MacKenzie Realty Capital, Inc. 10-K

Item 1. BUSINESS Organization MacKenzie Realty Capital, Inc. (the “Parent Company,” together with its subsidiaries as discussed below, the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our”) was an externally managed non-diversified real estate investment trust (“REIT”), as defined under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), that had elected to be treated as a business development company (“BDC”) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”). As of December 31, 2020, we have withdrawn our election to be regulated as a BDC while continuing our REIT election for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Withdrawal of our election to be regulated as a BDC did not affect our registration under Section 12(g) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), and we will continue to file periodic reports on Form 10-K, Form 10-Q, and Form 8-K, as well as file proxy statements and other reports required under the Exchange Act. As a result of the withdrawal of our election to be regulated as a BDC, we are no longer treated as an investment company for purposes of applying accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). We are advised by MacKenzie Real Estate Advisers, LP (the “Real Estate Adviser”) as to our real estate investments and by MCM Advisers, LP (the “Investment Adviser”; together the “Real Estate Adviser” and the “Investment Adviser” are referred to as the “Advisers”) as to our securities portfolio . MacKenzie Capital Management, LP (“MacKenzie” or the “Administrator”) provides us with non-investment management services and administrative services necessary for us to operate. The Parent Company filed its initial registration statement in June 2012 with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) to register the initial public offering (“IPO”) of 5,000,000 shares of its common stock. The IPO commenced in January 2014 and concluded in October 2016. The Parent Company filed a second registration statement with the SEC to register a subsequent public offering of 15,000,000 shares of its common stock. The second offering commenced in December 2016 and concluded on October 28, 2019. The Parent Company filed a third registration statement with the SEC to register a public offering of 15,000,000 shares of its common stock that was declared effective by the SEC on October 31, 2019. The third offering commenced shortly thereafter and ended on October 31, 2020 . The Parent Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, MRC TRS, Inc., (“TRS”) was incorporated under the general corporation laws of the State of California on February 22, 2016, and operates as a taxable REIT subsidiary. TRS started its operation on January 1, 2017, and the financial statements of TRS have been consolidated with the Parent Company’s consolidated financial statements beginning with the quarter ended March 31, 2017. On December 20, 2017, a wholly owned subsidiary of TRS, MacKenzie NY Real Estate 2 Corp. (“MacKenzie NY 2”), was formed for the purpose of making certain limited investments in New York companies, and its financial statements have been consolidated with the Parent Company beginning with the quarter ended March 31, 2021. On May 20, 2020, the Parent Company formed an operating partnership, MacKenzie Realty Operating Partnership, LP (the “Operating Partnership”) for the purpose of acquiring and consolidating our wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries within an entity that is able to offer tax-advantaged solutions to certain sellers. The Operating Partnership first entered into a Contribution Agreement with a group of entities referred to as the Addison Group, owners of Addison Property Owner, LLC (“Property Owner”). The Parent Company owns 100% of the Class B Limited Partnership units of the Operating Partnership. Property Owner owns a property known as the Addison Corporate Center. On June 8, 2020, Addison Group exchanged its ownership in Property Owner for Class A Limited Partnership units of the Operating Partnership. Subsequent to the acquisition date, the Parent Company redeemed substantially all of the remaining Class A Limited Partnership units by issuing to each such Class A Limited Partner one share of the Company’s common stock for each Class A Unit. As a result, the Company owns substantially all of the Operating Partnership. 1 Table of Contents In March 2021, the Company together with its joint venture partners formed two operating companies: Madison-PVT Partners LLC (“Madison”) and PVT-Madison Partners LLC (“PVT”), to acquire and operate two residential apartment buildings located in Oakland, California. The Company owns 98.45% and 98.75% of equity units of Madison and PVT, respectively. The joint venture partners own the remaining 1.55% and 1.25% equity units of Madison and PVT, respectively, and also hold a carried interest in both companies. Investment Objective Our investment objective is to generate current income and capital appreciation through the acquisition of real estate assets and debt and equity real estate-related investments. Our Independent Directors (as defined in Part III, Item 10 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K) review our investment policies periodically, at least annually, to confirm that our policies are in the best interests of our stockholders. Each such determination and the basis thereof are contained in the minutes of our Board of Directors meetings. We seek to accomplish our objective by rigorously analyzing the value of and risks associated with potential acquisitions, and, for up to 20% of our total assets, by acquiring real estate securities at significant discounts to their net asset value. Our Corporate Information Our offices are currently located at 89 Davis Road, Suite 100, Orinda, CA 94563 and our telephone number is (925) 631-9100 or (800) 854-8357. Investments Strategy Following withdrawal of its election to be regulated as a BDC, the Parent Company’s underlying investment strategy is very similar to the strategy it has historically followed. The Parent Company has and intends to continue to increase its control over its private investments, and to eventually consolidate those investments for financial reporting purposes. It will conduct many of its operations through the Operating Partnership. The withdrawal of the BDC election will also allow the Parent Company to expand its investment pool to include real, physical assets, as opposed to only investment securities. The Parent Company believes that this expanded pool of potential investments will allow access to risk-adjusted returns consistent with its investment objective, while allowing the Parent Company to maintain its REIT status. We engage in various investment strategies to achieve our overall investment objectives. The strategy we select depends upon, among other things, market opportunities, the skills and experience of the Advisers’ investment team and our overall portfolio composition. We generally seek to acquire assets that produce ongoing distributable income for investors, yet with a primary focus on purchasing such assets at a discount from what the Advisers estimates to be the actual or potential value of the real estate. The Company’s investment strategies since its inception have included making loans to or investments in previously syndicated projects that had encountered difficulties with occupancy, financing, tenant improvements or other cash needs. Since entering the recent recession, certain of our portfolio companies have encountered additional cash shortfalls, and, in one case so far, we have provided additional capital to the extent that we now own the majority of the project (such as Addison Corporate Center). We may encounter future opportunities to provide needed cash, and, in such cases, we would seek to consolidate the portfolio company into our financial statements, which is a key reason for dropping our BDC status. When evaluating opportunities to buy properties, we look for opportunistic and value-add situations similar to our approach to targeting real estate securities, including unique situations and value-added opportunities. We evaluate the broader market, the property’s position in the market, the needs our capital can address, and the track record of the sponsor or operator bringing the opportunity to us. We do not generally engage brokers, and the majority of our properties were acquired in “off market” transactions. We invest in mid-market properties that may be overlooked by institutions. We acquire mid-market properties that may be too small to attract most institutions, and where we believe we can create long-term value for our stockholders utilizing the following investment strategies. 2 Table of Contents • Value-Add . We invest in well-located properties with strong and stable cash flows in demographically attractive knowledge economic growth markets where we believe there exists significant potential for medium-term capital appreciation through renovation or redevelopment, to reposition the asset and drive future rental growth. • Opportunistic . We invest in properties available at opportunistic prices (i.e., at prices we believe are below those available in an otherwise efficient market) that exhibit some characteristics of distress, such as operational inefficiencies, significant deferred capital maintenance or broken capital structures providing an opportunity for a substantial portion of total return attributable to appreciation in value. • Invest-to-Own . We may invest in the development of properties in target markets where we believe we can capture significant development premiums upon completion. We generally use a mezzanine loan or convertible preferred equity structure which provides income during the development stage and/or the ability to capture development premiums at completion by exercising our conversion rights to take ownership. The Company intends to continue its historical activities related to tender offers for shares of non-traded REITs in order to boost its short-term cash flow and to support its distributions, subject to the constraint that such securities will not exceed 20% of our portfolio. The Company believes this niche strategy will allow it to pay distributions that are supported by cash flow rather than paying back investors’ capital, although there can be no assurance that some portion of any distribution is not a return of capital. This strategy can boost cash-flow in two ways: (1) most such non-traded REITs pay regular cash distributions (even though COVID-19 prompted some to temporarily stop or cut back the distributions); and (2) when such non-traded REIT shares are liquidated or sold and the Company realizes a profit from having purchased the shares at a discount to the underlying net asset value. Types of Investments We target the following real estate-related investments which may include equity interests in LLCs, tenancies-in-common, mortgages, loans, bonds, other real estate-related investment entities, or direct ownership of real property. Since dropping our BDC status, we intend to purchase primarily majority interests in properties so that we can consolidate them into our financial statements. We may purchase non-controlling interests, but we intend that such investments will constitute less than 20% of our portfolio. We do not invest in general partnerships or other entities that do not afford limited liability to their security owners. However, limited liability entities in which we invest may hold interests in general partnerships, joint ventures, or other non-limited liability entities. Investment Selection Our Adviser’s investment team is responsible for all aspects of our investment process. The current members of the investment team are C.E. Patterson, Glen Fuller, Chip Patterson, Robert Dixon, Angche Sherpa, and Christine Simpson. The investment strategy involves a team approach, whereby potential transactions are screened by various members of the investment team. Our process for acquiring targeted real estate typically involves three steps: (i) identifying assets of the type we may be interested in acquiring; (ii) evaluating the assets to estimate their value or potential value to us, and (iii) either acquiring such assets directly or through our network of real estate partners. Different circumstances may require different procedures, or different combinations of procedures, and we adjust our acquisition strategy to fit the circumstances. Nonetheless, the typical stages of our investment selection process are as follows: Deal Generation/Origination We source investments through long-standing relationships with real estate operators, developers, industry contacts, brokers, commercial and investment bankers, entrepreneurs, services providers such as lawyers and accountants, as well as current and former clients, portfolio companies and investors. Our Adviser’s goal is to establish relationships with successful operators with proven track records in each region in which we operate, and to grow and deepen those relationships as they prove successful. 3 Table of Contents Screening In screening potential investments, the Adviser’s investment team utilizes a value-oriented investment philosophy and commits resources to managing downside exposure. Due Diligence In conducting due diligence, the Adviser uses publicly available information as well as information from its relationships with former and current management teams, investors, consultants, competitors and investment bankers. Our Adviser's due diligence typically includes: • review of operating history, appraisals, market reports, vacancies, deferred maintenance; • review of historical and prospective financial information and regulatory disclosures; • research relating to the property’s management, industry, markets, products and services and competitors; • verification of collateral; and • appraisals or opinions of value by third party advisers. Upon the completion of due diligence and a decision to proceed with an investment, the investment professionals leading the investment present the investment opportunity to the Adviser's investment team, which then determines whether to pursue the potential investment. Additional due diligence with respect to any investment may be conducted on our behalf by attorneys and independent accountants prior to the closing of the investment, as well as other outside third-party advisers, as appropriate. Any fees and expenses incurred by the Adviser to oversee due diligence investigations undertaken by third parties are subject to reimbursement by us, if not otherwise reimbursed , which reimbursements are in addition to any management or incentive fees payable by us under the advisory agreements. Monitoring Our Adviser monitors our investments on an ongoing basis. Our Adviser has several methods of evaluating and monitoring the performance and value of the assets in which we invest, which include the following: • Assessment of success in adhering to business plans and compliance with covenants; • Periodic and regular contact with property management, to discuss financial position, requirements and accomplishments; • Comparisons to other properties in the geographic area or sector, if any; • Attendance at and participation in our board meetings; and • Review of monthly and quarterly consolidated financial statements and financial projections for properties. Valuation Procedures We determine our net asset value consistent with GAAP. Securities for which market quotations are readily available on an exchange will be valued at the closing price on the day closest to the valuation date. Where a security is traded but in limited volume, we may instead utilize the weighted average closing price of the security over the prior 10 trading days. To value securities that do not trade on a national exchange, we may use published secondary market trading information. Securities for which reliable market data are not readily available or for which the pricing source does not provide a valuation or methodology or provides a valuation or methodology that, in the judgment of the Adviser or Board of Directors, does not accurately measure fair value, which we expect will represent a substantial portion of our portfolio, are valued as follows: (i) the securities are initially valued by the investment professionals responsible for the portfolio investment; (ii) preliminary valuation conclusions are documented and discussed with our senior management; and (iii) the Board of Directors reviews these preliminary valuations and, where appropriate and necessary, valuations by third-party valuation firms, and uses such valuations, as adjusted by the Board if appropriate, to determine the fair value of the securities. 4 Table of Contents Securities for which market data are not readily available or for which a pricing source does not accurately measure value may include the following: • private placements and restricted securities that do not have an active trading market; • securities whose trading has been suspended or for which market quotes are no longer available; • debt securities that have recently gone into default and for which there is no current market; • securities whose prices are stale; • securities affected by significant events; and • securities that the Adviser believes were priced incorrectly. Determination of fair value involves subjective judgments and estimates. Accordingly, the notes to our consolidated financial statements express the uncertainty with respect to the possible effect of such valuations, and any change in such valuations, on our consolidated financial statements. Staffing We do not currently have any employees. Our day-to-day investment operations are managed by the Adviser. Our Adviser may hire additional investment professionals, based upon its needs. We also entered into an administration agreement with MacKenzie (the “Administration Agreement”), under which we reimburse MacKenzie for our allocable portion of overhead and other expenses incurred by it in performing its obligations, including rent, the fees and expenses associated with performing compliance functions, and the compensation of our chief financial officer, our chief compliance officer (or "CCO"), and any administrative support staff. We have also retained MacKenzie as our transfer agent and have been reimbursing MacKenzie for certain software development costs. Compliance with governmental laws and regulations, including those relating to environmental matters On December 31, 2020, we withdrew our election to be regulated as a BDC under the 1940 Act. Thus, we are no longer regulated as a BDC and are no longer subject to the regulatory provisions of the 1940 Act. However, as we operate as a REIT and own real estate properties, we are required to comply with various governmental laws and regulations, including the Exchange Act and those relating to environmental matters. Environmental Matters We have invested, and expect to continue to invest, in real property assets, which are subject to laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment and human health and safety. Environmental laws and regulations may impose joint and several liability on tenants, owners or operators for the costs to investigate or remediate contaminated properties, regardless of fault or whether the acts causing the contamination were legal. This liability could be substantial. In addition, the presence of hazardous substances, or the failure to properly remediate these substances, may adversely affect our ability to sell, rent or pledge such property as collateral for future borrowings. Some of these laws and regulations have been amended so as to require compliance with new or more stringent standards as of future dates. Compliance with new or more stringent laws or regulations or stricter interpretation of existing laws may require material expenditures by us. Future laws, ordinances or regulations may impose material environmental liability. Additionally, our tenant companies’ operations, the existing condition of land when we buy it, operations in the vicinity of our properties, such as the presence of underground storage tanks, or activities of unrelated third parties may affect our properties. In addition, there are various local, state and federal fire, health, life-safety and similar regulations with which we may be required to comply, and that may subject us to liability in the form of fines or damages for noncompliance. Any material expenditures, fines, or damages we must pay will reduce our ability to make distributions. 5 Table of Contents Other Regulations State and federal laws in this area are constantly evolving, and we intend to monitor these laws and take commercially reasonable steps to protect ourselves from the impact of these laws, including where deemed necessary, obtaining environmental assessments of properties that we acquire; however, we will not obtain an independent third-party environmental assessment for every property we acquire. In addition, any such assessment that we do obtain may not reveal all environmental liabilities or whether a prior owner of a property created a material environmental condition not known to us. The cost of defending against claims of liability, of compliance with environmental regulatory requirements, of remediating any contaminated property, or of paying personal injury claims would materially adversely affect our business, assets or results of operations and, consequently, amounts available for distribution. Board Approval of the Investment Advisory Agreement Our investment advisory and administrative services agreements were approved by our Board of Directors in January 2021. Such approvals were made on the basis of an evaluation satisfactory to our Board of Directors including a consideration of, among other factors, (i) the nature, quality, and extent of the advisory and other services to be provided under the agreements, (ii) the investment performance of the personnel who manage REITs with objectives similar to ours, to the extent available, (iii) comparative data with respect to advisory fees or similar expenses paid by other REITs with similar investment objectives, to the extent available and (iv) information about the services to be performed and the personnel performing such services under each of the agreements. Our internet address is www.mackenzierealty.com