Spectral AI, Inc. 10-Q

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-Q (MARK ONE) ☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2025 ☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from to Commission file number: SPECTRAL AI, INC. (Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter) Delaware 85-3987148 (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 2515 McKinney Avenue , Suite 1000 Dallas , Texas 75201 (Address of principal executive offices) (972) 499-4934 (Issuer’s telephone number) Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act: Title of each class Trading Symbol(s) Name of each exchange on which registered Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share MDAI The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC Redeemable warrants, each whole warrant exercisable for one share of Common Stock at an exercise price of $2.75 MDAIW The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. Large Accelerated Filer ☐ Accelerated Filer ☐ Non-Accelerated Filer ☒ Smaller Reporting Company ☒ Emerging Growth Company ☒ If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒ As of November 11, 2025, there were 30,688,895 shares of Common Stock, $0.0001 par value, issued and outstanding. SPECTRAL AI, INC. FORM 10-Q FOR THE QUARTER ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2025 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Part I. Financial Information 1 Item 1. Interim Financial Statements 1 Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 1 Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 202 4 2 Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Deficit for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 202 4 3 Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 202 4 4 Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements 5 Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 18 Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 29 Item 4. Controls and Procedures 29 Part II. Other Information Item 1. Legal Proceedings 30 Item 1A. Risk Factors 30 Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds 30 Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities 30 Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures 30 Item 5. Other Information 30 Item 6. Exhibits 31 Part III. Signatures 32 i PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION Item 1. Interim Financial Statements SPECTRAL AI, INC. UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (in thousands, except share and per share data) September 30, December 31, 2025 2024 Assets Current assets: Cash $ 10,495 $ 5,157 Accounts receivable, net 990 2,505 Inventory 454 425 Prepaid expenses 706 1,289 Other current assets 818 746 Total current assets 13,463 10,122 Non-current assets: Property and equipment, net 287 2 Right-of-use assets 1,550 1,971 Total Assets $ 15,300 $ 12,095 Commitments and contingencies (Note 7) Liabilities and Stockholders’ Deficit Current liabilities: Accounts payable $ 2,538 $ 4,035 Accrued expenses 2,475 3,210 Deferred revenue 239 960 Lease liabilities, short-term 713 201 Notes payable, current 1,214 422 Notes payable – at fair value - 2,365 Warrant liabilities 8,586 6,451 Total current liabilities 15,765 17,644 Notes payable, long-term 6,581 - Lease liabilities, long-term 1,157 1,702 Total Liabilities 23,503 19,346 Stockholders’ Deficit Preferred stock ($ 0.0001 par value); 1,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 - - Common stock ($ 0.0001 par value); 80,000,000 shares authorized; 27,251,034 and 22,594,877 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively 3 2 Additional paid-in capital 48,607 40,973 Accumulated other comprehensive income 39 3 Accumulated deficit ( 56,852 ) ( 48,229 ) Total Stockholders’ Deficit ( 8,203 ) ( 7,251 ) Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Deficit $ 15,300 $ 12,095 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements 1 SPECTRAL AI, INC. UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (in thousands, except share and per share data) Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 2024 2025 2024 Research and development revenue $ 3,792 $ 8,173 $ 15,564 $ 21,977 Cost of revenue ( 2,171 ) ( 4,506 ) ( 8,485 ) ( 12,051 ) Gross profit 1,621 3,667 7,079 9,926 Operating costs and expenses: General and administrative 4,962 4,553 13,439 15,397 Total operating costs and expenses 4,962 4,553 13,439 15,397 Operating loss ( 3,341 ) ( 886 ) ( 6,360 ) ( 5,471 ) Other income (expense): Net interest expense ( 300 ) ( 8 ) ( 597 ) - Borrowing related costs ( 164 ) ( 1,059 ) ( 869 ) ( 2,034 ) Change in fair value of warrant liability 264 350 ( 932 ) 718 Change in fair value of notes payable - 94 220 ( 7 ) Foreign exchange transaction loss, net ( 9 ) ( 9 ) ( 31 ) ( 34 ) Other income (expenses), including transactions costs - 51 - ( 617 ) Total other income (expense), net ( 209 ) ( 581 ) ( 2,209 ) ( 1,974 ) Loss before income taxes ( 3,550 ) ( 1,467 ) ( 8,569 ) ( 7,445 ) Income tax provision ( 2 ) ( 37 ) ( 54 ) ( 128 ) Net loss $ ( 3,552 ) $ ( 1,504 ) $ ( 8,623 ) $ ( 7,573 ) Net loss per share of common stock Basic and Diluted $ ( 0.13 ) $ ( 0.08 ) $ ( 0.34 ) $ ( 0.44 ) Weighted average common shares outstanding Basic and Diluted 26,318,624 17,862,240 25,147,179 17,342,203 Other comprehensive loss: Foreign currency translation adjustments $ ( 13 ) $ 15 $ 36 $ 13 Total comprehensive loss $ ( 3,565 ) $ ( 1,489 ) $ ( 8,587 ) $ ( 7,560 ) The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements 2 SPECTRAL AI, INC. UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT (In thousands, except share data) Additional Accumulated Other Total Common Stock Paid-in Comprehensive Accumulated Stockholders’ Shares Amount Capital (1) Income Deficit (1) Deficit Balance at December 31, 2024 22,594,877 $ 2 $ 40,973 $ 3 $ ( 48,229 ) $ ( 7,251 ) Stock-based compensation - - 200 - - 200 Issuance of Common Stock from debt offering (net of $158K issuance costs) 2,028,846 - 377 - - 377 Issuance of common stock to pay convertible debt 610,426 - 1,433 - - 1,433 Sale of common stock (net of $19K issuance costs) 310,925 543 - - 543 Exercise of stock options 43,047 158 - - 158 Cumulative translation adjustment - - - 17 - 17 Net income - - - - 2,897 2,897 Balance at March 31, 2025 25,588,121 $ 2 $ 43,684 $ 20 $ ( 45,332 ) $ ( 1,626 ) Stock-based compensation - - 411 - - 411 Issuance of common stock from debt offering 40,000 - - - - - Vesting of restricted stock units 109,698 - - - - - Cumulative translation adjustment - - - 32 - 32 Net loss - - - - ( 7,968 ) ( 7,968 ) Balance at June 30, 2025 25,737,819 2 44,095 52 ( 53,300 ) ( 9,151 ) Stock-based compensation - - 261 - - 261 Exercise of stock options 407,446 - 555 - - 555 Exercise of warrants 1,105,769 1 3,696 - - 3,697 Cumulative translation adjustment - - - ( 13 ) - ( 13 ) Net loss - - - - ( 3,552 ) ( 3,552 ) Balance at September 30, 2025 27,251,034 3 48,607 39 ( 56,852 ) ( 8,203 ) Accumulated Common Stock Additional Paid-in Other Comprehensive Accumulated Total Stockholders’ Shares Amount Capital (1) Income Deficit (1) Deficit Balance at December 31, 2023 16,294,935 $ 2 $ 30,908 $ 12 $ ( 33,071 ) $ ( 2,149 ) Stock-based compensation - - 283 - - 283 Sale of common stock 1,187,398 - 2,605 - - 2,605 Cumulative translation adjustment - - - ( 2 ) - ( 2 ) Net loss - - - - ( 3,205 ) ( 3,205 ) Balance at March 31, 2024 17,482,333 $ 2 $ 33,796 $ 10 $ ( 36,276 ) $ ( 2,468 ) Stock-based compensation - - 402 - - 402 Issuance of common stock under the SEPA 94,937 - 225 - - 225 Vesting of restricted stock units 29,097 - - - - - Cumulative translation adjustment - - - - - - Net loss - - - - ( 2,864 ) ( 2,864 ) Balance at June 30, 2024 17,606,367 $ 2 $ 34,423 $ 10 $ ( 39,140 ) $ ( 4,705 ) Stock-based compensation - - 173 - - 173 Issuance of common stock under the SEPA 906,706 - 1,245 - - 1,245 Cumulative translation adjustment - - 15 - 15 Net Loss - - - ( 1,504 ) ( 1,504 ) Balance at September 30, 2024 18,513,073 2 35,841 25 ( 40,644 ) ( 4,776 ) (1) Reflects an adjustment of $126,000 as compared to previously reported amounts as of December 31, 2024. Reflects an adjustment of $(157,000) in Additional Paid in Capital and $(283,000) in Accumulated Deficit as of December 31, 2023. See further discussion in Note 1. The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements 3 SPECTRAL AI, INC. UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (in thousands) Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 2024 Cash flows from operating activities: Net loss $ ( 8,623 ) $ ( 7,573 ) Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: Depreciation expense 42 6 Amortization of debt issuance costs 283 - Stock-based compensation 872 858 Amortization of right-of-use assets 421 448 Change in fair value of warrant liabilities 932 ( 718 ) Change in fair value of notes payable ( 220 ) 7 Cost from issuance of common stock - 372 Issuances of shares for borrowing related costs 241 280 Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable 1,515 ( 488 ) Inventory ( 29 ) ( 213 ) Prepaid expenses 583 542 Other assets ( 72 ) ( 208 ) Accounts payable ( 1,497 ) 188 Accrued expenses ( 735 ) ( 1,047 ) Deferred revenue ( 721 ) ( 1,580 ) Lease liabilities ( 360 ) ( 542 ) Net cash used in operating activities ( 7,368 ) ( 9,668 ) Cash flows from financing activities: Proceeds from issuance of common stock and warrants, net of issuance costs 3,080 2,667 Proceeds from notes payable, net of borrowing costs 8,260 11,500 Proceeds from notes payable - related party - 1,000 Payments for notes payable ( 1,375 ) ( 6,600 ) Proceeds from warrant exercises 1,992 - Stock option exercises 713 - Net cash provided by financing activities 12,670 8,567 Effect of exchange rate changes on cash 36 13 Net increase/(decrease) in cash 5,338 ( 1,088 ) Cash, beginning of period 5,157 4,790 Cash, end of period $ 10,495 $ 3,702 Supplemental cash flow information: Cash paid for interest $ 12 $ - Cash paid for taxes $ 1 $ 20 Noncash investing and financing activities disclosure: Tenant improvement allowance payments made by the lessor directly to a third party $ ( 327 ) $ - Recognition of Right-of-use assets and related lease liabilities upon lease amendment $ - $ 1,771 Prepaid asset acquired, net of cancellation, for debt and accounts payable $ - $ 596 Issuance of common stock to settle notes payable $ 1,192 $ 1,245 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements 4 SPECTRAL AI, INC. NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited) 1. NATURE OF THE BUSINESS AND PRESENTATION Overview Spectral AI, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”) is an Artificial Intelligence (“AI”) company focused on predictive medical diagnostics. Our DeepView™ System uses proprietary AI algorithms to distinguish between fully damaged, partially damaged and healthy human tissue characteristics invisible to the naked eye, at the initial time point of wound presentation. The DeepView System delivers a binary prediction on the wound’s capacity to heal or not-heal by a specified time point in the future. Our DeepView System’s output is specifically engineered to assist the physician in making a more accurate, timely and informed decision regarding the treatment of the patient’s wounds. Our focus is on our burn indication. In February 2024, our DeepView System, comprised of the multispectral imaging (“MSI”) component integrated with the predictive AI-Burn ® software component, received United Kingdom Conformity Assessed (“UKCA”) marking for use in the United Kingdom for burn indications. In June 2025, we filed a De Novo application for the DeepView System with the United States Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) so that it may achieve Class II medical device designation. Following our anticipated receipt of additional necessary market authorization, our business will have two primary revenue streams, a SaaS (software as a service) offering aligned with SaMD (software as a medical device) regulatory framework, and the imaging device component. The SaaS component will feature a software licensing fee that includes maintenance, image hosting, and access to algorithmic updates. The proprietary imaging device acquires the images for the AI algorithms and is a universal platform to house multiple clinical indications including burn wound healing analysis and other tissue indication assessments. Pricing for these components will be evaluated and strategically set per country and site-of-service for heightened customer adoption. The DeepView System is comprised of the DeepView-AI Burns ® software and the DeepView SnapShot ® imaging device, and it is intended to be used as an adjunctive tool to aid health care providers in the assessment of burn wound healing potential by differentiating non-healing from healing tissue within an image. The MSI imaging technology within the DeepView SnapShot imaging device consists of patented proprietary multi-spectral optics and sensors, capturing injured tissue images ranging from near ultraviolet light, through the human visible wavelengths, and into the near infrared range. The broad wavelength ranges go beyond what the human eyes can see and capture what medical professionals cannot observe with their naked eyes. This wide range of wavelength images contains wound tissue physiology and captures the viability of various biomarkers within the skin and from the injured tissue spectral signatures. The imaging technology extracts appropriate clinical data and processes the image data to provide the injured tissue spectral signatures to the DeepView AI Burns software AI model and algorithms. The AI algorithm classifies various severities of the injuries as (i) fully damaged (non-healing), (ii) partially damaged or (iii) healthy tissue (healing) and displays a comparison of the original image next to an image with a color overlay of the non-healing portions of the wound. The image acquisition takes 0.2 seconds, and all image processing and AI model classification takes approximately 20 to 25 seconds. Our DeepView System’s proprietary optics can extract millions of pixels of data or AI model features from each group of raw images. This information is then used to advance algorithm optimization, which is trained and tested against a proprietary and clinically validated database of over 340 billion pixels of image data. The Company has not generated any product revenue to date. The Company currently generates revenue from contract development and research services by providing such services to governmental agencies, primarily to the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (“BARDA”) and under a contract with the Medical Technology Enterprise Consortium (“MTEC”). 5 We have received substantial support from the U.S. government for our DeepView System’s application for burn wounds from BARDA, which is part of the Department of Health and Human Services Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response in the United States, established to aid in securing the United States from chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear threats, as well as from pandemic influenza and emerging infectious diseases. We have also received funding from the National Science Foundation, the National Institute of Health and the Defense Health Agency (“DHA”), an agency within the Department of Defense. On September 27, 2023, the Company executed a new contract with BARDA, providing the Company with additional funding of up to approximately $ 150.0 million. This includes an initial award of approximately $ 54.9 million to support the clinical validation study and the distribution of up to 30 DeepView Systems in various emergency rooms and burn centers to support the study. The funding also supported the Company’s FDA De Novo submission of our DeepView AI – Burn software, which was completed on June 30, 2025. The contract also includes options, similar to our prior BARDA contracts, with an additional total value of approximately $ 95.1 million which can be exercised for additional product development, procurement and the expanded deployment of DeepView Systems at emergency rooms, trauma and burn centers. These deployments will enable the Company to conduct health economic and outcome research studies to support the broader clinical adoption of the DeepView System. Subject to our receipt of the necessary regulatory market authorizations, we intend to initially sell the DeepView System throughout the United States and the UK for its burn indication. Given our receipt of the UKCA authorization for our burn indication we anticipate initial sales in UK to begin in 2025. The sales channel for our burn indication will be supported by existing and future governmental contracts, primarily from agencies such as BARDA and the DHA. In the United States, there are approximately 100 burn centers, 700 trauma centers and 5,400 federal and community hospitals with emergency rooms where the burn patients are most likely to present upon injury. The DeepView System provides a quick clinical diagnostic decision tool for emergency room clinicians. It can be used to quickly assess the healing potential for burn wounds so decisions regarding whether patients need routine care or should be transferred to trauma centers or burn centers for advanced care and accurate surgical planning can be made in a much more timely fashion. The DeepView System provides an advanced diagnostic assessment of the non-healing areas of a burn in emergency rooms, trauma centers and burn centers. For the DeepView System’s burn application and following receipt of any future contract awards, we plan to partner with the U.S. governmental agency sponsors to implement the distribution of our DeepView System throughout the United States into key regions to support the United States’ mass casualty countermeasure directives, with the goal of making our country better prepared for mass casualty events and saving scarce healthcare resources. Business Combination Spectral AI, Inc., a Delaware corporation formerly known as Rosecliff Acquisition Corp I (“Spectral AI” or the “Company”) was formed as a blank check company on November 17, 2020. On September 11, 2023, the Company consummated a business combination (the “Business Combination”), pursuant to the business combination agreement dated April 11, 2023 (the “Business Combination Agreement”) by and among the Company, Ghost Merger Sub I, a Delaware Corporation, Ghost Merger Sub II, a Delaware corporation and Spectral MD Holdings, Ltd., a Delaware corporation incorporated on March 9, 2009 and headquartered in Dallas, Texas (“Legacy Spectral”). Upon closing of the Business Combination (the “Closing”), the Company changed its name from Rosecliff Acquisition Corp I to Spectral AI, Inc. In conjunction with the Business Combination, the Company cancelled the redeemable warrants at the Closing that it previously issued to Rosecliff Acquisition Sponsor I LLC, a Delaware limited liability company in connection with the Company’s initial public offering on February 17, 2021, but the 8,433,333 redeemable warrants that were previously issued to the public (the “Public Warrants”) remain outstanding. Revision of Prior Period Financial Information During the fourth quarter of 2023, management deferred certain costs associated with a stock offering which was completed during 2024, at which time the costs were recorded as a reduction of additional paid-in capital. Management subsequently determined that these costs should have been expensed during the fourth quarter of 2023. Accordingly, the Company has revised its consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity deficit) as of December 31, 2024, and 2023 to increase both the accumulated deficit and additional paid-in capital by $ 283 ,000. 6 Additionally, during the third quarter of 2023 in conjunction with the accounting for the Business Combination, the Company recognized an income tax receivable asset which should not have been recorded due to uncertainties about collectability. This receivable was written off during the fourth quarter of 2024 through income tax expense. Accordingly, the Company has revised its consolidated statement of changes in stockholders’ deficit to reduce both the accumulated deficit and additional paid-in capital by $ 157 ,000 as of December 31, 2024 and to reduce additional paid in capital by $ 157 ,000 as of December 31, 2023. The Company has revised its consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2024 to reduce income tax provision and net loss by $ 157 ,000 and to revise the net loss per share accordingly as well. The net effect of the two corrections described above is a $ 126 ,000 increase to both the accumulated deficit and additional paid-in capital as of December 31, 2024, and 2023. The Company has determined that the errors were immaterial to all impacted periods and has corrected the impacted periods as an immaterial correction of an error. Basis of Presentation The Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) as determined by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) or an Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”). These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes included in the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2024 included herein was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements as of that date. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all normal recurring adjustments necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the interim periods. The results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for any subsequent quarter, the year ending December 31, 2025, or any other period. Except as described elsewhere in Note 2 under the heading “Recently accounting pronouncements,” there have been no material changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies as described in the audited consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2024. Principles of Consolidation The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Spectral MD Holdings LLC, Spectral MD Inc., Spectral MD UK Limited (“Spectral MD UK”), Spectral DeepView Limited, and Spectral IP, Inc. (“Spectral IP”) and 1001304798 Ontario, Inc., a newly-formed Canadian company for the purpose of retaining a Canadian employee whom was ultimately not hired. Inter-company transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. Use of Estimates The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. The Company bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various other assumptions that it believes are reasonable under the circumstances. The amounts of assets and liabilities reported in the Company’s balance sheets and the amounts of expenses reported for each of the periods presented are affected by estimates and assumptions, which are used for, but not limited to, revenue recognition, warrant liabilities, fair value of certain debt, stock-based compensation expense, stock issued for transaction costs, the net realizable value of inventory, right-of-use assets, and income tax valuation allowances. Actual results could differ from these estimates. 7 Segments Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate and discrete information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision-maker in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Chairman of the Board in conjunction with the Company’s executive management team manages the Company’s operations on an aggregate basis for the purpose of allocating resources. The Company has one operating segment. The accounting policies of the Company’s single operating and reportable segment are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies. The Company’s method for measuring profitability includes net loss, which the chief operating decision-maker uses to assess performance and make decisions for resource allocation, consistent with the measurement principals for net income(loss) as reported on the Company’s consolidated statement of operations. The significant expenses regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision-maker are consistent with those reported on the Company’s consolidated statement of operations as well as research and development expenses which are disclosed in the footnotes to these financial statements. Certain expenses are reviewed for purposes of assessing operating activities and resource allocation for the Company. The measure of segment assets is reported on the consolidated balance sheets as total assets. Income Taxes The Company recorded an income tax provision for Texas Franchise Tax of approximately $ 2 ,000 and $ 54 ,000 during the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2025, respectively. The Company recorded an income tax provision of approximately $ 37 ,000 and $ 128 ,000 for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2024, respectively. The effective tax rate was 0.1 % and 0.6 % for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2025, respectively, and 2.5 % and 1.7 % for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2024, respectively. The tax provision for interim periods is determined using an estimate of the Company’s annual effective tax rate, adjusted for discrete items arising in that quarter. The Company’s effective tax rate differs from the U.S. statutory tax rate in the nine months ended September 30, 2025, primarily due to changes in valuation allowances on deferred tax assets as it is more likely than not that the Company’s deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company evaluates its tax positions on a quarterly basis and revises its estimate accordingly. Concentrations of Credit Risk Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company to credit risk consist principally of cash and accounts receivable. Primarily all cash is held in US financial institutions which, at times, exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not recognized any losses from credit risks on such accounts. The Company believes it is not exposed to significant credit risk on cash. Additional credit risk is related to the Company’s concentration of accounts receivable. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, accounts receivable were concentrated from one customer (which is a US. government agency) representing 100 % and 98 % of total net receivables, respectively. No allowance for doubtful accounts were recorded as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. One customer (which is a U.S. government agency) accounted for 85 % and 92 % for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively and 90 % and 93 % for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively of the recognized research and development revenue. 8 Risks and Uncertainties The Company is subject to a number of risks common to development stage companies in the medical technology industry, including, but not limited to, risks of failure of preclinical studies and clinical trials, dependence on key personnel, protection of proprietary technology, reliance on third party organizations, risks of obtaining regulatory approval for any products that it may develop, development by competitors of technological innovations, compliance with government regulations and the need to obtain additional financing. Liquidity As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had approximately $ 10.5 million and $ 5.2 million, respectively, in cash, and an accumulated deficit of $ 56.9 million and $ 48.2 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had approximately $ 7.8 million and $ 2.8 million, respectively, of debt outstanding of which $ 6.6 million and $0 represented long-term debt as of such periods. On March 24, 2025, the Company completed an equity financing and entered into a long-term debt financing agreement with Avenue Venture Opportunities Fund II, L.P., a fund of Avenue Capital Group (the “Avenue Financing”), which provides for the ability to borrow up to $ 15.0 million with an initial draw-down of $ 8.5 million, see Note 6. In addition to the Avenue Financing, during the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company also raised approximately $ 2.8 million from the issuance of common stock and warrant to institutional investors, as well as existing UK investors, see Note 8. In October 2025, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement which provided for the issuance and sale of 3.1 million shares of common stock, at an offering price of $ 1.90 per share. In addition, in a concurrent private placement the Company issued and sold warrants for the purchase of up to 4.0 million shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants to purchase up to 935 ,000 shares of common stock, for aggregate gross proceeds of $ 7.6 million. See Note 12 for further information. With the PBS BARDA Contract, the MTEC Agreement, and the Avenue Financing, the Company believes it has sufficient working capital to fund operations for at least one year beyond the release date of the condensed consolidated financial statements. 2. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUCEMENTS Recently Issued Accounting Standards In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”). ASU 2023-09 requires more detailed income tax disclosures, requiring entities to disclose disaggregated information about their effective tax rate reconciliation as well as expanded information on income taxes paid by jurisdiction. The disclosure requirements will be applied on a prospective basis, with the option to apply them retrospectively. This update will be effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures. In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, Income Statement- Reporting Comprehensive Income- Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40), requiring public business entities to disclose additional information about specific expense categories in the notes to financial statements at interim and annual reporting periods. ASU 2024-03 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted. The disclosures required under the guidance can be applied either prospectively to financial statements issued for reporting periods after the effective date or retrospectively to any or all periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures. 9 3. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS The following table presents information about the Company’s financial liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, by level within the fair value hierarchy (in thousands): Fair value measured as of September 30, 2025 Quoted prices Significant other Significant Fair value at September 30, 2025 in active markets (Level 1) observable inputs (Level 2) unobservable inputs (Level 3) Warrant liabilities $ 8,586 $ 5,903 $ - $ 2,683 $ 8,586 $ 5,903 $ - $ 2,683 Fair value measured as of December 31, 2024 Quoted prices Significant other Significant Fair value at December 31, 2024 in active markets (Level 1) observable inputs (Level 2) unobservable inputs (Level 3) Warrant liabilities $ 6,451 $ 6,410 $ - $ 41 Short-term notes payable – Yorkville $ 2,365 $ - $ - $ 2,365 $ 8,816 $ 6,410 $ - $ 2,406 There were no transfers between Level 1, 2 or 3 during the nine months ended September 30, 2025. Fair values of cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses, and short-term debt are carried at cost, which management believes approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments. The fair value of the Public Warrants, which trade in active markets, is based on quoted market prices and classified in Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. The Angel Warrants, Avenue Warrants and Investor Warrants are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy because their fair values are based on significant inputs that are unobservable in the market. The fair value of the Angel Warrants at September 30, 2025 was estimated using a Black-Scholes option pricing model. The fair value of the Investor Warrants and Avenue Warrants at March 21, 2025 (issuance date) was estimated using a simulation model. The following table presents changes in Level 3 liabilities measured at fair value for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands): Balance - January 1, 2024 $ 47 Change in fair value ( 20 ) Balance - March 31, 2024 $ 27 Change in fair value ( 11 ) Balance - June 30, 2024 $ 16 Change in fair value $ ( 12 ) Balance – September 30, 2024 $ 4 Balance - January 1, 2025 $ 41 Fair value at issuance 2,908 Change in fair value ( 37 ) Balance - March 31, 2025 $ 2,912 Change in fair value 1,739 Balance - June 30, 2025 $ 4,651 Exercise of warrants ( 1,705 ) Change in fair value ( 264 ) Balance – September 30, 2025 2,682 10 Both observable and unobservable inputs were used to determine the fair value of warrants that the Company has classified within the Level 3 category. Unrealized gains and losses associated with liabilities within the Level 3 category include changes in fair value that were attributable to both observable (e.g., changes in market interest rates) and unobservable (e.g., changes in unobservable long-dated volatilities) inputs. The following table provides quantitative information regarding Level 3 fair value measurements inputs at their measurement: September 30, 2025 Angel Warrants  Investor Warrants Avenue Warrants December 31, 2024 Valuation Method Black Scholes Monte Carlo Monte Carlo Strike price (per share) $ 7.32 $ 1.80 $ 1.66 $ 7.32 Contractual term (years) 1.7 4.0 4.5 2.5 Volatility (annual) 90.8 % 80.0 % 80.0 % 70.6 % Risk-free rate 3.7 % 3.69 % 3.7 % 4.3 % Dividend yield (per share) 0.0 % 0.0 % 0.0 % 0.0 % Warrant Liabilities On September 11, 2023, in conjunction with the Business Combination, the Company assumed the Public Warrants which had an exercise price of $ 11.50 per share, are exercisable 30 days after the Business Combination and expire five years after the Business Combination or upon redemption. The Company may redeem the Public Warrants if the Company’s common stock, $ 0.0001 par value (“Common Stock”) equals or exceeds $ 18.00 per share for 20 trading days within a 30 -trading day period ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the Company sends the notice of redemption to the holders of Public Warrants. In November 2024, the Company amended the Public Warrants to have an exercise price of $ 2.75 per share. As of September 30, 2025, there are 8,433,333 Public Warrants outstanding. Each warrant entitles the registered holder to purchase one share of Common Stock at an exercise price of $ 2.75 per full share. Pursuant to the Warrant Agreement, a holder of Public Warrants may exercise its Public Warrants only for a whole number of shares of Common Stock. This means that only a whole warrant may be exercised at any given time by a holder of Public Warrants. In September 2021, the Company issued 73,978 warrants, with a strike price of $ 7.32 and a five-year life, to SP Angel Corporate Finance LLP (“SP Angel”), who acted as nominated adviser and broker to the Company for the purposes of the AIM Rules relating to the London Stock Market (the “Angel Warrants”). In conjunction with the Business Combination, the Angel Warrants were converted into warrants to purchase Common Stock based on the exchange ratio as set forth in the Business Combination agreements. As of September 30, 2025, there are 73,978 Angel Warrants to purchase Common Stock outstanding. On March 21, 2025, the Company entered into the purchase agreements with certain stockholders for the sale of an aggregate of 2,068,846 shares of Common Stock, at an offering price of $ 1.30 per Share (the “Purchase Agreements”). In a concurrent private placement pursuant to the Purchase Agreements (the “Private Placement”), the Company agreed to sell to the investors an aggregate of 2,068,846 warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $ 1.80 per share (the “Investor Warrants”). The Investor Warrants, along with the shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of the Investor Warrants, were offered pursuant to the exemptions provided in Section 4(a)(2) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). No consideration was received by the Company for the issuance of the Investor Warrants. As of September 30, 2025, there were 963,077 Investor Warrants to purchase Common Stock outstanding. 11 The Investor Warrants issued in connection with the Purchase Agreements are exercisable any time on or after March 20, 2025 (the “Issuance Date”) and on or prior to the close of business on the third anniversary of the Issuance Date. Additionally, the Investor Warrants issued in connection with the Purchase Agreements contain adjustment provisions in the event of (i) stock dividends and split, (ii) reclassifications of securities, (iii) issuance of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents (as defined in the Purchase Agreements), (iv) pro rata distributions, (v) Fundamental Transactions (as defined in the Warrants), and (vi) subsequent equity sales of shares of common stock or common stock equivalents for a consideration per share less than a price equal to $ 1.30 . The Investor Warrants issued in connection with the Purchase Agreements also include a “Most Favored Nation” clause which grants the holders of such Investor Warrants the right, in their sole discretion, to elect to receive more favorable terms and conditions given to a subsequent investor in a subsequent financing transaction (including, but not limited to, a lower purchase price per share, a higher warrant coverage percentage, a lower warrant exercise price, a longer warrant exercise period, more favorable anti- dilution protections, preferential liquidation rights, enhanced voting rights, reduced fees or commissions, more advantageous registration rights, or the inclusion of additional incentives such as cash bonuses, dividend preferences, or equity sweeteners). The Investor Warrants were determined to be liability classified instruments, as certain terms preclude them from being considered indexed to the Company’s Common Stock. The gross proceeds of the Private Placement and Investor Warrants of $ 2.7 million were allocated to the Investor Warrants based on their fair value at issuance of $ 2.2 million, with the residual gross proceeds of $ 0.5 million allocated to the Common Stock. Total issuance costs incurred of $ 0.2 million were allocated between the Investor Warrants and Common Stock issued. Issuance costs allocated to the Investor Warrants of $ 43 ,000 were expensed during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 as borrowing related costs in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss. Issuance costs allocated to the Common Stock of $ 152 ,000 were recorded in additional paid-in-capital. In May 2025, 915,000 Investor Warrants, (the “Amended Investor Warrants”) were amended and restated. The amendment extended the contractual term such that the Amended Investor Warrants are exercisable any time on or prior to the close of business on the fifth anniversary of the Issuance Date and resulted in $ 137 ,000 increase in the fair value of the warrants. On March 24, 2025, the Company completed the Avenue Financing, with an initial draw-down of $ 8.5 million. As part of the Avenue Financing the Company issued 768,072 warrants to Avenue Capital Group which was equal to 8.5 % of the total funding commitment (the “Avenue Warrants”). The Avenue Warrants have an exercise price equal to the lower of $ 1.66 per share and the lowest price per share paid to the Company in cash for common stock through December 31, 2025. The Avenue Warrants were determined to be classified as a liability instrument as certain terms preclude them from being considered indexed to the Company’s Common Stock. The net proceeds of Avenue Financing of $ 8.3 million were first allocated to the fair value of the Avenue Warrants, with the residual proceeds being allocated to the debt. The difference between debt proceeds and the amount of those proceeds allocated to debt gave rise to a debt discount of $ 0.7 million. The discount amount due to the Avenue Warrants of $ 0.7 million along with the loan fees allocated to the loan of $ 1.0 million, which includes the final payment of $ 0.8 million, for an aggregate debt discount and debt issuance costs of $ 1.7 million, will be amortized as interest expense through maturity using the effective interest method. The portion of loan fees allocated to the Avenue Warrants, of $ 22 ,000, were expensed during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 as borrowing related costs in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss. As of September 30, 2025, there were 768,072 Avenue Warrants to purchase Common Stock outstanding. 4. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT REVENUE For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company’s revenues disaggregated by the major sources were as follows (in thousands): Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 2024 2025 2024 BARDA $ 3,442 $ 7,567 $ 14,472 $ 20,734 Other U.S. governmental authorities 350 606 1,092 1,243 Total revenue $ 3,792 $ 8,173 $ 15,564 $ 21,977 12 The following table presents the activity in the Company’s contract liabilities during the nine months ended September 30, 2025: December 31, 2024 Balance Additions Reductions September 30, 2025 Balance (in thousands) Contract liabilities: Deferred revenue $ 960 $ 4,303 $ ( 5,024 ) $ 239 Total contract liabilities $ 960 $ 4,303 $ ( 5,024 ) $ 239 The following table presents the activity in the Company’s contract assets during the nine months ended September 30, 2025: December 31, 2024 Balance Additions Reductions September 30, 2025 Balance (in thousands) Contract assets: Unbilled revenue $ - $ 150 $ - $ 150 Total contract assets $ - $ 150 $ - $ 150 Research and Development Revenue We receive funding from a contract by the DHA within the U.S. Department of Defense, which enables us to research and develop a fully portable, handheld version of our DeepView System and has been extended through the second quarter of 2025. We were previously awarded a $ 1.1 million Sequential Phase II STTR contract by the DHA within the U.S. Department of Defense, which is paid to us monthly, as well as a STTR Phase I and initial Phase II contract from the DHA. Research and Development Expense The Company expenses research and development costs as incurred. These expenses include salaries for research and development personnel, consulting fees, product development, pre-clinical studies, clinical trial costs, and other fees and costs related to the development of our technology. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, research and development expense was $ 9.0 million and $ 14.9 million, respectively, of which $ 8.5 million and $ 12.0 million, respectively, is related to the combined BARDA contract and contracts with other U.S. governmental authorities and included in cost of revenue and $ 0.5 million and $ 2.9 million, respectively, is included in general and administrative expenses. 5. ACCRUED EXPENSES Accrued expenses consist of the following as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 (in thousands): September 30, December 31, 2025 2024 Salary and wages $ 1,757 $ 2,196 Operating expenses 83 355 Benefits 430 411 Non-operating expenses 60 60 Taxes 145 188 Total accrued expenses $ 2,475 $ 3,210 13 6. NOTES PAYABLE The Company entered into the Avenue Financing, the Yorkville agreement, the Related Party note and financing arrangements for a portion of its Directors and Officers (“D&O”) insurance premiums, as follows (in thousands): Principal Repayments Outstanding Balance Amount Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, December 31, Financed Interest Rate 2025 2024 2025 2024 Avenue Capital Note Principal and Final Payment Fee $ 8,500 Prime + 5.25 % $ - $ - $ 9,250 $ - Yorkville Convertible Notes, at fair value 11,500 0.0 % 2,365 7,129 - 2,365 2024 Insurance Note 596 8.4 % 422 - - 422 New 2023 Insurance Note 631 8.6 % - 436 - - 2023 Insurance Note 151 9.7 % - - - - $ 2,787 $ 7,565 $ 9,250 $ 2,787 Less: current portion of notes payable ( 1,214 ) ( 2,787 ) Unamortized debt discounts and debt issuance costs ( 1,455 ) - Notes payable. long term $ 6,581 $ - Avenue Capital Financing On March 24, 2025, the Company completed the Avenue Financing, with an initial draw-down of $ 8.5 million. The term of the Avenue Financing is for three years, with an interest-only payment period of no less than 15 months, which can be extended to 24 months upon achieving the milestones for the second financing tranche. The second financing tranche, which includes an additional $ 6.5 million in debt financing from Avenue Capital Group is contingent upon; (i) FDA clearance of the DeepView System and (ii) the Company completing a $ 7.0 million equity raise. The borrowings under the Avenue Financing accrue interest at a variable amount per annum equal to the greater of (i) the sum of (A) the Prime Rate plus (B) 5.25 %, and (ii) 12.75 %, and they mature on March 1, 2028 (the “Maturity Date”). In addition, on the Maturity Date a final payment of $ 0.8 million is due to Avenue Capital Group and is accrued as debt as of September 30, 2025. Up to $ 2.0 million of the borrowings under the Avenue Financing are convertible at the lender’s option, into a number of shares of common stock at a price per share equal to 120 % of the exercise price of the Avenue Warrants discussed below. Pursuant to the guidance in ASC 815-40, Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity, the Company evaluated whether the conversion feature needed to be bifurcated from the host instrument as a freestanding financial instrument. Under ASC 815-40, to qualify for equity classification (or non-bifurcation, if embedded) the instrument (or embedded feature) must be both (1) indexed to the issuer’s own stock and (2) meet the requirements of the equity classification guidance. Based upon the Company’s analysis, it was determined the conversion option is indexed to its own stock and also met all the criteria for equity classification. Accordingly, the conversion option is not required to be bifurcated from the host instrument as a derivative. As part of the Avenue Financing the Company issued 768,072 warrants to Avenue Capital Group which was equal to 8.5 % of the total funding commitment. The Avenue Warrants have an exercise price equal to the lower of $ 1.66 per share and the lowest price per share paid to the Company in cash for common stock through December 31, 2025. The Avenue Warrants were determined to be classified as a liability instrument as certain terms preclude them from being considered indexed to the Company’s Common Stock. 14 The net proceeds of Avenue Financing of $ 8.3 million were first allocated to the fair value of the Avenue Warrants, with the residual proceeds being allocated to the debt. The difference between debt proceeds and the amount of those proceeds allocated to debt gave rise to a debt discount of $ 0.7 million. The discount amount due to the Avenue Warrants of $ 0.7 million along with the loan fees allocated to the loan of $ 1.0 million, which includes the final payment of $ 0.8 million, for an aggregate debt discount and debt issuance costs of $ 1.7 million as shown in the table above, will be amortized as interest expense through maturity using the effective interest method. The portion of loan fees allocated to the Avenue Warrants, of $ 22,000 , were expensed during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 as borrowing related costs in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss. Repayment of Yorkville Convertible Notes During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company paid the remaining $ 2.4 million of Yorkville Convertible Notes of which $ 1.2 million was settled in cash and $ 1.2 million was settled in shares of common stock. Insurance Notes The Company determined that the carrying amounts of all of the insurance notes approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of borrowings and current market rates of interest. 7. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES Legal Matters The Company is not a party to any material legal proceedings or pending claims. From time to time, the Company may be subject to various legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of its business activities, none of which we believe are material or would be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows or results of operations. 8. STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT In conjunction with the Closing, the Company’s certificate of incorporation was amended and restated to authorize the issuance of 80,000,000 shares of Common Stock, $ 0.0001 par value and 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $ 0.0001 par value (the “Preferred Stock”). 9. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION As of September 30, 2025, there were 3,971,778 shares available for the grant of awards under the Company’s 2023 Long Term Incentive Plan (the “2023 Plan”). Restricted Stock Units A summary of RSU activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 are presented below: Number of Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share Nonvested as of January 1, 2025 169,400 $ 1.98 Granted - $ - Vested ( 109,700 ) $ 1.82 Forfeited - $ - Nonvested as of September 30, 2025 59,700 $ 1.73 15 During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company modified the terms of 150,000 outstanding RSU awards with market based and service based vesting conditions to remove all market based vesting conditions and accelerate the service based vesting. The modified award will vest such that 100,000 awards vested upon modification and 50,000 awards will vest on December 31, 2025. As of September 30, 2025, total unrecognized compensation expense related to restricted stock units was $ 49 thousand, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 0.3 years. Stock Options During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company granted stock options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock to certain employees and board members which vest based on achievement of stock price targets of the Company’s common stock. As of September 30, 2025, options to purchase 550,000 shares of common stock will vest when the 30-day VWAP meets or exceeds $ 3.00 per share. The grant date fair value of these options were valued using a Monte Carlo valuation model and will be expensed over the requisite service period. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company granted 368,706 stock options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock to certain employees and board members which vest over the continued service period of 1 year. A summary of stock options activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 is presented below: Stock Options Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands) Outstanding at January 1, 2025 3,594,484 $ 2.01 6.0 3,825 Options granted 918,706 $ 1.26 Options forfeited ( 35,551 ) $ 2.85 Options cancelled ( 55,368 ) $ 3.73 Options exercised ( 450,493 ) $ 1.44 Outstanding as of September 30, 2025 3,971,778 $ 1.87 6.3 2,657 Options vested and exercisable as of September 30, 2025 2,951,221 $ 1.98 5.3 1,734 As of September 30, 2025, total unrecognized compensation expense related to stock options was $ 0.7 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.1 years. The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense for stock options, RSUs, and restricted stock awards of $ 0.3 million and $ 0.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively, and $ 0.2 million and $ 0.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, in general and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. 16 10. NET LOSS PER COMMON SHARE The table below summarizes potentially dilutive securities that were excluded from the above computation of net loss per common share as of the periods presented because including them would be anti-dilutive. Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 2024 Common stock options 3,971,778 3,786,191 Common stock warrants 10,238,460 8,507,311 Unvested restricted stock units 59,700 469,400 Total 14,269,938 12,762,902 11. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS On March 7, 2024, the Company formed a new wholly-owned subsidiary, Spectral IP, to be utilized to acquire artificial intelligent intellectual property with a specific emphasis on healthcare. On March 19, 2024, the Company announced that Spectral IP received a $ 1.0 million investment from an affiliate of its largest stockholder for the development of its artificial intelligence intellectual property portfolio. The investment was structured as a note payable with a one-year maturity, an interest rate of 8 %, and requiring earlier prepayment if the Company spins off Spectral IP to the Company’s stockholders or if Spectral IP is sold to a third party (the “Spectral IP Note”). On October 1, 2024, the Spectral IP Note was amended to (i) reduce the annual interest rate from 8 % to 4 %, (ii) extend the term of the Spectral IP Note through the second anniversary of the issuance date, March 18, 2026, (iii) include a conversion feature at the option of either the holder or Spectral IP to convert the then outstanding principal and accrued but unpaid interest into shares of the Company at any time (into such number of shares calculated by taking a five percent ( 5.00 %) discount to the closing price of the Common Stock on the day prior to the date of notice to the Company of the exercise of the conversion right) and at maturity, respectively, and (iv) provide for registration rights of any shares of the Company issued in satisfaction of the outstanding obligations. The holder of the Spectral IP Note exercised a number of conversion rights throughout the fourth quarter of 2024 for the full conversion of the Spectral IP Note in exchange for a total of 540,996 shares of the Common Stock, which represents a 5.00 % discount to the closing price of the Company’s shares of Common Stock on the day prior to the date of notice of the holder’s exercise of its conversion right. There were no outstanding obligations due and owing under the Spectral IP Note as of September 30, 2025. On May 5, 2025, the Company entered into an intellectual property license agreement pursuant to which Spectral IP received a worldwide, non-exclusive, license to one international patent asset of the Company for the purposes of commercializing and monetizing outside the core areas of focus of the Company on market terms and conditions that are to be finalized. Spectral IP Reorganization On November 4, 2024, Spectral IP entered into a purchase agreement with Sauvegarder Investment Management, Inc. (“Sauvegarder IM”, formerly known as SIM Tech Inc.), Sauvegarder IM was formed on March 25, 2024 with a focus on IP-related transactions. Pursuant to the purchase agreement, as amended, Spectral IP will acquire all of the outstanding common stock of Sauvegarder IM in exchange for issuing to the Sauvegarder IM stockholders 21,399,851 shares of common stock of Spectral IP and 22,827,380 shares of preferred stock of Spectral IP. Additionally, the Company has agreed to forfeit all shares of Spectral IP it holds other than 1,849,102 , which is the value the parties attribute to the intellectual property license agreement held by Spectral IP. 12. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS On October 23, 2025, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement which provided for the issuance and sale of 3.1 million shares of common stock, at an offering price of $ 1.90 per share. In addition, in a concurrent private placement, the Company issued and sold warrants for the purchase of up to 4.0 million shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants to purchase up to 935,000 shares of common stock, for aggregate gross proceeds of $ 7.6 million. 17 Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations together with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 (the “2024 Annual Report”). Some of the information contained in this discussion and analysis or set forth elsewhere in this Quarterly Report, including information with respect to our plans and strategy for our business, includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. As a result of many factors, including those factors set forth in the section titled “Risk Factors,” in our 2024 Annual Report and in other reports we have filed or may file with the SEC, our actual results could differ materially from the results described in or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in the following discussion and analysis. Overview We are an AI company focused on predictive medical diagnostics. We operate in one segment. Currently, we are devoting substantially all our efforts towards research and development of our DeepView System, an internally developed multi-spectral imaging (“MSI”) device that has previously received FDA breakthrough device designation (“BDD”) status. Our DeepView System uses proprietary algorithms to distinguish between damaged and healthy human tissue invisible to the naked eye, providing “Day One” healing assessments. DeepView’s output is specifically engineered to allow the physician to make a more accurate, timely and informed decision regarding the treatment of the patient’s wound. Our focus has been on the burn indication. For burn wounds, a non-healing assessment could aid the clinician in making an immediate and objective determination for appropriate candidates for surgery, as well as determining what specific areas of the burn wound will require excision and skin grafting. We have conducted three large clinical studies with multiple sites across the United States, enrolling 413 burn patients, including 329 adult and 84 pediatric patients. Through these studies, we were able to quantify the burn assessment accuracy in patients undergoing both surgical and non-surgical treatment. In December 2023, we initiated a pivotal clinical study seeking enrollment of 240 patients, including 180 adult and 60 pediatric patients through multiple sites across the United States in both burn center and emergency departments. By the end of 2024, the Company had completed the enrollment of the pivotal clinical study with 267 patients, including 146 at burn centers, 121 at emergency departments across 22 sites across the United States. As part of the total 267 patients enrolled, 42 pediatric patients were included from burn centers and another 42 pediatric patients were included from emergency departments. The Company has not generated any product revenue to date. The Company currently generates revenue from contract development and research services by providing such services to governmental agencies, primarily to the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (“BARDA”) and under a contract with the Medical Technology Enterprise Consortium (“MTEC”). We have received substantial support from the U.S. government for our DeepView System’s application for burn wounds from BARDA, which is part of the Department of Health and Human Services Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response in the United States, established to aid in securing the United States from chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear threats, as well as from pandemic influenza and emerging infectious diseases. We have also received funding from the National Science Foundation, the National Institute of Health and the Defense Health Agency (“DHA”), an agency within the Department of Defense. On September 27, 2023, the Company executed a new contract with BARDA, providing the Company with additional funding of up to $150.0 million, including an initial award of approximately $54.9 million to support the clinical validation study, include the distribution of up to 30 DeepView Systems in various emergency rooms and burn centers to support the study and for the Company’s FDA De Novo submission of our DeepView AI – Burn software, which was completed on June 30, 2025. The contract also includes options, similar to our prior BARDA contracts, with an additional total value of approximately $95.1 million which can be exercised for additional product development, procurement and the expanded deployment of DeepView Systems at emergency rooms, trauma and burn centers. These deployments will enable the Company to conduct health economic and outcome research to support the broader clinical adoption of the DeepView System. In addition to our BARDA contract, we received a $4.0 million grant award from MTEC in April 2023, is to be used to support military battlefield burn evaluation via a handheld DeepView System device. In August 2024, the MTEC award was increased to $4.9 million and is currently intended to run through December 2025 with funding dependent on various milestones. In March 2024, we received an additional $0.5 million award from the DHA. 18 Once commercialized, we anticipate that the DeepView System will have two revenue streams, a SaMD (software as a medical device) model, and an imaging device component. The SaMD model applies a SaaS (software as a service) treatment for the DeepView System which will feature a software licensing fee that includes maintenance, image hosting, and access to algorithm updates. The proprietary imaging device accesses artificial intelligence algorithms and is a universal platform to house multiple clinical applications. Pricing for these components will be evaluated and strategically set per country and site-of-service for heightened customer adoption. Business Combination On September 12, 2023, following completion of the Business Combination, the Company began trading its shares of the Company Common Stock and the Public Warrants on the Nasdaq Global Market (the “Nasdaq”) under the symbols “MDAI” and “MDAIW”, respectively. Key Operating and Financial Metrics We regularly review a number of metrics, including the following key operating and financial metrics, to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends in our business, prepare financial projections and make strategic decisions. We believe the operating and financial metrics presented are useful in evaluating our operating performance, as they are similar to measures by our public competitors and are regularly used by security analysts, institutional investors, and other interested parties in analyzing operating performance and prospects. Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure, as it is not a financial measure calculated in accordance with GAAP and should not be considered as a substitute for net loss, calculated in accordance with GAAP. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for additional information on adopted non-GAAP financial measures and a reconciliation of these non-GAAP measures to the most comparable GAAP measures. Comparison of Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 The following table summarizes these metrics for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands): Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 2024 2025 2024 (In thousands) Research and development revenue $ 3,792 $ 8,173 $ 15,564 $ 21,977 Gross profit 1,621 3,667 7,079 9,926 Gross margin 42.7 % 44.9 % 45.5 % 45.2 % Operating loss (3,341 ) (886 ) (6,360 ) (5,471 ) Net loss (3,552 ) (1,504 ) (8,623 ) (7,573 ) Adjusted EBITDA (3,050 ) (711 ) (5,446 ) (4,606 ) See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below for a reconciliation of net loss to Adjusted EBITDA. Research and Development Revenue We define research and development revenue as revenue generated from the research, testing and development of our DeepView System as utilized in connection with our burn indication. This research and development revenue reflects applied research and experimental development costs relating to our burn application as developed in connection with our BARDA, MTEC, and DHA contracts. Gross Profit and Gross Margin We define gross profit as research and development revenue, less cost of revenue, and define gross margin, expressed as a percentage, as the ratio of gross profit to revenue. Gross profit and gross margin can be used to understand our financial performance and efficiency and as we begin commercialization, it will allow investors to evaluate our pricing strategy and compare against our competitors. Our management uses these metrics to make strategic decisions, pricing decisions, identifying areas for improvement, set targets for future performance and make informed decisions about how to allocate resources going forward. 19 Adjusted EBITDA We define adjusted earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization (“Adjusted EBITDA”) as net loss excluding income taxes, depreciation of property and equipment, net interest income, stock compensation, transaction costs and any non-operating financial income and expense. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for a reconciliation of GAAP net loss to Adjusted EBITDA. Key Factors that May Influence Future Results of Operations Our financial results of operations may not be comparable from period to period due to several factors. Key factors affecting our results of operations are summarized below. Revenue Sources. As a pre-commercialization company, we currently generate revenue almost exclusively from two U.S. governmental agencies. We are highly dependent upon the continuation of the existing U.S. governmental contract awards, as well as future governmental procurement or other awards. Our operating results may not be comparable between periods as the timing and amount of awards or procurements from the U.S. government may be inconsistent with the timing of prior awards and the phasing of the development study schedules may be different. Our revenues may continue to be almost exclusively dependent upon the terms of those awards. Gross Margin. When we begin commercial sales of the DeepView System, we may need to determine lower pricing and incentives to accelerate adoption and implementation of the DeepView System, which may negatively impact future revenue and gross margin percentages. Managing our Supply Chain. We are reliant on contract manufacturers and suppliers to produce our components. While we have not been subject to any disruptions in our current limited production, we may be subject to component shortages, which may cause delays in critical components and inventory, longer lead times, increased costs and delays in product shipments. Our ability to grow depends, in part, on the ability of our contract manufacturers and suppliers to provide high quality services and deliver components and finished products on time and at reasonable costs. While we do not maintain sole-source suppliers, there is a concentration of suppliers which could lead to supply shortages, long lead times for components and supply changes. In the event we are unable to mitigate the impact of delays and/or price increases in raw materials, electronic components and freight, it could delay the manufacturing and installation of our products, which would adversely impact our cash flows and results of operations, including revenue and gross margin. Components of Consolidated Statements of Operations Research and Development Revenue Our primary source of revenue is research and development revenue. Currently, we are highly dependent upon the reimbursements from BARDA for the burn diagnostic testing of our DeepView System. Our research and development revenue is affected by the amount of research and development that is expended each month with respect to our contract with BARDA and other U.S. governmental contract awards. During 2023, we received a grant under the MTEC Agreement which we earn based on the achievement of milestones. Our revenue growth is dependent on a number of factors including expanding the research and development expense under the BARDA contract, research and development reimbursed expenses relating to other contract awards from U.S. governmental agencies and the intended future commercial sales of our DeepView System. Cost of Revenue Our cost of revenues consists primarily of direct and indirect costs associated with the research and development expenses relating to the BARDA and MTEC contracts. Our revenue costs are affected by the extent of research and development expenses as well as expansion of work on other U.S. governmental projects and the expanded applications for our DeepView System. 20 Gross Profit Gross profit may vary from period-to-period and is primarily affected by the current reimbursement rates under the BARDA contract and other U.S. governmental contract awards, as well as the percentage of revenue related to the BARDA contract as compared to the MTEC project. These reimbursement rates are fixed under each contact award. Our gross profit represents this reimbursement rate plus a variable component relating to non-reimbursed expenses incurred in connection with the work completed on these contracts. Operating Costs and Expenses Operating costs and expenses consist of general and administrative expense. These expenses primarily relate to salaries and related costs of our organization’s support and operations staff, consulting fees, rent, insurance and office expenses, and our non-revenue generating research and development expenses, primarily related to salaries and related costs and consulting fees. Other income (expense) Other income (expense) primarily consists of transaction costs, primarily related to the Business Combination, net interest income, change in fair value of warrant liabilities and foreign exchange transaction gains/losses. Historic foreign exchange transaction loss primarily relates to changes in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the British pound sterling for our deposit accounts that are denominated in British pound sterling. In addition, this amount includes costs associated with buying British pound sterling for payment of our employees and vendors in the UK. Results of Operations The following table summarizes our results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands): Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 2024 2025 2024 (In thousands) Research and development revenue $ 3,792 $ 8,173 $ 15,564 $ 21,977 Cost of revenue (2,171 ) (4,506 ) (8,485 ) (12,051 ) Gross profit 1,621 3,667 7,079 9,926 Operating costs and expenses: General and administrative 4,962 4,553 13,439 15,397 Total operating costs and expenses 4,962 4,553 13,439 15,397 Operating loss (3,341 ) (886 ) (6,360 ) (5,471 ) Other income (expense): Net interest expense (300 ) (8 ) (597 ) - Borrowing related costs (164 ) (1,059 ) (869 ) (2,034 ) Change in fair value of warrant liability 264 350 (932 ) 718 Change in fair value of notes payable - 94 220 (7 ) Foreign exchange transaction loss, net (9 ) (9 ) (31 ) (34 ) Other income (expenses), including transaction costs - 51 - (617 ) Total other expense, net (209 ) (581 ) (2,209 ) (1,974 ) Loss before income taxes (3,550 ) (1,467 ) (8,569 ) (7,445 ) Income tax provision (2 ) (37 ) (54 ) (128 ) Net loss $ (3,552 ) $ (1,504 ) $ (8,623 ) $ (7,573 ) 21 Research and Development Revenue Three Months Ended September 30, Change in Nine Months Ended September 30, Change in 2025 2024 $ % 2025 2024 $ % (In thousands, except percentages) Research and development revenue $ 3,792 $ 8,173 $ (4,381 ) -53.6 % $ 15,564 $ 21,977 $ (6,413 ) -29.2 % Research and development revenue was $3.8 million and $15.6 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively, a decrease of 53.6% and 29.2%, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2024, reflecting reduced research and development as we approached DeNovo submission under the PBS BARDA Contract. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company’s revenues disaggregated by the major sources were as follows (in thousands): Three Months Ended September 30, Change in Nine Months Ended September 30, Change in 2025 2024 $ % 2025 2024 $ % (In thousands, except percentages) BARDA $ 3,442 $ 7,567 $ (4,125 ) -54.5 % $ 14,472 $ 20,734 $ (6,262 ) -30.2 % Other U.S. governmental authorities 350 606 (256 ) -42.2 % 1,092 1,243 (151 ) -12.1 % Total research and development revenue $ 3,792 $ 8,173 $ (4,381 ) -53.6 % $ 15,564 $ 21,977 $ (6,413 ) -29.2 % Cost of Revenues and Gross Profit Three Months Ended September 30, Change in Nine Months Ended September 30, Change in 2025 2024 $ % 2025 2024 $ % (In thousands, except percentages) Cost of revenue $ 2,171 $ 4,506 $ (2,335 ) -51.8 % $ 8,485 $ 12,051 $ (3,566 ) -29.6 % Gross profit 1,621 3,667 (2,046 ) -55.8 % 7,079 9,926 (2,847 ) -28.7 % Gross margin 42.7 % 44.9 % 45.5 % 45.2 % Cost of revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $2.1 million and $8.5 million, respectively, a decrease of 51.8% and 29.6%, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2024, due to reduced research and development as we approached DeNovo submission to fulfill our U.S. governmental contracts, in conjunction with decreased research and development revenue. Gross margin for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 was 42.7% and 45.5%, respectively, a decrease of 2.1% and increase of 0.3%, respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2024, due to a higher concentration of direct labor as a component of our overall revenue. 22 General and Administrative Expense Three Months Ended September 30, Change in Nine Months Ended September 30, Change in 2025 2024 $ % 2025 2024 $ % (In thousands, except percentages) General and administrative expense $ 4,962 $ 4,553 $ (409 ) 9.0 % $ 13,439 $ 15,397 $ (1,958 ) -12.7 % General and administrative expense was $5.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, an increase of 9.0%, as compared to the same period in 2024 due to the shift from BARDA research and development to administrative work for FDA submission. Non-revenue generating research and development activities, primarily related to salaries and related costs and consulting fees. Additionally, the Company incurred less put option and premium expense for financing transactions in the current year. General and administrative expense was $13.4 million, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively, a decrease of 12.7% as compared to the same period in 2024, from the reduction in research and development as the Company completed its FDA DeNovo submission in the end of the second quarter of 2025. Non-revenue generating research and development activities, primarily related to salaries and related costs and consulting fees, have decreased by approximately $2.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024. Other income (expense) Three Months Ended September 30, Change in Nine Months Ended September 30, Change in 2025 2024 $ 2025 2024 $ (In thousands, except percentages) Net interest expense $ (300 ) $ (8 ) $ (292 ) $ (597 ) $ - $ (597 ) Borrowing related costs (164 ) (1,059 ) 895 (869 ) (2,034 ) 1,165 Change in fair value of warrant liability 264 350 (86 ) (932 ) 718 (1,650 ) Change in fair value of notes payable - 94 (94 ) 220 (7 ) 227 Foreign exchange transaction loss, net (9 ) (9 ) - (31 ) (34 ) 3 Other income (expenses), including transaction costs - 51 (51 ) - (617 ) 617 Total other income (expense), net $ (209 ) $ (581 ) $ 372 $ (2,209 ) $ (1,974 ) $ (235 ) Net interest expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 primarily relate to interest expense associated with the Avenue Financing as well as costs related to the Company’s insurance policy financing. Change in fair value of warrant liability decreased by approximately $86 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to the same period in 2024. Change in fair value of warrant liability was an expense of $0.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to a benefit of $0.7 million for same period in 2024. The changes reflect fluctuations in the fair value of the Company’s warrants during the three-month and nine-month period ended September 30, 2025. The Company’s warrants are classified as liabilities and remeasured to fair value at each reporting period, with changes recognized in net loss. As a result, fluctuations in the warrant price of Public Warrants and fluctuations in the fair value of other outstanding warrants may cause significant non-cash gains or losses, leading to volatility in reported net loss. Foreign exchange transaction loss for three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 are due to lower balances in our deposit accounts and accounts payable denominated in British pound sterling and less fluctuation in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the British pound sterling. Foreign exchange transaction loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 relates to the increased exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the British pound sterling for our deposit accounts that are denominated in British pound sterling. In addition, this amount includes costs associated with buying British pound sterling for payment of our employees and vendors in the UK. 23 Non-GAAP Financial Measures We use Adjusted EBITDA as a non-GAAP metric when measuring performance, including when measuring current period results against prior periods’ Adjusted EBITDA. This non-GAAP financial measure should be considered in addition to results prepared in accordance with GAAP and should not be considered as a substitute for, or superior to, GAAP results. In addition, Adjusted EBITDA should not be construed as an indicator of our operating performance, liquidity or cash flows generated by operating, investing and financing activities, as there may be significant factors or trends that it fails to address. Because of their non-standardized definitions, non-GAAP measures (unlike GAAP measures) may not be comparable to the calculation of similar measures of other companies. We caution investors that non-GAAP financial information, by its nature, departs from traditional accounting conventions. Supplemental non-GAAP measures are presented solely to permit investors to more fully understand how Spectral AI’s management assesses underlying performance. Adjusted EBITDA We define Adjusted EBITDA as net loss excluding income taxes, depreciation of property and equipment, net interest income, stock compensation, transaction costs and any non-operating financial income and expense. The following table presents our Adjusted EBITDA for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands): Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 2024 2025 2024 (In thousands) Net loss $ (3,552 ) $ (1,504 ) $ (8,623 ) $ (7,573 ) Adjust: Depreciation expense 30 2 42 7 Provision for income taxes 2 37 54 128 Net interest expense 300 8 597 - EBITDA (3,220 ) (1,457 ) (7,930 ) (7,438 ) Additional adjustments: Stock-based compensation 261 173 872 858 Borrowing related costs 164 1,059 869 2,034 Change in fair value of warrant liability (264 ) (350 ) 932 (718 ) Change in fair value of notes payable - (94 ) (220 ) 7 Foreign exchange transaction loss 9 9 31 34 Other (income) expenses, including transaction costs - (51 ) - 617 Adjusted EBITDA $ (3,050 ) $ (711 ) $ (5,446 ) $ (4,606 ) 24 Liquidity and Capital Resources Sources of Liquidity As of September 30, 2025 we had approximately $10.5 million in cash, which is flat when compared to the second quarter of 2025. We had notes payable of $7.8 million, and no other long-term debt. We had an accumulated deficit of approximately $56.9 million. We have historically funded our operations through the issuance of notes and common stock, along with payments under governmental contracts for research and development activity. The new PBS BARDA Contract, executed in September 2023, has a total value of up to approximately $150.0 million if all future options are executed. The base phase of the PBS BARDA Contract, valued at $54.9 million, was exercised concurrently with the contract award in September 2023. To date, our total potential support from BARDA is nearly $272.9 million for our 2013, 2019, and 2023 awards. In April 2023, we received a $4.0 million grant under the MTEC Agreement. In August 2024, the MTEC award was increased to $4.9 million and is currently intended to run through December 2025 with funding dependent on various milestones. See “ Research and Development Revenue ” above. With the PBS BARDA Contract, the recent $7.6 million common stock offering and funding available through the Avenue Financing (as described below), the Company believes it will have sufficient working capital to fund operations for at least one year beyond the release date of the condensed consolidated financial statements. On March 21, 2025, the Company entered into (i) a Loan and Security Agreement (the “LSA”), by and among the Company, Spectral MD Holdings LLC, Spectral MD, Inc. and Avenue Venture Opportunities Fund II, L.P., a fund of Avenue Capital Group, as administrative agent and collateral agent and as a lender (“Avenue”) and (ii) a Supplement to Loan and Security Agreement (the “Supplement”), by and among the Company, Spectral MD Holdings LLC, Spectral MD, Inc. and Avenue. Pursuant to the LSA and Supplement, the Company has the ability to borrow up to $15.0 million in funding from Avenue with an initial draw down of $8.5 million (such transaction, the “Avenue Financing”). The loans under the LSA mature on March 1, 2028, with an interest-only payment period of no less than 15 months, which can be extended to 24 months upon the achievement of certain milestones prior to the end of such 15 month period as described in the Tranche 2 Milestone Date (as defined in the Supplement). The Tranche 2 Commitment (as defined in the Supplement) includes an additional $6.5 million in debt financing and is contingent upon, among other things, (i) U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) clearance of the Company’s DeepView System and (ii) an additional $7.0 million equity raise to be completed by the Company. The Avenue Financing also included warrant coverage equal to 8.5% of the total funding commitment from Avenue, with an exercise price equal to the lower of (i) average of the daily volume weighted average price of Common Stock as reported for each of five (5) consecutive trading days, determined as of the end of the trading on the last trading day before the date of issuance, which was $1.66 and (ii) the lowest price per share paid to the Company by cash investors for Common Stock issued in any sale of Common Stock in a bona-fide equity raising that closes at any time commencing from March 21, 2025 through (but excluding) December 31, 2025. On March 21, 2025, as a condition to the Avenue Financing, the Company entered into securities purchase agreements with certain investors in the United States and the United Kingdom for the sale of an aggregate of 2,076,923 shares of the Company’s Common Stock, at an offering price of $1.30 per Share which raised an additional $2.7 million. In October 2025, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement which provided for the issuance and sale of 3.1 million shares of common stock, at an offering price of $1.90 per share. In addition, in a concurrent private placement the Company issued and sold warrants for the purchase of up to 4.0 million shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants to purchase up to 0.9 million shares of common stock, for aggregate gross proceeds of $7.6 million. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including the revenue growth rate, the success of future product development and capital investment required, and the timing and extent of spending to support further sales and marketing and research and development efforts. In addition, we expect to incur additional costs as a result of operating as a U.S. public company. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in raising any additional capital. If additional financing is required from outside sources, we cannot be sure that any additional financing will be available to us on acceptable terms, if at all. If we are unable to raise additional capital when desired, our business, operating results, and financial condition could be adversely affected. 25 Cash Flows The following table summarizes our cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands): Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 2024 Net cash used in operating activities $ (7,368 ) $ (9,668 ) Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 12,670 8,567 Cash Flows Used in Operating Activities Net cash used in operating activities decreased by approximately $2.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024, primarily driven by decreased staffing levels and consulting costs and expenses resulting from the change in focus to DeepView Burn. Cash Flows Provided by Financing Activities Net cash provided by financing activities increased to approximately $12.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to $8.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. This was primarily attributable to proceeds from the Avenue Financing of $8.3 million, proceeds from the exercise of common stock warrants of $2.0 million and the attendant equity raise of $3.1 million partially, offset by the loan repayments on the Yorkville debt facility. Current Indebtedness The Company has the ability with the LSA to borrow up to $15.0 million in funding from Avenue with an initial draw down of $8.5 million from the Avenue Financing. The loans under the LSA mature on March 1, 2028, with an interest-only payment period of no less than 15 months, which can be extended to 24 months upon the achievement of certain milestones prior to the end of such 15 month period as described in the Tranche 2 Milestone Date (as defined in the Supplement). The Tranche 2 Commitment (as defined in the Supplement) includes an additional $6.5 million in debt financing and is contingent upon, among other things, (i) U.S. FD A’s clearance of the Company’s DeepView System and (ii) an additional $7.0 million equity raise to be completed by the Company. The Avenue Financing also includes warrant coverage equal to 8.5% of the total funding commitment from Avenue, with an exercise price equal to the lower of (i) average of the daily volume weighted average price of Common Stock as reported for each of five (5) consecutive trading days, determined as of the end of the trading on the last trading day before the date of issuance, which was $1.66 and (ii) the lowest price per share paid to the Company by cash investors for Common Stock issued in any sale of Common Stock in a bona-fide equity raising that closes at any time commencing from March 21, 2025 through (but excluding) December 31, 2025. Related Party Transactions On March 7, 2024, the Company formed a new wholly-owned subsidiary, Spectral IP, to be utilized to acquire artificial intelligent intellectual property with a specific emphasis on healthcare. On March 19, 2024, the Company announced that Spectral IP received a $1.0 million investment from an affiliate of its largest stockholder for the development of its artificial intelligence intellectual property portfolio. The investment was structured as a note payable with a one-year maturity, an interest rate of 8%, and requiring earlier prepayment if the Company spins off Spectral IP to the Company’s stockholders or if Spectral IP is sold to a third party (the “Spectral IP Note”). 26 On October 1, 2024, the Spectral IP Note was amended to (i) reduce the annual interest rate from 8% to 4%, (ii) extend the term of the Spectral IP Note through the second anniversary of the issuance date, March 18, 2026, (iii) include a conversion feature at the option of either the holder or Spectral IP to convert the then outstanding principal and accrued but unpaid interest into shares of the Company at any time (into such number of shares calculated by taking a five percent (5.00%) discount to the closing price of the Common Stock on the day prior to the date of notice to the Company of the exercise of the conversion right) and at maturity, respectively, and (iv) provide for registration rights of any shares of the Company issued in satisfaction of the outstanding obligations. The holder of the Spectral IP Note exercised a number of conversion rights throughout the fourth quarter of 2024 for the full conversion of the Spectral IP Note in exchange for a total of 540,996 shares of the Common Stock, which represents a 5.00% discount to the closing price of the Company’s shares of Common Stock on the day prior to the date of notice of the holder’s exercise of its conversion right. There were no outstanding obligations due and owing under the Spectral IP Note as of September 30, 2025. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements During the periods presented, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of SEC Regulation S-K. Critical Accounting Policies Our management’s discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, costs and expenses and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities in our financial statements and accompanying notes. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates which include, but are not limited to, revenue recognition, warrant liabilities, fair value of certain debt, stock-based compensation expense, stock issued for transaction costs, the net realizable value of inventory, right-of-use assets, and income tax valuation allowances. We base our estimates on historical experience, known trends and events and various other factors that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could differ from those estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Our critical accounting policies are described under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Critical Accounting Policies” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, which was filed with the SEC on March 31, 2025. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, there were no material changes to our critical accounting policies from those previously disclosed. Recent Accounting Pronouncements See Note 2, Recent Accounting Pronouncements, of the notes to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-Q for recently adopted accounting standards and recently issued accounting standards as of the dates of the statement of financial position included in this Form 10-Q. Emerging Growth Company We are an emerging growth company, as defined in the JOBS Act. The JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of an extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards. This provision allows an emerging growth company to delay the adoption of some accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have elected to use the extended transition period under the JOBS Act for the adoption of certain accounting standards until the earlier of the date we (i) are no longer an emerging growth company or (ii) affirmatively and irrevocably opt out of the extended transition period provided in the JOBS Act. As a result, our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply more promptly with new or revised accounting pronouncements as of public company effective dates. 27 In addition, as an emerging growth company, we may take advantage of specified reduced disclosure and other requirements that are otherwise applicable generally to public companies. These provisions include: ● being permitted to present only two years of audited consolidated financial statements in addition to any required unaudited interim consolidated financial statements, with correspondingly reduced disclosure in the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”; ● an exception from compliance with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended; ● reduced disclosure about our executive compensation arrangements in our periodic reports, proxy statements and registration statements; ● exemptions from the requirements of holding non-binding advisory votes on executive compensation or golden parachute arrangements; and We may take advantage of these provisions until the last day of the fiscal year ending after the fifth anniversary of the Company’s initial public offering or such earlier time that we no longer qualify as an emerging growth company. We will cease to qualify as an emerging growth company on the date that is the earliest of: (i) December 31, 2026; (ii) the last day of the fiscal year in which we have more than $1.235 billion in total annual gross revenues; (iii) the date on which we are deemed to be a “large accelerated filer” under the rules of the SEC, which means the market value of our common stock that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700.0 million as of the prior June 30th and we have been a public company for at least 12 months and have filed one annual report on Form 10-K; or (iv) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion of non-convertible debt over the prior three-year period. We may choose to take advantage of some but not all of these reduced reporting burdens. Accordingly, the information contained herein may be different than you might obtain from other public companies in which you hold equity interests. We are also a “smaller reporting company.” If we are a smaller reporting company at the time we cease to be an emerging growth company, we may continue to rely on exemptions from certain disclosure requirements that are available to smaller reporting companies. Specifically, as a smaller reporting company, we may choose to present only the two most recent fiscal years of audited consolidated financial statements in our Annual Report and, similar to emerging growth companies, smaller reporting companies have reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk We are exposed to market risks in the ordinary course of our business. These risks primarily include interest rate, foreign exchange, credit and inflation risks. Interest Rate Sensitivity We maintain a large amount of our assets in cash. Our cash is held primarily in cash deposits. The fair value of our cash would not be significantly affected by either an increase or decrease in interest rates due mainly to the short-term nature of these instruments. Additionally, changes to interest rates will impact on the cost of any future borrowings. With respect to our current borrowings, the interest rates on the notes are Prime plus 5%. Changes in prevailing interest rates could have a material impact on our results of operations. Foreign Currency Risk Our revenue is denominated in U.S. dollars. Our expenses are generally denominated in the currencies in which our operations are located, which is primarily in the United States and United Kingdom, with an insignificant portion of expenses incurred in our wholly owned subsidiaries in the UK and denominated in British pound sterling. Credit Risk Financial instruments that subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and accounts receivable. The vast majority of our cash is held in U.S. financial institutions which, at times, exceed federally insured limits. We have not recognized any losses from credit risks on such accounts. We believe we are not exposed to significant credit risk on cash. Additional credit risk is related to our concentration of receivables and revenues. One customer (which is a U.S. government agency) represents the majority of our research and development revenue and accounts receivable. 28 Inflation Risk If the cost of our products, employee costs, or other costs continue to be subject to significant inflationary pressures, such inflationary pressure may have an adverse effect on our ability to maintain current levels of gross margin and selling, general and administrative expense. As a result, our inability to quickly respond to inflation could harm our cash flows and results of operations in the future. Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk Not required for smaller reporting companies. Item 4. Controls and Procedures Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures Our management, including our Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on management’s evaluation as of the quarter ended September 30, 2025, our Chief Financial Officer concluded that during the third quarter, we identified a new material weakness in our internal controls relating to a secondary revenue stream which utilizes the percentage-of-completion method. During the third quarter of 2025, the Company did not timely execute and document the procedures performed on this revenue stream to evaluate the expected cost remaining to complete the project. The Company also noted an additional material weakness which originating from prior periods in 2024 related to our financial statement close process controls which has not yet been remediated. Our remediation and testing continue for the material weakness that our financial statement close process controls which relate to all financial statement accounts, did not consistently operate effectively or lacked appropriate evidence, to ensure account reconciliations, transactions, and journal entries were performed or reviewed at the appropriate level of precision and on a timely basis. As a result of the material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting as described above, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of September 30, 2025. Notwithstanding the identified material weaknesses, our management believes that the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q fairly present, in all material respects, our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows as of and for the periods presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Remediation Plan for Material Weakness Remediation generally requires making changes to how controls are designed and implemented and then adhering to those changes for a sufficient period of time such that the effectiveness of those changes is demonstrated with an appropriate amount of consistency. In response to the material weakness, we implemented, and are continuing to implement, measures designed to improve our internal control over financial reporting. These efforts include: ● engaging a professional accounting services firm to help us assess and commence documentation of our internal controls for complying with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002; ● strengthening, formalizing, documenting and testing accounting processes and internal controls, specifically regarding accrued expenses and contract reviews and improving the information flow throughout the organization to allow for timely communication of new agreements and transactions; ● enhancing functionality of our enterprise resource planning system to support certain key financial processes and controls and enforce certain segregation of duties through automation and approval workflows. The measures we are implementing are subject to continued management review supported by confirmation and testing, as well as audit committee oversight. Management and the Audit Committee remain committed to the implementation of remediation efforts to address the material weakness. We will continue to implement measures to remedy our material weakness, though there can be no assurance that our efforts will be successful or avoid potential future material weaknesses. In addition, until remediation steps have been completed and are operated for a sufficient period of time, and subsequent evaluation of their effectiveness is completed, the material weakness previously disclosed, and as described above, will continue to exist. Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting Except for the remediation efforts in connection with the material weakness described above, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2025 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. 29 PART II - OTHER INFORMATION Item 1. Legal Proceedings The Company is not a party to any material legal proceedings or pending claims. From time to time, the Company may be subject to various legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of its business activities, none of which we believe are material or would be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows or results of operations. Item 1A. Risk Factors Factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those in this Quarterly Report include the risk factors described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 31, 2025 and in the Registration Statement on Form S-4 filed with the SEC on January 5, 2024, as amended. Any of those factors could result in a significant or material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition. Additional risk factors not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also impair our business or results of operations. As of the date of this Quarterly Report, there have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 31, 2025 and in the Registration Statement on Form S-4 filed with the SEC on January 5, 2024, as amended. We may disclose changes to such factors or disclose additional factors from time to time in our future filings with the SEC. Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds None . Use of Proceeds There has been no material change in the planned use of the proceeds from the Business Combination, as is described in the Company’s final prospectus (Registration No. 333-275218), as filed with the SEC on January 2, 2024. Additionally, there has been no material change in the planned use of proceeds from the Avenue Financing, as is described in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K as filed with the SEC on March 26, 2025. Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities None. Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures None. Item 5. Other Information None . 30 Item 6. Exhibits The following exhibits are filed as part of, or incorporated by reference into, this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q: No. Description of Exhibit 2.1 Business Combination Agreement, dated as of April 11, 2023, by and among Rosecliff Acquisition Corp I, Ghost Merger Sub I Inc., Ghost Merger Sub II and Spectral MD Holdings Ltd. (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on April 17, 2023). 31.1* Certification of Principal Executive Officer 31.2* Certification of Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) 32** 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 Certification 101.INS* Inline XBRL Instance Document. 101.SCH* Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. 101.CAL* Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document. 101.DEF* Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. 101.LAB* Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document. 101.PRE* Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document. 104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101). * Filed herewith. ** Furnished herewith. 31 SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized. SPECTRAL AI, INC. Date: November 12, 2025 By: /s/ J. Michael DiMaio Name: J. Michael DiMaio Title: Principal Executive Officer Date: November 12, 2025 By: /s/ Vincent S. Capone Name: Vincent S. Capone Title: Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) 32