to the SPA, the Company issued a PIPE Convertible Note in the principal amount of $ 10,000,000 (the “Initial Note”) for a purchase price of $ 9,000,000 , reflecting a 10 % OID. The Initial Note matures on the date that is 18-months from the Closing and is convertible at any time at the Investor’s option at a conversion price equal to the lower of $ 10 or 95 % of the lowest daily volume-weighted average price per share of the post-combination company common stock in the 10 trading days prior to the original issue date of the Initial Note and shall be adjusted, without limitation, based on down-round and most-favored nation (MFN) price and terms protections (the “Conversion Price”). Related Party Loans In order to finance transaction costs in connection with an intended initial Business Combination, the initial stockholders or an affiliate of the initial stockholders or certain of the Company’s officers and directors may, but are not obligated to, loan the Company funds as may be required (the “Working Capital Loans”). If the Company completes the initial Business Combination, the Company would repay such loaned amounts out of the proceeds of the Trust Account released to the Company. Otherwise, such loans would be repaid only out of funds held outside the Trust Account. In the event that the initial Business Combination does not close, the Company may use a portion of the working capital held outside the Trust Account to repay such loaned amounts but no proceeds from the Trust Account would be used to repay such loaned amounts. Up to $ 1,500,000 of such loans may be convertible, at the option of the lender, into warrants at a price of $ 1.00 per warrant of the post Business Combination entity. The warrants would be identical to the Private Placement Warrants, including as to exercise price, exercisability and exercise period. At June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had no borrowings under the Working Capital Loans, other than the Note described in “Note 5 – Related Party Transactions – Convertible Promissory Note – Related Party”. 17 Administrative Service Fee Commencing on the effective date of the IPO, the Company began paying its Sponsor a total of $ 5,000 per month for office space, utilities, secretarial support and other administrative and consulting services. As of June 30, 2023, the Company and the Sponsor terminated this agreement. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, $ 0 had been incurred and billed relating to the administrative service fee, respectively. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, $ 50,000 relating to the administrative service fee was not paid and recorded as due to related party. Advances from Profusa For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, Profusa agreed to advance funds to the Company to pay for operating expenses. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there was $ 1,299,040 and $ 791,407 , respectively owed to Profusa, which is due upon demand or at the completion of the Business Combination. Due to Related Party As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, $ 50,000 relating to the administrative service fee was not paid and recorded as due to related party. On February 24, 2025, the Company paid costs on behalf of its Sponsor which reduced the balance due by $ 8,820 . Note 6 – Commitments and Contingencies Registration Rights The holders of the Founder Shares, the Private Placement Warrants and warrants that may be issued upon conversion of Working Capital Loans (and any underlying securities) are entitled to registration rights pursuant to a registration rights agreement signed on the closing date of the IPO requiring the Company to register such securities for resale. The holders of these securities are entitled to make up to three demands, excluding short form demands, that the Company registers such securities. In addition, the holders have certain “piggy-back” registration rights with respect to registration statements filed subsequent to the completion of the initial Business Combination. However, the registration rights agreement provides that the Company will not permit any registration statement filed under the Securities Act to become effective until termination of the applicable Lock-up period described in Note 5. The Company will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements. Underwriters Agreement The underwriters had a 30 -day option from the date of IPO to purchase up to an additional 2,475,000 units to cover over-allotments, if any. On December 22, 2021, the over-allotment was fully exercised. The underwriters received a cash underwriting discount of approximately 1.82 % of the gross proceeds of the IPO, or $ 3,450,000 . Business Combination Marketing Agreement Under a Business Combination marketing agreement, the Company engaged I-Bankers and Dawson James as advisors in connection with the Business Combination to assist the Company in holding meetings with the stockholders to discuss the potential Business Combination and the target business’s attributes, introduce the Company to potential investors that are interested in purchasing the Company’s securities in connection with the potential Business Combination, assist the Company in obtaining stockholder approval for the Business Combination and assist the Company with its press releases and public filings in connection with the Business Combination. The Company was obligated to pay I-Bankers and Dawson James a cash fee for such marketing services upon the consummation of the initial Business Combination in an amount of 3.68 % of the gross proceeds of the IPO, or $ 6,986,250 . The agreement was amended on November 7, 2022 to allow for the 3.68 % business combination fee to be paid as (a) 27.5 % cash and (b) 72.5 % to be rolled into equity at closing. Subsequently, on January 19, 2025, the agreement was modified by the parties such that the Company will be required to pay $ 2,000,000 , payable in cash, if a business combination is consummated. As a result of the Business Combination, I-Bankers was paid $ 900,000 and Dawson James was paid $ 600,000 under the Business Combination marketing agreement. The payment of the remaining $ 500,000 has been deferred until after the Closing. Non-Redemption Agreement On May 8, 2025, the Company entered into a non-redemption agreement (the “Non-Redemption Agreement”) with I-Bankers Securities, Inc. and Dawson James Securities, Inc. (together, the “Investors”), pursuant to which such Investors agreed that to the extent that redemptions in connection with the vote to approve the Business Combination reduces the Company’s trust account balance below $ 1.25 million, the Investors would offer such redeeming shareholders an opportunity to rescind the redemption of their shares and would instead purchase such shares. Such purchases would be structured in compliance with the requirements of Rule 14e-5 under the Exchange Act or would otherwise not constitute a tender offer pursuant to the Exchange Act. As of the Closing Date, the Company’s trust account balance was not below $ 1.25 million. 18 Representative’s Shares On December 22, 2021, the Company issued 450,000 shares (Representative Shares) of common stock (which included 37,500 Representative Shares issued pursuant to the full exercise of the over-allotment option) at the consummation of the IPO to I-Bankers and Dawson James (and/or their designees). I-Bankers and Dawson James (and/or their designees) have agreed not to transfer, assign or sell any such shares until the completion of the initial Business Combination. In addition, I-Bankers and Dawson James (and/or their designees) have agreed (i) to waive their redemption rights with respect to such shares in connection with the completion of the initial Business Combination and (ii) to waive their rights to liquidating distributions from the Trust Account with respect to such shares if the Company fails to complete its initial Business Combination within the Combination Period. The fair value of the Representative’s Shares issued are recognized as offering costs directly attributable to the issuance of an equity contract to be classified in equity and are recorded as a reduction of equity (see Note 1). Representative’s Warrants The Company granted to I-Bankers and Dawson James (and/or their designees) 569,250 warrants (which included 74,250 warrants issued pursuant to the full exercise of the over-allotment option) exercisable at $ 11.50 per share (or an aggregate exercise price of $ 6,546,375 ) at the closing of the IPO. The Representative Warrants issued are recognized as derivative liabilities in accordance with ASC 815-40 and recorded as liabilities at fair value each reporting period (see Notes 1 and 8). The warrants may be exercised for cash or on a cashless basis, at the holder’s option, at any time during the period commencing on the later of the first anniversary of the effective date of the registration statement of which the IPO forms a part and the closing of the initial Business Combination and terminating on the fifth anniversary of such effectiveness date. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, I-Bankers and Dawson James have agreed that neither they nor their designees will be permitted to exercise the warrants after the five year anniversary of the effective date of the registration statement of which the IPO forms a part. The warrants and such shares purchased pursuant to the warrants have been deemed compensation by FINRA and are therefore subject to a lock-up for a period of 180 days immediately following the date of the effectiveness of the registration statement of which the IPO forms a part pursuant to FINRA Rule 5110I(1). Pursuant to FINRA Rule 5110I(1), these securities will not be the subject of any hedging, short sale, derivative, put or call transaction that would result in the economic disposition of the securities by any person for a period of 180 days immediately following the effective date of the registration statement of which the IPO forms a part, nor may they be sold, transferred, assigned, pledged or hypothecated for a period of 180 days immediately following the effective date of the registration statement of which the IPO forms a part except to any underwriter and selected dealer participating in the offering and their bona fide officers or partners. The warrants grant to holders demand and “piggy back” rights for periods of five and seven years, respectively, from the effective date of the registration statement of which the IPO forms a part with respect to the registration under the Securities Act of the shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants. The Company will bear all fees and expenses attendant to registering the securities, other than underwriting commissions, which will be paid for by the holders themselves. The exercise price and number of shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants may be adjusted in certain circumstances including in the event of a share dividend, or the Company’s recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation. However, the warrants will not be adjusted for issuances of shares at a price below its exercise price. The Company will have no obligation to net cash settle the exercise of the warrants. The holder of the warrants will not be entitled to exercise the warrants for cash unless a registration statement covering the securities underlying the warrants is effective or an exemption from registration is available. Merger Agreement On November 7, 2022, NorthView entered into a Merger Agreement and Plan of Reorganization (the “Merger Agreement”), by and among Merger Sub., and Profusa, Inc., a California corporation (“Profusa”). The Merger Agreement provides that, among other things, at the closing of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, Merger Sub will merge with and into Profusa (the “Merger”), with Profusa surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of NorthView. At the Special Meeting held on June 9, 2025, the Company’s stockholders voted to approve the proposals outlined in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus, including, among other things, the adoption of the Merger Agreement and approval of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, including the merger of Merger Sub with and into Profusa, with Profusa continuing as the surviving corporation and as a wholly-owned subsidiary the Company, and the issuance of the Company’s common stock as consideration thereunder. On July 11, 2025, the Closing was completed. In connection with the Closing, the Company changed its name to “Profusa, Inc.” 19 Advisory Agreements On December 19, 2024, the Company engaged A.G.P to serve as the placement agent in connection with a proposed business combination transaction. The Company shall pay to A.G.P. a cash fee (the “Cash Fee”) equal to 9.0 % in a convertible note offering, note, or other similar equity-linked offerings, and shall be calculated from the face value of notes issued, which is payable at the close of a Business Combination. On June 17, 2025, the Company entered a settlement agreement with A.G.P. for the Cash Fee of $ 968,000 related to the debt private placement (the “Offering”) that was issued at the Closing. Pursuant to the settlement agreement, as a result of the Business Combination, the Company paid A.G.P. $ 550,000 at the Closing and the remaining $ 418,000 of the fees was deferred and due on the earlier of (i) the second tranche of the debt private placement being issued and (ii) December 31, 2025. The Company also agreed to reimburse A.G.P. $ 50,000 for expenses incurred in connection with the offering. On June 15, 2023, the Company engaged the Benchmark Company LLC (“Benchmark”) to provide advisory services related to the Business Combination and the Convertible Notes. The Company was to pay Benchmark at the closing of the Business Combination an advisory fee of $ 750,000 in two tranches. The first tranche will be $ 500,000 earned upon the closing of the Business Combination in the surviving public entity’s common stock (“Tranche 1”). The number of shares to be issued is calculated on the 30 th day following the Closing by dividing $ 500,000 and the trailing 5-day VWAP of the Company’s common stock as calculated by Bloomburg with a minimum price of $ 2.00 . The second tranche will be $ 250,000 , at the Company’s option, in either cash or in the surviving entity’s common shares calculated by dividing $ 250,000 by the lowest trailing 5-day VWAP in the prior 30 days (“Tranche 2”). Upon funding of the Convertible Notes by investors introduced by Benchmark, the Company will pay to Benchmark fees in cash equal to 5 % of the net proceeds of any Convertible Note draw at the time of funding of such draw (“Arrangement Fees”). The Tranche 2 fee shall be reduced by the amount of any fees paid to Benchmark for other transactions during the Term other than Arrangement Fees associated with Convertible Notes, after the Business Combination, up to $ 250,000 . As a result of the Business Combination, Benchmark was paid in shares of the post-combination company in the amount of $ 500,000 . Securities Purchase Agreement On February 11, 2025, in a private transaction, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (the “SPA”) with an institutional investor (the “Investor”). Pursuant to the SPA, the Investor is expected, subject to the conditions relating to such purchase set forth in the SPA, to purchase from the Company’s senior secured convertible promissory notes in an aggregate principal amount of up to $ 22,222,222 (the “Convertible Notes”) for a purchase price of up to $ 20,000,000 , after a 10 % original issue discount (“OID”). As a result of the Business Combination, pursuant to the SPA, the Company issued a Convertible Note in the principal amount of $ 10,000,000 (the “Initial Note”) for a purchase price of $ 9,000,000 , reflecting a 10 % OID. The Initial Note matures on the date that is 18-months from the closing of the Business Combination and is convertible at any time at the Investor’s option at a conversion price equal to the lower of $10 or 95% of the lowest daily volume-weighted average price per share of the post-combination company common stock in the 10 trading days prior to the original issue date of the Initial Note and shall be adjusted, without limitation, based on down-round and most-favored nation (MFN) price and terms protections (the “Conversion Price”). The SPA contemplates that additional Convertible Notes will be purchased in multiple tranches: (i) Prior to the one-year anniversary of the Initial Closing Date, subject to the conditions set forth in the SPA, the Company may request that the Investor purchase additional Convertible Notes having an aggregate principal amount of up to $ 12,222,222 at a purchase price of $ 11,000,000 (reflecting a 10 % OID), as follows: (a) Provided a registration statement has been filed for the shares underlying the Initial Note, shares of combined company common stock, par value $ 0.0001 (“New Profusa Common Stock”) have traded a volume of at least 15,000,000 shares in the aggregate, and no default or event of default has occurred, the Company may call and thereby require the Investor to purchase Convertible Notes in the aggregate principal amount of $ 2,222,222 for a purchase price of $ 2,000,000 (reflecting a 10 % OID) (“Second Purchase”); (b) Provided a registration statement is effective for the shares underlying the Initial Note, New Profusa Common Stock has traded a volume of at least $ 35,000,000 in the aggregate after the $ 2,000,000 Second Purchase has closed, no default or event of default has occurred and the stock has traded at a trading price of no less than $ 4.00 for a period of five trading days preceding such purchase, the Company may call and thereby require the Investor to purchase Convertible Notes in the aggregate principal amount of $ 5,555,555 for a purchase price of $ 5,000,000 (reflecting a 10 % OID); and (c) The Investor at its sole discretion may call from the Company and thereby require the Company to sell an additional Convertible Note having an aggregate principal amount of $ 4,444,444 at a purchase price of $ 4,000,000 (reflecting a 10 % OID) to be purchased at any time within 12 months of the Initial Closing. As a result of the Business Combination, the Company paid $ 90,000 at the Closing to an advisor for legal services in connection with the issuance of the Convertible Note. Note 7 – Stockholders’ Deficit Preferred stock — The Company is authorized to issue 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock with a par value of $ 0.0001 and with such designations, rights and preferences as may be determined from time to time by the Company’s board of directors. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there was no preferred stock issued or outstanding. 20 Common Stock — The Company is authorized to issue a total of 100,000,000 shares of common stock at par value of $ 0.0001 each. In April 2021, the Company issued 5,175,000 shares of common stock to its Sponsor for $ 25,000 , or approximately $ 0.005 per share. In October 2021, the Sponsor irrevocably surrendered to the Company for cancellation and for no consideration 862,500 shares of common stock. On December 20, 2021, the Company effected a 1.1- for-1 stock dividend of its common stock , resulting in an aggregate of 4,743,750 Founder Shares issued and outstanding. On December 22, 2021, the Company has also issued 450,000 shares (Representative’s Shares) of common stock (which included 37,500 Representative Shares issued pursuant to the full exercise of the over-allotment option) at the consummation of the IPO to I-Bankers and Dawson James (and/or their designees). As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were 5,193,750 shares of common stock issued and outstanding, excluding 101,777 and 687,519 shares of common stock subject to redemption, respectively. Common stockholders of record are entitled to one vote for each share held on all matters to be voted on by stockholders. Unless specified in the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation or bylaws, or as required by applicable provisions of the DGCL or applicable stock exchange rules, the affirmative vote of a majority of the Company’s common stock that are voted is required to approve any such matter voted on by the stockholders. There is no cumulative voting with respect to the election of directors, with the result that the holders of more than 50 % of the shares voted for the election of directors can elect all of the directors (prior to consummation of the initial Business Combination). The Company’s stockholders are entitled to receive ratable dividends when, as and if declared by the board of directors out of funds legally available therefor. Note 8 – Fair Value Measurements Fair value is defined as the price that would be received for sale of an asset or paid for transfer of a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. GAAP establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The Company’s financial instruments are classified as either Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3. These tiers include: ● Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical instruments in active markets; ● Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable such as quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets or quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and ● Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions, such as valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable. The following tables present information about the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation inputs the Company utilized to determine such fair value: June 30, 2025 Quoted Prices In Active Markets (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Other Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Assets: Cash held in trust $ 1,935,561 $ 1,274,549 $ — $ — Liabilities: Warrant liabilities – Public Warrants $ 3,795,000 $ — $ 3,795,000 $ — Warrant liabilities – Private Placement Warrants 2,939,000 — — 2,939,000 Warrant liabilities – Representative’s Warrants 227,700 — — 227,700 Convertible Promissory Note – Related Party 10,288,111 — — 10,288,111 Securities Purchase Agreement 193,878 — — 193,878 Total $ 17,443,689 $ — $ 3,795,000 $ 13,648,689 December 31, 2024 Quoted Prices In Active Markets (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Other Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Assets: Cash held in trust $ 8,330,835 $ 8,330,835 $ — $ — Liabilities: Warrant liabilities – Public Warrants $ 379,500 $ — $ 379,500 $ — Warrant liabilities – Private Placement Warrants 293,900 — — 293,900 Warrant liabilities – Representative’s Warrants 22,770 — — 22,770 Convertible Promissory Note – Related Party 8,908,052 — — 8,908,052 Total $ 9,604,222 $ — $ 379,500 $ 9,224,722 21 The Public Warrants, the Private Placement Warrants and the Representative’s Warrants were accounted for as liabilities in accordance with ASC 815-40 and are presented within liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The warrant liabilities are measured at fair value at inception and on a recurring basis, with changes in fair value presented within change in fair value of warrant liabilities in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The Company utilized a Monte Carlo simulation model for the initial valuation of the Public Warrants. The subsequent measurement of the Public Warrants at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was classified as Level 2 due to the lack of an active market. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the aggregate value of Public Warrants was $ 3,795,000 and $ 379,500 , respectively. The Company uses a Monte Carlo simulation model to value the Private Placement Warrants and the Representative’s Warrants. The Private Placement Warrants and the Representative’s Warrants were classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy due to the use of unobservable inputs. Inherent in pricing models are assumptions related to expected share-price volatility, expected life and risk-free interest rate. The Company estimates the volatility of its common stock based on historical volatility that matches the expected remaining life of the warrants. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury zero-coupon yield curve on the grant date for a maturity similar to the expected remaining life of the warrants. The expected life of the warrants is assumed to be equivalent to their remaining contractual term. The key inputs into the Monte Carlo simulation model for the warrant liabilities were as follows at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024: June 30, 2025 December 31, 2024 Input Risk-free interest rate 4.22 % 4.18 % Expected term (years) 0.61 0.89 Expected volatility De minimis % De minimis % Exercise price $ 11.50 $ 11.50 Fair value of Common stock $ 12.52 $ 12.12 The key inputs into the Monte Carlo simulation model for the convertible promissory note were as follows at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024: June 30, 2025 December 31, 2024 Input Risk-free interest rate 4.28 % 4.18 % Expected term (years) 0.05 0.27 Expected volatility De minimis % De minimis % Exercise price $ 11.50 $ 11.50 Fair value of Common stock $ 12.52 $ 12.12 The key inputs into the Monte Carlo simulation model for the securities purchase agreement were as follows at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024: June 30, 2025 December 31, 2024 Input Risk-free interest rate 3.83 % — Expected term (years) 1.59 — Expected volatility 4.84 % — Exercise price $ 11.50 — Fair value of Common stock $ 12.52 — 22 The following table provides a summary of the changes in the fair value of the Company’s Level 3 financial instruments that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024: Private Placement Warrants Representative’s Warrants Warrant Liability Fair value at December 31, 2024 $ 293,900 $ 22,770 $ 316,670 Change in fair value of warrant liabilities 146,950 11,385 158,335 Fair value at March 31, 2025 440,850 34,155 475,005 Change in fair value of warrant liabilities 2,498,150 193,545 2,691,695 Fair value at June 30, 2025 $ 2,939,000 $ 227,700 $ 3,166,700 Private Placement Warrants Representative’s Warrants Warrant Liability Fair value at December 31, 2023 $ 66,128 $ 5,123 $ 71,251 Change in fair value of warrant liabilities 213,077 16,509 229,586 Fair value at March 31, 2024 279,205 21,632 300,837 Change in fair value of warrant liabilities 124,908 9,676 134,584 Fair value at June 30, 2024 $ 404,113 $ 31,308 $ 435,421 Convertible Promissory Note – related party Fair value at December 31, 2024 $ 8,908,052 Change in fair value of convertible promissory note 225,330 Fair value at March 31, 2025 9,133,382 Change in fair value of convertible promissory note 1,154,729 Fair value at June 30, 2025 $ 10,288,111 Convertible Promissory Note Fair value at December 31, 2023 $ 944,118 Principal proceeds 378,185 Change in fair value of convertible promissory note ( 60,077 ) Fair value at March 31, 2024 1,262,226 Proceeds received through convertible promissory note 330,796 Change in fair value of convertible promissory note ( 66,021 ) Fair value at June 30, 2024 $ 1,527,001 The fair value of the Company’s convertible promissory note is valued using a compound option formula on the convertible feature and a present value of the host contract. The valuation technique requires inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. These inputs reflect management’s own assumption about the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the working capital loan. The convertible promissory note was classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy due to the use of unobservable inputs. Inherent in pricing models are assumptions related to expected share-price volatility, expected life and risk-free interest rate. The Company estimates the volatility of its common stock based on historical volatility that matches the expected remaining life of the note. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury zero-coupon yield curve on the grant date for a maturity similar to the expected remaining life of the note. The expected life of the note is assumed to be equivalent to their remaining contractual term. Securities Purchase Agreement Fair value at February 11, 2025 $ — Change in fair value of securities purchase agreement 23,487 Fair value at March 31, 2025 23,487 Change in fair value of securities purchase agreement 170,391 Fair value at June 30, 2025 $ 193,878 23 The Company utilizes a Monte Carlo model to estimate the fair value of the conversion feature within the securities purchase agreement, which is required to be recorded at its initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet date thereafter. Changes in the estimated fair value of the conversion feature are recognized as non-cash gains or losses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. The key assumptions in the model relate to expected share-price volatility, risk-free interest rate, exercise price, expected term and the probability of occurrence of the transaction. The expected volatility was based on the average volatility of special purpose acquisition companies that are searching for an acquisition target. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury zero-coupon yield curve on the grant date for a maturity similar to the expected remaining life of the note. The expected life of the note is assumed to be equivalent to their remaining contractual term. Note 9 – Segment Information ASC Topic 280, “Segment Reporting,” establishes standards for companies to report in their financial statement information about operating segments, products, services, geographic areas, and major customers. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise that engage in business activities from which it may recognize revenues and incur expenses, and for which separate financial information is available that is regularly evaluated by the Company’s chief operating decision maker, or group, in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) has been identified as its Chief Financial Officer , who reviews the assets, operating results, and financial metrics for the Company as a whole to make decisions about allocating resources and assessing financial performance. Accordingly, management has determined that there is only one reportable segment. The CODM assesses performance for the single segment and decides how to allocate resources based on net loss that also is reported on the statement of operations as net loss. The measure of segment assets is reported on the balance sheet as total assets. When evaluating the Company’s performance and making key decisions regarding resource allocation, the CODM reviews several key metrics included in net loss and total assets, which include the following: As of June 30, 2025 As of December 31, 2024 Trust Account $ 1,935,561 $ 8,330,835 Cash $ — $ 16,204 Restricted Cash $ 1,751 $ — For the Three Months Ended June 30, For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 2024 2025 2024 Formation and operating costs 967,084 253,130 1,550,665 723,971 Interest income earned on cash and marketable securities held in Trust Account 15,159 108,520 95,084 225,184 The key measures of segment profit or loss reviewed by our CODM are interest earned on the Trust Account and general and administrative expenses. The CODM reviews interest earned on the Trust Account to measure and monitor stockholder value and determine the most effective strategy of investment with the Trust Account funds while maintaining compliance with the trust agreement. General and administrative expenses are reviewed and monitored by the CODM to manage and forecast cash to ensure enough capital is available to complete a business combination within the business combination period. The CODM also reviews general and administrative costs to manage, maintain and enforce all contractual agreements to ensure costs are aligned with all agreements and budget. Note 10 – Subsequent Events The Company evaluated subsequent events and transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date up to the date that the condensed consolidated financial statements were issued. Based on the Company’s review, the Company did not identify any subsequent events that would have required adjustment or disclosure in the condensed consolidated financial statements, other than as previously disclosed, and as described below. Consummation of Business Combination On July 11, 2025, the Company, consummated its previously announced Business Combination Profusa, pursuant to that certain Merger Agreement and Plan of Reorganization, dated as of November 7, 2022 (as the same has been amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Merger Agreement”), between the Company, Profusa, and NV Profusa Merger Sub Inc., a Delaware corporation and a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (“Merger Sub” and, collectively, the “Parties”). The consummation of the Business Combination involved the merger (the “Merger”) of Merger Sub with and into Profusa, pursuant to which, at the closing of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement (the “Closing”), the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub ceased, with Profusa as the surviving corporation becoming a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement and in accordance with the DGCL. As a result of the Business Combination, the Company owns 100 % of the outstanding common stock of Profusa. In connection with the closing of the Business Combination, the Company changed its name from “NorthView Acquisition Corporation” to “Profusa, Inc.” Securities Purchase Agreement On July 28, 2025, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Ascent Partners Fund LLC (the “Purchaser”). Pursuant to the terms and conditions set forth in the Purchase Agreement, the Company may, from time to time and at its discretion, issue and sell to the Purchaser shares of its common stock (the “Purchased Securities”) for an aggregate purchase price of up to $ 100,000,000 (the “Maximum Aggregate Purchase Price”), subject to certain limitations and conditions described below. 24 Under the Purchase Agreement, the Company may deliver advance notices (each, an “Advance Notice”) to the Purchaser to request the purchase of shares of common stock, with each closing (a “Closing”) to occur on a trading day following the end of a 10 or fewer trading day valuation period commencing on the trading date immediately following the delivery of the Advance Notice, or as determined by the Purchaser. The purchase price per share at each Closing will be equal to 97 % of the lowest volume-weighted average price (“VWAP”) of the Company’s common stock during the applicable valuation period, subject to a floor price and other adjustments as set forth in the Purchase Agreement. The maximum purchase price at any single Closing is limited to the lower of (a) $ 5,000,000 or (b) 100 % of the average daily traded value of the common stock for the five trading days immediately preceding such Closing. The Purchase Agreement contains certain limitations, including that the aggregate number of shares issued under the Purchase Agreement may not exceed the number of shares registered under the applicable registration statement or the exchange cap (generally 19.9 % of the Company’s outstanding common stock as of the effective date), unless stockholder approval is obtained or as otherwise permitted by the rules of the principal trading market. In addition, the Purchaser’s beneficial ownership of the Company’s common stock is limited to 9.99 % of the outstanding shares immediately after giving effect to any issuance. The Purchase Agreement also provides for the issuance of a warrant to the Purchaser for the purchase of 900,000 shares of common stock, and includes a Registration Rights Agreement, Lock-Up Agreements from the Company’s officers and directors, and a Transfer Agent Instruction Letter. The Company is required to reserve sufficient shares of common stock to satisfy its obligations under the Purchase Agreement and to maintain the listing of its common stock on its principal trading market.