−Removed: An investment in our securities has a high
−Removed: degree of risk.
−Removed: Before you invest you should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below and the other information
−Removed: in this prospectus.
−Removed: Any of the risks and uncertainties set forth herein could materially and adversely affect our business, results of
−Removed: operations and financial condition, which in turn could materially and adversely affect the trading price or value of our securities.
−Removed: Additional risks not currently known to us or which we consider immaterial based on information currently available to us may also materially
−Removed: adversely affect us.
+Added: An investment in our securities has a high degree
+Added: Before you invest you should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below and the other information in this
+Added: Any of the risks and uncertainties set forth herein could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations
+Added: and financial condition, which in turn could materially and adversely affect the trading price or value of our securities.
+Added: risks not currently known to us or which we consider immaterial based on information currently available to us may also materially adversely
As a result, you could lose all or part of your investment.
−Removed: Risks Related to Our Financial Position and
−Removed: Need for Capital
−Removed: We are a development stage company with
−Removed: little operating history, a history of losses and we cannot assure profitability.
−Removed: We have been incurring operating losses and cash
−Removed: flow deficits since the inception of such operations.
+Added: Risks Related to Our Financial Position and Need
+Added: We are a development stage company with little
+Added: operating history, a history of losses and we cannot assure profitability.
+Added: We have been incurring operating losses and cash flow
+Added: deficits since the inception of such operations.
Our lack of operating history, and the lack of historical pro forma combined financial
18 unchanged sentences
of material uncertainties that may cast significant doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.
−Removed: We have not generated any revenue or profit from
−Removed: operations since our inception.
−Removed: We expect that our operating expenses will increase over the next twenty-four months in order to continue
−Removed: our development activities.
−Removed: Based on our average monthly expenses and current burn rate, we estimate that our cash on hand will not be
−Removed: able to support our operations through the balance of this calendar year.
−Removed: This amount could increase if we encounter difficulties that
−Removed: we cannot anticipate at this time or if we acquire other businesses.
+Added: We have not generated any revenue or profit from operations
+Added: since our inception.
+Added: Based on our average monthly expenses and current burn rate, we estimate that our cash on hand will not be able to
+Added: support our operations through the balance of this calendar year.
+Added: This amount could increase if we encounter difficulties that we cannot
+Added: anticipate at this time or if we acquire other businesses.
Should this amount not be sufficient to support our continuing operations,
3 unchanged sentences
or equity-linked securities such as convertible debt.
−Removed: We are currently in discussions with a number of institutional investors who could
−Removed: provide the capital required for our ongoing operations.
−Removed: If we cannot raise the money that we need in order to continue to operate our
−Removed: business beyond the period indicated above, we will be forced to delay, scale back or eliminate some or all of our proposed operations.
+Added: We are currently in discussions with a number of institutional and private investors
+Added: who could provide the capital required for our ongoing operations.
+Added: If we cannot raise the money that we need in order to continue to operate
+Added: our business beyond the period indicated above, we will be forced to delay, scale back or eliminate some or all of our proposed operations.
If any of these were to occur, there is a substantial risk that our business would fail.
1 unchanged sentence
financing, we may need to curtail, discontinue, or cease operations.
−Removed: Our actual financial position and results
−Removed: of operations may differ materially from management’s expectations.
+Added: Our actual financial position and results of
+Added: operations may differ materially from management’s expectations.
We have experienced some changes in our operating
6 unchanged sentences
in planning may prove to be inaccurate, and other factors may affect our financial condition or results of operations.
−Removed: We expect to incur significant ongoing costs and
−Removed: obligations related to our investment in infrastructure and growth and for regulatory compliance, which could have a material adverse
−Removed: impact on our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
−Removed: In addition, future changes in regulations, more vigorous enforcement
−Removed: thereof or other unanticipated events could require extensive changes to our operations, increased compliance costs or give rise to material
−Removed: liabilities, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
−Removed: Our efforts to
−Removed: grow our business may be costlier than we expect, and we may not be able to increase our revenue enough to offset our higher operating
−Removed: We may incur significant losses in the future for a number of reasons, including unforeseen expenses, difficulties, complications
−Removed: and delays, and other unknown events.
−Removed: If we are unable to achieve and sustain profitability, the market price of our Common Shares may
−Removed: significantly decrease.
+Added: We expect to incur significant ongoing costs and obligations
+Added: related to our investment in infrastructure and growth and for regulatory compliance, which could have a material adverse impact on our
+Added: results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
+Added: In addition, future changes in regulations, more vigorous enforcement thereof
+Added: or other unanticipated events could require extensive changes to our operations, increased compliance costs or give rise to material liabilities,
+Added: which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
+Added: Our efforts to grow our business
+Added: may be costlier than we expect, and we may not be able to increase our revenue enough to offset our higher operating expenses.
+Added: incur significant losses in the future for a number of reasons, including unforeseen expenses, difficulties, complications and delays,
+Added: and other unknown events.
+Added: If we are unable to achieve and sustain profitability, the market price of our Common Shares may significantly
Our limited operating history creates substantial
uncertainty about future results.
−Removed: We have limited operating history and operations
−Removed: on which to base expectations regarding our future results and performance.
+Added: We have limited operating history and operations on
+Added: which to base expectations regarding our future results and performance.
To succeed, we must do most, if not all, of the following:
10 unchanged sentences
plan and strategy or become profitable.
−Removed: Because we may never have net income from
−Removed: our operations, our business may fail.
+Added: Because we may never have net income from our
+Added: operations, our business may fail.
We have no history of profitability from operations.
10 unchanged sentences
is uncertain.
−Removed: To develop and expand our business, we will need
−Removed: to make significant up-front investments in our manufacturing capacity and incur research and development, sales and marketing, and general
+Added: To develop and expand our business, we will need to
+Added: make significant up-front investments in our manufacturing capacity and incur research and development, sales and marketing, and general
and administrative expenses.
19 unchanged sentences
our business plan, take advantage of future opportunities, or respond to competitive pressures.
−Removed: We may have difficulty raising additional
−Removed: capital, which could deprive us of the resources necessary to implement our business plan, which would adversely affect our business,
−Removed: results of operation and financial condition.
+Added: We may have difficulty raising additional capital,
+Added: which could deprive us of the resources necessary to implement our business plan, which would adversely affect our business, results of
+Added: operation and financial condition.
We expect to continue devoting significant capital
21 unchanged sentences
that additional financing will be available on terms favorable to us or at all.
−Removed: If adequate funds are not available or are not
−Removed: available on acceptable terms, our ability to fund our expansion, take advantage of potential opportunities, would be limited significantly.
−Removed: We will also scale back or delay implementation of research and development of new products.
−Removed: Thus, the unavailability of capital could
−Removed: substantially harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.
+Added: If adequate funds are not available or are not available
+Added: on acceptable terms, our ability to fund our expansion, take advantage of potential opportunities, would be limited significantly.
+Added: will also scale back or delay implementation of research and development of new products.
+Added: Thus, the unavailability of capital could substantially
+Added: harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.
The capital requirements necessary to implement
our business plan initiatives could pose additional risks to our business and stockholders.
−Removed: We require additional debt or equity financing
−Removed: to implement our business plan and marketing strategy.
−Removed: Since the terms and availability of such financing depend, to a large degree, on
−Removed: general economic conditions and third parties over which we have no control, we can give no assurance that we will obtain the needed financing
+Added: We require additional debt or equity financing to
+Added: implement our business plan and marketing strategy.
+Added: Since the terms and availability of such financing depend, to a large degree, on general
+Added: economic conditions and third parties over which we have no control, we can give no assurance that we will obtain the needed financing
or that we will obtain such financing on attractive terms.
10 unchanged sentences
firm has included an explanatory paragraph relating to our ability to continue as a going concern in its report on our audited financial
−Removed: Our independent registered public accounting firm
−Removed: has issued its audit opinion on our consolidated financial statements appearing in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
−Removed: ended July 31, 2023, including an explanatory paragraph as to substantial doubt with respect to our ability to continue as a going concern.
−Removed: The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the
−Removed: United States of America, assuming we will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and satisfaction
−Removed: of liabilities in the normal course of business.
−Removed: For the fiscal year ended July 31, 2023, our net loss was $5,919,421, and we had an accumulated
−Removed: deficit of $60,097,375 at July 31, 2023.
−Removed: As of July 31, 2023, we had current liabilities of $6,611,722, current assets of $405,888 and
−Removed: a working capital deficit of $6,205,834.
−Removed: These factors raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern which
−Removed: is dependent on our ability to raise the required additional capital or debt financing to meet short- and long-term operating requirements.
−Removed: We may also encounter business endeavors that require significant cash commitments or unanticipated problems or expenses that could result
−Removed: in a need for additional cash.
−Removed: Our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon raising capital from financing transactions.
−Removed: To stay in business, we will need to raise additional capital through public or private sales of our securities or debt financing.
−Removed: the past, we have financed our operations by issuing secured and unsecured convertible debt and equity securities in private placements,
−Removed: in some cases with equity incentives for the investor in the form of warrants to purchase our common stock, and we have borrowed from
−Removed: related parties.
+Added: Our independent registered public accounting firm has issued its audit
+Added: opinion on our consolidated financial statements appearing in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2024,
+Added: including an explanatory paragraph as to substantial doubt with respect to our ability to continue as a going concern.
+Added: The accompanying
+Added: consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States
+Added: of America, assuming we will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities
+Added: in the normal course of business.
+Added: For the fiscal year ended July 31, 2024, our net loss allocable to common stockholders was $905,771,
+Added: and we had an accumulated deficit of $61,003,146 at July 31, 2024.
+Added: As of July 31, 2024, we had current liabilities of $5,919,895, current
+Added: assets of $56,943, and a working capital deficit of $5,862,952.
+Added: These factors raise substantial doubt about our ability
+Added: to continue as a going concern which is dependent on our ability to raise the required additional capital or debt financing to meet short-
+Added: and long-term operating requirements.
+Added: We may also encounter business endeavors that require significant cash commitments or unanticipated
+Added: problems or expenses that could result in a need for additional cash.
+Added: Our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon raising
+Added: capital from financing transactions.
+Added: To stay in business, we will need to raise additional capital through public or private sales of
+Added: our securities or debt financing.
+Added: In the past, we have financed our operations by issuing secured and unsecured convertible debt and equity
+Added: securities in private placements, in some cases with equity incentives for the investor in the form of warrants to purchase our common
+Added: stock, and we have borrowed from related parties.
We have sought, and will continue to seek, various sources of financing.
−Removed: If we raise additional funds through the issuance
−Removed: of equity or convertible debt securities, the percentage ownership of our current stockholders could be reduced, and such securities might
−Removed: have rights, preferences, or privileges senior to our common stock.
−Removed: Additional financing may not be available upon acceptable terms, or
−Removed: available at all.
−Removed: If adequate funds are not available on acceptable terms, we may not be able to take advantage of prospective business
−Removed: endeavors or opportunities, which could significantly and materially restrict our operations.
−Removed: If we are unable to obtain necessary capital,
−Removed: we may have to cease operations.
−Removed: There are no additional commitments from anyone to provide us with financing.
−Removed: We can provide no assurance
−Removed: as to whether our capital raising efforts will be successful or as to when, or if, we will be profitable in the future.
−Removed: Even if we achieve
−Removed: profitability, we may not be able to sustain such profitability.
−Removed: If we are unable to obtain financing or achieve and sustain profitability,
−Removed: we may have to suspend operations or sell assets, making us unable to execute our business plan.
−Removed: Failure to become and remain profitable
−Removed: may adversely affect the market price of our common stock and our ability to raise capital and continue operations.
−Removed: For additional information,
−Removed: see Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – “Going Concern.”
+Added: additional funds through the issuance of equity or convertible debt securities, the percentage ownership of our current stockholders could
+Added: be reduced, and such securities might have rights, preferences, or privileges senior to our common stock.
+Added: Additional financing may not
+Added: be available upon acceptable terms, or available at all.
+Added: If adequate funds are not available on acceptable terms, we may not be able to
+Added: take advantage of prospective business endeavors or opportunities, which could significantly and materially restrict our operations.
+Added: we are unable to obtain necessary capital, we may have to cease operations.
+Added: There are no additional commitments from anyone to provide
+Added: us with financing.
+Added: We can provide no assurance as to whether our capital raising efforts will be successful or as to when, or if, we will
+Added: be profitable in the future.
+Added: Even if we achieve profitability, we may not be able to sustain such profitability.
+Added: If we are unable to obtain
+Added: financing or achieve and sustain profitability, we may have to suspend operations or sell assets, making us unable to execute our business
+Added: Failure to become and remain profitable may adversely affect the market price of our common stock and our ability to raise capital
+Added: and continue operations.
+Added: For additional information, see Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
+Added: of Operations – “Going Concern.”
Raising additional capital by issuing securities
1 unchanged sentence
us to relinquish rights to our technologies or product candidate on terms unfavorable to us.
−Removed: To the extent that we raise additional capital
−Removed: through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, your ownership interest will be diluted, and the terms of such securities may
−Removed: include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect your rights as a stockholder.
−Removed: Debt financing, if available, may involve
−Removed: agreements that include covenants limiting or restricting our ability to take certain actions, such as incurring additional debt, making
−Removed: capital expenditures or declaring dividends.
−Removed: If we raise additional funds through strategic partnerships with third parties, we may have
−Removed: to relinquish valuable rights to our technologies or product candidate, future revenue streams, research programs or product candidate,
−Removed: or otherwise grant licenses on terms that are not favorable to us.
−Removed: If we are unable to raise additional capital when needed, we may be
−Removed: required to delay, limit, reduce or terminate our product development or commercialization efforts for our product candidate or our preclinical
−Removed: product candidates, or grant rights to develop and market potential future product candidates that we would otherwise prefer to develop
−Removed: and market ourselves.
−Removed: Any of these events could adversely affect our ability to achieve our product development and commercialization
−Removed: goals and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
+Added: To the extent that we raise additional capital through
+Added: the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, your ownership interest will be diluted, and the terms of such securities may include
+Added: liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect your rights as a stockholder.
+Added: Debt financing, if available, may involve agreements
+Added: that include covenants limiting or restricting our ability to take certain actions, such as incurring additional debt, making capital
+Added: expenditures or declaring dividends.
+Added: If we raise additional funds through strategic partnerships with third parties, we may have to relinquish
+Added: valuable rights to our technologies or product candidate, future revenue streams, research programs or product candidate, or otherwise
+Added: grant licenses on terms that are not favorable to us.
+Added: If we are unable to raise additional capital when needed, we may be required to
+Added: delay, limit, reduce or terminate our product development or commercialization efforts for our product candidate or our preclinical product
+Added: candidates, or grant rights to develop and market potential future product candidates that we would otherwise prefer to develop and market
+Added: Any of these events could adversely affect our ability to achieve our product development and commercialization goals and have
+Added: a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Risks Related to the Sale of the Purchased Assets
−Removed: We may not be able to successfully consummate
−Removed: the Odyssey Asset Purchase Agreement with Oragenics.
−Removed: The closing of the Odyssey Asset Purchase Agreement
−Removed: is subject to various closing conditions, including without limitation the following:
−Removed: (1) Odyssey shall have obtained all required consents
−Removed: to the Odyssey Asset Purchase;
−Removed: (2) Odyssey shall have obtained its shareholders’ approval to the Odyssey Asset Purchase;
−Removed: (3) Oragenics
−Removed: shareholders shall have approved (a) the increase in the its authorized Common Stock from Four Million One Hundred Sixty Six Thousand
−Removed: Six Hundred Sixty Six (4,166,666) shares to Three Hundred Fifty Million (350,000,000) and (b) the conversion of Nineteen and Nine Tenths
−Removed: Percent (19.9%) of the Series F Preferred Stock into Common Stock;
−Removed: (4) no material adverse change shall have occurred to the Purchased
−Removed: (5) Oragenics must have at least Five Million dollars ($5,000,000) in cash at Closing;
−Removed: and (6) the Oragenics must have completed
−Removed: its due diligence of the Purchased Assets to its satisfaction.
−Removed: There can be no assurances that such conditions will be satisfied.
Oragenics may have difficulty raising additional
1 unchanged sentence
in Oragenics.
−Removed: Whether or not we successfully consummate the
−Removed: Asset Purchase, Oragenics will need to raise additional capital to fund the development and commercialization of our product candidates
−Removed: and to operate their business.
−Removed: The Oragenics’ need to raise additional capital is expected to increase if we successfully consummate
−Removed: the Oragenics Asset Purchase.
−Removed: If Oragenics consummates the Asset Purchase, Oragenics expect their operating expenses to increase, both
−Removed: due to additional employment costs and operating costs required to pursue the development of the Odyssey’s assets.
−Removed: In order to support
−Removed: the initiatives envisioned in the business plan, Oragenics will need to raise additional funds through the sale of assets, public or private
−Removed: debt or equity financing, collaborative relationships or other arrangements.
−Removed: If Oragenics operations expand faster or at a higher rate
−Removed: than currently anticipated, Oragenics may require additional capital sooner than they expect.
−Removed: We are unable to provide any assurance or
−Removed: guarantee that additional capital will be available when needed by Oragenics or that such capital will be available under terms acceptable
−Removed: to Oragenics or on a timely basis.
+Added: Oragenics will need to raise additional capital to
+Added: fund the development and commercialization of our product candidates and to operate their business.
+Added: Oragenics’ operating expenses
+Added: could increase, both due to additional employment costs and operating costs required to pursue the development of the Odyssey’s
+Added: In order to support the initiatives envisioned in the business plan, Oragenics will need to raise additional funds through the
+Added: sale of assets, public or private debt or equity financing, collaborative relationships or other arrangements.
+Added: If Oragenics operations
+Added: expand faster or at a higher rate than currently anticipated, Oragenics may require additional capital sooner than they expect.
+Added: unable to provide any assurance or guarantee that additional capital will be available when needed by Oragenics or that such capital will
+Added: be available under terms acceptable to Oragenics or on a timely basis.
Oragenics’ ability to raise additional financing
10 unchanged sentences
terms favorable to Oragenics or at all.
−Removed: If adequate funds are not available or are not
−Removed: available on acceptable terms, Oragenics’ ability to take advantage of the potential of assets acquired from us will be limited
−Removed: significantly.
−Removed: With limited capital, Oragenics expects to continue to scale back or delay implementation of research and development of
−Removed: all protocols.
+Added: If adequate funds are not available or are not available
+Added: on acceptable terms, Oragenics’ ability to take advantage of the potential of assets acquired from us will be limited significantly.
+Added: With limited capital, Oragenics expects to continue to scale back or delay implementation of research and development of all protocols.
By implication, the unavailability of capital could substantially harm our investment in Oragenics.
−Removed: Oragenics’ success with regard to
−Removed: the Purchased Assets depends on the viability of Oragenics business strategy with regard to those assets, which is unproven and may be
+Added: Oragenics’ success with regard to the
+Added: Purchased Assets depends on the viability of Oragenics business strategy with regard to those assets, which is unproven and may be unfeasible.
Oragenics revenue and income potential with regard
6 unchanged sentences
The product candidate ONP-002 (the concussion
−Removed: asset) being developed by us, which development under Oragenics will continue if we successfully consummate the Asset Purchase, is in
−Removed: its early stages and will require extensive testing and clinical trials before it is commercialized.
−Removed: There is no guarantee that ONP-002
−Removed: will be approved for commercial use.
−Removed: The product candidate ONP-001 (the potential treatment for Niemann Pick Disease Type C) Oragenics
−Removed: is acquiring from us, is in its early stages and will require extensive testing and clinical trials before it is commercialized.
−Removed: is no guarantee that ONP-001 will be approved for commercial use.
−Removed: We currently own only 50% of the intellectual property related thereto.
−Removed: The other 50% is owned by Prevacus.
−Removed: The joint venture with that third party has not been finalized.
−Removed: If we fail to obtain marketing authorization for
−Removed: these product candidates, our business, financial condition, and results of operations will be materially adversely affected.
−Removed: There are substantial inherent risks in
−Removed: attempting to commercialize newly developed products, and, as a result, we may not be able to successfully develop the new products acquired
−Removed: from Odyssey.
−Removed: If we successfully consummate the Asset Purchase,
−Removed: Oragenics hopes to conduct research and development of the purchased technologies.
−Removed: However, commercial feasibility and acceptance of such
−Removed: product candidates are unknown.
−Removed: Scientific research and development require significant amounts of capital and takes an extremely long
−Removed: time to reach commercial viability, if at all.
−Removed: During the research and development process, we may experience technological barriers that
−Removed: we may be unable to overcome.
−Removed: Because of these uncertainties, it is possible that some of Oragenics’ future product candidates will
−Removed: never be successfully developed.
−Removed: If Oragenics is unable to successfully develop new products, Oragenics may be unable to generate new
−Removed: revenue sources or build a sustainable or profitable business.
−Removed: Additionally, if we successfully consummate the
−Removed: Asset Purchase, since Oragenics operates with limited resources and staff, Oragenics’ attention and resources will be diverted away
−Removed: from other protocols which may result in further delays in the development and commercialization of such programs and the diminution of
−Removed: our investment.
+Added: asset) which is in development under Oragenics, is in its early stages and will require extensive testing and clinical trials before
+Added: it is commercialized.
+Added: There is no guarantee that ONP-002 will be approved for commercial use.
+Added: If we fail to obtain marketing authorization for these
+Added: product candidates, our business, financial condition, and results of operations will be materially adversely affected.
+Added: There are substantial inherent risks in attempting
+Added: to commercialize newly developed products, and, as a result, we may not be able to successfully develop the new products acquired from
+Added: Oragenics hopes to conduct research and development
+Added: of the purchased technologies.
+Added: However, commercial feasibility and acceptance of such product candidates are unknown.
+Added: Scientific research
+Added: and development require significant amounts of capital and takes an extremely long time to reach commercial viability, if at all.
+Added: the research and development process, we may experience technological barriers that we may be unable to overcome.
+Added: Because of these uncertainties,
+Added: it is possible that some of Oragenics’ future product candidates will never be successfully developed.
+Added: If Oragenics is unable to
+Added: successfully develop new products, Oragenics may be unable to generate new revenue sources or build a sustainable or profitable business.
+Added: Additionally, since Oragenics operates with limited
+Added: resources and staff, Oragenics’ attention and resources will be diverted away from other protocols which may result in further delays
+Added: in the development and commercialization of such programs and the diminution of our investment.
We will need to achieve commercial acceptance
of our products, if cleared or approved, to generate revenues and achieve profitability.
−Removed: If we successfully consummate the Asset Purchase,
−Removed: superior products may be introduced that compete with the Purchased Assets, which would diminish or extinguish the uses for the products
−Removed: candidates acquired by Oragenics, if cleared or approved.
−Removed: We cannot predict when significant commercial market acceptance for such products,
−Removed: if cleared or approved, will develop, if at all, and we cannot reliably estimate the projected size of any such potential market.
−Removed: fail to accept such products, then Oragenics may not be able to generate revenue from them.
−Removed: Oragenics revenue growth and achievement of
−Removed: profitability will depend substantially on Oragenics ability to introduce new products that are accepted by customers.
−Removed: Oragenics competitors
−Removed: in the industry are predominantly large companies with longer operating histories, with significantly easier access to capital and other
−Removed: resources and an established product pipeline than Oragenics.
−Removed: There can be no assurance that Oragenics will be able to establish ourselves
−Removed: in their targeted markets, or, if established, that Oragenics will be able to maintain market position, if any.
−Removed: Oragenics’ commercial
−Removed: opportunity may be reduced if their competitors develop new or improved products that are more convenient, more effective or less expensive
−Removed: than our product candidates are.
−Removed: Competitors may also obtain FDA or other regulatory marketing authorization for their products more rapidly
−Removed: or earlier than Oragenics may obtain marketing authorization, which could result in their competitors establishing a strong market position
−Removed: before Oragenics is able to enter the market.
−Removed: If Oragenics is unable to cost-effectively achieve acceptance of their products by customers,
−Removed: or if Oragenics products do not achieve wide market acceptance, then their business, and consequently our investment in Oragenics’
−Removed: business will be materially and adversely affected.
−Removed: The products candidates Oragenics hopes
−Removed: to acquire from Odyssey are still in development, and Odyssey has not obtained authorization from any regulatory agency to commercially
−Removed: distribute such products in any country and we may never obtain such authorizations.
+Added: Superior products may be introduced that compete with
+Added: the Oragenics’ assets, which would diminish or extinguish the uses for the products candidates acquired by Oragenics, if cleared
+Added: We cannot predict when significant commercial market acceptance for such products, if cleared or approved, will develop,
+Added: if at all, and we cannot reliably estimate the projected size of any such potential market.
+Added: If markets fail to accept such products, then
+Added: Oragenics may not be able to generate revenue from them.
+Added: Oragenics revenue growth and achievement of profitability will depend substantially
+Added: on Oragenics ability to introduce new products that are accepted by customers.
+Added: Oragenics competitors in the industry are predominantly
+Added: large companies with longer operating histories, with significantly easier access to capital and other resources and an established product
+Added: pipeline than Oragenics.
+Added: There can be no assurance that Oragenics will be able to establish ourselves in their targeted markets, or, if
+Added: established, that Oragenics will be able to maintain market position, if any.
+Added: Oragenics’ commercial opportunity may be reduced if
+Added: their competitors develop new or improved products that are more convenient, more effective or less expensive than our product candidates
+Added: Competitors may also obtain FDA or other regulatory marketing authorization for their products more rapidly or earlier than Oragenics
+Added: may obtain marketing authorization, which could result in their competitors establishing a strong market position before Oragenics is
+Added: able to enter the market.
+Added: If Oragenics is unable to cost-effectively achieve acceptance of their products by customers, or if Oragenics
+Added: products do not achieve wide market acceptance, then their business, and consequently our investment in Oragenics’ business will
+Added: be materially and adversely affected.
+Added: The products candidates Oragenics acquired from
+Added: Odyssey are still in development, and Odyssey has not obtained authorization from any regulatory agency to commercially distribute such
+Added: products in any country and we may never obtain such authorizations.
Oragenics currently has no products authorized
for commercial distribution in either the United States, Europe, or any other country.
−Removed: Similarly, the products candidates Oragenics hopes
−Removed: to acquire from us are still in development.
−Removed: Like the product candidates Oragenics is developing, the Purchased Assets require regulatory
−Removed: clearance or approvals.
−Removed: Oragenics cannot begin marketing and selling product candidates until they obtain applicable authorizations from
−Removed: the applicable regulatory agencies.
−Removed: The process of obtaining regulatory authorization is expensive and time-consuming and can vary substantially
−Removed: based upon, among other things, the type, complexity, and novelty of a product candidate.
−Removed: Changes in regulatory policy, changes in or
−Removed: the enactment of additional statutes or regulations, or changes in regulatory review for each submitted product application may cause
−Removed: delays in the authorization of a product candidate or rejection of a regulatory application altogether.
+Added: Similarly, the products candidates Oragenics acquired
+Added: from us are still in development.
+Added: Like the product candidates Oragenics is developing, the Purchased Assets require regulatory clearance
+Added: or approvals.
+Added: Oragenics cannot begin marketing and selling product candidates until they obtain applicable authorizations from the applicable
+Added: regulatory agencies.
+Added: The process of obtaining regulatory authorization is expensive and time-consuming and can vary substantially based
+Added: upon, among other things, the type, complexity, and novelty of a product candidate.
+Added: Changes in regulatory policy, changes in or the enactment
+Added: of additional statutes or regulations, or changes in regulatory review for each submitted product application may cause delays in the
+Added: authorization of a product candidate or rejection of a regulatory application altogether.
The FDA has substantial discretion in the review
−Removed: process and may refuse to accept Oragenics’ application or may decide that data are insufficient to grant the request and require
+Added: process and may refuse to accept Oragenics’ application or may decide that data is insufficient to grant the request and require
additional pre-clinical, clinical, or other studies.
5 unchanged sentences
If Oragenics attempts to obtain marketing authorization are unsuccessful, Oragenics may be unable to
−Removed: generate sufficient revenue to sustain and grow their business, and Oragenics business, financial condition, and results of operations,
−Removed: and consequently, the value of our equity will be materially adversely affected.
−Removed: Oragenics is, and will continue to be,
−Removed: dependent in significant part on outside scientists and third-party research institutions for research and development in order to be
−Removed: able to commercialize product candidates.
+Added: generate sufficient revenue to sustain and grow their business, and Oragenics’ business, financial condition, results of operations, and
+Added: consequently, the value of our equity will be materially adversely affected.
+Added: Oragenics is, and will continue to be, dependent
+Added: in significant part on outside scientists and third-party research institutions for research and development in order to be able to commercialize
+Added: product candidates.
Oragenics currently has a limited number of employees
3 unchanged sentences
for this capability.
−Removed: This will remain the case if we successfully consummate the Asset Purchase.
Oragenics is heavily dependent upon the
11 unchanged sentences
If any of Oragenics’ executive
−Removed: officers or key employees left or seriously injured and unable to work and they were unable to find a qualified replacement and/or
+Added: officers or key employees left or became seriously injured and unable to work and they were unable to find a qualified replacement and/or
to obtain adequate compensation for such loss, Oragenics may be unable to manage our business, which could harm their operating results
and financial condition.
−Removed: If we successfully consummate the Asset Purchase,
−Removed: Oragenics’ anticipates growth in their business and increased costs, and any inability to manage such growth could harm Oragenics’
−Removed: Oragenics’ success will depend, in part, on their ability to effectively manage their growth and expansion.
−Removed: Any growth in, or
−Removed: expansion of, Oragenics’ business is likely to continue to place a significant strain on their management and administrative resources,
−Removed: infrastructure, and systems.
−Removed: In order to succeed, Oragenics will need to continue to implement management information systems and improve
−Removed: our operating, administrative, financial and accounting systems and controls.
−Removed: Oragenics will also need to train new employees and maintain
−Removed: close coordination among our executive, accounting, finance, and operations organizations.
−Removed: These processes are time-consuming and expensive,
−Removed: will increase management responsibilities and will divert management attention.
−Removed: Their inability or failure to manage such growth and expansion
−Removed: effectively could substantially harm their business and adversely affect their operating results and financial condition, and, consequently,
−Removed: the value of our equity in Oragenics.
−Removed: Risks Related to Our Technology, Development
−Removed: and Commercialization of our Product Candidates
−Removed: Our success depends on the viability of
−Removed: our business model, which is unproven and may be unfeasible.
−Removed: Our revenue and income potential are unproven,
−Removed: and the business model of Odyssey is new.
−Removed: Our new business model is based on a variety of assumptions based on a growing trend in the
−Removed: healthcare systems in the United States and many other countries, where we are seeing a movement towards preventative medicine that is
−Removed: directly decreasing general healthcare costs.
−Removed: The CardioMap®, through its screening and
−Removed: predictive values, is a tool, if approved or cleared, might be implemented in this preventative approach.
−Removed: Considering heart disease-caused
−Removed: deaths are still the number one cause of death and one of the most important healthcare costs factors, the CardioMap® device has potential
+Added: Oragenics’ anticipates growth in their business
+Added: and increased costs, and any inability to manage such growth could harm Oragenics’ business.
+Added: Oragenics’ success will depend,
+Added: in part, on their ability to effectively manage their growth and expansion.
+Added: Any growth in, or expansion of, Oragenics’ business
+Added: is likely to continue to place a significant strain on their management and administrative resources, infrastructure, and systems.
+Added: order to succeed, Oragenics will need to continue to implement management information systems and improve our operating, administrative,
+Added: financial and accounting systems and controls.
+Added: Oragenics will also need to train new employees and maintain close coordination among our
+Added: executive, accounting, finance, and operations organizations.
+Added: These processes are time-consuming and expensive, will increase management
+Added: responsibilities and will divert management attention.
+Added: Their inability or failure to manage such growth and expansion effectively could
+Added: substantially harm their business and adversely affect their operating results and financial condition, and, consequently, the value of
+Added: our equity in Oragenics.
+Added: Risks Related to Our Technology, Development and
+Added: Commercialization of our Product Candidates
+Added: Our success depends on the viability of our
+Added: business model, which is unproven and may be unfeasible.
+Added: Our revenue and income potential are unproven, and
+Added: the business model of Odyssey is new.
+Added: Our new business model is based on a variety of assumptions based on a growing trend in the healthcare
+Added: systems in the United States and many other countries, where we are seeing a movement towards preventative medicine that is directly decreasing
+Added: general healthcare costs.
+Added: The CardioMap®, through its screening and predictive
+Added: values, is a tool, if approved or cleared, might be implemented in this preventative approach.
+Added: Considering heart disease-caused deaths
+Added: are still the number one cause of death and one of the most important healthcare costs factors, the CardioMap® device has potential
value in any medical practice.
5 unchanged sentences
There is no guarantee that the device will be approved or cleared for commercial use.
−Removed: The Save a Life choking rescue device is in the
−Removed: development stage and has not been approved or cleared for commercial use.
−Removed: Further development is required, and the final product will
−Removed: require FDA approval or clearance.
+Added: The Save-a- Life® choking rescue device is in
+Added: the development stage and has not been approved or cleared for commercial use.
+Added: Further development is required, and the final product
+Added: will require FDA approval or clearance.
There is no guarantee that the device will be approved or cleared for commercial use.
3 unchanged sentences
The Joint Venture contemplated in the agreement has not been formed.
−Removed: The product candidate ONP-002 being developed
−Removed: by us and is in its early stages and will require extensive testing and clinical trials before it is commercialized.
−Removed: There is no guarantee
−Removed: that ONP-002 will be approved for commercial use.
−Removed: If we fail to obtain marketing authorization for
−Removed: our product candidates, our business, financial condition, and results of operations will be materially adversely affected.
−Removed: There are substantial inherent risks in
−Removed: attempting to commercialize newly developed products, and, as a result, we may not be able to successfully develop new products.
+Added: If we fail to obtain marketing authorization for our
+Added: product candidates, our business, financial condition, and results of operations will be materially adversely affected.
+Added: There are substantial inherent risks in attempting
+Added: to commercialize newly developed products, and, as a result, we may not be able to successfully develop new products.
We plan to conduct research and development of
2 unchanged sentences
Scientific research
−Removed: and development require significant amounts of capital and takes an extremely long time to reach commercial viability, if at all.
+Added: and development require significant amounts of capital and take an extremely long time to reach commercial viability, if at all.
the research and development process, we may experience technological barriers that we may be unable to overcome.
5 unchanged sentences
of our products, if cleared or approved, to generate revenues and achieve profitability.
−Removed: Superior competitive products may be introduced,
−Removed: or customer needs may change, which would diminish or extinguish the uses for our products, if cleared or approved.
−Removed: We cannot predict
−Removed: when significant commercial market acceptance for our products, if cleared or approved, will develop, if at all, and we cannot reliably
−Removed: estimate the projected size of any such potential market.
−Removed: If markets fail to accept our products, then we may not be able to generate
−Removed: revenue from them.
−Removed: Our revenue growth and achievement of profitability will depend substantially on our ability to introduce new products
−Removed: that are accepted by customers.
−Removed: If we are unable to cost-effectively achieve acceptance of our products by customers, or if our products
−Removed: do not achieve wide market acceptance, then our business will be materially and adversely affected.
−Removed: We currently only have four product candidates,
+Added: Superior competitive products may be introduced, or
+Added: customer needs may change, which would diminish or extinguish the uses for our products, if cleared or approved.
+Added: We cannot predict when
+Added: significant commercial market acceptance for our products, if cleared or approved, will develop, if at all, and we cannot reliably estimate
+Added: the projected size of any such potential market.
+Added: If markets fail to accept our products, then we may not be able to generate revenue from
+Added: Our revenue growth and achievement of profitability will depend substantially on our ability to introduce new products that are
+Added: accepted by customers.
+Added: If we are unable to cost-effectively achieve acceptance of our products by customers, or if our products do not
+Added: achieve wide market acceptance, then our business will be materially and adversely affected.
+Added: We currently only have two product candidates,
which are still in development, and we have not obtained authorization from any regulatory agency to commercially distribute the products
11 unchanged sentences
The FDA has substantial discretion in the review
−Removed: process and may refuse to accept our application or may decide that our data are insufficient to grant the request and require additional pre-clinical, clinical,
+Added: process and may refuse to accept our application or may decide that our data is insufficient to grant the request and require additional pre-clinical, clinical,
or other studies.
6 unchanged sentences
We face significant competition in an environment
−Removed: of rapid technological change, and our competitors may develop products that are more advanced or more effective than ours are which may
+Added: of rapid technological change, and our competitors may develop products that are more advanced or more effective than ours , which may
adversely affect our financial condition and our ability to successfully market our products.
2 unchanged sentences
pipeline than us.
−Removed: There can be no assurance that we will be able to establish ourselves in our targeted markets, or, if established, that
+Added: There can be no assurance that we will be able to establish ourselves in our target markets, or, if established, that
we will be able to maintain our market position, if any.
5 unchanged sentences
Risks Related to Our Reliance on Third Parties
−Removed: We expect to rely on third parties for the
−Removed: worldwide marketing and distribution of our product candidates, who may not be successful in selling our products, if cleared or approved.
−Removed: We currently do not have adequate resources to
−Removed: market and distribute any of our products, if cleared or approved, worldwide and expect to engage third-party marketing and distribution
−Removed: companies to perform these tasks.
−Removed: While we believe that distribution partners will be available, we cannot assure you that the distribution
−Removed: partners, if any, will succeed in marketing our products on a global basis.
−Removed: We may not be able to maintain satisfactory arrangements with
−Removed: our marketing and distribution partners, who may not devote adequate resources to selling our products.
−Removed: If this happens, we may not be
−Removed: able to successfully market our products, which would decrease or eliminate our ability to generate revenues.
−Removed: Our products, if cleared or approved, may
−Removed: be displaced by superior products developed by third parties.
−Removed: The healthcare industry is constantly undergoing
−Removed: rapid and significant change.
−Removed: Third parties may succeed in developing or marketing products that are more effective than those developed
−Removed: or marketed by us or that would make our products obsolete or non-competitive.
−Removed: Additionally, researchers could develop new procedures
−Removed: and medications that replace or reduce the use of our products.
−Removed: Accordingly, our success will depend, in part, on our ability to respond
−Removed: quickly to medical and technological changes through the development and introduction of new products.
−Removed: We may not have the resources to
−Removed: If our products become obsolete and our efforts to develop new products do not result in commercially successful products, then
−Removed: our sales and revenues will decline.
+Added: We expect to rely on third parties for the worldwide
+Added: marketing and distribution of our product candidates, who may not be successful in selling our products, if cleared or approved.
+Added: We currently do not have adequate resources to market
+Added: and distribute any of our products, if cleared or approved, worldwide and expect to engage third-party marketing and distribution companies
+Added: to perform these tasks.
+Added: While we believe that distribution partners will be available, we cannot assure you that the distribution partners,
+Added: if any, will succeed in marketing our products on a global basis.
+Added: We may not be able to maintain satisfactory arrangements with our marketing
+Added: and distribution partners, who may not devote adequate resources to selling our products.
+Added: If this happens, we may not be able to successfully
+Added: market our products, which would decrease or eliminate our ability to generate revenues.
+Added: Our products, if cleared or approved, may be
+Added: displaced by superior products developed by third parties.
+Added: The healthcare industry is constantly undergoing rapid
+Added: and significant change.
+Added: Third parties may succeed in developing or marketing products that are more effective than those developed or
+Added: marketed by us or that would make our products obsolete or non-competitive.
+Added: Additionally, researchers could develop new procedures and
+Added: medications that replace or reduce the use of our products.
+Added: Accordingly, our success will depend, in part, on our ability to respond quickly
+Added: to medical and technological changes through the development and introduction of new products.
+Added: We may not have the resources to do this.
+Added: If our products become obsolete and our efforts to develop new products do not result in commercially successful products, then our sales
+Added: and revenues will decline.
We are, and will continue to be, significantly
−Removed: dependent, in-part, on outside scientists and third-party research institutions for our research and development in order to be able
−Removed: to commercialize our product candidates.
−Removed: We currently have a limited number of employees
−Removed: and resources available to perform the research and development necessary to commercialize our product candidates and potential future
−Removed: product candidates.
−Removed: We therefore rely, and will continue to rely, on third-party research institutions, collaborators and consultants
−Removed: for this capability.
−Removed: We will depend on third parties for the
−Removed: manufacture and distribution of our product candidates and products, if cleared or approved, and the loss of our third-party manufacturer
−Removed: and distributor could harm our business.
+Added: dependent, in-part, on outside scientists and third-party research institutions for our research and development in order to be able to
+Added: commercialize our product candidates.
+Added: We currently have a limited number of employees and
+Added: resources available to perform the research and development necessary to commercialize our product candidates and potential future product
+Added: We therefore rely, and will continue to rely, on third-party research institutions, collaborators and consultants for this
+Added: We will depend on third parties for the manufacture
+Added: and distribution of our product candidates and products, if cleared or approved, and the loss of our third-party manufacturer and distributor
+Added: could harm our business.
We will depend on our third-party contract manufacturing
6 unchanged sentences
In addition, manufacturers could encounter
−Removed: difficulties, including, but not limited to, those caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, in securing long-lead time components, achieving
−Removed: volume production, quality control and quality assurance or suffer shortages of qualified personnel, which could result in their inability
−Removed: to manufacture sufficient quantities of our commercially available product, if cleared or approved, to meet market demand.
−Removed: Our third-party
−Removed: manufacturer or distributor may also fail to follow and remain in compliance with FDA regulations which could lead to significant delays
−Removed: in the availability of materials for our product candidates or products, if cleared or approved and/or FDA enforcement actions against
−Removed: them and/or us.
−Removed: If we are unable to obtain adequate supplies of
−Removed: our product candidates and products that meet our specifications and quality standards, it will be difficult for us to compete effectively.
−Removed: We may be unable to build an effective
−Removed: distribution network for our products, if cleared or approved.
−Removed: We currently have very few employees and we may
−Removed: either build internal capabilities or rely on distributors to sell our products, if cleared or approved.
−Removed: We cannot assure you that we
−Removed: will succeed in building an internal team or entering into and maintaining productive arrangements with an adequate number of distributors
−Removed: that are sufficiently committed to selling our products, if cleared or approved.
−Removed: The establishment of a distribution network is expensive
−Removed: and time consuming.
−Removed: As we launch new products and increase our marketing effort with respect to existing products, we will need to continue
−Removed: to hire, train, retain and motivate skilled resources with significant technical knowledge.
+Added: difficulties in securing long-lead time components, achieving volume production, quality control and quality assurance or suffer shortages
+Added: of qualified personnel, which could result in their inability to manufacture sufficient quantities of our commercially available product,
+Added: if cleared or approved, to meet market demand.
+Added: Our third-party manufacturer or distributor may also fail to follow and remain in compliance
+Added: with FDA regulations which could lead to significant delays in the availability of materials for our product candidates or products, if
+Added: cleared or approved and/or FDA enforcement actions against them and/or us.
+Added: If we are unable to obtain adequate supplies of our
+Added: product candidates and products that meet our specifications and quality standards, it will be difficult for us to compete effectively.
+Added: We may be unable to build an effective distribution
+Added: network for our products, if cleared or approved.
+Added: We currently have very few employees and we may either
+Added: build internal capabilities or rely on distributors to sell our products, if cleared or approved.
+Added: We cannot assure you that we will succeed
+Added: in building an internal team or entering into and maintaining productive arrangements with an adequate number of distributors that are
+Added: sufficiently committed to selling our products, if cleared or approved.
+Added: The establishment of a distribution network is expensive and time
+Added: As we launch new products and increase our marketing effort with respect to existing products, we will need to continue to
+Added: hire, train, retain and motivate skilled resources with significant technical knowledge.
In addition, the commissions we pay for product
13 unchanged sentences
Risks Related to Intellectual Property
−Removed: We may be unable to adequately protect its
−Removed: proprietary and intellectual property rights.
+Added: We may be unable to adequately protect its proprietary
+Added: and intellectual property rights.
Our ability to compete may depend on the superiority,
1 unchanged sentence
We intend to protect our proprietary
−Removed: rights by relying on a combination of patent, trademark, copyright and trade secret laws, confidentiality agreements with its employees
+Added: rights by relying on a combination of patent, trademark, copyright and trade secret laws, confidentiality agreements with our employees
and third parties, and protective contractual provisions.
12 unchanged sentences
We may be forced to litigate to defend our intellectual property rights, or to defend against claims by third parties against us relating to intellectual property rights.
−Removed: We may not be able to protect intellectual
−Removed: property that we hope to acquire, which could adversely affect our business.
−Removed: The companies that we hope to acquire may rely
−Removed: on patent, trademark, trade secret, and copyright protection to protect their technology.
−Removed: We believe that technological leadership can
−Removed: be achieved through additional factors such as the technological and creative skills of our personnel, new product developments, frequent
+Added: We may not be able to protect intellectual property
+Added: that we hope to acquire, which could adversely affect our business.
+Added: The companies that we hope to acquire may rely on
+Added: patent, trademark, trade secret, and copyright protection to protect their technology.
+Added: We believe that technological leadership can be
+Added: achieved through additional factors such as the technological and creative skills of our personnel, new product developments, frequent
product enhancements, name recognition, and reliable product maintenance.
20 unchanged sentences
and personnel, and significant liabilities to third parties, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business.
−Removed: We may not be able to protect our trade
−Removed: names and domain names.
−Removed: We may not be able to protect our trade
−Removed: names and domain names against all infringers, which could decrease the value of our brand name and proprietary rights.
−Removed: hold the Internet domain name Odyssey Health, Inc.
−Removed: Domain names are generally regulated by Internet regulatory bodies, are subject
−Removed: to change, and, in some cases, may be superseded, in some cases by by-laws, rules and regulations governing the registration of
−Removed: trade names and trademarks with the United States Patent and Trademark Office as well as ascertain other common law rights.
−Removed: domain registrars are changed, if new ones are created, or if we are deemed to be infringing upon another’s trade name or
−Removed: trademark, we may be unable to prevent third parties from acquiring or using, as the case may be, our domain name, trade names or
−Removed: trademarks, which could adversely affect our brand name and other proprietary rights.
−Removed: We may be forced to litigate to enforce
−Removed: or defend our intellectual property rights, to protect our trade secrets or to determine the validity and scope of other parties’
−Removed: proprietary rights.
+Added: We may not be able to protect our trade names
+Added: and domain names.
+Added: We may not be able to protect our trade names
+Added: and domain names against all infringers, which could decrease the value of our brand name and proprietary rights.
+Added: We currently hold the
+Added: Internet domain name Odyssey Health, Inc.
+Added: Domain names are generally regulated by Internet regulatory bodies, are subject to change, and,
+Added: in some cases, may be superseded, in some cases by by-laws, rules and regulations governing the registration of trade names and trademarks
+Added: with the United States Patent and Trademark Office as well as other common law rights.
+Added: If the domain registrars are changed, if new ones
+Added: are created, or if we are deemed to be infringing upon another’s trade name or trademark, we may be unable to prevent third parties
+Added: from acquiring or using, as the case may be, our domain name, trade names or trademarks, which could adversely affect our brand name and
+Added: other proprietary rights.
+Added: We may be forced to litigate to enforce or defend
+Added: our intellectual property rights, to protect our trade secrets or to determine the validity and scope of other parties’ proprietary
Any such litigation could be very costly and could
16 unchanged sentences
which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, sales, cash flow or financial condition.
−Removed: If our intellectual property protection
−Removed: is inadequate, competitors may gain access to our technology and undermine our competitive position.
−Removed: We regard our intended and future intellectual
−Removed: property as important to our success, and we intend to rely on patent law to protect our proprietary rights.
−Removed: Despite our precautions,
−Removed: unauthorized third parties may copy certain portions of our devices or products or reverse engineer or obtain and use information that
−Removed: we regard as proprietary.
+Added: If our intellectual property protection is inadequate,
+Added: competitors may gain access to our technology and undermine our competitive position.
+Added: We regard our intended and future intellectual property
+Added: as important to our success, and we intend to rely on patent law to protect our proprietary rights.
+Added: Despite our precautions, unauthorized
+Added: third parties may copy certain portions of our devices or products or reverse engineer or obtain and use information that we regard as
We may seek additional patents in the future.
−Removed: We do not know if any future patent application will be issued
−Removed: with the scope of the claims, we seek, if at all or whether any patents we receive will be challenged or invalidated.
−Removed: Thus, we cannot
−Removed: assure you that any intellectual property rights that we may receive can be successfully asserted in the future or that they will not
−Removed: be invalidated, circumvented or challenged.
−Removed: In addition, the laws of some foreign countries do not protect proprietary rights to the same
−Removed: extent, as do the laws of the United States.
−Removed: Our means of protecting any proprietary rights we may receive in the United States or abroad
−Removed: may not be adequate and competitors may independently develop a similar technology.
−Removed: Any failure to protect our proprietary information
−Removed: and any successful intellectual property challenges or infringement proceedings against us could have a material adverse effect on our
−Removed: business, financial condition and results of operations.
−Removed: We may be subject to various litigation
−Removed: claims and legal proceedings, including intellectual property litigation, such as patent infringement claims, which could adversely affect
−Removed: our business.
−Removed: We, as well as, our directors and officers, may
−Removed: be subject to claims or lawsuits.
−Removed: These lawsuits may result in significant legal fees and expenses and could divert management’s
−Removed: time and other resources.
−Removed: If the claims contained in these lawsuits are successfully asserted against us, we could be liable for damages
−Removed: and be required to alter or cease portions of our business practices or product lines.
−Removed: Any of these outcomes could cause our business,
−Removed: financial performance and cash position to be negatively impacted.
−Removed: Additionally, our commercial success will also
−Removed: depend, in part, on not infringing on the patents or proprietary rights of others.
−Removed: There can be no assurance that the technologies and
−Removed: products used or developed by us will not infringe such rights.
−Removed: If such infringement occurs and we are not able to obtain a license from
−Removed: the relevant third party, we will not be able to continue the development, manufacture, use, or sale of any such infringing technology
−Removed: There can be no assurance that necessary licenses to third-party technology will be available at all or on commercially reasonable
−Removed: In some cases, litigation or other proceedings may be necessary to defend against or assert claims of infringement or to determine
−Removed: the scope and validity of the proprietary rights of third parties.
−Removed: Any potential litigation could result in substantial costs to, and
−Removed: diversion of, our resources and could have a material and adverse impact on us.
+Added: We do not know if any future patent application will be issued with the scope
+Added: of the claims we seek, if at all or whether any patents we receive will be challenged or invalidated.
+Added: Thus, we cannot assure you that
+Added: any intellectual property rights that we may receive can be successfully asserted in the future or that they will not be invalidated,
+Added: circumvented or challenged.
+Added: In addition, the laws of some foreign countries do not protect proprietary rights to the same extent, as do
+Added: the laws of the United States.
+Added: Our means of protecting any proprietary rights we may receive in the United States or abroad may not be
+Added: adequate and competitors may independently develop a similar technology.
+Added: Any failure to protect our proprietary information and any successful
+Added: intellectual property challenges or infringement proceedings against us could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial
+Added: condition and results of operations.
+Added: We may be subject to various litigation claims
+Added: and legal proceedings, including intellectual property litigation, such as patent infringement claims, which could adversely affect our
+Added: We, as well as our directors and officers, may be
+Added: subject to claims or lawsuits.
+Added: These lawsuits may result in significant legal fees and expenses and could divert management’s time
+Added: and other resources.
+Added: If the claims contained in these lawsuits are successfully asserted against us, we could be liable for damages and
+Added: be required to alter or cease portions of our business practices or product lines.
+Added: Any of these outcomes could cause our business, financial
+Added: performance and cash position to be negatively impacted.
+Added: Additionally, our commercial success will also depend,
+Added: in part, on not infringing on the patents or proprietary rights of others.
+Added: There can be no assurance that the technologies and products
+Added: used or developed by us will not infringe such rights.
+Added: If such infringement occurs and we are not able to obtain a license from the relevant
+Added: third party, we will not be able to continue the development, manufacture, use, or sale of any such infringing technology or product.
+Added: There can be no assurance that necessary licenses to third-party technology will be available at all or on commercially reasonable terms.
+Added: In some cases, litigation or other proceedings may be necessary to defend against or assert claims of infringement or to determine the
+Added: scope and validity of the proprietary rights of third parties.
+Added: Any potential litigation could result in substantial costs to, and diversion
+Added: of, our resources and could have a material and adverse impact on us.
An adverse outcome in any such litigation or proceeding
2 unchanged sentences
Risks Related to Government Regulation
−Removed: Our products are subject to substantial
−Removed: federal and state regulations.
+Added: Our products are subject to substantial federal
+Added: and state regulations.
Our research and development activities and the
manufacturing and marketing of our product candidates and products, if cleared or approved, are subject to the laws, regulations, and
−Removed: guidelines in the United States and other countries in which the products will be marketed, if cleared or approved.
−Removed: Specifically, in the
−Removed: United States, the FDA regulates, among other areas, new medical device clearances and approvals and the development and commercialization
−Removed: of prescription drugs.
−Removed: Obtaining FDA marketing authorization will
−Removed: be costly, may result in time-consuming delays and will subject us to ongoing compliance costs and regulatory risk for non-compliance.
−Removed: Obtaining FDA marketing authorization, through
−Removed: clearance, or pre-market approval (“PMA”) for medical devices and approval of drugs can be expensive and uncertain, can take
−Removed: years, and require detailed and comprehensive scientific and clinical data.
−Removed: Notwithstanding the expense, these efforts may never result
−Removed: in FDA authorization.
−Removed: Even if we were to obtain regulatory authorization, it may not be for the uses we intended or which are commercially
−Removed: attractive, in which case we would not be permitted to market our product for those uses.
−Removed: The FDA can delay, limit or deny authorization
−Removed: of a device or drug for many reasons, including:
−Removed: our inability to demonstrate to the FDA’s satisfaction that our product candidate is safe and effective for its intended
−Removed: the data from our
−Removed: pre-clinical studies and clinical trials may be insufficient to support authorization, where required;
+Added: guidelines in the United States and other countries in which the products will be marketed,.
+Added: Specifically, in the United States, the FDA
+Added: regulates, among other areas, new medical device clearances and approvals and the development and commercialization of prescription drugs.
+Added: Obtaining FDA marketing authorization will be
+Added: costly, may result in time-consuming delays and will subject us to ongoing compliance costs and regulatory risk for non-compliance.
+Added: Obtaining FDA marketing authorization, through clearance,
+Added: or pre-market approval (“PMA”) for medical devices and approval of drugs can be expensive and uncertain, can take years, and
+Added: require detailed and comprehensive scientific and clinical data.
+Added: Notwithstanding the expense, these efforts may never result in FDA authorization.
+Added: Even if we were to obtain regulatory authorization, it may not be for the uses we intended or which are commercially attractive, in which
+Added: case we would not be permitted to market our product for those uses.
+Added: The FDA can delay, limit or deny authorization of
+Added: a device or drug for many reasons, including:
+Added: our inability to demonstrate to the FDA’s satisfaction that our product candidate is safe and effective for its intended users;
+Added: the data from our pre-clinical studies and clinical trials may be insufficient to support authorization, where required;
the manufacturing process or facilities we use may not meet applicable requirements.
−Removed: In addition, the FDA may change its
−Removed: authorization policies, adopt additional regulations or revise existing regulations, or take other actions, which may prevent or
−Removed: delay marketing authorization of our product candidates under development.
−Removed: Any delay in, or failure to receive or maintain clearance
−Removed: or approval for our product candidates, could prevent us from generating revenue from our products, if cleared or approved, and
−Removed: could adversely affect our business operations and financial results.
−Removed: Even if granted, a 510(k) clearance, de novo
−Removed: classification and clearance, or pre-market approval for any future product may place substantial restrictions on how our device or
−Removed: drug is marketed or sold, and FDA will continue to place considerable restrictions on our products and operations.
−Removed: The manufacture,
−Removed: distribution and sale of medical devices and drugs must comply with extensive laws and regulations, including those relating to
−Removed: registration and listing, labeling, marketing, complaint handling, adverse event and medical device reporting, reporting of
−Removed: corrections and removals, and import and export.
−Removed: If we or our facilities or those of our manufacturers or suppliers are found to be
−Removed: in violation of applicable laws and regulations, or if we or our manufacturers or suppliers fail to take satisfactory corrective
−Removed: action in response to an adverse inspection, the regulatory authority could take enforcement action, including any of the following
+Added: In addition, the FDA may change its authorization
+Added: policies, adopt additional regulations or revise existing regulations, or take other actions, which may prevent or delay marketing authorization
+Added: of our product candidates under development.
+Added: Any delay in, or failure to receive or maintain clearance or approval for our product candidates,
+Added: could prevent us from generating revenue from our products, if cleared or approved, and could adversely affect our business operations
+Added: and financial results.
+Added: Even if granted, a 510(k) clearance, de novo classification
+Added: and clearance, or pre-market approval for any future product may place substantial restrictions on how our device or drug is marketed
+Added: or sold, and the FDA will continue to place considerable restrictions on our products and operations.
+Added: The manufacture, distribution and
+Added: sale of medical devices and drugs must comply with extensive laws and regulations, including those relating to registration and listing,
+Added: labeling, marketing, complaint handling, adverse event and medical device reporting, reporting of corrections and removals, and import
+Added: If we or our facilities or those of our manufacturers or suppliers are found to be in violation of applicable laws and regulations,
+Added: or if we or our manufacturers or suppliers fail to take satisfactory corrective action in response to an adverse inspection, the regulatory
+Added: authority could take enforcement action, including any of the following sanctions:
untitled letters, warning letters, fines, injunctions, consent decrees and civil penalties;
28 unchanged sentences
We cannot begin any clinical trials in the United States until 30 days after the IND has
−Removed: been accepted by FDA.
+Added: been accepted by the FDA.
Clinical trials involve the administration of the investigational product to human subjects under the supervision
18 unchanged sentences
reporting of ongoing clinical studies and clinical study results to public registries.
−Removed: Human clinical trials are typically conducted
−Removed: in three sequential phases that may overlap or be combined:
+Added: Human clinical trials are typically conducted in three
+Added: sequential phases that may overlap or be combined:
The product candidate is initially introduced into healthy human subjects or patients with the target disease or condition.
16 unchanged sentences
third parties or us.
−Removed: We cannot guarantee that clinical trials
−Removed: will be conducted as planned or completed on schedule, if at all.
−Removed: A failure of one or more clinical trials can occur at any stage of
−Removed: Delays, including, but not limited to those caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, can be costly and could negatively affect
−Removed: our ability to complete a clinical trial and may allow our competitors to bring products to market before we do, which could impair
−Removed: our ability to receive marketing authorization and successfully commercialize our products.
−Removed: If we are unable to complete such
−Removed: planned clinical trials, or are unsuccessful in doing so, we may be unable to advance our product candidates to regulatory
−Removed: authorization and commercialization, which would harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
−Removed: We may be substantially dependent on third
−Removed: parties to conduct our clinical trials.
−Removed: Since we may conduct clinical trials to obtain
−Removed: FDA marketing authorization, we will need to rely heavily on third parties over the course of our clinical trials, and as a result will
−Removed: have limited control over the clinical investigators and limited visibility into their day-to-day activities.
−Removed: Nevertheless,
−Removed: we are responsible for ensuring that each of our studies is conducted in accordance with the applicable protocol and legal, regulatory
−Removed: and scientific standards, and our reliance on third parties does not relieve us of our regulatory responsibilities.
−Removed: We and the foregoing
−Removed: third parties are required to comply with current good clinical practices, or cGCPs, which are regulations and guidelines enforced by
−Removed: the FDA and comparable foreign regulatory authorities for product candidates in clinical development.
−Removed: Regulatory authorities enforce these
−Removed: cGCPs through periodic inspections of trial sponsors, principal investigators, and trial sites.
−Removed: If we or any of these third parties fail
−Removed: to comply with applicable cGCP regulations, the clinical data generated in our clinical trials may be deemed unreliable and the FDA or
−Removed: comparable foreign regulatory authorities may require us to perform additional nonclinical or clinical trials before approving our marketing
−Removed: applications or may subject them or us to regulatory enforcement actions.
−Removed: We cannot be certain that, upon inspection, such regulatory
−Removed: authorities will determine that any of our clinical trials comply with the cGCP regulations.
−Removed: In addition, our clinical trials may be required
−Removed: to be conducted with a large number of test patients.
−Removed: Our failure or any failure by these third parties to comply with these regulations,
−Removed: or to recruit a sufficient number of patients may require us to repeat clinical trials, which would delay the regulatory marketing authorization
−Removed: Moreover, our business may be implicated if any of these third parties violates federal or state fraud and abuse or false claims
−Removed: laws and regulations or healthcare privacy and security laws.
−Removed: Any third parties conducting our clinical trials
−Removed: are not and will not be our employees and, except for remedies available to us under our agreements with such third parties, we cannot
−Removed: control whether or not they devote sufficient time and resources to our ongoing preclinical, clinical, and nonclinical programs.
−Removed: third parties may also have relationships with other commercial entities, including our competitors, for whom they may also be conducting
−Removed: clinical studies or other development activities, which could affect their performance on our behalf.
−Removed: If these third parties do not successfully
−Removed: carry out their contractual duties or obligations or meet expected deadlines, if they need to be replaced, or if the quality or accuracy
−Removed: of the clinical data they obtain is compromised due to the failure to adhere to our clinical protocols or regulatory requirements or for
+Added: We cannot guarantee that clinical trials will be conducted
+Added: as planned or completed on schedule, if at all.
+Added: A failure of one or more clinical trials can occur at any stage of testing.
+Added: be costly and could negatively affect our ability to complete a clinical trial and may allow our competitors to bring products to market
+Added: before we do, which could impair our ability to receive marketing authorization and successfully commercialize our products.
+Added: unable to complete such planned clinical trials, or are unsuccessful in doing so, we may be unable to advance our product candidates to
+Added: regulatory authorization and commercialization, which would harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
+Added: We may be substantially dependent on third parties
+Added: to conduct our clinical trials.
+Added: Since we may conduct clinical trials to obtain FDA
+Added: marketing authorization, we will need to rely heavily on third parties over the course of our clinical trials, and as a result will have
+Added: limited control over the clinical investigators and limited visibility into their day-to-day activities.
+Added: Nevertheless, we are
+Added: responsible for ensuring that each of our studies is conducted in accordance with the applicable protocol and legal, regulatory and scientific
+Added: standards, and our reliance on third parties does not relieve us of our regulatory responsibilities.
+Added: We and the foregoing third parties
+Added: are required to comply with current good clinical practices, or cGCPs, which are regulations and guidelines enforced by the FDA and comparable
+Added: foreign regulatory authorities for product candidates in clinical development.
+Added: Regulatory authorities enforce these cGCPs through periodic
+Added: inspections of trial sponsors, principal investigators, and trial sites.
+Added: If we or any of these third parties fail to comply with applicable
+Added: cGCP regulations, the clinical data generated in our clinical trials may be deemed unreliable and the FDA or comparable foreign regulatory
+Added: authorities may require us to perform additional nonclinical or clinical trials before approving our marketing applications or may subject
+Added: them or us to regulatory enforcement actions.
+Added: We cannot be certain that, upon inspection, such regulatory authorities will determine that
+Added: any of our clinical trials comply with the cGCP regulations.
+Added: In addition, our clinical trials may be required to be conducted with a large
+Added: number of test patients.
+Added: Our failure or any failure by these third parties to comply with these regulations, or to recruit a sufficient
+Added: number of patients may require us to repeat clinical trials, which would delay the regulatory marketing authorization process.
+Added: our business may be implicated if any of these third parties violates federal or state fraud and abuse or false claims laws and regulations
+Added: or healthcare privacy and security laws.
+Added: Any third parties conducting our clinical trials are
+Added: not and will not be our employees and, except for remedies available to us under our agreements with such third parties, we cannot control
+Added: whether or not they devote sufficient time and resources to our ongoing preclinical, clinical, and nonclinical programs.
+Added: These third parties
+Added: may also have relationships with other commercial entities, including our competitors, for whom they may also be conducting clinical studies
+Added: or other development activities, which could affect their performance on our behalf.
+Added: If these third parties do not successfully carry
+Added: out their contractual duties or obligations or meet expected deadlines, if they need to be replaced, or if the quality or accuracy of
+Added: the clinical data they obtain is compromised due to the failure to adhere to our clinical protocols or regulatory requirements or for
other reasons, our clinical trials may be extended, delayed, or terminated and we may not be able to complete development of, obtain regulatory
2 unchanged sentences
prospects for our product candidate would be harmed, our costs could increase, and our ability to generate revenue could be delayed.
−Removed: If any of our relationships terminate with these
−Removed: third-party CROs, we may not be able to enter into arrangements with alternative CROs or do so on commercially reasonable terms.
−Removed: or adding additional CROs involves additional cost and requires management time and focus.
−Removed: In addition, there is a natural transition
−Removed: period when a new CRO begins work.
−Removed: As a result, delays occur, which can materially affect our ability to meet our desired clinical development
−Removed: Though we carefully manage our relationships with our CROs, there can be no assurance that we will not encounter similar challenges
−Removed: or delays in the future or that these delays or challenges will not have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition,
+Added: If any of our relationships terminate with these third-party
+Added: CROs, we may not be able to enter into arrangements with alternative CROs or do so on commercially reasonable terms.
+Added: Switching or adding
+Added: additional CROs involves additional cost and requires management time and focus.
+Added: In addition, there is a natural transition period when
+Added: a new CRO begins work.
+Added: As a result, delays occur, which can materially affect our ability to meet our desired clinical development timelines.
+Added: Though we carefully manage our relationships with our CROs, there can be no assurance that we will not encounter similar challenges or
+Added: delays in the future or that these delays or challenges will not have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition,
and prospects.
1 unchanged sentence
clinical trials due to side effects or other safety risks that could preclude approval of our products.
−Removed: Our clinical trials may be suspended at any time
−Removed: for a number of reasons.
+Added: Our clinical trials may be suspended at any time for
+Added: a number of reasons.
We may voluntarily suspend or terminate our clinical trials if at any time we believe that they present an unacceptable
3 unchanged sentences
they present an unacceptable safety risk to participants.
−Removed: If we are unable to obtain a reimbursement
−Removed: code from the U.S.
−Removed: Department of Health and Human Services so that our devices or drugs, following receipt of marketing authorization
−Removed: are covered under Medicare and Medicaid, this could have a negative impact on our intended sales and would have a material adverse effect
−Removed: on our business, financial condition and operating results.
+Added: If we are unable to obtain a reimbursement code
+Added: from the U.S.
+Added: Department of Health and Human Services so that our devices or drugs, following receipt of marketing authorization are covered
+Added: under Medicare and Medicaid, this could have a negative impact on our intended sales and would have a material adverse effect on our business,
+Added: financial condition and operating results.
We plan to submit an application to the U.S.
6 unchanged sentences
on our sales and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.
−Removed: If we fail to comply with healthcare laws,
−Removed: we could face substantial penalties and financial exposure, and our business, operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.
−Removed: We do not have a product available for sale in
−Removed: the United States.
−Removed: If, however, we achieve this goal, the availability of payments from Medicare, Medicaid or other third-party payers
−Removed: would mean that many healthcare laws would place limitations and requirements on the manner in which we conduct our business, including
−Removed: our sales and promotional activities and interactions with healthcare professionals and facilities.
−Removed: In some instances, our interactions
−Removed: with healthcare professionals and facilities that occurred prior to commercialization (e.g., the granting of stock options) could have
−Removed: implications at a later date.
+Added: If we fail to comply with healthcare laws, we
+Added: could face substantial penalties and financial exposure, and our business, operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.
+Added: We do not have a product available for sale in the
+Added: United States.
+Added: If, however, we achieve this goal, the availability of payments from Medicare, Medicaid or other third-party payers would
+Added: mean that many healthcare laws would place limitations and requirements on the manner in which we conduct our business, including our
+Added: sales and promotional activities and interactions with healthcare professionals and facilities.
+Added: In some instances, our interactions with
+Added: healthcare professionals and facilities that occurred prior to commercialization (e.g., the granting of stock options) could have implications
+Added: at a later date.
The laws that may affect our ability to operate include, among others:
−Removed: (i) the federal healthcare programs
−Removed: Anti-Kickback Statute, which prohibits, among other things, persons from knowingly and willfully soliciting, receiving, offering or paying
−Removed: remuneration, directly or indirectly, in exchange for or to induce either the referral of an individual for, or the purchase, order or
−Removed: recommendation of, any good or service for which payment may be made under federal healthcare programs such as Medicare or Medicaid, (ii) federal
+Added: (i) the federal healthcare programs Anti-Kickback
+Added: Statute, which prohibits, among other things, persons from knowingly and willfully soliciting, receiving, offering or paying remuneration,
+Added: directly or indirectly, in exchange for or to induce either the referral of an individual for, or the purchase, order or recommendation
+Added: of, any good or service for which payment may be made under federal healthcare programs such as Medicare or Medicaid, (ii) federal
false claims laws which prohibit, among other things, individuals or entities from knowingly presenting, or causing to be presented, claims
9 unchanged sentences
complicating compliance efforts.
−Removed: If our operations are found to be in violation
−Removed: of any of the laws described above or any other governmental regulations that apply to us, we may be subject to penalties, including civil
+Added: If our operations are found to be in violation of
+Added: any of the laws described above or any other governmental regulations that apply to us, we may be subject to penalties, including civil
and criminal penalties, exclusion from participation in government healthcare programs, damages, fines and the curtailment or restructuring
10 unchanged sentences
We may be subject to governmental, regulatory and other
−Removed: legal proceedings relative to advertising, promotion, and marketing, and communications with study subjects and healthcare professionals,
+Added: legal proceedings related to advertising, promotion, and marketing, and communications with study subjects and healthcare professionals,
which could have a significant negative effect on our business.
−Removed: We are subject to governmental oversight and
−Removed: associated civil and criminal enforcement relating to advertising, promotion, and marketing, and such enforcement is evolving and
−Removed: intensifying.
−Removed: Communications regarding our products in development and regarding our clinical trials may subject us to enforcement
−Removed: if they do not comply with applicable laws and regulations.
−Removed: In the United States, we are potentially subject to enforcement from the
−Removed: FDA, other divisions of the Department of Health and Human Services, the U.S.
−Removed: Federal Trade Commission (the “FTC”), the
−Removed: Department of Justice, and state and local governments.
−Removed: Other parties, including private plaintiffs, are also commonly bringing
−Removed: suit against pharmaceutical and medical device companies.
−Removed: We may be subject to liability based on the actions of individual
−Removed: employees and third-party contractors carrying out activities on our behalf.
−Removed: legislative or FDA regulatory reforms
−Removed: may make it more difficult and costly for us to obtain regulatory approval of our product candidates and to manufacture, market and distribute
+Added: We are subject to governmental oversight and associated
+Added: civil and criminal enforcement relating to advertising, promotion, and marketing, and such enforcement is evolving and intensifying.
+Added: Communications
+Added: regarding our products in development and regarding our clinical trials may subject us to enforcement if they do not comply with applicable
+Added: laws and regulations.
+Added: In the United States, we are potentially subject to enforcement from the FDA, other divisions of the Department
+Added: of Health and Human Services, the U.S.
+Added: Federal Trade Commission (the “FTC”), the Department of Justice, and state and local
+Added: Other parties, including private plaintiffs, are also commonly bringing suit against pharmaceutical and medical device companies.
+Added: We may be subject to liability based on the actions of individual employees and third-party contractors carrying out activities on our
+Added: legislative or FDA regulatory reforms may
+Added: make it more difficult and costly for us to obtain regulatory approval of our product candidates and to manufacture, market and distribute
our products after marketing authorization is obtained.
−Removed: From time to time, legislation is drafted and
−Removed: introduced in Congress that could significantly change the statutory provisions governing the regulatory approval, manufacture and marketing
−Removed: of regulated products or the reimbursement thereof.
−Removed: In addition, FDA regulations and guidance are often revised or reinterpreted by the
−Removed: FDA in ways that may significantly affect our business and our products.
−Removed: Any new regulations or revisions or reinterpretations of existing
−Removed: regulations may impose additional costs or lengthen review times of future products.
−Removed: In addition, FDA regulations and guidance are often
−Removed: revised or reinterpreted by the agency in ways that may significantly affect our business and our products.
−Removed: It is impossible to predict
−Removed: whether legislative or FDA regulation changes will be enacted, or whether guidance or interpretations will change, and what the impact
−Removed: of such changes, if any, may be.
+Added: From time to time, legislation is drafted and introduced
+Added: in Congress that could significantly change the statutory provisions governing the regulatory approval, manufacture and marketing of regulated
+Added: products or the reimbursement thereof.
+Added: In addition, FDA regulations and guidance are often revised or reinterpreted by the FDA in ways
+Added: that may significantly affect our business and our products.
+Added: Any new regulations or revisions or reinterpretations of existing regulations
+Added: may impose additional costs or lengthen review times of future products.
+Added: In addition, FDA regulations and guidance are often revised or
+Added: reinterpreted by the agency in ways that may significantly affect our business and our products.
+Added: It is impossible to predict whether legislative
+Added: or FDA regulation changes will be enacted, or whether guidance or interpretations will change, and what the impact of such changes, if
Risks Related to our Business Operations
−Removed: Failure to implement our business strategy
−Removed: could adversely affect our operations.
−Removed: Our financial position, liquidity and results
−Removed: of operations depend on our management’s ability to execute our business strategy.
−Removed: Key factors involved in the execution of the
−Removed: business strategy include:
+Added: Failure to implement our business strategy could
+Added: adversely affect our operations.
+Added: Our financial position, liquidity and results of operations
+Added: depend on our management’s ability to execute our business strategy.
+Added: Key factors involved in the execution of the business strategy
successful sales through indirect sales distribution;
3 unchanged sentences
obtaining the required regulatory clearances or approvals from the FDA.
−Removed: Our failure or inability to execute any element
−Removed: of our business strategy could materially adversely affect our financial position, liquidity and results of operations.
−Removed: Our inability to attract, train and retain
−Removed: additional qualified personnel may harm our business and impede the implementation of our business strategy.
−Removed: We may need to attract,
−Removed: integrate, motivate and retain personnel with specific qualifications in the future .
−Removed: Competition for these individuals in our industry
−Removed: and geographic region is intense, and we may be unable to attract, assimilate or retain such highly qualified personnel in the future.
−Removed: Our business cannot continue to grow if we are unable to attract such qualified personnel.
−Removed: Our failure to attract and retain highly trained
−Removed: personnel that are essential to our business may limit our growth rate, which would harm our business and impede the implementation of
−Removed: our business strategy.
−Removed: We may be unable to maintain sufficient
−Removed: product liability insurance.
−Removed: We may incur product liability for products sold
−Removed: through our distribution chain.
−Removed: Consumers may sue if products sold through our distribution chain or purchased through our websites are
−Removed: defective or injure the user.
−Removed: This type of claim could require us to spend significant time and money in litigation or to pay significant
+Added: Our failure or inability to execute any element of
+Added: our business strategy could materially adversely affect our financial position, liquidity and results of operations.
+Added: Our inability to attract, train and retain additional
+Added: qualified personnel may harm our business and impede the implementation of our business strategy.
+Added: We may need to attract, integrate, motivate and retain
+Added: personnel with specific qualifications in the future.
+Added: Competition for these individuals in our industry and geographic region is intense,
+Added: and we may be unable to attract, assimilate or retain such highly qualified personnel in the future.
+Added: Our business cannot continue to grow
+Added: if we are unable to attract such qualified personnel.
+Added: Our failure to attract and retain highly trained personnel that are essential to
+Added: our business may limit our growth rate, which would harm our business and impede the implementation of our business strategy.
+Added: We currently do not maintain product liability
+Added: insurance as we do not have marketed products.
+Added: At the time we require it, we may be unable to maintain sufficient product liability insurance.
+Added: We may incur product liability for products sold through
+Added: our distribution chain.
+Added: Consumers may sue if products sold through our distribution chain or purchased through our websites are defective
+Added: or injure the user.
+Added: This type of claim could require us to spend significant time and money in litigation or to pay significant damages.
At this time, we carry no product liability insurance.
−Removed: As a result, any legal claims, whether or not successful, could seriously
−Removed: damage our reputation and business.
−Removed: Conducting any future clinical trials of
−Removed: our product candidates and any future commercial sales of a product candidate may expose us to expensive product liability claims, and
−Removed: we may not be able to maintain product liability insurance on reasonable terms or at all and may be required to limit commercialization
−Removed: of our product candidates.
−Removed: We face an inherent risk of product liability
−Removed: as a result of the preclinical and future clinical testing of our product candidates and will face an even greater risk when and if we
−Removed: commercialize any products.
−Removed: For example, we may be sued if our product candidates cause or are perceived to cause injury or are found
−Removed: to be otherwise unsuitable during preclinical or clinical testing, manufacturing, marketing or sale.
−Removed: Any such product liability claims
−Removed: may include allegations of defects in manufacturing, defects in design, a failure to warn of dangers inherent in the product, negligence,
−Removed: strict liability or a breach of warranties.
+Added: As a result, any legal claims, whether or not successful, could seriously damage
+Added: our reputation and business.
+Added: Conducting any future clinical trials of our
+Added: product candidates and any future commercial sales of a product candidate may expose us to expensive product liability claims, and we
+Added: may not be able to maintain product liability insurance on reasonable terms or at all and may be required to limit commercialization of
+Added: our product candidates.
+Added: We face an inherent risk of product liability as a
+Added: result of the preclinical and future clinical testing of our product candidates and will face an even greater risk when and if we commercialize
+Added: any products.
+Added: For example, we may be sued if our product candidates cause or are perceived to cause injury or are found to be otherwise
+Added: unsuitable during preclinical or clinical testing, manufacturing, marketing or sale.
+Added: Any such product liability claims may include allegations
+Added: of defects in manufacturing, defects in design, a failure to warn of dangers inherent in the product, negligence, strict liability or
+Added: a breach of warranties.
Claims could also be asserted under state consumer protection acts.
−Removed: If we cannot successfully
−Removed: defend ourselves against product liability claims, we may incur substantial liabilities or be required to limit testing and commercialization
−Removed: of our product candidates.
+Added: If we cannot successfully defend ourselves
+Added: against product liability claims, we may incur substantial liabilities or be required to limit testing and commercialization of our product
Even successful defense would require significant financial and management resources.
−Removed: Regardless of the merits
−Removed: or eventual outcome, liability claims may result in:
+Added: Regardless of the merits or eventual
+Added: outcome, liability claims may result in:
decreased or interrupted demand for our products;
3 unchanged sentences
costs to defend the related litigation;
−Removed: a diversion of management’s time and our resources;
+Added: a diversion of management time and our resources;
substantial monetary awards to trial participants or patients;
14 unchanged sentences
may not be available or adequate should any claim arise.
−Removed: We anticipate growth in our business, and
−Removed: any inability to manage such growth could harm our business.
−Removed: Our success will depend, in part, on our ability
−Removed: to effectively manage our growth and expansion.
+Added: If we are successful in acquiring and developing
+Added: medical products and as we grow our business, our inability to manage such growth could harm our business.
+Added: Our success will depend, in part, on our ability to
+Added: effectively manage our growth and expansion.
Any growth in, or expansion of, our business is likely to continue to place a significant
10 unchanged sentences
of our business strategy.
−Removed: Our future success depends significantly on the
−Removed: skills and efforts of Joseph Michael Redmond, President, CEO and Director and possibly other key personnel.
−Removed: The loss of the services of
−Removed: any of these individuals could harm our business and operations.
−Removed: In addition, we have not obtained key person life insurance on any of
−Removed: our key employees.
−Removed: If any of our executive officers or key employees left or were seriously injured and unable to work and we were unable
−Removed: to find a qualified replacement and/or to obtain adequate compensation for such loss, we may be unable to manage our business, which could
−Removed: harm our operating results and financial condition.
−Removed: We participate in transactions and make
−Removed: tax calculations for which the ultimate tax determination may be uncertain.
−Removed: We participate in many transactions and make tax
−Removed: calculations during the course of our business for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain.
−Removed: While we believe we maintain provisions
−Removed: for uncertain tax positions that appropriately reflect our risk, these provisions are made using estimates of the amounts expected to
−Removed: be paid based on a qualitative assessment of several factors.
−Removed: It is possible that liabilities associated with one or more transactions
−Removed: may exceed our provisions due to audits by, or litigation with, relevant taxing authorities which may materially adversely affect our
−Removed: financial condition and results of operations.
+Added: Our future success depends significantly on the skills
+Added: and efforts of Joseph Michael Redmond, President, CEO and Director and possibly other key personnel.
+Added: The loss of the services of any of
+Added: these individuals could harm our business and operations.
+Added: In addition, we have not obtained key person life insurance on any of our key
+Added: If any of our executive officers or key employees left or were seriously injured and unable to work and we were unable to find
+Added: a qualified replacement and/or to obtain adequate compensation for such loss, we may be unable to manage our business, which could harm
+Added: our operating results and financial condition.
+Added: We participate in transactions and make tax
+Added: calculations for which the ultimate tax determination may be uncertain.
+Added: We participate in many transactions and make tax calculations
+Added: during the course of our business for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain.
+Added: While we believe we maintain provisions for uncertain
+Added: tax positions that appropriately reflect our risk, these provisions are made using estimates of the amounts expected to be paid based
+Added: on a qualitative assessment of several factors.
+Added: It is possible that liabilities associated with one or more transactions may exceed our
+Added: provisions due to audits by, or litigation with, relevant taxing authorities which may materially adversely affect our financial condition
+Added: and results of operations.
We may indemnify our directors and officers
against liability to us and our stockholders, and such indemnification could increase our operating costs.
−Removed: Our bylaws allow us to indemnify our directors
−Removed: and officers against claims associated with carrying out the duties of their offices.
−Removed: Our bylaws also allow us to reimburse them for the
−Removed: costs of certain legal defenses.
−Removed: Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted
−Removed: to our directors, officers or control persons, we have been advised by the SEC that such indemnification is against public policy and
−Removed: is therefore unenforceable.
−Removed: Since our directors and officers are aware that they may be indemnified for carrying out the duties of their
−Removed: offices, they may be less motivated to meet the standards required by law to properly carry out such duties, which could increase our
−Removed: operating costs.
−Removed: Further, if our directors and officers file a claim against us for indemnification, the associated expenses also could
−Removed: increase our operating costs.
+Added: Our bylaws allow us to indemnify our directors and
+Added: officers against claims associated with carrying out the duties of their offices.
+Added: Our bylaws also allow us to reimburse them for the costs
+Added: of certain legal defenses.
+Added: Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to our
+Added: directors, officers or control persons, we have been advised by the SEC that such indemnification is against public policy and is therefore
+Added: unenforceable.
+Added: Since our directors and officers are aware that they may be indemnified for carrying out the duties of their offices, they
+Added: may be less motivated to meet the standards required by law to properly carry out such duties, which could increase our operating costs.
+Added: Further, if our directors and officers file a claim against us for indemnification, the associated expenses also could increase our operating
If we fail to develop or maintain an effective
2 unchanged sentences
and potential stockholders could lose confidence in our financial reporting.
−Removed: We are subject to the risk that sometime in the
−Removed: future our independent registered public accounting firm could communicate to the board of directors that we have deficiencies in our
−Removed: internal control structure that they consider to be “significant deficiencies.” A “significant deficiency” is
−Removed: defined as a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is more than a
−Removed: remote likelihood that a material misstatement of the entity’s financial statements will not be prevented or detected by the entity’s
−Removed: internal controls.
−Removed: Effective internal controls are necessary for
−Removed: us to provide reliable financial reports and effectively prevent fraud.
−Removed: If we cannot provide reliable financial reports or prevent fraud,
−Removed: we could be subject to regulatory action or other litigation and our operating results could be harmed.
−Removed: We are required to document and
−Removed: test our internal control procedures to satisfy the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley
+Added: We are subject to the risk that sometime in the future
+Added: our independent registered public accounting firm could communicate to the board of directors that we have deficiencies in our internal
+Added: control structure that they consider to be “significant deficiencies.” A “significant deficiency” is defined as
+Added: a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is more than a remote likelihood
+Added: that a material misstatement of the entity’s financial statements will not be prevented or detected by the entity’s internal
+Added: Effective internal controls are necessary for us to
+Added: provide reliable financial reports and effectively prevent fraud.
+Added: If we cannot provide reliable financial reports or prevent fraud, we
+Added: could be subject to regulatory action or other litigation and our operating results could be harmed.
+Added: We are required to document and test
+Added: our internal control procedures to satisfy the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley
Act,” or “SOX”), which requires our management to annually assess the effectiveness of our internal control over financial
21 unchanged sentences
For additional information, see Item 9A – Controls and Procedures.
−Removed: It may be time-consuming, difficult, and costly
−Removed: for us to develop and implement the internal controls and reporting procedures required by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
−Removed: We may need to hire
−Removed: additional financial reporting, internal controls, and other finance personnel in order to develop and implement appropriate internal
−Removed: controls and reporting procedures.
−Removed: If we are unable to comply with the internal control requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, then we
−Removed: may not be able to obtain the independent accountant certifications required by such act, which may preclude us from keeping our filings
−Removed: with the SEC current.
−Removed: If we are unable to maintain the adequacy of our
−Removed: internal controls, as those standards are modified, supplemented, or amended from time to time, we may not be able to ensure that we may
−Removed: conclude on an ongoing basis that we have effective internal control over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404.
−Removed: to achieve and maintain an effective internal control environment could cause us to face regulatory action and cause investors to lose
−Removed: confidence in our reported financial information, either of which could adversely affect the value of our common stock.
−Removed: Our Articles of Incorporation provide that
−Removed: certain proceedings may only be instituted in the District Courts of Nevada, which may prevent or delay such proceedings and will increase
−Removed: the costs to enforce stockholder rights.
−Removed: Our Articles of Incorporation provide that the
−Removed: following actions and proceedings may only be brought in the courts located in the State of Nevada:
−Removed: (i) derivative actions brought on
−Removed: behalf of the company, (ii) any action asserting breach of fiduciary duty by the directors or officers, (iii) any action brought under
−Removed: the Business Associations, Securities and Commodities statutes of the State of Nevada, and (iv) actions asserting a claim under the internal
−Removed: affairs doctrine.
−Removed: No court has determined that such provisions are enforceable in Nevada, and we may be forced to defend proceedings brought
−Removed: in other states if such provision is ruled unenforceable.
+Added: It may be time-consuming, difficult, and costly for
+Added: us to develop and implement the internal controls and reporting procedures required by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
+Added: We may need to hire additional
+Added: financial reporting, internal controls, and other finance personnel in order to develop and implement appropriate internal controls and
+Added: reporting procedures.
+Added: If we are unable to comply with the internal control requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, then we may not be
+Added: able to obtain the independent accountant certifications required by such act, which may preclude us from keeping our filings with the
+Added: If we are unable to maintain the adequacy of our internal
+Added: controls, as those standards are modified, supplemented, or amended from time to time, we may not be able to ensure that we may conclude
+Added: on an ongoing basis that we have effective internal control over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404.
+Added: Failure to achieve
+Added: and maintain an effective internal control environment could cause us to face regulatory action and cause investors to lose confidence
+Added: in our reported financial information, either of which could adversely affect the value of our common stock.
+Added: Our Articles of Incorporation provide that certain
+Added: proceedings may only be instituted in the District Courts of Nevada, which may prevent or delay such proceedings and will increase the
+Added: costs to enforce stockholder rights.
+Added: Our Articles of Incorporation provide that the following
+Added: actions and proceedings may only be brought in the courts located in the State of Nevada:
+Added: (i) derivative actions brought on behalf of
+Added: the company, (ii) any action asserting breach of fiduciary duty by the directors or officers, (iii) any action brought under the Business
+Added: Associations, Securities and Commodities statutes of the State of Nevada, and (iv) actions asserting a claim under the internal affairs
+Added: No court has determined that such provisions are enforceable in Nevada, and we may be forced to defend proceedings brought in
+Added: other states if such provision is ruled unenforceable.
If enforceable, claims covered by this provision may be maintained in the courts
2 unchanged sentences
jurisdiction over any named defendant, this provision may have the effect of preventing the prosecution of any claim.
−Removed: Additionally, because
−Removed: stockholders may initiate such actions only in the State of Nevada, stockholders will be required to incur additional costs and expense
−Removed: such as engaging legal counsel authorized to practice in Nevada.
−Removed: Moreover, the laws of the State of Nevada may be more favorable to us
−Removed: or our management than the laws of the state in which any stockholder resides.
−Removed: Our certificate of incorporation allows
−Removed: our board to create new series of preferred stock without approval by our stockholders, which could adversely affect the rights of the
−Removed: holders of our common stock.
−Removed: Our board of directors has the authority to fix
−Removed: and determine the relative rights and preferences of preferred stock.
−Removed: Our board of directors also has the authority to issue preferred
−Removed: stock without stockholder approval.
+Added: Additionally, stockholders
+Added: may initiate such actions only in the State of Nevada, stockholders will be required to incur additional costs and expense such as engaging
+Added: legal counsel authorized to practice in Nevada.
+Added: Moreover, the laws of the State of Nevada may be more favorable to us or our management
+Added: than the laws of the state in which any stockholder resides.
+Added: Our certificate of incorporation allows our
+Added: board to create new series of preferred stock without approval by our stockholders, which could adversely affect the rights of the holders
+Added: of our common stock.
+Added: Our board of directors has the authority to fix and
+Added: determine the relative rights and preferences of preferred stock.
+Added: Our board of directors also has the authority to issue preferred stock
+Added: without stockholder approval.
As a result, our board of directors could authorize the issuance of a series of preferred stock granting
6 unchanged sentences
then we will have fewer funds with which to pursue our plan of operations and our financing requirements will be greater than anticipated.
−Removed: We may find that the costs of carrying out
−Removed: our plan of operations are greater than we anticipate.
−Removed: We expect our expenses to increase over time in connection with our ongoing
−Removed: activities, particularly if and as we:
−Removed: invest in marketing and distribution capabilities in support of developing and potentially
−Removed: commercializing our products in the U.S., if cleared or approved;
+Added: We may find that the costs of carrying out our plan
+Added: of operations are greater than we anticipate.
+Added: We expect our expenses to increase over time in connection with our ongoing activities,
+Added: particularly if and as we invest in marketing and distribution capabilities in support of developing and potentially commercializing our
+Added: products in the U.S., if cleared or approved;
make improvements to product design;
−Removed: launch the ONP-002 trial
−Removed: or conduct other trials of the products, subject to discussion with the FDA;
+Added: launch the ONP-002 trial or conduct other trials of
+Added: the products, subject to discussion with the FDA;
pursue regulatory clearances and approvals;
−Removed: expand and protect our intellectual property portfolio;
+Added: maintain, expand and protect our intellectual
+Added: property portfolio;
engage third party manufacturers;
and add additional personnel.
−Removed: operating costs may cause the amount of financing that we require to increase.
−Removed: Investors may be more reluctant to provide additional
−Removed: financing if we cannot demonstrate that we can control our operating costs.
−Removed: There is no assurance that additional financing required
−Removed: as a result of our operating costs being greater than anticipated will be available to us.
−Removed: If we do not control our operating
−Removed: expenses, then we will have fewer funds with which to carry out our plan of operations, which could result in the failure of our
−Removed: We are heavily dependent upon the ability
−Removed: and expertise of our management team and a very limited number of employees and the loss of such individuals could have a material adverse
−Removed: effect on our business, operating results or financial condition.
+Added: Increased operating costs may cause the amount of
+Added: financing that we require to increase.
+Added: Investors may be more reluctant to provide additional financing if we cannot demonstrate that we
+Added: can control our operating costs.
+Added: There is no assurance that additional financing required as a result of our operating costs being greater
+Added: than anticipated will be available to us.
+Added: If we do not control our operating expenses, then we will have fewer funds with which to carry
+Added: out our plan of operations, which could result in the failure of our business.
+Added: We are heavily dependent upon the ability and
+Added: expertise of our management team and the loss of such individuals could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results
+Added: or financial condition.
We currently have a very small management team.
−Removed: Our success is dependent upon the ability, expertise and judgment of our senior management.
−Removed: While employment agreements are customarily
−Removed: used as a primary method of retaining the services of key employees, these agreements cannot assure the continued services of such employees.
+Added: success is dependent upon the ability, expertise and judgment of our senior management.
+Added: While employment agreements are customarily used
+Added: as a primary method of retaining the services of key employees, these agreements cannot assure the continued services of such employees.
Any loss of the services of such individuals could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results or financial condition.
−Removed: Our ability to use net operating losses
−Removed: to offset future taxable income may be subject to certain limitations.
−Removed: Under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue
−Removed: Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, substantial changes in a corporation’s ownership may limit the amount of net operating losses,
+Added: Our ability to use net operating losses to offset
+Added: future taxable income may be subject to certain limitations.
+Added: Under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code
+Added: of 1986, as amended, or the Code, substantial changes in a corporation’s ownership may limit the amount of net operating losses,
or NOLs, that can be utilized annually in the future to offset the corporation’s (and the corporation’s affiliates’)
9 unchanged sentences
our common stock less attractive to investors.
−Removed: We are a “smaller reporting company”
−Removed: under federal securities laws.
−Removed: For as long as we continue to be a smaller reporting company, we may take advantage of exemptions from
−Removed: various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies, including reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive
−Removed: compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements.
−Removed: We will remain a smaller reporting company so long as our public float remains
−Removed: less than $250 million as of the last business day of our most recently-completed second fiscal quarter.
−Removed: We cannot predict if investors
−Removed: will find our common stock less attractive because we may rely on these exemptions.
+Added: We are a “smaller reporting company” under
+Added: federal securities laws.
+Added: For as long as we continue to be a smaller reporting company, we may take advantage of exemptions from various
+Added: reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies, including reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation
+Added: in our periodic reports and proxy statements.
+Added: We will remain a smaller reporting company so long as our public float remains less than
+Added: $250 million as of the last business day of our most recently-completed second fiscal quarter.
+Added: We cannot predict if investors will
+Added: find our common stock less attractive because we may rely on these exemptions.
If some investors find our common stock less attractive
14 unchanged sentences
consulting basis may be subject to conflicts of interest.
−Removed: Several people who provide services to us are
−Removed: part-time consultants.
−Removed: Each may devote part of his working time to other business endeavors, including consulting relationships with other
−Removed: corporate entities, and may have responsibilities to these other entities.
−Removed: Because of these relationships, some of the persons who provide
−Removed: services to us may be subject to conflicts of interest.
−Removed: Such conflicts may include deciding how much time to devote to our affairs, as
−Removed: well as what business opportunities should be presented to us.
−Removed: Our business and operations would suffer
−Removed: in the event of computer system failures, cyber-attacks or a deficiency in our cyber-security.
−Removed: Despite the implementation of security measures,
−Removed: our internal computer systems, and those of third parties on which we rely, are vulnerable to damage from computer viruses, malware, natural
+Added: Several people who provide services to us are part-time
+Added: Each may devote part of his working time to other business endeavors, including consulting relationships with other corporate
+Added: entities, and may have responsibilities to these other entities.
+Added: Because of these relationships, some of the persons who provide services
+Added: to us may be subject to conflicts of interest.
+Added: Such conflicts may include deciding how much time to devote to our affairs, as well as
+Added: what business opportunities should be presented to us.
+Added: Our business and operations would suffer in
+Added: the event of computer system failures, cyber-attacks or a deficiency in our cyber-security.
+Added: Despite the implementation of security measures, our
+Added: internal computer systems, and those of third parties on which we rely, are vulnerable to damage from computer viruses, malware, natural
disasters, terrorism, war, telecommunication and electrical failures, cyber-attacks or cyber-intrusions (including ransomware attacks)
1 unchanged sentence
No network or system can ever be completely secure, and the risk of a security breach or disruption, particularly through cyber-attacks
−Removed: or cyber intrusion, including, but not limited to,by computer hackers, foreign governments, and cyber terrorists, have generally increased
+Added: or cyber intrusion, including, but not limited to, computer hackers, foreign governments, and cyber terrorists, have generally increased
as the number, intensity and sophistication of attempted attacks, and intrusions from around the world have increased.
11 unchanged sentences
Our insurance coverage may not be adequate to cover all the costs related to such breaches or attacks.
−Removed: Challenges to our tax positions in
−Removed: jurisdictions, the interpretation and application of recent U.S.
+Added: Challenges to our tax positions in U.S.
+Added: jurisdictions,
+Added: the interpretation and application of recent U.S.
tax legislation or other changes in U.S.
−Removed: taxation of our operations could harm our business, revenue and financial results.
−Removed: We operate, or intend to operate, in a number
−Removed: of tax jurisdictions, including in the United States at the federal, state and local levels, and in Australia, and we therefore are or
−Removed: will be subject to review and potential audit by tax authorities in these various jurisdictions.
+Added: taxation of our operations
+Added: could harm our business, revenue and financial results.
+Added: We operate, or intend to operate, in a number of tax
+Added: jurisdictions, including in the United States at the federal, state and local levels, and in Australia, and we therefore are or will be
+Added: subject to review and potential audit by tax authorities in these various jurisdictions.
Significant judgment is required in determining
4 unchanged sentences
tax rate, result in additional taxes or other costs or have other material consequences, which could harm our business, revenue and financial
−Removed: Our effective tax rate may also change from year
−Removed: to year or vary materially from our expectations based on changes or uncertainties in the mix of activities and income allocated or earned
+Added: Our effective tax rate may also change from year to
+Added: year or vary materially from our expectations based on changes or uncertainties in the mix of activities and income allocated or earned
among various jurisdictions in the US, changes in tax laws and the applicable tax rates in these jurisdictions (including future tax laws
8 unchanged sentences
Risks Related to Our Common Stock and Its Market
−Removed: Your ownership will be diluted by future
−Removed: issuances of capital stock.
+Added: Your ownership will be diluted by future issuances
+Added: of capital stock.
Our business strategy requires us to raise additional
8 unchanged sentences
financing, which may not be available.
−Removed: We have limited capitalization, which increases
−Removed: our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions, limits our flexibility in planning for and reacting to changes
−Removed: in our business and industry, and may place us at a competitive disadvantage to competitors with sufficient capitalization.
−Removed: unable to obtain sufficient financing on satisfactory terms and conditions, we will be forced to curtail or abandon our plans or operations.
+Added: We have limited capitalization, which increases our
+Added: vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions, limits our flexibility in planning for and reacting to changes in our
+Added: business and industry, and may place us at a competitive disadvantage to competitors with sufficient capitalization.
+Added: If we are unable
+Added: to obtain sufficient financing on satisfactory terms and conditions, we will be forced to curtail or abandon our plans or operations.
Our ability to obtain financing will depend upon a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control.
−Removed: Investors may experience dilution in the
−Removed: value of the shares of common stock.
−Removed: We anticipate offering common stock or preferred
−Removed: stock in offerings, which could cause further dilution.
+Added: Investors may experience dilution in the value
+Added: of the shares of common stock.
+Added: We anticipate offering common stock or preferred stock
+Added: in offerings, which could cause further dilution.
If our business is unsuccessful, our stockholders
may lose their entire investment.
−Removed: Although our stockholders will not be bound by
−Removed: or held personally liable for our expenses, liabilities or obligations beyond their total original investments in our common stock, if
−Removed: we suffer a deficiency in funds with which to satisfy our obligations, our stockholders as a whole may lose their entire investment in
−Removed: The sale or issuance of our common stock
−Removed: to Lincoln Park may cause dilution and the sale of the shares of common stock acquired by Lincoln Park, or the perception that such sales
−Removed: may occur, could cause the price of our common stock to fall.
−Removed: On August 14, 2020, we entered into a Purchase
−Removed: Agreement with Lincoln Park and, on that date, we sold 602,422 shares of our common stock to Lincoln Park in an initial purchase under
−Removed: the Purchase Agreement for a total purchase price of $250,000.
−Removed: We also issued 793,802 shares of our common stock to Lincoln Park as consideration
−Removed: for its irrevocable commitment to purchase our common stock under the Purchase Agreement.
−Removed: The remaining shares of our common stock that
−Removed: may be issued under the Purchase Agreement may be sold by us to Lincoln Park at our discretion from time to time over a 36-month period
−Removed: commencing after the satisfaction of certain conditions set forth in the Purchase Agreement, including that the SEC has declared effective
−Removed: the related registration statement and that such registration statement remains effective.
−Removed: The purchase price for the shares that we may
−Removed: sell to Lincoln Park under the Purchase Agreement will fluctuate based on the price of our common stock.
−Removed: Depending on market liquidity
−Removed: at the time, sales of such shares may cause the trading price of our common stock to fall.
−Removed: Subject to the terms of the Purchase Agreement,
−Removed: we generally have the right to control the timing and amount of any future sales of our shares to Lincoln Park.
−Removed: Additional sales of our
−Removed: common stock, if any, to Lincoln Park will depend upon market conditions and other factors to be determined by us.
−Removed: We may ultimately decide
−Removed: to sell to Lincoln Park all, some, or none of the additional shares of our common stock that may be available for us to sell pursuant
−Removed: to the Purchase Agreement.
−Removed: If and when we do sell shares to Lincoln Park, after Lincoln Park has acquired the shares, Lincoln Park may
−Removed: resell all or some of those shares at any time or from time to time in its discretion.
−Removed: Therefore, sales to Lincoln Park by us could result
−Removed: in substantial dilution to the interests of other holders of our common stock.
−Removed: Additionally, the sale of a substantial number of shares
−Removed: of our common stock to Lincoln Park, or the anticipation of such sales, could make it more difficult for us to sell equity or equity-related
−Removed: securities in the future at a time and at a price that we might otherwise wish to effect sales.
−Removed: As of July 31, 2023, Lincoln Park had
−Removed: purchased a total of 7,382,518 shares of our common stock at a weighted average price of $0.35 per share for total proceeds of $2,600,487.
−Removed: Subsequent to July 31, 2023 and through October 30, 2023, we sold 500,000 shares of our common stock to LPC for total proceeds of $45,820.
−Removed: As of October 30, 2023, LPC had purchased a total of 7,882,518 shares of our common stock for total proceeds of $2,646,306 and the remaining
−Removed: purchase availability was $7,603,694 and the remaining shares available were 11,388,846.
−Removed: A limited public trading market exists for our
−Removed: common stock, which makes it difficult for our stockholders to sell their common stock on the public markets.
−Removed: Any trading in our shares
−Removed: may have a significant effect on our stock prices.
+Added: Although our stockholders will not be bound by or
+Added: held personally liable for our expenses, liabilities or obligations beyond their total original investments in our common stock, if we
+Added: suffer a deficiency in funds with which to satisfy our obligations, our stockholders as a whole may lose their entire investment in our
+Added: A limited public trading market exists for our common
+Added: stock, which makes it difficult for our stockholders to sell their common stock on the public markets.
+Added: Any trading in our shares may have
+Added: a significant effect on our stock prices.
Although our common stock is listed for quotation
14 unchanged sentences
and liquidity of our common stock.
−Removed: Our common stock may never be listed on
−Removed: a national exchange and is subject to being removed from the OTC Marketplace.
−Removed: Our common stock is quoted for trading on the
−Removed: OTCQB Marketplace.
−Removed: Should we fail to satisfy the fully reporting eligibility standards of OTC Markets for the OTC Markets, the trading
−Removed: price of our common stock could continue to suffer, and the trading market for our common stock may become less liquid and our common
−Removed: stock price may be subject to increased volatility.
+Added: Our common stock may never be listed on a national
+Added: exchange and is subject to being removed from the OTC Marketplace.
+Added: Our common stock is quoted for trading on the OTCQB
+Added: Should we fail to satisfy the fully reporting eligibility standards of OTC Markets, the trading price
+Added: of our common stock could continue to suffer, and the trading market for our common stock may become less liquid and our common stock
+Added: price may be subject to increased volatility.
Our common stock is deemed to be a “penny
33 unchanged sentences
for us to sell equity or equity-related securities in the future at a time and at a price that we otherwise might desire to affect such
−Removed: A low market price would severely limit
−Removed: the potential market for our common stock.
−Removed: Historically, our common stock has traded at a
−Removed: price below $5.00 per share, subjecting trading in the stock to certain SEC rules requiring additional disclosures by broker-dealers.
−Removed: These rules generally apply to any non-NASDAQ equity security that has a market price share of less than $5.00 per share, subject to certain
+Added: A low market price would severely limit the
+Added: potential market for our common stock.
+Added: Historically, our common stock has traded at a price
+Added: below $5.00 per share, subjecting trading in the stock to certain SEC rules requiring additional disclosures by broker-dealers.
+Added: rules generally apply to any non-NASDAQ equity security that has a market price share of less than $5.00 per share, subject to certain
exceptions (a “penny stock”).
16 unchanged sentences
could limit a stockholder’s ability to buy and sell our stock.
−Removed: In addition to the penny stock rules promulgated
−Removed: by the SEC, above, FINRA rules (which would apply to our common stock in the event that our common stock ultimately becomes traded over
−Removed: the counter via the OTC Electronic Bulletin Board) require that, in recommending an investment to a customer, a broker-dealer must have
−Removed: reasonable grounds for believing that the investment is suitable for that customer.
−Removed: Under these FINRA rules, before recommending speculative
−Removed: low-priced securities to their non-institutional customers, broker-dealers must make reasonable efforts to obtain information about the
−Removed: customer’s financial status, tax status, investment objectives and other information.
−Removed: Under interpretations of these rules, FINRA
−Removed: believes that there is a high probability that speculative low-priced securities will not be suitable for at least some customers.
−Removed: these FINRA rules were to apply to our common stock, such application would make it more difficult for broker-dealers to recommend that
−Removed: their customers buy our common stock, which could limit the ability to buy and sell our common stock and have an adverse effect on the
−Removed: market value for our shares of common stock.
−Removed: An investor’s ability to trade our
−Removed: common stock may be limited by trading volume.
+Added: In addition to the penny stock rules promulgated by
+Added: the SEC, above, FINRA rules (which would apply to our common stock in the event that our common stock ultimately becomes traded over the
+Added: counter via the OTC Electronic Bulletin Board) require that, in recommending an investment to a customer, a broker-dealer must have reasonable
+Added: grounds for believing that the investment is suitable for that customer.
+Added: Under these FINRA rules, before recommending speculative low-priced
+Added: securities to their non-institutional customers, broker-dealers must make reasonable efforts to obtain information about the customer’s
+Added: financial status, tax status, investment objectives and other information.
+Added: Under interpretations of these rules, FINRA believes that there
+Added: is a high probability that speculative low-priced securities will not be suitable for at least some customers.
+Added: If these FINRA rules were
+Added: to apply to our common stock, such application would make it more difficult for broker-dealers to recommend that their customers buy our
+Added: common stock, which could limit the ability to buy and sell our common stock and have an adverse effect on the market value for our shares
+Added: of common stock.
+Added: An investor’s ability to trade our common
+Added: stock may be limited by trading volume.
A consistently active trading market for our common
4 unchanged sentences
own a significant portion of our common shares and may act, or prevent corporate actions, to the detriment of other stockholders.
−Removed: A limited number of stockholders, including our
−Removed: founders and members of the Board of Directors and our management, currently own a significant portion of our outstanding common shares.
−Removed: Accordingly, these stockholders may, if they act together, exercise significant influence over all matters requiring stockholder approval,
−Removed: including the election of a majority of our directors and the determination of significant corporate actions.
−Removed: This concentration could
−Removed: also have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control that could otherwise be beneficial to our stockholders.
−Removed: The reverse split of our common stock could
−Removed: decrease our total market capitalization and increase, and may continue to increase, the volatility of our stock price.
−Removed: At our annual stockholder meeting held on January
−Removed: 12, 2023, the stockholders approved the proposal that granted the Board discretionary authority to amend our Certificate of Incorporation
−Removed: to effect a reverse stock split of the issued and outstanding shares of our common stock in a range of not less than two shares and not
−Removed: more than 200 shares at any time on or before December 31, 2023.
−Removed: As determined by our Board, such stock split could be effected at a time
−Removed: and choosing of the Board.
−Removed: The amendment did not change the number of authorized shares of common stock or preferred stock or the relative
−Removed: voting power of our stockholders.
−Removed: The number of authorized shares will not be reduced.
−Removed: The number of authorized but unissued shares of
−Removed: our common stock will materially increase and will be available for re-issuance.
−Removed: We reserve the right not to effect any reverse stock
−Removed: split if the Board does not deem it to be in the best interests of our stockholders and the Board's decision as to whether and when to
−Removed: effect the reverse stock split will be based on a number of factors, including prevailing market conditions, existing and expected trading
−Removed: prices for our common stock, actual or forecasted results of operations, and the likely effect of such results on the market price of
−Removed: our common stock.
−Removed: There can be no assurance that the total market
−Removed: capitalization of our common stock after the reverse stock split will be equal to or greater than the total market capitalization before
−Removed: the reverse stock split or that the per share market price of our common stock following the reverse stock split will increase in proportion
−Removed: to the reduction in the number of shares of common stock outstanding before the reverse stock split.
−Removed: Furthermore, a decline in the market
−Removed: price of our common stock after the reverse stock split may result in a greater percentage decline than would occur in the absence of
−Removed: a reverse stock split, and the liquidity of our common stock could be adversely affected following such a reverse stock split.
−Removed: The reverse stock split could increase our
−Removed: authorized but unissued shares of common stock, which could negatively impact a potential investor.
−Removed: Because the number of authorized shares of our
−Removed: common stock will not be reduced proportionately, the reverse stock split could increase the Board’s ability to issue authorized
−Removed: and unissued shares without further stockholder action.
−Removed: The issuance of additional shares of common stock or securities convertible into
−Removed: common stock may have a dilutive effect on earnings per share and relative voting power and may cause a decline in the trading price of
−Removed: the common stock.
−Removed: We could use the shares that are available for future issuance in dilutive equity financing transactions, or to oppose
−Removed: a hostile takeover attempt or delay or prevent changes in control or changes in or removal of management, including transactions that
−Removed: are favored by a majority of the stockholders or in which the stockholders might otherwise receive a premium for their shares over then-current
−Removed: market prices or benefit in some other manner.
−Removed: A decline in the price of our common stock
−Removed: could affect our ability to raise any required working capital and adversely affect our operations.
+Added: A limited number of stockholders, including our founders
+Added: and members of the Board of Directors and our management, currently own a significant portion of our outstanding common shares.
+Added: these stockholders may, if they act together, exercise significant influence over all matters requiring stockholder approval, including
+Added: the election of a majority of our directors and the determination of significant corporate actions.
+Added: This concentration could also have
+Added: the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control that could otherwise be beneficial to our stockholders.
+Added: A reverse split of our common stock could decrease
+Added: our total market capitalization and increase, and may continue to increase, the volatility of our stock price.
+Added: There can be no assurance that the total market capitalization
+Added: of our common stock after the reverse stock split will be equal to or greater than the total market capitalization before the reverse
+Added: stock split or that the per share market price of our common stock following the reverse stock split will increase in proportion to the
+Added: reduction in the number of shares of common stock outstanding before the reverse stock split.
+Added: Furthermore, a decline in the market price
+Added: of our common stock after the reverse stock split may result in a greater percentage decline than would occur in the absence of a reverse
+Added: stock split, and the liquidity of our common stock could be adversely affected following such a reverse stock split.
+Added: A reverse stock split could increase our authorized
+Added: but unissued shares of common stock, which could negatively impact a potential investor.
+Added: Because the number of authorized shares of our common
+Added: stock will not be reduced proportionately, the reverse stock split could increase the Board’s ability to issue authorized and unissued
+Added: shares without further stockholder action.
+Added: The issuance of additional shares of common stock or securities convertible into common stock
+Added: may have a dilutive effect on earnings per share and relative voting power and may cause a decline in the trading price of the common
+Added: We could use the shares that are available for future issuance in dilutive equity financing transactions, or to oppose a hostile
+Added: takeover attempt or delay or prevent changes in control or changes in or removal of management, including transactions that are favored
+Added: by a majority of the stockholders or in which the stockholders might otherwise receive a premium for their shares over then-current market
+Added: prices or benefit in some other manner.
A decline in the price of our common stock could
−Removed: result in a reduction in the liquidity of our common stock and a reduction in our ability to raise any required capital for our operations.
−Removed: Because our operations to date have been principally financed through the sale of equity securities, a decline in the price of our common
−Removed: stock could have an adverse effect upon our liquidity and our continued operations.
−Removed: A reduction in our ability to raise equity capital
−Removed: in the future may have a material adverse effect upon our business plans and operations.
−Removed: If our stock price declines, we may not be able
−Removed: to raise additional capital or generate funds from operations sufficient to meet our obligations.
+Added: affect our ability to raise any required working capital and adversely affect our operations.
+Added: A decline in the price of our common stock could result
+Added: in a reduction in the liquidity of our common stock and a reduction in our ability to raise any required capital for our operations.
+Added: our operations to date have been principally financed through the sale of equity securities, a decline in the price of our common stock
+Added: could have an adverse effect upon our liquidity and our continued operations.
+Added: A reduction in our ability to raise equity capital in the
+Added: future may have a material adverse effect upon our business plans and operations.
+Added: If our stock price declines, we may not be able to raise
+Added: additional capital or generate funds from operations sufficient to meet our obligations.
Trading of our common stock could be sporadic,
26 unchanged sentences
Any of these factors, may materially adversely affect the prices of our common shares regardless of our operating performance.
−Removed: The market price of our common stock is affected
−Removed: by many other variables which are not directly related to our success and are, therefore, not within our control.
−Removed: These include other
−Removed: developments that affect the breadth of the public market for shares of our common stock and the attractiveness of alternative investments.
−Removed: The effect of these and other factors on the market price of our common stock is expected to make our common stock price volatile in the
−Removed: future, which may result in losses to investors.
−Removed: We have not paid any dividends and do not
−Removed: foresee paying dividends in the future.
−Removed: We intend to retain earnings, if any, to finance
−Removed: the growth and development of our business and do not intend to pay cash dividends on shares of our common stock in the foreseeable future.
+Added: The market price of our common stock is affected by
+Added: many other variables which are not directly related to our success and are, therefore, not within our control.
+Added: These include other developments
+Added: that affect the breadth of the public market for shares of our common stock and the attractiveness of alternative investments.
+Added: of these and other factors on the market price of our common stock is expected to make our common stock price volatile in the future,
+Added: which may result in losses to investors.
+Added: We have not paid any dividends and do not foresee
+Added: paying dividends in the future.
+Added: We intend to retain earnings, if any, to finance the
+Added: growth and development of our business and do not intend to pay cash dividends on shares of our common stock in the foreseeable future.
The payment of future cash dividends, if any, will be reviewed periodically by the board of directors and will depend upon, among other
1 unchanged sentence
business opportunities and other factors.
−Removed: If securities or industry analysts do not
−Removed: publish or cease publishing research or reports about us, our business or our market, or if they change their recommendations regarding
−Removed: our stock adversely, our stock price and trading volume could decline.
−Removed: The trading market for our common stock will be
−Removed: influenced by the research and reports that industry or securities analysts may publish about us, our business, our market or our competitors.
−Removed: If any of the analysts who may cover us, adversely change their recommendation regarding our stock, or provide more favorable relative
−Removed: recommendations about our competitors, our stock price would likely decline.
−Removed: If any analyst who may cover us were to cease coverage of
−Removed: our company or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which in turn could cause our
−Removed: stock price or trading volume to decline.
+Added: If securities or industry analysts do not publish
+Added: or cease publishing research or reports about us, our business or our market, or if they change their recommendations regarding our stock
+Added: adversely, our stock price and trading volume could decline.
+Added: The trading market for our common stock will be influenced
+Added: by the research and reports that industry or securities analysts may publish about us, our business, our market or our competitors.
+Added: any of the analysts who may cover us, adversely change their recommendation regarding our stock, or provide more favorable relative recommendations
+Added: about our competitors, our stock price would likely decline.
+Added: If any analyst who may cover us were to cease coverage of our company or
+Added: fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which in turn could cause our stock price
+Added: or trading volume to decline.
Cautionary Note
−Removed: We have sought to identify what we believe to
−Removed: be the most significant risks to our business, but we cannot predict whether, or to what extent, any of such risks may be realized nor
−Removed: can we guarantee that we have identified all possible risks that might arise.
−Removed: Investors should carefully consider all of such risk factors
−Removed: before making an investment decision with respect to our common stock.
−Removed: Unresolved Staff Comments
−Removed: As of July 31, 2023, we own no real property and
−Removed: lease minimal office space.
−Removed: Our principal address is located at 2300 West Sahara Avenue, Suite 800 - #4012, Las Vegas, Nevada, 89102.
−Removed: Legal Proceedings
−Removed: As of the date of this filing, we are currently
−Removed: not a party to any legal proceedings.
−Removed: Mine Safety Disclosures
−Removed: Not applicable.
+Added: We have sought to identify what we believe to be the
+Added: most significant risks to our business, but we cannot predict whether, or to what extent, any of such risks may be realized nor can we
+Added: guarantee that we have identified all possible risks that might arise.
+Added: Investors should carefully consider all of such risk factors before
+Added: making an investment decision with respect to our common stock.
Compared sentence by sentence after normalising whitespace, quotation marks, case and digits, so re-formatting and restated figures do not read as changed language. Wording changes appear as one removal and one addition. The current filing and the prior one are authoritative.