PRO DEX INC 10-K

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Page Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (Moss Adams LLP, Irvine, California, Auditor ID: 659 ) 27 Financial Statements: Consolidated Balance Sheets, June 30, 2024 and 2023 29 Consolidated Income Statements, Years Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 30 Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity, Years Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 31 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, Years Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 32 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 34 26 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors Pro-Dex, Inc. Opinion on the Financial Statements We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Pro-Dex, Inc. (the “Company”) as of June 30, 2024 and 2023, the related consolidated statements of income, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company as of June 30, 2024 and 2023, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Basis for Opinion These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures to respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. 27 Critical Audit Matters Critical audit matters are matters arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. We determined that there are no critical audit matters. /s/ Moss Adams LLP Irvine, California September 5, 2024 We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2003. 28 PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (In thousands, except share data) June 30, 2024 2023 ASSETS Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents $ 2,631 $ 2,936 Investments 4,217 1,134 Accounts receivable 13,887 9,952 Deferred costs 262 494 Inventory 15,269 16,167 Prepaid expenses 345 296 Total current assets 36,611 30,979 Land and building, net 6,155 6,249 Equipment and improvements, net 5,024 5,079 Right of use asset, net 1,473 1,872 Intangibles, net 54 81 Deferred income taxes, net 1,555 — Investments 1,563 7,521 Other assets 42 42 Total assets $ 52,477 $ 51,823 LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY Current liabilities: Accounts payable $ 4,513 $ 2,261 Accrued liabilities 3,359 3,135 Income taxes payable 632 453 Deferred revenue 14 — Notes payable 4,374 3,827 Total current liabilities 12,892 9,676 Non-current liabilities: Lease liability, net of current portion 1,182 1,638 Deferred income taxes, net — 8 Notes payable, net of current portion 7,536 8,911 Total non-current liabilities 8,718 10,557 Total liabilities 21,610 20,233 Commitments and Contingencies (Note 9): — — Shareholders’ equity: Common stock, no par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized; 3,363,412 and 3,545,309 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively 3,917 6,767 Retained earnings 26,950 24,823 Total shareholders’ equity 30,867 31,590 Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity $ 52,477 $ 51,823 See notes to consolidated financial statements. 29 PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS (In thousands, except share and per share data) Years Ended June 30, 2024 2023 Net sales $ 53,844 $ 46,087 Cost of sales 39,293 33,338 Gross profit 14,551 12,749 Operating expenses: Selling expenses 117 155 General and administrative expenses 4,072 4,028 Research and development costs 3,189 2,804 Total operating expenses 7,378 6,987 Operating income 7,173 5,762 Other income (expense): Interest and dividend income 144 294 Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable equity investments ( 4,125 ) 3,899 Gain on sale of investments — 6 Interest expense ( 558 ) ( 533 ) Total other income (expense) ( 4,539 ) 3,666 Income before income taxes 2,634 9,428 Income tax expense 507 2,354 Net income $ 2,127 $ 7,074 Basic & Diluted income per share: Basic net income per share $ 0.61 $ 1.98 Diluted net income per share $ 0.60 $ 1.95 Weighted-average common shares outstanding: Basic 3,498,807 3,571,044 Diluted 3,571,207 3,636,944 See notes to consolidated financial statements. 30 PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY For The Years Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 (In thousands, except share data) Common Shares Number of Shares Amount Retained Earnings Total Balance at June 30, 2022 3,596,131 $ 7,682 $ 17,749 $ 25,431 Net income — — 7,074 7,074 ESPP shares issued 5,459 77 — 77 Shares issued in connection with performance award vesting 37,500 — — — Shares withheld from common stock issued to pay employee payroll taxes ( 13,859 ) ( 223 ) — ( 223 ) Exercise of stock options 6,500 12 — 12 Share-based compensation — 766 — 766 Share repurchases ( 86,422 ) ( 1,547 ) — ( 1,547 ) Balance at June 30, 2023 3,545,309 $ 6,767 $ 24,823 $ 31,590 Net income — — 2,127 2,127 ESPP shares issued 3,004 50 — 50 Share-based compensation — 605 — 605 Share repurchases ( 184,901 ) ( 3,505 ) — ( 3,505 ) Balance at June 30, 2024 3,363,412 $ 3,917 $ 26,950 $ 30,867 See notes to consolidated financial statements . 31 PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (In thousands) Years Ended June 30, 2024 2023 CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: Net income $ 2,127 $ 7,074 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation and amortization 1,160 857 Unrealized (gain) loss on marketable equity investments 4,125 ( 3,899 ) Gain on sale of investments — ( 6 ) Non-cash lease recovery ( 17 ) ( 2 ) Amortization of loan fees, net ( 13 ) 12 Share-based compensation 605 766 Deferred income taxes ( 1,563 ) 264 Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable ( 3,935 ) 5,432 Deferred costs 232 216 Inventory 898 ( 3,489 ) Prepaid expenses ( 49 ) 494 Accounts payable and accrued expenses 2,436 ( 1,153 ) Deferred revenue 14 ( 1,013 ) Income taxes payable 179 ( 91 ) Net cash provided by operating activities 6,199 5,462 CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: Purchases of equipment and improvements ( 983 ) ( 974 ) Proceeds from sale of investments — 89 Investment in Monogram ( 1,250 ) — Net cash used in investing activities ( 2,233 ) ( 885 ) CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: Principal payments on notes payable ( 4,816 ) ( 6,093 ) Borrowing from Minnesota Bank & Trust, net of loan origination fees 4,000 5,284 Repurchases of common stock ( 3,505 ) ( 1,547 ) Payments of employee taxes on net issuance of common stock — ( 223 ) Proceeds from exercise of stock options and ESPP contributions 50 89 Net cash used in financing activities ( 4,271 ) ( 2,490 ) Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents ( 305 ) 2,087 Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year 2,936 849 Cash and cash equivalents, end of year $ 2,631 $ 2,936 See notes to consolidated financial statements . 32 PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - CONTINUED (In thousands) Years Ended June 30, 2024 2023 Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: Cash paid during the period for: Income taxes, net of refunds $ 1,891 $ 1,655 Interest $ 555 $ 521 See notes to consolidated financial statements . 33 PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS We specialize in the design, development and manufacture of autoclavable, battery-powered and electric, multi-function surgical drivers and shavers used primarily in the orthopedic, thoracic, and craniomaxillofacial markets. We have patented adaptive torque-limiting technology and proprietary sealing solutions which appeal to our customers, primarily medical device distributors. We also manufacture and sell rotary air motors to a wide range of industries. In August 2020, we formed a wholly owned subsidiary, PDEX Franklin, LLC (“PDEX Franklin”), to hold title for an approximate 25,000 square foot industrial building in Tustin, California (the “Franklin Property”) that we acquired on November 6, 2020, in order to allow for the continued growth of our business. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and PDEX Franklin and all significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated. This subsidiary has no separate operations. 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES The summary of significant accounting policies presented below is designed to assist the reader in understanding our consolidated financial statements. Such consolidated financial statements and related notes are the representations of management, who is responsible for their integrity and objectivity. In the opinion of management, these accounting policies conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) in all material respects and have been consistently applied in preparing the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Net Sales Net sales consists of the sale of products and services, as well as shipping and handling billed to our customers and is net of volume rebates and discounts and excludes sales tax. Revenue Recognition Revenue from product sales is recognized as promulgated by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) in Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers once our contract(s) with a customer and the performance obligations in the contract have been identified, and the transaction price has been allocated to the performance obligations and revenue is recorded when (or as) we satisfy each performance obligation, generally upon shipment. Revenue from services, typically non-recurring engineering (“NRE”) services related to the design or customization of a medical device, is typically recognized over time. The customer funding for costs incurred for NRE services is deferred and subsequently recognized as revenue as under-lying products or services are delivered to the customers. Additionally, expenses incurred, up to the customer agreed funding amount, are deferred as an asset and recognized as cost of sales when the under-lying products or services are delivered to the customer. The deferred customer funding and costs result in recognition of deferred costs (asset) and deferred revenue (liability) on our consolidated balance sheets. One of our customer contracts can give rise to variable consideration due to volume rebates. We estimate variable consideration at the most likely amount we will receive from this customer. Our estimates of variable consideration are based on an assessment of our anticipated performance and all information (historical, current, and forecasted) that is reasonably available to us. Returns of our product for credit are minimal; accordingly, we do not establish a reserve for product returns at the time of sale. Cost of Sales Cost of sales consists primarily of the purchase price of goods and cost of services rendered including freight costs. Cost of sales also includes production labor and overhead costs for all of our manufacturing and assembly operations, which overhead includes all indirect labor and expenses associated with our inspection, warehousing, material planning and quality departments. 34 PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Estimated Losses on Product Development Services Cost and revenue estimates related to the product development service portions of development and supply contracts are reviewed and updated quarterly. An expected loss on development service contracts is recognized immediately in cost of sales. Losses recorded in fiscal 2024 and 2023 related to these services totaled $ 118,000 and $ 108,000 , respectively. Due to the complexity of many of the contracts we have undertaken, the cost estimation process requires significant judgment. It is based upon the knowledge and experience of our project managers, engineers, and finance professionals. Factors that are considered in estimating the cost of work to be completed and ultimate profitability of the fixed price product development portion of development and supply contracts include the nature and complexity of the work to be performed, availability and productivity of labor, the effect of change orders, the availability of materials, performance of subcontractors, and expected costs for specific regulatory approvals. Warranties Certain of our products are sold with a warranty that provides for repairs or replacement of any defective parts for a period, generally one to two years, after the sale. At the time of the sale, we accrue an estimate of the cost of providing the warranty based on prior experience with such factors as return rates and repair costs, which factors are reviewed quarterly. The warranty accrual is based on historical costs of warranty repairs and expected future identifiable warranty expenses and is included in accrued expenses in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Warranty expenses are included in cost of sales in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Changes in estimates to previously established warranty accruals result from current period updates to assumptions regarding repair costs and warranty return rates and are included in current period warranty expense. Cash and Cash Equivalents We consider all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of ninety days or less to be cash equivalents. At June 30, 2024 and 2023, cash equivalents consisted of investments in money market funds. Accounts Receivable Trade receivables are stated at their original invoice amounts, less an allowance for doubtful portions of such accounts represented by expected credit losses. Management determines the allowance for credit losses based on facts and circumstances related to specific accounts and the age of accounts. Trade receivables are written off when deemed uncollectible. Recoveries of trade receivables previously reserved are offset against the allowance when received. Leases Our operating lease consists solely of our corporate headquarters located in Irvine, California. We do not have any leases classified as financing leases. We classify arrangements meeting the definition of a lease as operating or financing leases, and leases are recorded on the consolidated balance sheets as both a right-of-use asset (“ROU”) and lease liability, calculated by discounting the fixed lease payments over the term of the lease term at the rate implicit in the lease or the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. Lease liabilities are increased by interest and reduced by payments each period, and the ROU asset is amortized over the lease term. For operating leases, interest on the lease liability and the amortization of the ROU asset result in straight-line rent expense over the lease term. Operating lease assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Variable lease expenses are recorded when incurred. We exclude short-term leases having an initial term of 12 month or less as an accounting policy election, and instead recognize rent expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. We assess the impairment of ROU assets when an event or change in circumstance indicates that the carrying value of such ROU assets may not be recoverable. If an event or a change in circumstance indicates that the carrying value of an ROU asset may not be recoverable and the estimated fair value attributable to the ROU asset is less than its carrying value, an impairment loss equal to the excess of the ROU’s carrying value over its estimated fair value is recognized. 35 PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Deferred Costs Deferred costs reflect costs incurred related to NRE services under the terms of the related development and/or supply contracts. These costs get recorded to cost of sales in the period that the revenue is recognized. Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or net realizable value. Cost includes materials, labor, and manufacturing overhead related to the purchase and production of inventories. Reductions to estimated market value are recorded and charged to cost of sales, when indicated based on a formula that compares on-hand quantities to both historical usage and estimated demand as of the measurement date. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate inventory for obsolescence and slow-moving items. This evaluation includes analysis of historical sales and usage, existing demand, as well as specific factors known to management. As of June 30, 2024 and 2023, there was approximately $ 275,000 and $ 637,000 , respectively, of inventory in-transit from suppliers. Investments Investments at June 30, 2024 and 2023, consist of marketable equity securities of publicly held companies. Investments at June 30, 2023 also included a warrant (the “Monogram Warrant”) to purchase common stock of a company whose common stock first became publicly traded in May 2023, which we exercised in the second quarter of fiscal 2024 (See Note 4). The investments were made to realize a reasonable return, although there is no assurance that positive returns will be realized. Investments are marked to market at each measurement date, with unrealized gains and losses presented separately within other income and expense on the consolidated income statement. All of our investments consist of common stocks of public companies that are either thinly traded or we hold a significant (in excess of 5%) interest in. These investments were subject to a valuation analysis as of June 30, 2024 and 2023. Long-lived Assets We review the recoverability of long-lived assets, consisting of the land and building that we own, equipment, and improvements, including leasehold improvements, when events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate carrying values may not be recoverable. Our building, equipment and improvements are recorded at historical cost and depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the following periods: Schedule of building, equipment and improvements Building Thirty years Equipment Three to ten years Improvements Shorter of the remaining life of the underlying building, lease term, or the asset’s estimated useful life Intangibles Intangibles consist of legal fees incurred in connection with patent applications. Our patent costs are being amortized over a period of four to seven years. The expense associated with the amortization of the patent costs is recognized in research and development costs. Income Taxes We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of our assets and liabilities along with net operating losses and tax credit carryovers. Net deferred tax assets or liabilities at both June 30, 2024 and 2023 consisted primarily of basis differences related to unrealized gain/loss related to investments, stock-based compensation, fixed assets, accrued expenses, and inventories. Our deferred tax assets also includes capitalization of our research expenditures as prescribed by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Significant management judgment is required in determining the provision for income taxes, the recoverability of deferred tax assets, and the extinguishment of deferred tax liabilities. Such determination is based on historical taxable income, with consideration given to estimates of future taxable income and the periods over which deferred tax assets will be recoverable and deferred tax liabilities will be extinguished. We record a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets to reduce the net carrying value to an amount that we believe is more likely than not to be realized. When we establish or reduce the valuation allowance against deferred tax assets, the provision for income taxes will increase or decrease, respectively, in the period such determination is made. 36 PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Uncertain Tax Positions We record uncertain tax positions in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 740 on the basis of a two-step process whereby (1) we determine whether it is more likely than not that the tax positions will be sustained on the basis of the technical merits of the position, and (2) for those tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, we recognize the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement with the related tax authority. Shipping and Handling Payments from customers for shipping and handling are included in net sales . Shipping expenses, consisting primarily of payments made to freight companies, are included in cost of sales. Concentration of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject us to credit risk consist principally of cash, cash equivalents, and trade receivables. We place our cash and cash equivalents with major financial institutions. At June 30, 2024 and 2023, and throughout the fiscal years then ended, we had deposits in excess of federally insured limits. Credit sales are made to medical device distributors, original equipment manufacturers, and resellers throughout the world, and sales to such customers account for a substantial portion of our trade receivables. While such receivables are not collateralized, we evaluate their collectability based on several factors including customers’ payment histories. Segment Reporting We have identified one business segment which management also considers to be one reporting unit as our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) allocates resources, assesses performance, and manages our business as one segment. We have reached this conclusion because 99% of our business relates to designing, manufacturing, and repairing medical devices. We primarily design, sell, and repair handheld medical devices and accessories. We provide medical devices, NRE and proto-type services, as well as repairs to all our customers and we utilize one machine shop and purchasing team to procure and manufacture all the products that we sell. Our CEO utilizes consolidated operating income to analyze our business operations. Compensation Plans We recognize compensation expense for the share-based awards that vest subject to market conditions under ASC 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation by estimating their fair value using a Monte Carlo simulation. The fair value using a Monte Carlo simulation model is affected by assumptions regarding a number of complex judgments including expected stock price volatility, risk free interest rates, and the forecasted future value and trading volume of our stock. The awards are considered granted for accounting purposes on the date the awards were approved by the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors and we recognize compensation expense, based on the estimated fair value of the award, on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Our operations are affected by numerous factors including market acceptance of our products, supply chain disruptions, changes in technologies, and new laws, government regulations, and policies. We cannot predict what impact, if any, the occurrence of these or other events might have on our operations. Significant estimates and assumptions made by management include, but are not limited to, revenue recognition, share-based compensation, the allowance for credit losses, accrued warranty expense, investments, inventory valuation, the carrying value of long-lived assets, and the recoverability/extinguishment of deferred income tax assets and liabilities. 37 PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Basic and Diluted Per Share Information Basic per share amounts are computed on the basis of the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during each period presented. Diluted per share amounts assume the issuance of all potential common stock equivalents, consisting of outstanding stock options and performance awards as discussed in Note 12, unless the effect of such exercise is to increase income, or decrease loss, per common share. Fair Value Measurements Fair value is measured based on the prices that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value measurements are based on a three-tier hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets; Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs for which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions. Cash and cash equivalents: The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents is considered to be representative of their fair values based on the short-term nature of these instruments. As such, cash and cash equivalents are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Investments: Investments consist of marketable equity securities of publicly held companies as well as, at June 30, 2023, a warrant (the Monogram Warrant) to purchase outstanding stock of a publicly traded company. Due to either the thinly traded nature of these stocks or our significant ownership percentage, in excess of 5% of shares outstanding, all of our investments are classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy as of June 30, 2024. Due to the lack of an active market for the Monogram Warrant, the estimated fair value of the warrant was measured using pricing models with no observable inputs and was therefore considered a Level 3 measurement within the valuation hierarchy. The fair value of all of our investments at June 30, 2024 and 2023 was based upon a valuation analysis. Although the methods above may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of the net realizable value or reflective of future fair values, we believe our valuation methods are appropriate. Advertising Advertising costs are charged to selling or general and administrative expense as incurred and amounted to $ 14,000 and $ 4,000 for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In March 2022, the FASB issued ASU No 2022-02 (Topic 326) Financial Instruments – Credit Losses to create a new model for credit losses that reflects current expected credit losses (“CECL”) over the lifetime of the underlying accounts receivable. The CECL methodology is applicable to our trade accounts receivable and our deferred costs. We adopted ASU 2022-02 effective July 1, 2023, and the adoption did not have a material impact on our financial statements. Recently Issued and Not Yet Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes: Improvements to Income Tas Disclosures (Topic 740) . ASU 2023-09 expands the existing rules on income tax disclosures. This update requires entities to disclose specific categories in the tax rate reconciliation, provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold and disclose additional information about income taxes paid on an annual basis. The new disclosure requirements are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating these new expanded disclosure requirements. In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting: Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (Topic280) which expands disclosure requirements to require entities to disclose significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to or easily computed from information regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker. This update also requires all annual disclosures currently required by Topic 280 to be disclosed in interim periods. The new disclosure requirements are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. Although our business, as currently operated, has only one segment, we are evaluating the new disclosure requirements to ensure compliance. 38 PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 3. NET SALES The following table presents the disaggregation of net sales by revenue recognition model (in thousands): Schedule of disaggregation of net sales Year ended June 30, 2024 2023 Net Sales: Over-time revenue recognition $ 786 $ 2,695 Point-in-time revenue recognition 53,058 43,392 Total net sales $ 53,844 $ 46,087 The timing of revenue recognition, billings, and cash collections results in billed accounts receivables, unbilled receivables (presented as deferred costs on our consolidated balance sheets) and customer advances and deposits (presented as deferred revenue on our consolidated balance sheets), where applicable. Amounts are generally billed as work progresses in accordance with agreed upon milestones. The over-time revenue recognition model consists of NRE and prototype services and typically relates to NRE services related to the evaluation, design or customization of a medical device and is typically recognized over time utilizing an input measure of progress based on costs incurred compared to the estimated total costs upon completion. During the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, we recorded $ 0 and $ 1 .0 million, respectively, of revenue that had been included in deferred revenue in the prior year. The revenue recognized from the contract liabilities consisted of satisfying our performance obligations during the normal course of business. The following tables summarize our contract assets and liability balances (in thousands): Schedule of contract assets and liability June 30, 2024 2023 Contract assets at beginning of year $ 494 $ 710 Expenses incurred during the year 502 1,545 Amounts reclassified to cost of sales ( 691 ) ( 1,710 ) Amounts allocated to discounts for standalone selling price ( 43 ) ( 51 ) Contract assets at end of year $ 262 $ 494 June 30, 2024 2023 Contract liabilities at beginning of year $ — $ 1,013 Payments received from customers 267 781 Amounts reclassified to revenue ( 253 ) ( 1,794 ) Contract liabilities at end of year $ 14 $ — 39 PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 4. COMPOSITION OF CERTAIN FINANCIAL STATEMENT ITEMS Investments Investments are stated at market value and consist of the following (in thousands): Schedule of investments Years Ended June 30, 2024 2023 Current: Marketable equity securities – short-term $ 4,217 $ 1,134 Long-term: Monogram Warrant — 6,160 Marketable equity securities – long-term 1,563 1,361 Total Investments $ 5,780 $ 8,655 Marketable equity securities at June 30, 2024 and 2023 had an aggregate cost basis of $ 3,964,000 and $ 2,714,000 , respectively. Both current and long-term marketable equity securities include equity securities of public companies that are thinly traded. We classified certain investments as long term in nature because even if we decide to sell the stocks, we may not be able to sell our position within one year. At June 30, 2024, the investments included net unrealized gains of $ 1.8 million (gross unrealized gains of $ 2.1 million offset by gross unrealized losses of $ 261,000 ). At June 30, 2023, the investments, excluding the Monogram Warrant, included net unrealized losses of $ 219,000 (gross unrealized losses of $ 286,000 offset by gross unrealized gains of $ 67,000 ). Of the total marketable equity securities at June 30, 2024 and 2023, $ 987,000 and $ 1,134,000 , respectively, represent an investment in the common stock of Air T, Inc. Two of our Board members, Messrs. Swenson and Cabillot, are also board members of Air T, Inc. and both either individually or through affiliates own an equity interest in Air T, Inc. Mr. Swenson, our Chairman, also serves as the chief executive officer and chairman of Air T, Inc. Another of our Board members is employed by Air T as its Chief of Staff. The shares have been purchased through 10b5-1 Plans that, in accordance with our internal policies regarding the approval of related-party transactions, were approved by our then three Board members that are not affiliated with Air T, Inc. On October 6, 2023, in conjunction with the execution of a supply agreement with Monogram Technologies Inc., formerly Monogram Orthopaedics Inc. (“Monogram”), we exercised the Monogram Warrant in full in cash totaling $ 1,250,000 and received 1,828,551 shares of Monogram common stock (NasdaqCM: MGRM). On the date of exercise our unrealized loss on the investment was approximately $ 38,000 . The fair value of the Monogram common stock of $ 3.2 million, is reflected in marketable equity securities – short term in the table above as of June 30, 2024. Our Chief Executive Officer, Richard Van Kirk (“Rick”), is also a Monogram board member. At June 30, 2023, the Monogram Warrant was exercisable into a total of 1,823,058 shares of Monogram’s outstanding stock. The estimated fair value of the Monogram Warrant at June 30, 2023 was $ 6,160,000 , using a Black-Scholes valuation model with the following assumptions: Schedule of assumptions used June 30, 2023 Stock Price (common) $ 3.98 Strike Price (common) $ .69 Time until expiration (years) 2.48 Volatility 60.0 % Risk-free interest rate 4.68 % We invest surplus cash from time to time through our Investment Committee, which is comprised of one management director, Mr. Van Kirk, and two non-management directors, Mr. Cabillot and Mr. Swenson, who chairs the committee. Both Mr. Cabillot and Mr. Swenson are active investors with extensive portfolio management expertise. We leverage the experience of these committee members to make investment decisions for the investment of our surplus operating capital or borrowed funds. Additionally, many of our securities holdings include stocks of public companies that either Messrs. Swenson or Cabillot or both may own from time to time either individually or through the investment funds that they manage, or other companies whose boards they sit on, such as Air T, Inc. 40 PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Inventory Inventory is stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out) or net realizable value and consists of the following (in thousands): Schedule of inventory June 30, 2024 2023 Raw materials /purchased components $ 6,703 $ 8,824 Work in process 5,103 3,686 Sub-assemblies /finished components 2,342 2,387 Finished goods 1,121 1,270 Total inventory $ 15,269 $ 16,167 Land and Building Land and building consist of the following (in thousands): Schedule of land and building June 30, 2024 2023 Land $ 3,684 $ 3,684 Building 2,815 2,815 Total 6,499 6,499 Less: accumulated depreciation ( 344 ) ( 250 ) $ 6,155 $ 6,249 On November 6, 2020, we acquired the Franklin Property for a total purchase price of $ 6.5 million, of which we paid $ 1.3 million in cash and the balance of $ 5.2 million we financed through Minnesota Bank & Trust (“MBT”) (See Note 7). We substantially completed the build-out of the property in the first quarter of fiscal 2022. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2023, we substantially completed all of our validation activities, and we moved our repairs and assembly departments to the new facility. The building is being amortized on a straight-line basis over a period of 30 years. Equipment and Improvements Equipment and improvements consist of the following (in thousands): Schedule of equipment and improvements June 30, 2024 2023 Office furnishings and fixtures $ 1,982 $ 1,957 Machinery and equipment 7,292 6,675 Automobiles 21 21 Improvements 4,993 4,737 Total 14,288 13,390 Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization ( 9,264 ) ( 8,311 ) $ 5,024 $ 5,079 Depreciation expense for the years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 amounted to $ 1,038,000 and $ 727,000 , respectively. During fiscal 2024 and 2023, fully depreciated assets in the amount of $ 85,000 and $ 760,000 , respectively, were retired. 41 PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Intangibles Intangibles consist of the following (in thousands): Schedule of intangibles June 30, 2024 2023 Patent-related costs $ 208 $ 208 Less accumulated amortization ( 154 ) ( 127 ) $ 54 $ 81 Amortization expense for the years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 amounted to $ 28,000 and $ 37,000 , respectively. Patent-related costs consist of legal fees incurred in connection with both patent applications and patent issuances, and will be amortized over the estimated life of the product(s) that is or will be utilizing the technology, or expensed immediately in the event the patent office denies the issuance of the patent. Future amortization expense is estimated to be no more than $ 30,000 per year and all remaining costs are expected to be fully amortized within two years. Accrued Liabilities Accrued liabilities consist of the following (in thousands): Schedule of accrued liabilities June 30, 2024 2023 Payroll and related items $ 668 $ 650 Accrued inventory in transit 276 637 Accrued legal and professional fees 301 216 Accrued bonuses 353 400 Current portion of lease liability 455 416 Warranty 277 200 Accrued customer rebate 840 480 Other 189 136 Total $ 3,359 $ 3,135 5. WARRANTY ACCRUAL Information relating to the accrual for warranty costs for the years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, is as follows (in thousands): Schedule of accrual warranty costs June 30, 2024 2023 Balance at beginning of year $ 200 $ 340 Accruals during the year 197 161 Change in estimates of prior period accruals 70 ( 109 ) Warranty amortization/utilization ( 190 ) ( 192 ) Balance at end of year $ 277 $ 200 Warranty expense relating to new product sales and changes to estimates was $ 267,000 and $ 52,000 , respectively, for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023. 42 PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 6. INCOME TAXES The provision for income taxes consists of the following amounts (in thousands): Schedule of provision for income taxes Years Ended June 30, 2024 2023 Current: Federal $ 1,493 $ 1,745 State 577 345 Deferred: Federal ( 1,210 ) 6 State ( 353 ) 258 Income tax expense $ 507 $ 2,354 The effective income tax rate from income from continuing operations differs from the United States statutory income tax rates for the reasons set forth in the table below (in thousands, except percentages). Schedule of reconciliation federal statutory income tax rates Years Ended June 30, 2024 2023 Amount Percent Pretax Income Amount Percent Pretax Income Income before income taxes $ 2,634 100 % $ 9,428 100 % Computed “expected” income tax expense on income before income taxes $ 553 21 % $ 1,979 21 % State tax, net of federal benefit 212 8 % 672 7 % Tax incentives ( 214 ) ( 8 %) ( 229 ) ( 2 %) Uncertain tax position ( 88 ) ( 3 %) ( 119 ) ( 1 %) Stock based compensation 2 — ( 114 ) ( 1 %) Other 42 1 % 165 1 % Income tax expense $ 507 19 % $ 2,354 25 % 43 PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Deferred income taxes reflect the net effects of loss and credit carryforwards and temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities for federal and state income taxes are as follows (in thousands): Schedule of deferred income tax assets and liabilities June 30, 2024 2023 Deferred tax assets: Federal and state NOL carryforward $ 23 $ 22 Research and other credits 65 65 Reserves 146 122 Accruals 309 267 Stock based compensation 1,008 814 Section 174 capitalization 738 830 Lease liability 488 599 Inventory 596 351 Deferred state tax 5 31 Total gross deferred tax assets $ 3,378 $ 3,101 Less: valuation allowance ( 90 ) ( 91 ) Total deferred tax assets 3,288 3,010 Deferred tax liabilities: Property and equipment, principally due to differing depreciation methods $ ( 675 ) $ ( 767 ) Right of use asset ( 439 ) ( 546 ) Deferred state tax ( 78 ) — Unrealized gains ( 541 ) ( 1,705 ) Total gross deferred tax liabilities ( 1,733 ) ( 3,018 ) Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) $ 1,555 $ ( 8 ) Realization of our deferred tax assets is dependent upon future earnings, if any, the timing and amount of which are uncertain. As of June 30, 2024, our deferred tax asset valuation allowance primarily consists of state net operating loss carryforwards for states in which we have filed a final return. For the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, we recorded a net decrease to our valuation allowance of $ 1,000 and $ 7,000 , respectively, on the basis of management’s reassessment of the amount of our deferred tax assets that are more likely than not to be realized. As of June 30, 2024, we did not have any net operating losses for federal and state income tax purposes for state jurisdictions in which we currently operate. We have no federal or state research and development and alternative minimum tax credit carry forwards at June 30, 2024. As of June 30, 2024, we have accrued $ 262,000 of unrecognized tax benefits related to federal and state income tax matters that would reduce our income tax expense if recognized. If we are eventually able to recognize our uncertain tax positions, our effective tax rate would be reduced. Any adjustment to our uncertain tax positions would result in a cash outlay. 44 PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Information with respect to our accrual for unrecognized tax benefits is as follows (in thousands): Schedule of accrual unrecognized tax benefits June 30, 2024 2023 Unrecognized tax benefits: Beginning balance $ 345 $ 509 Additions based on federal tax positions related to the current year 15 16 Additions based on state tax positions related to the current year 17 19 Additions (reductions) for tax positions of prior years 3 ( 95 ) Reductions due to lapses in statutes of limitation ( 118 ) ( 104 ) Ending balance $ 262 $ 345 Although it is reasonably possible that certain unrecognized tax benefits may increase or decrease within the next twelve months due to tax examinations, settlement activities, expirations of statute of limitations, or the impact on recognition and measurement considerations related to the results of published tax cases or other similar activities, we do not anticipate any significant changes to unrecognized tax benefits over the next twelve months. We recognize accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense when applicable. As of June 30, 2024, $ 41,000 of interest applicable to our unrecognized tax benefits have been accrued. We are subject to U.S. federal income tax, as well as income tax of California, Colorado, and Massachusetts. We are currently open to audit under the statute of limitations by the Internal Revenue Service for the years ended June 30, 2021, and later. However, because of our prior net operating losses and research credit carryovers, our tax years from June 30, 2013, are open to audit. 7. NOTES PAYABLE AND FINANCING TRANSACTIONS Minnesota Bank & Trust On November 6, 2020 (the “Closing Date”), PDEX Franklin, a newly created wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, purchased the Franklin Property. A portion of the purchase price was financed by a loan from MBT to PDEX Franklin in the principal amount of approximately $ 5.2 million (the “Property Loan”) pursuant to a Loan Agreement, dated as of the Closing Date, between PDEX Franklin and MBT (the “Property Loan Agreement”) and corresponding Term Note (the “Property Note”) issued by PDEX Franklin in favor of MBT on the Closing Date. The Property Loan is secured by the Franklin Property pursuant to a Deed of Trust with Assignment of Leases and Rents, Security Agreement and Fixture Filing in favor of MBT (the “Deed”) and by an Assignment of Leases and Rents by PDEX Franklin in favor of MBT (the “Rents Assignment”). We paid loan origination fees to MBT on the Closing Date in the amount of $ 26,037 . The Property Loan bears interest at a fixed rate of 3.55 % per annum, which is subject to a 3% increase upon an event of default. Accrued interest was paid on December 1, 2020, and both principal and interest in the amount of approximately $ 30,000 are due and payable on the first day of each subsequent month until the maturity date of November 1, 2030 (the “Maturity Date”), at which time a balloon payment in the amount of $ 3.1 million is due. Any prepayment of the Property Loan (other than monthly scheduled interest and principal payments), is subject to a prepayment fee equal to 4% of the principal amount prepaid for any prepayment made during the first or second year, 3% of the principal amount prepaid for any prepayment made during the third or fourth year, 2% of the principal amount prepaid for any prepayment made during the fifth or sixth year, and 1% of the principal amount prepaid for any prepayment made during the seventh or eighth year . The Property Loan Agreement, Property Note, Deed, and Rents Assignment each contain representations, warranties, covenants, and events of default that are customary for a loan of this type. The balance owed on the Property Loan at June 30, 2024 is $ 4,551,000 . 45 PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS On the Closing Date, we also entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement with MBT (the “Amended Credit Agreement”), providing for a $ 7,525,000 amended and restated term loan (the “Term Loan A”), a $ 1,000,000 term loan (the “Term Loan B”), and a $ 2,000,000 amended and restated revolving loan, evidenced by an Amended and Restated Term Note A (“Term Note A”), a Term Note B, and an Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Note (the “Revolving Note”) made by us in favor of MBT. The Term Note A had an outstanding principal balance of $ 3,770,331 as of the Closing Date and could be borrowed against through May 30, 2021 (the “Commitment Period”). During the third quarter ended March 31, 2021, we borrowed an additional $ 3,000,000 against Term Note A for the purpose of repurchasing our common stock as described in Note 13. The Term Note B had a zero balance as of the Closing Date and we borrowed the full $ 1,000,000 during the third quarter ended March 31, 2021, for the purpose of making improvements to the Franklin property described in Note 4. The Term Loan A matures on November 1, 2027 and bears interest at a fixed rate of 3.84 % per annum. Initial payments on the Term Loan A of interest only were due on December 1, 2020 through June 1, 2021. Commencing July 1, 2021 and continuing on the first day of each month thereafter until the maturity date, we are required to make payments of principal and interest on Term Loan A of approximately $ 97,000 plus any additional accrued and unpaid interest through the date of payment. The balance owed on Term Loan A as of June 30, 2024, is $ 3,834,000 . The Term Loan B matures on November 1, 2027 and bears interest at a fixed rate of 3.84 % per annum. Initial payments on the Term Loan B of interest only were due on December 1, 2020 through June 1, 2021. Commencing July 1, 2021 and continuing on the first day of each month thereafter until the maturity date, we are required to make payments of principal and interest on Term Loan B of approximately $ 15,000 , plus any additional accrued and unpaid interest through the date of payment. As of March 31, 2021, we had drawn fully against Term Note B and the balance outstanding on Term Note B was $ 571,000 on June 30, 2024. On December 29, 2022 (the “Second Amendment Date”), we entered into Amendment No. 2 to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Second Amendment”) with MBT, which amends the Amended Credit Agreement and provides for a supplemental line of credit in the amount of $ 3,000,000 (the “Supplemental Loan”). The Supplemental Loan is evidenced by a Supplemental Revolving Credit Note (the “Supplemental Note”) made by us in favor of MBT. The purpose of the Supplemental Loan is for financing acquisitions and repurchasing shares of our common stock. The Supplemental Loan may be borrowed against from time to time through its maturity date of December 29, 2024 , on the terms set forth in the Amended Credit Agreement. As of June 30, 2024, no amounts have been drawn against the Supplemental Loan. The Revolving Loan was also amended (the “Amended Revolving Loan”) in connection with the Second Amendment to extend the maturity date from November 5, 2023 to December 29, 2024 , to increase the Revolving Loan facility from $ 2,000,000 to $ 7,000,000 , and to increase the interest rate on the Revolving Loan (as described below), evidenced by an Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Note (the “Amended Revolving Note”) made by us in favor of MBT. The Amended Revolving Loan may be borrowed against from time to time by us through its maturity date on the terms set forth in the Amended Credit Agreement. As of June 30, 2024, we had drawn $ 3,000,000 against the Amended Revolving Loan. Loan origination fees in the amount of $ 16,000 were paid to MBT in conjunction with the Amended Revolving Loan and the Supplemental Loan. The Amended Revolving Loan and Supplemental Loan bear interest at an annual rate equal to the greater of (a) 5.0 % or (b) SOFR for a one-month period from the website of the CME Group Benchmark Administration Limited plus 2.5% (the “Adjusted Term SOFR Rate”). Commencing on the first day of each month after we initially borrow against the Amended Revolving Loan and/or the Supplemental Loan and each month thereafter until maturity, we are required to pay all accrued and unpaid interest on the Amended Revolving Loan and Supplemental Loan through the date of payment. Any principal on the Amended Revolving Loan and/or Supplemental Loan that is not previously prepaid shall be due and payable in full on the maturity date (or earlier termination of the Amended Revolving Loan and/or Supplemental Loan). On December 29, 2023, we entered into Amendment No. 3 to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, which extended the maturity date of the Amended Revolving Loan and the Supplemental Loan from December 29, 2024, to December 29, 2025. 46 PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Any payment on the Term Loan A, the Term Loan B, the Amended Revolving Loan or the Supplemental Loan (collectively, the “Loans”) not made within seven days after the due date is subject to a late payment fee equal to 5 % of the overdue amount. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an event of default, the interest rate of all Loans will be increased by 3 % and MBT may, at its option, declare all of the Loans immediately due and payable in full. The Loans are secured by substantially all of our assets pursuant to a Security Agreement entered into between us and MBT on September 6, 2018. The Amended Credit Agreement, Security Agreement, Term Note A, Term Note B, Amended Revolving Note and Supplemental Note contain representations and warranties, affirmative, negative and financial covenants, and events of default that are customary for loans of this type. We believe that we are in compliance with all of our debt covenants as of June 30, 2024, but there can be no assurance that we will remain in compliance for the duration of the term of these loans. Scheduled principal maturities of our loans, assuming repayment of the Amended Revolving Loan in full next fiscal year and exclusive of unamortized loan origination fees in the amount of $ 46,000 , for future fiscal years ending June 30 are as follows (in thousands): Schedule of maturities of term loan for future fiscal years Term Loan Principal Payments Fiscal Year: 2025 $ 4,398 2026 1,451 2027 1,508 2028 908 2029 235 Thereafter 3,456 Total principal payments $ 11,956 8. LEASES Our operating lease ROU asset and long-term liability are presented separately on our consolidated balance sheet. The current portion of our operating lease liability, exclusive of imputed interest, as of June 30, 2024, in the amount of $ 455,000 , is presented within accrued expenses on the consolidated balance sheet. As of June 30, 2024, the maturity of our lease liability is as follows: Schedule of maturities of lease liabilities Operating Lease Fiscal Year: 2025 $ 535 2026 551 2027 567 2028 143 Total lease payments 1,796 Less imputed interest: ( 158 ) Total $ 1,638 As of June 30, 2024 and 2023, our operating lease has a remaining lease term of 3.25 years and 4.25 years, respectively, and an imputed interest rate of 5.3 %. Our lease agreement does not provide an implicit rate and, as a result, we used our estimated incremental borrowing rate at the time we adopted ASC 842 to determine the present value of future lease payments. Cash paid for amounts included in the lease liability for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 was $ 519,000 and $ 504,000 , respectively. 9. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES Leases We lease our office, production, and warehouse facility in Irvine, California (our “corporate office”) under an agreement that expires in September 2027. Our corporate office lease requires us to pay insurance, taxes, and other expenses related to the leased space. Rent expense in fiscal 2024 and 2023 was $ 559,000 and $ 563,000 , respectively. 47 PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Compensation Arrangements Retirement Savings 401(k) Plan The Pro-Dex, Inc. Retirement Savings 401(k) Plan (the “401(k) Plan”) is a defined contribution plan we administer that covers substantially all our employees and is subject to the provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended. Employees are eligible to participate in the 401(k) Plan when they have attained 19 years of age and then can enter into the 401(k) Plan on the first day of each calendar quarter. Participants are eligible to receive non-discretionary matching contributions by the Company equal to 25 % of their contributions up to 5 % of eligible compensation through December 15, 2022 and 50 % of their contributions up to 5 % of eligible compensation thereafter. For the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, we recognized compensation expense amounting to $ 188,000 and $ 164,000 , respectively, in connection with the 401(k) Plan. During our fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, we used approximately $ 63,000 and $ 13,000 , respectively, of forfeited match contributions to reduce our match expense. Legal Matters We may be involved in legal proceedings arising either in the ordinary course of our business or incidental to our business. There can be no certainty, however, that we may not ultimately incur liability or that such liability will not be material or adverse. 10. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION Stock Option Plans Through 2014, we had two equity compensation plans, the Second Amended and Restated 2004 Stock Option Plan (the “Employee Stock Option Plan”) and the Amended and Restated 2004 Directors’ Stock Option Plan (the “Directors’ Stock Option Plan”) (collectively, the “Former Stock Option Plans”). The Employee Stock Option Plan and Director’s Stock Option Plan were terminated in June 2014 and December 2014, respectively. No options were granted under the Former Stock Option Plans during the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 and all remaining outstanding stock options were exercised during fiscal 2023. In September 2016, our Board approved the establishment of the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan, which was approved by our shareholders at our 2016 Annual Meeting. The 2016 Equity Incentive Plan provides for the award of up to 1,500,000 shares of our common stock in the form of incentive stock options, nonstatutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted shares, restricted stock units, performance awards, and other stock-based awards. Performance Awards In December 2017, the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors granted 200,000 performance awards to our employees under the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan, which upon vesting will generally be paid in shares of our common stock. Whether any performance awards vest, and the amount that does vest, is tied to the completion of service periods that range from 7 months to 9.5 years at inception and the achievement of our common stock trading at certain pre-determined prices. The weighted-average fair value of the performance awards granted was $ 4.46 , calculated using the weighted-average fair market value for each award, using a Monte Carlo simulation. In February 2020, the Compensation Committee reallocated 48,000 previously forfeited awards, having the same remaining terms and conditions, to certain current employees. The weighted average fair value of the performance awards granted in fiscal 2020 was $ 16.90 , calculated using the weighted-average fair market value for each award, using a Monte Carlo simulation. In December 2021, the Compensation Committee reallocated an additional 17,500 previously forfeited awards, having the same remaining terms and conditions, to other employees. The weighted average fair value of the performance awards reallocated in 2021 was $ 20.34 , calculated using the weighted average fair market value for each award, using a Monte Carlo simulation. In October 2023, the Compensation Committee reallocated an additional 15,200 previously forfeited awards, having the same remaining terms and conditions, to other employees. The weighted average fair value of the performance awards reallocated in 2023 was $ 10.04 , calculated using the weighted average fair market value for each award, using a Monte Carlo simulation. We recorded share-based compensation expense of $ 106,000 in each of the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, related to these performance awards. We recognize forfeitures for our performance awards as they occur. On June 30, 2024, there was approximately $ 55,000 of unrecognized compensation cost related to these non-vested performance awards expected to be expensed over the weighted-average period of 1.0 years. 48 PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS On July 1, 2022, it was determined by the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors that the vesting of performance awards for 37,500 shares of common stock had been achieved. Each participant elected a net issuance to cover their individual withholding taxes and therefore we issued 23,641 shares and paid $ 223,000 of participant-related payroll tax liabilities. The following is a summary of performance awards activity for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023: Schedule of summary of stock option activity 2024 2023 Number of Shares Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value Number of Shares Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value Outstanding at July 1, 64,800 $ 7.03 117,500 $ 8.52 Granted 15,200 10.04 — — Vested — — ( 37,500 ) 7.84 Forfeited — — ( 15,200 ) 16.54 Outstanding at June 30 80,000 $ 7.00 64,800 $ 7.03 Non-Qualified Stock Options In December 2020, the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors granted 310,000 non-qualified stock options to our directors and certain employees under the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan. Whether any stock options vest, and the amount that does vest, is tied to the completion of service periods that range from 18 months to 10.5 years at inception and the achievement of our common stock trading at certain pre-determined prices. We recorded compensation expense of $ 490,000 and $ 647,000 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, related to these options. The weighted average fair value of the stock option awards granted was $ 16.72 , calculated using a Monte Carlo simulation. We recognize forfeitures for our non-qualified stock options as they occur. As of June 30, 2024, there was approximately $ 1.6 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to these non-vested non-qualified stock options. In February 2021, the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors granted 62,000 non-qualified stock options to our directors and certain employees under the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan. Whether any stock options vest, and the amount that does vest, was tied to the completion of service periods that ranged from 4 months to 1.3 years at inception and the achievement of our common stock trading at certain pre-determined prices. Of these 62,000 stock options, 57,750 vested on July 1, 2021, as our common stock met the pre-determined prices set forth in the underlying agreements. We recorded compensation expense of $ 182,000 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021 related to these options. The weighted average fair value of the stock option awards granted was $ 3.16 , calculated using a Monte Carlo simulation. In December 2021, the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors granted 5,000 previously forfeited non-qualified stock options to another employee. The following is a summary of non-qualified stock option activity under the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 and 2023: Schedule of summary of stock option activity 2024 2023 Number of Shares Weighted-Average Exercise Price Number of Shares Weighted-Average Exercise Price Outstanding at July 1, 298,937 $ 42.19 346,500 $ 41.83 Options granted — — — — Options exercised — — — — Options forfeited ( 31,187 ) 42.88 ( 47,563 ) 39.60 Outstanding at June 30 267,750 $ 42.11 298,937 $ 42.19 Stock Options Exercisable at June 30, 57,750 $ 27.50 57,750 $ 27.50 49 PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Employee Stock Purchase Plan In September 2014, our Board approved the establishment of an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”). The ESPP conforms to the provisions of Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code, has coterminous offering and purchase periods of six months, and bases the pricing at which participant’s purchase shares of our common stock on a formula so as to result in a per share purchase price that approximates a 15% discount from the market price of a share of our common stock at the end of the purchase period . Our Board of Directors also approved the provision that shares formerly reserved for issuance under the Former Stock Option Plans in excess of shares issuable pursuant to outstanding options, aggregating 704,715 shares, be reserved for issuance pursuant to the ESPP. The ESPP was approved by our shareholders at our 2014 Annual Meeting. On February 2, 2015, the Company filed a Registration Statement on Form S-8 registering the 704,715 shares issuable under the ESPP under the Securities Act of 1933. In October 2023, our Board approved an amendment to the ESPP (the “ESPP Amendment”), which extended the term of the ESPP for an additional ten years from January 2025 to January 2035. The ESPP Amendment was approved by our shareholders at our 2023 Annual Meeting. During the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, shares totaling 3,004 and 5,459 , respectively, were purchased pursuant to the ESPP and allocated to participating employees based upon their contributions at weighted- average prices of $ 16.64 and $ 14.21 , respectively. On a cumulative basis, since the inception of the ESPP, employees have purchased a total of 35,502 shares. During the fiscal years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, we recorded stock compensation expense in the amount of $ 9,000 and $ 14,000 , respectively, relating to the ESPP. 11. MAJOR CUSTOMERS & SUPPLIERS Customers that accounted for more than 10% of our total sales in either of fiscal year 2024 or 2023, is as follows (in thousands, except percentages): Schedule of sales by major customers Years Ended June 30, 2024 2023 Amount Percent of Total Amount Percent of Total Net sales $ 53,844 100 % $ 46,087 100 % Customer concentration: Customer 1 $ 38,159 71 % $ 30,892 67 % Customer 2 6,502 12 % 7,583 16 % Total $ 44,661 83 % $ 38,475 83 % Information with respect to accounts receivable from those customers who comprised more than 10% of our gross accounts receivable at either June 30, 2024 or June 30, 2023 is as follows (in thousands, except percentages): Schedule of accounts receivable, inventory purchases and accounts payable of major customers and suppliers June 30, 2024 June 30, 2023 Total gross accounts receivable $ 13,887 100 % $ 9,952 100 % Customer concentration: Customer 1 $ 10,488 76 % $ 7,231 73 % Customer 2 2,423 17 % 1,951 19 % Total $ 12,911 93 % $ 9,182 92 % 50 PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS During fiscal 2024 and 2023, we had three and four suppliers, respectively, that accounted for more than 10% of total inventory purchases, as follows (in thousands, except percentages): June 30, 2024 June 30, 2023 Total inventory purchases $ 20,926 100 % $ 19,835 100 % Supplier concentration: Supplier 1 $ 5,004 24 % $ 4,595 23 % Supplier 2 2,401 11 % 2,406 12 % Supplier 3 3,351 16 % 2,135 11 % Supplier 4 158 1 % 2,059 10 % Total. $ 10,914 52 % $ 11,195 56 % Information with respect to accounts payable due to our top three suppliers at June 30, 2024 or June 30, 2023 is as follows (in thousands, except percentages): June 30, 2024 June 30, 2023 Total accounts payable $ 4,513 100 % $ 2,261 100 % Supplier concentration: Supplier 1 $ 1,405 31 % $ 620 27 % Supplier 3 416 9 % 158 7 % Supplier 2 371 8 % 41 2 % Total. $ 2,192 48 % $ 819 36 % 12. NET INCOME PER SHARE We calculate basic earnings per share by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted earnings per share reflects the effects of potentially dilutive securities. The summary of the basic and diluted earnings per share calculations for the years ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 is as follows (in thousands, except per share data): Schedule of net income per share Years Ended June 30, 2024 2023 Basic: Net income $ 2,127 $ 7,074 Weighted-average shares outstanding 3,499 3,571 Basic earnings per share $ 0.61 $ 1.98 Diluted: Net income $ 2,127 $ 7,074 Weighted-average shares outstanding 3,499 3,571 Effect of dilutive securities – stock options & performance awards 72 66 Weighted-average shares used in calculation of diluted earnings per share 3,571 3,637 Diluted earnings per share $ 0.60 $ 1.95 51 PRO-DEX, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 13. COMMON STOCK – Share Repurchase Program In December 2019, our Board approved a new share repurchase program authorizing us to repurchase up to one million shares of our common stock, as the prior repurchase plan authorized by our Board in 2013 was nearing completion. In accordance with, and as part of, these shares repurchase programs, our Board approved the adoption of several prearranged share repurchase plans intended to qualify for the safe harbor provided by Rule 10b5-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“10b5-1 Plan” or “Plan”). During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, we repurchased 184,901 shares at an aggregate cost, inclusive of fees under the Plan, of $ 3.5 million. During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, we repurchased 86,422 shares at an aggregate cost, inclusive of fees under the Plan, of $ 1.5 million. On a cumulative basis, since 2013 we have repurchased a total of 1,381,349 shares under the share repurchase programs at an aggregate cost, inclusive of fess under the Plan, of $ 20.7 million. All repurchases under the 10b5-1 Plans were administered through an independent broker. 14. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS On July 31, 2024 (the “Fourth Amendment Date”), we entered into Amendment No. 4 to our Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Fourth Amendment”) with MBT which amends the Company’s Amended Credit Agreement. The Fourth Amendment (i) provides for a new term loan, Term Loan C, in the amount of $ 5,000,000 , (ii) uses the proceeds from Term Loan C to repay the entire $ 3,000,000 balance that was outstanding on the Fourth Amendment Date under the Amended Revolving Loan, and (iii) terminates the Supplemental Loan, under which no amounts had been drawn. Loan origination fees in the amount of $ 10,000 were paid to MBT in conjunction with Term Loan C. 52 ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE None.