OZOP ENERGY SOLUTIONS, INC. 10-Q

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. The following is management’s discussion and analysis of certain significant factors that have affected our financial position and operating results during the periods included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements, as well as information relating to the plans of our current management. This report includes forward-looking statements. Generally, the words “believes,” “anticipates,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “intend,” “estimate,” “continue,” and similar expressions or the negative thereof or comparable terminology are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties, including the matters set forth in this report or other reports or documents we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission from time to time, which could cause actual results or outcomes to differ materially from those projected. Undue reliance should not be placed on these forward-looking statements which speak only as of the date hereof. We undertake no obligation to update these forward-looking statements. While our financial statements are presented on the basis that we are a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business over a reasonable length of time, our auditors have raised a substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. Although the Company believes that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, the Company cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements. Except as required by applicable law, including the securities laws of the United States, the Company does not intend to update any of the forward-looking statements to conform these statements to actual results. Our financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). These accounting principles require us to make certain estimates, judgments, and assumptions. We believe that the estimates, judgments, and assumptions upon which we rely are reasonable based upon information available to us at the time that these estimates, judgments, and assumptions are made. These estimates, judgments, and assumptions can affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods presented. Our financial statements would be affected to the extent there are material differences between these estimates. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our unaudited financial statements and the related notes that appear elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. 3 THE COMPANY Ozop Energy Solutions, Inc. (the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our”) was originally incorporated as Newmarkt Corp. on July 17, 2015, under the laws of the State of Nevada. On December 11, 2020, the Company formed Ozop Energy Systems, Inc. (“OES”), a Nevada corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. OES was formed to be a manufacturer and distributor of renewable energy products. On October 29, 2020, the Company formed a new wholly owned subsidiary, Ozop Surgical Name Change Subsidiary, Inc., a Nevada corporation (“Merger Sub”). The Merger Sub was formed under the Nevada Revised Statutes for the sole purpose and effect of changing the Company’s name to “Ozop Energy Solutions, Inc.” That same day the Company entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) with the Merger Sub and filed Articles of Merger (the “Articles of Merger”) with the Nevada Secretary of State, merging the Merger Sub into the Company, which were stamped effective as of November 3, 2020. As permitted by the Section 92.A.180 of the Nevada Revised Statutes, the sole purpose and effect of the filing of Articles of Merger was to change the name of the Company from Ozop Surgical Corp. to “Ozop Energy Solutions, Inc.” On August 19, 2021, the Company formed Ozop Capital Partners, Inc. (“Ozop Capital”), a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company and was formed as a holding company. On October 29, 2021, EV Insurance Company, Inc. (“EVCO”) was formed as a captive insurer that reinsures in the State of Delaware. EVCO (DBA “OZOP Plus”) is a wholly owned subsidiary of Ozop Capital. OES is actively engaged in the renewable, electric vehicle (“EV”), energy storage and energy resiliency sectors. We are engaged in multiple business lines that include project development as well as equipment distribution. Our solar and energy storage projects involve large-scale battery and solar photovoltaics (PV) installations. Our utility-scale storage business model is based on an arbitrage business model in which we install multiple 1+ megawatt batteries, charge them with off-peak grid electricity under contract with the utility, then sell the power back during peak load hours at a premium, as dictated by prevailing electricity tariffs. Equipment Distributor: OES has entered the component supply/distribution side of the renewable, resiliency and energy storage industries distributing the core components associated with residential and commercial solar PV systems as well as onsite battery storage and power generation. In April 2021, the Company signed a five-year lease (beginning June 1, 2021) of approximately 8,100 SF in California, for office and warehouse space to support the sales and distribution of our west coast operations. The components we are distributing include PV panels, solar inverters, solar mounting systems, stationary batteries, onsite generators and other associated electrical equipment and components that are all manufactured by multiple companies, both domestic and international. These core products are sourced from management-developed relationships and are distributed through our existing network and our in-house sales team. Solar PV: Our PV business model involves the design and construction of electrical generating PV systems that can sell power to the utilities or be used for off grid use as part of our developing Neo-Grids solution. The Neo-Grid TM System, patent pending, was developed for the off-grid distribution of electricity to remove or reduce the dependency on utilities that currently burdens the EV Charging sectors. It will also reduce or eliminate the lengthy permitting processes and streamline the installation of those EV chargers. Modular Energy Distribution System: The Neo-Grid TM System patent pending, consists of the design, engineering, installation, and operational methodologies as well as the financial arbitrage of how we produce, capture and distribute electrical energy for the EV markets. OES has acquired through a license the rights to a proprietary system, the Neo-Grids TM System (patent pending), for the capture and distribution of electrical energy for the EV market. The Neo-Grids TM System will serve both the private auto and the commercial sectors. The exponential growth of the EV industry has been accelerated by the recent major commitments of most of the major car manufacturers. Our Neo-Grids TM System leverages this accelerated growth by offering (1) charging locations that can be rapidly installed in restricted areas or load limits and (2) EV charger electricity that is produced from renewable sources having little to no carbon footprint. 4 OES has developed a business plan for the Neo Grid TM distribution system, a solution to alleviate the stress on the existing grid-tied infrastructure. The Company has completed its’ Neo Grid TM research and development as well as the first stage that includes the specifications and engineered technical drawings. This completion of the first stage of allows us to move forward with stage two, as well as to begin to construct the first prototype or proof of concept, (“PoC”). Our PoC design is partially reliant on auto manufacturers establishing standardizations of the actual charging/discharging protocols of the batteries such as on-board inverters as well as bi-directional capabilities in electric vehicles, which have only recently been established. As the market growth rate of EV’s continues to rise, the stress on the existing grid-tied infrastructure shows the need for the continued development of our Neo-Grid TM System as a viable solution. OES management has decades of experience in the renewable, storage and resilient energy businesses and associated markets, which include but are not limited to project finance, project development, equipment finance, construction, utility protocol, regulatory policy and technology assessment. Ozop Plus markets vehicle service contracts (“VSC’s”) for electric vehicles (EV’s) that offer consumers to be able to purchase additional months and miles above the manufacturer’s warranty and to also bring added value to EV owners by utilizing our partnerships and strengths in the energy market to offer unique and innovative services. Among EV owners’ concerns are the EV battery repair and replacement costs, range anxiety, environmental responsibilities, roadside assistance, and the accelerated wear on additional components that EV vehicles experience. Management believes that the Ozop Plus marketed VSC’s will give “peace of mind” to the EV buyer. ● In May 2022, the Company entered into an agreement with GS Administrators, Inc., a member of Houston-based GSFSGroup. Under the agreement, the Company will market GSFSGroup’s EV VSC’s in all states (except, California, Florida, Massachusetts, and Washington) to Ozop’s network of new and used franchised dealerships and other eligible entities. In addition to acting as an agent for the marketing, Ozop also has the right to white label the product under its’ Ozop Plus brand. Ozop’s role won’t be limited to marketing the product. GSFSGroup plans to tap into Ozop’s experience relative to battery collection and disposal and has agreed to insurance risk sharing in connection with the insurance policies that back the VSC’s. GSFSGroup is working on getting the approvals needed for the above four (4) states. ● On June 22, 2022, the Company entered into an Agent Agreement with Royal Administration Services, Inc. (“Royal”). Under the agreement, the Company will market Royal’s EV VSC’s and has the right to white label it under Ozop Plus. Royal has agreed to allow Ozop Plus on all VSC’s, marketed by Royal and the Company, to assume all the risk related to the electric battery at an agreed upon premium. The battery premium is dependent on the consumer’s selection of the duration of the VSC, the miles selected for coverage and the type of vehicle that the consumer has purchased, with a key component being the kWh size of the battery. These VSC’s have a maximum of 10 years and 150,000 miles and cover new and used cars from model year 2017 and newer. Royal’s VSCs are now effective in all 50 states. ● On October 13, 2022, EVCO entered a Reinsurance Contract (the “Contract”) with American Bankers Insurance Company of Florida (“ABIC” or the “Ceding Company”). Royal is the Administrator of the Contract. Pursuant to the terms of the Contract, ABIC will cede 100% of the battery coverage portion of all electric vehicle service contracts to EVCO. On the same date ABIC and EVCO also entered into a Trust Agreement, whereas EVCO as the reinsurer agrees to deposit an amount equal to unearned premium reserves, plus losses reported but unpaid, plus the estimated amount of losses incurred but not reported to the trust account. Permissible investments (with a maturity of no more than five (5) years) of the assets of the Trust account include: ○ U.S. Treasury Securities ○ Cash or cash instruments ○ U.S agency issues ○ Other investments as Ceding Company approves 5 On February 25, 2022, the Company formed Ozop Engineering and Design, Inc. (“OED”) a Nevada corporation, as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. OED was formed to become a premier engineering and lighting control design firm. OED offers product and design support for lighting and solar projects with a focus on fast lead times and technical support. OED and our partners can offer the resources needed for lighting, solar and electrical design projects. OED will provide its’ customers systems to coordinate the understanding of electrical usage with the relationship between lighting design and lighting controls, by developing more efficient ecofriendly designs by working with architects, engineers, facility managers, electrical contractors and engineers. Discontinued Operations On September 1, 2022, the BOD of the Company authorized the filing of a Chapter 7 proceeding which meets the definition of a discontinued operation. Accordingly, the operating results of PCTI are reported as income (loss) from discontinued operations in the accompanying consolidated financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, and 2022. Results of Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, and 2022: Revenue For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company generated revenue of $172,559 and 4,205,083, respectively, compared to $3,928,918 and $11,614,117 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. Revenues from Ozop Energy Systems, Inc. (“OES”) are classified as sourced and distributed products. Ozop Engineering and Design (“OED”) operations began in the quarter ended June 30, 2022, and are classified as design and installation. Sales are summarized as follows: Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, 2023 2022 2023 2022 Sourced and distributed products $ 155,009 $ 3,907,318 $ 4,127,633 $ 11,576,017 Design and installation 17,550 21,600 77,450 38,100 Total $ 172,559 $ 3,928,918 $ 4,205,083 $ 11,614,117 Sales of sourced and distributed products (solar product) were lower for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to the same periods in 2022. The Company believes the lower revenues were due to higher interest rates affecting homeowners’ ability and desire for residential rooftop solar installations as well as competitors lowering their selling prices to try to capture a part of the lower demand. These factors also resulted in our customers having excess inventory on hand and the cancellation of orders. Cost of sales For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recognized $126,438 and $4,255,030, respectively, of cost of sales, compared to $3,598,134 and $10,634,170 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, 2023 2022 2023 2022 Sourced and distributed products $ 126,438 $ 3,598,134 $ 3,630,030 $ 10,634,170 Inventory write down - - 625,000 - $ 126,438 $ 3,598,134 $ 4,255,030 $ 10,634,170 During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company reviewed its inventory valuation to determine if the historical cost of its solar panels was less than their net realizable value. Management also considers, if applicable, other factors, including known trends, market conditions, and other such issues. Based on current market conditions related to solar panels including but not limited to reduced selling prices in the industry and the abundance of inventory supply in the market, management determined that the net realizable value of certain of the Company’s inventory required a lower of cost or market adjustment of $625,000 (the “Inventory Adjustment”) to the historical cost of inventory purchased. 6 Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, 2023 2022 2023 2022 Gross margin 18.4 % 7.9 % (3.1 )% 8.1 % For the three months ended September 30, 2023, the increase in gross margin compared to the three months ended September 30, 2022, is a result of sales in current quarter of products that were part of the inventory write down of $625,000 as of June 30, 2023. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the decrease in gross margin compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022, is a result of the $625,000 inventory write down.. Operating expenses Total operating expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, were $2,637,795 and $4,670,627, respectively, compared to $1,514,524 and $4,648,920 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. The operating expenses were comprised of: Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 Wages and management fees, related parties, including stock-based compensation $ 240,000 $ 220,000 $ 720,000 $ 850,000 Stock-based compensation, other - - - 136,249 Salaries, taxes, and benefits 212,240 411,411 733,334 966,321 Professional and consulting fees 213,392 495,820 734,338 1,674,319 Advertising and marketing 15,911 8,045 47,081 13,233 Rent and office expenses 16,689 63,287 88,118 186,228 Termination costs 1,755,082 - 1,755,082 - Insurance 71,815 88,256 188,412 222,547 General and administrative 112,666 227,705 404,262 600,023 Total operating expenses $ 2,637,795 $ 1,514,524 $ 4,670,627 $ 4,648,920 Effective January 1, 2022, the Company entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Conway. Pursuant to the agreement, Mr. Conway received a $250,000 contract renewal bonus (included in the nine months ended September 30, 2022) and receives annual compensation of $240,000 from the Company and will also be eligible to receive bonuses and equity grants at the discretion of the BOD. The Company also agreed to compensate Mr. Conway for services provided directly to any of the Company’s subsidiaries. Ozop Capital increased Mr. Conway’s compensation to $20,000 per month in January 2022, OES began compensating Mr. Conway $20,000 in March 2022, and OED began compensating Mr. Conway $20,000 per month beginning in April 2022. There was no stock-based compensation for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. Stock based compensation for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, of $136,249 is comprised of the following: ● 5,000,000 shares of common stock issued in the aggregate to two employees pursuant to their offers of employment dated March 31, 2021. The shares were valued at $0.027 per share. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company included $135,000 in stock compensation expense. ● $1,249 of amortization of stock compensation for shares issued in April 2021. Salaries, taxes, and benefits decreased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. The decrease was a result of the termination for cause of all of the employees in the west coast location related to Ozop Energy Systems. This decrease was reduced by the increases in Ozop Engineering and Design (“OED”) and EV Insurance Company (“Ozop Plus”) having employees for the entire three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to OED beginning in April 2022, and Ozop Plus not having any employees in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, and 2022, salaries, taxes and benefits were comprised of the following: 7 Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 Ozop Energy Systems $ 70,956 $ 268,091 $ 213,051 $ 767,439 Ozop Engineering and Design 107,697 143,320 418,832 198,882 EV Insurance Company 33,587 - 101,451 - Total $ 212,240 $ 411,411 $ 733,334 $ 966,321 Ozop Energy Systems currently has 2 employees with an aggregate annual salary of $204,000 and focused on the battery storage system, information technology and general and administrative functions. The solar distribution of this vertical is being managed by our financial consultant and the Company’s CEO. OED currently has four employees with an aggregate annual compensation of $414,000. EV Insurance Company has one employee with annual compensation of $125,000. Professional and consulting fees decreased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. The decrease is due to the expiration of certain consulting contracts and accounting fees. These decreases were partially offset by increases in legal expenses and auditing fees. Advertising and marketing expenses increased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. The increases were related to website development, lead generation costs, and trade show participation. Rent and office expenses (including supplies, utilities, and internet costs) decreased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. The decrease was a result that effective March 1, 2023, OES subleased the Carlsbad office and warehouse to a third party. Termination costs of $1,755,082 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, was a result of storage fees for goods that remained at a third-party warehouse and purchase order termination fees charged by the Company’s solar panel supplier, all of which was in connection with an early termination of vendor agreement. Insurance expenses decreased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. The decrease was the result of the termination of the west coast employees in November 2022, resulting in no health insurance and workers compensation expenses related thereto. The decrease was reduced by the health insurance costs for OED for the full three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. The Company estimates that the monthly insurance expense to be approximately $20,000 per month. Other (Income) Expenses Other (income) expense, net, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, was ($2,265,254) and $1,576,860, respectively, compared to other income, net, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, of ($513,157) and ($8,501,649), respectively, and were as follows: Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, 2023 2022 2023 2022 Interest expense $ 1,039,735 $ 1,424,553 $ 3,300,944 $ 6,812,834 Gain on change in fair value of derivatives (3,304,989 ) (1,937,710 ) (1,724,084 ) (15,314,483 ) Total other (income) expense $ (2,265,254 ) $ (513,157 ) $ 1,576,860 $ (8,501,649 ) 8 The decrease in interest expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, is primarily a result of the amortization period of certain note discounts that were completed in 2022. For the three months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recognized increased gains on the change in the fair value of derivatives compared to the gains for the three months ended September 30, 2022. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recognized gains on the change in the fair value of derivatives less than the gains for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. Net income (loss) attributable to the Company Net loss attributable to the Company for the three months ended September 30, 2023, was $321,058 compared to net loss of $534,988 for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The change was primarily a result of the termination expense described above, which were offset by the gain on the change in fair value of derivatives for the three months ended September 30, 2023, compared to the gain for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The decrease in net loss attributable to the Company was also a result of lower interest expense, partially offset by the lower gross profit recognized in the current quarter compared to the quarter ending September 30, 2022. The net loss attributable to the Company for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, was $6,281,346 compared to net income of $4,975,556 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The change was a result of the termination expense and less gain on change in fair value of derivatives for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to the gain for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, also a result of lower gross profits for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022, as a result of lower sales and the Inventory Adjustment increasing the cost of goods sold by $625,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. These increases on losses were partially offset by the decrease in interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022. Liquidity and Capital Resources The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. As of September 30, 2023, the Company had an accumulated deficit of $217,582,145 and a working capital deficit of $11,616,395 (including derivative liabilities of $2,590,186). As of September 30, 2023, the Company was in default of $3,565,000 plus accrued interest on debt instruments due to non-payment upon maturity dates. These factors, among others, raise substantial doubt about the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern for one year from the date of the issuance of these financial statements. The accompanying financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classification of liabilities that may result from the possible inability of the Company to continue as a going concern. Currently, our current capital and our other existing resources will be sufficient to provide the working capital needed for our current business, however, additional capital will be required to meet our debt obligations, and to further expand our business. We may be unable to obtain the additional capital required. If we are unable to generate capital or raise additional funds when required, it will have a negative impact on our business development and financial results. These conditions raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern as well as our recurring losses from operations, deficit in equity, and the need to raise additional capital to fund operations. This “going concern” could impair our ability to finance our operations through the sale of debt or equity securities. Management’s plans in regard to these factors are discussed below and also in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements filed herein. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we primarily funded our business operations with the existing cash on hand as of January 1, 2023, cash received from sales of inventory, and $1,200,537 received from sales of common stock. As of September 30, 2023, we had cash of $966,292 as compared to $1,369,210 as of December 31, 2022. As of September 30, 2023, we had current liabilities of $15,714,672 (including $2,590,186 of non-cash derivative liabilities), compared to current assets of $4,098,277, which resulted in a working capital deficit of $11,616,395. The current liabilities are comprised of accounts payable, accrued expenses, convertible debt, derivative liabilities, customer deposits, deferred liability, lease obligations, notes payable and liabilities of discontinued operations. 9 In December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus (COVID-19) emerged. Because COVID-19 infections have been reported throughout the United States, certain federal, state and local governmental authorities have issued stay-at-home orders, proclamations and/or directives aimed at minimizing the spread of COVID-19. The ultimate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company’s operations is unknown and will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted with confidence, including the duration of the COVID-19 outbreak , new information which may emerge concerning the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic, and any additional preventative and protective actions that governments, or the Company, may direct, which may result in an extended period of continued business disruption, and reduced operations. Any resulting financial impact cannot be reasonably estimated at this time but it may have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Management expects that its business will be impacted to some degree, but the significance of the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on the Company’s business and the duration for which it may have an impact cannot be determined at this time. Operating Activities For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, net cash used in operating activities was $901,293 compared to $5,185,222 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, our net cash used in operating activities was primarily attributable to the net loss of $6,281,346, and the gain on the change in fair value of derivatives of $1,724,084, adjusted by non-cash items of the termination expense of $1,755,082, interest expense of $1,138,067, the inventory write-down of $625,000 and amortization and depreciation of $172,470. Net changes of $3,429,606 in operating assets and liabilities reduced the cash used in operating activities. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, net cash used in operating activities was $5,185,222, which was primarily attributable to the net income of $4,445,884, adjusted by non-cash interest expense of $5,020,528, stock-based compensation of $136,249 and the non-cash expenses of amortization and depreciation of $132,924. This was offset by the gain on the fair value changes in derivatives related to warrants and convertible notes of $15,314,483. Net changes of $246,943 in operating assets and liabilities decreased the cash used in operating activities. Investing Activities For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the net cash used in investing activities was $2,162, compared to $198,362 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. Financing Activities For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the net cash provided by financing activities was $500,537. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we received $1,200,537, net of issuance costs, from the sales of common stock to GHS. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we made payments of $700,000 for notes payable. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company received shares proceeds of $814,625, net of issuance costs. Critical Accounting Policies Our significant accounting policies are described in more detail in the notes to our financial statements appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We believe the following accounting policies to be most critical to the judgement and estimates used in the preparation of our financial statements: Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reported period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. 10 Inventory Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost determined on the first-in, first-out basis. Inventory costs consist of finished goods. In evaluating the net realizable value of inventory, management also considers, if applicable, other factors, including known trends, market conditions, currency exchange rates and other such issues. Convertible Instruments The Company evaluates and accounts for conversion options embedded in convertible instruments in accordance with ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging Activities. Applicable GAAP requires companies to bifurcate conversion options from their host instruments and account for them as free-standing derivative financial instruments according to certain criteria. The criteria include circumstances in which (a) the economic characteristics and risks of the embedded derivative instrument are not clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics and risks of the host contract, (b) the hybrid instrument that embodies both the embedded derivative instrument and the host contract is not re-measured at fair value under other GAAP with changes in fair value reported in earnings as they occur and (c) a separate instrument with the same terms as the embedded derivative instrument would be considered a derivative instrument. The Company accounts for convertible instruments (when it has been determined that the embedded conversion options should not be bifurcated from their host instruments) as follows: The Company records, when necessary, discounts to convertible notes for the intrinsic value of conversion options embedded in debt instruments based upon the differences between the fair value of the underlying common stock at the commitment date of this note transaction and the effective conversion price embedded in this note. Debt discounts under these arrangements are amortized over the term of the related debt to their stated date of redemption. The Company accounts for the conversion of convertible debt when a conversion option has been bifurcated using the general extinguishment standards. The debt and equity linked derivatives are removed at their carrying amounts and the shares issued are measured at their then-current fair value, with any difference recorded as a gain or loss on extinguishment of the two separate accounting liabilities. Revenue Recognition Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASC 606 — Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Under ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue from the commercial sales of products, licensing agreements and contracts to perform pilot studies by applying the following steps: (1) identify the contract with a customer; (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (3) determine the transaction price; (4) allocate the transaction price to each performance obligation in the contract; and (5) recognize revenue when each performance obligation is satisfied. Earnings (Loss) Per Share The Company computes net income (loss) per share in accordance with FASB ASC 260, “Earnings per Share.” ASC 260 requires presentation of both basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS) on the face of the statement of operations. Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income (loss) available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS gives effect to all dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period including stock options, using the treasury stock method, and convertible notes and stock warrants, using the if-converted method. In computing diluted EPS, the average stock price for the period is used in determining the number of shares assumed to be purchased from the exercise of stock options, warrants and conversion of convertible notes. Diluted EPS excludes all dilutive potential common shares if their effect is anti-dilutive. 11 OFF BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS We have no off-balance sheet arrangements, including arrangements that would affect our liquidity, capital resources, market risk support and credit risk support or other benefits. Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk. Not Applicable.