What changed in this filing

/stocks — the workspaceLOADING

Item 1A. Risk Factors

2022-11-28 compared with 2021-11-29 · 170 added, 250 removed, 65 unchanged (87% of the section changed)

Summary of Risk Factors

The following table summarizes the material risk factors associated with our Company which are more fully described below:

Risks Associated with our Business and Industry

Business operations

Protection of intellectual property and litigation

Reliance on third party providers

Risks Associated with our Financial Condition

Historical net losses and reliance on licensing

Additional funding requirements for R&D activities

Additional Funding Requirements for Business Plan

Risks Associated with Current Regulatory Environments

Conducting clinical trials

Regulatory and development approvals for pharmaceutical products

Controlled substances

Risks Associated with Securities Markets and Ownership of our Common Stock

Pricing volatility of common stock and warrants

Strategic transactions

Payment of dividends and dilution

Smaller reporting company compliance

General Risks

Page 25 of 90

Risks Associated with our Business and Industry

(i) Risks related to our business operations

We face substantial competition, which may result in others discovering, developing and/or commercializing technology or products similar to ours before or more successfully than we might do.

Lexaria operates in the intensely competitive biotechnology industry.

Lexaria operates in the intensely competitive biotechnology industry and is subject to numerous risks.

Investment in this sector involves a high degree of risk.

You should carefully consider the risks described below as well as other information in this report.

The occurrence of any of the events, circumstances or developments described below could materially and adversely effect our business, financial conditions, results of operations and our future prospects.

Our actual results could differ from those in forward looking statements as a result of numerous factors including the risks described below.

Risks Associated with our Business and Industry

DehydraTECH-enabled pharmaceutical products may not successfully proceed to commercialization.

The advancement of DehydraTECH-enabled products will be subject to successful completion of multi-phase testing under significant regulatory requirements and testing protocols, such as those required by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and comparable foreign regulators.

A number of companies in the biopharmaceutical industry have suffered significant setbacks in advanced clinical trials due to lack of efficacy or adverse safety profiles, notwithstanding promising results in earlier studies.

It is possible we could face similar setbacks.

The effects of such reversions could cause significant delays or abandonment of testing with negative effect to our business through financial loss, industry credibility and/or a temporary or permanent decline in valuation of our Company.

If we are unable to retain and hire qualified personnel, we may not be able to implement our business plan successfully.

In developing DehydraTECH, we rely upon our employees, consultants, contractors, and collaborators.

Our current business prospects are dependent on the principal members of our executive team, the loss of whose services could make it difficult for us to manage our business successfully and to achieve our business objectives.

The loss of the services of any key research, product development, regulatory and technical personnel, or our inability to hire new personnel with the requisite skills, could restrict our ability to carry out our R&D programs and/or develop our product candidates.

Each position in a small company carries relatively greater duties and responsibilities than that position would in a larger organization.

The loss of any of our key personnel could result in severe disruptions to our operations and business plans.

Our ability to identify, attract, integrate, and retain additional qualified key personnel is critical to our success.

Competition for skilled research, product development, regulatory and technical personnel is intense, and we may not be able to recruit and retain the personnel we need.

We face substantial competition, which may result in others discovering, developing and/or commercializing technology or products similar to ours before or more successfully than us.

Our commercial and/or licensing opportunities may be reduced or potentially eliminated if our competitors develop and commercialize products utilizing a similar technology that compete directly with those incorporating DehydraTECH.

Significant delays in the development of our product candidates could allow competitors to bring products to market before us which may impair the ability to commercialize our product candidates.

This could result in reduced sales and increased pricing pressure on our technology which in turn would reduce our ability to generate meaningful revenues and could have a negative impact on our results of operations.

Our competitors might also develop drugs that are more effective, more widely used and less expensive than ours, and they may also be more successful in manufacturing and marketing their products.

This could result in reduced sales and negative pricing pressure on our technology lessening our ability to increase or even sustain revenues and causing deterioration of market prospects.

Our competitors could also develop drugs that are more effective, more widely used and less expensive than our technology supports.

They may also be more successful in manufacturing and marketing their products.

Competitors could acquire regulatory approval of their products before we are able to obtain patent protection or other intellectual property rights, limiting our ability to license our respective patents and/or develop or commercialize a product candidate.

These appreciable advantages could render our product candidates non-competitive or obsolete before we can recover the expenses of research, development, and commercialization.

Our competition includes pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, educational institutions, and research foundations, many of which have substantially greater capital resources, research and development staffs and facilities and greater marketing experience than Lexaria.

Our competition includes pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, educational institutions, and research foundations.

They may have substantially greater capital resources, research and development workforce and facilities and superior marketing experience than Lexaria.

They may be able to respond more rapidly to new regulations and/or devote greater resources to the development and promotion of their business model.

These third parties compete with us in recruiting and retaining qualified scientific and management personnel, establishing clinical trial sites and patient registration for clinical trials, as well as in acquiring technologies and technology licenses complementary to our programs or potentially advantageous to our business.

These third parties compete with us in recruiting and retaining qualified scientific and management personnel, establishing clinical trial sites and patient registration for clinical trials, and in acquiring technologies and technology licenses competitive to our programs or of potential use to our business.

Early-stage companies may also prove to be significant competitors, particularly through collaborative arrangements with large and established companies.

Mergers and acquisitions in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries may result in even more resources being concentrated among a smaller number of our competitors and could increase their ability to rapidly gain market share.

As a result of these factors, management cannot be certain that the Company will be able to compete against current or future competitors or that competitive pressure will not seriously harm its business.

Page 26 of 90

Our failure to protect our intellectual property may have a material adverse effect on our ability to develop and licence DehydraTECH

Any failure in protecting our intellectual property may have a negative impact adverse effect on our ability to develop and licence DehydraTECH.

Because patents involve complex legal and factual questions, the issuance, scope, validity, and enforceability of patents cannot be predicted with certainty.

Some of our patent pending applications may not be granted as patents.

Even if patents are issued, they may not be issued with claims of sufficient breadth to protect DehydraTECH technology or may not provide us with competitive advantage against competitors with similar products or technologies.

Some of our patent pending applications will not be granted as patents.

Even if patents are issued, they may not be granted with claims of sufficient breadth to protect DehydraTECH technology or may not provide us with a competitive advantage over other products or technologies.

Issued patents may be challenged, invalidated, or circumvented.

If patents issued to us are invalidated or found to be unenforceable, we could lose the ability to exclude others from making, using, or selling the inventions claimed.

Moreover, an issued patent does not give us the automatic right to use the patented technology or commercialize a product using the technology.

If they are invalidated or found to be unenforceable, we could lose the ability to exclude others from making, using, or selling the inventions claimed.

An issued patent does not give us the automatic right to use the patented technology or commercialize a product using the technology.

Third parties may have blocking patents that could be used to prevent us from developing our products, selling our products, or commercializing our DehydraTECH technology.

Others may also independently develop products or technologies similar to those that we have developed or may reverse engineer or discover our trade secrets through proper means.

Results of earlier studies may not be predictive of future results and planned or ongoing studies may not establish an adequate efficacy profile for DehydraTECH-enabled products.

The results of studies and trials of DehydraTECH conducted to date and future studies incorporating other APIs may not be predictive of the results of subsequent trials.

Studies published to date on DehydraTECH have demonstrated positive results through oral and topical delivery methods of API payloads.

These results may not be replicated in subsequent studies or trials that incorporate the same or other API payloads.

Licensees subject to significant regulatory requirements and testing protocols, such as those required by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and comparable foreign regulators, must successfully complete multi-phase testing and the results of our studies may not be reflected in the outcome of the testing performed related to their products.

Page 27 of 90

Intellectual Property and Technology development involves a lengthy and expensive process, with an uncertain outcome.

We may incur additional costs or experience delays in completing, or ultimately be unable to complete, all of the research and development for all industry segments.

We may experience delays in initiating or completing our planned studies or trials in the future, and we may experience numerous unforeseen events during, or as a result of, any future studies or trials that we conduct that could delay or prevent our ability to conduct the research, including:

regulators or institutional review boards (“IRBs”), or ethics committees may not authorize us or our investigators to commence a study or trial at a prospective trial site and/or additional governmental regulatory authority authorizations may be required from time-to-time to do so for which there is no assurance that we will be able to satisfy their approval conditions in a timely fashion if at all, whether due to financial or other unforeseen constraints;

we may experience delays in reaching, or fail to reach, agreement on acceptable terms with prospective trial sites and prospective contract research organizations (“CROs”), the terms of which can be subject to extensive negotiation and may vary significantly among different CROs and trial sites;

we may experience delays in recruiting, or be unable to recruit, a sufficient number of suitable participants to participate in our studies or trials;

the participants and sites who participate in our studies or trials may not comply with required protocols rendering the results insufficient or uninterpretable;

studies or trials of various APIs may produce negative or inconclusive results, and we may decide, or regulators may require us, to conduct additional studies or trials or we may decide to abandon development programs related to those APIs;

the number of participants required for studies or trials of an API may be larger than we anticipate, enrollment in these studies or trials may be slower than we anticipate or participants may drop out or fail to return for follow-up at a higher rate than we anticipate;

our third-party contractors may fail to comply with regulatory or legal requirements or meet their contractual obligations to us in a timely manner, or at all, or may deviate from the protocol or drop out, which may require that we find new contractors to perform the work;

we may elect to, or regulators or IRBs or ethics committees may require that we or our investigators, suspend or terminate our research for various reasons, including noncompliance with regulatory requirements or a finding that the participants are being exposed to unacceptable health risk;

the cost of studies or trials of an API may be greater than we anticipate;

Technological R&D in the bioscience industry involves a lengthy, expensive process with an uncertain outcome.

We may incur additional costs or experience delays in completing, or ultimately be unable to complete our studies or trials.

We could encounter numerous unintended and unforeseen events including but not limited to the following:

regulators or institutional review boards (“IRBs”), or ethics committees may not authorize us or our investigators to commence a study or trial at a prospective trial site.

There is no assurance that we will be able to satisfy their approval conditions in a timely fashion if at all, whether due to financial or other unforeseen constraints;

the ability or failure to reach acceptable terms with prospective trial sites and contract research organizations (“CROs”).

These terms can be subject to extensive negotiation and may vary significantly among different CROs and trial sites;

the IRB may disagree with our design or change the requirements for approval even after it has incorporated their review and comments;

authorities may impose a hold on or suspend a program due to any number of factors, including a request for further information or other administrative actions, results of competitors programs, noncompliance with changing regulatory requirements or a finding that the participants are being exposed to unacceptable health risk or changes in governmental regulations;

studies or trials of various APIs may produce negative or inconclusive results.

We may decide or regulators may require us to conduct additional studies or trials.

We may decide to abandon development programs related to those APIs;

the number of participants required may be larger than anticipated.

Participants may drop out or fail to return for follow-up at a higher rate than we anticipate.

Initial enrolment may take longer than scheduled.

We may be unable to recruit a sufficient number of suitable participants;

the participants and sites in our studies or trials may not comply with required protocols rendering the results insufficient or uninterpretable;

the cost of studies or trials of an API may be greater than anticipated and we may lack adequate funding to continue;

any changes in regulatory requirements and guidance that require amending or submitting new protocols;

regulators may require us to submit additional data or impose other requirements before permitting us to initiate a study or trial.

We could encounter delays if a study or trial is suspended or terminated by us or by the IRBs of the institutions in which they are being conducted.

Such authorities may impose such a suspension or termination due to a number of factors, including changes in governmental regulations or administrative actions or lack of adequate funding to continue the study or trial.

Further, the IRB may disagree with our design or may change the requirements for approval even after it has reviewed and commented on the design.

Our research and development costs will also increase if we experience delays in testing or regulatory approvals.

We do not know whether any of our studies or trials will begin as planned, will need to be restructured or will be completed on schedule, or at all.

Any delays in our development programs may significantly harm our business, prospects, financial condition, and results of operations.

Page 28 of 90

(ii) Risks related to protection of intellectual property and litigation

regulators may require the submission of additional data or impose other requirements before granting permission to proceed.

Our R&D costs will increase with delays in testing and/or regulatory approvals.

We do not know whether any of our projected studies or trials will begin as planned, will need to be restructured once commenced, or will be completed on schedule, or at all.

Any delays in our development programs could significantly impact our share value, business prospects, financial condition, and results of operations.

If we are unable to obtain and maintain sufficient patent protection, or if the scope of the patent protection is not sufficiently broad, our competitors could develop technology similar to ours.

Our success depends in large part on our ability to obtain and maintain patent protection in the United States and other countries with respect to our intellectual property.

If we do not adequately protect or enforce our intellectual property, competitors may be able to erode or negate any competitive advantage we may have, which could harm our business and ability to achieve profitability.

To protect our intellectual property, we file patent applications in the United States and abroad.

The patent application and approval process is expensive, complex and time-consuming.

We may not be able to effectively enforce our intellectual property rights throughout the world.

Filing, prosecuting, and defending patents in all countries throughout the world would be prohibitively expensive.

Our ability to protect and enforce our intellectual property rights may be adversely affected by unforeseen changes in foreign intellectual property laws.

Additionally, the patent laws of some foreign countries do not provide protection to the same extent as the laws of the United States.

This could make it difficult for us to stop the infringement of our patents or the misappropriation of our intellectual property rights.

Patent laws of some foreign countries do not provide protection to the same extent as the laws of the United States.

These factors could make it difficult for us to stop the infringement of our patents or the misappropriation of our intellectual property rights.

Legal actions to enforce our patent rights in foreign jurisdictions could result in substantial costs and divert our efforts and resources from other aspects of our business.

While we intend to protect our intellectual property, we cannot ensure that we will be able to initiate or maintain legal efforts in all jurisdictions.

(iii) Risks related to our reliance on third party providers

We have relied, and will rely in the future, on third parties to conduct, supervise, and monitor our R&D programs.

If third party performance is unsatisfactory, including failing to meet deadlines for the completion of contracts or failing to comply with regulatory requirements our research programs may be delayed or could fail to develop required data.

We do not have the ability to conduct our studies or pre-clinical trials independently and thus rely on third parties to conduct, supervise, and monitor our R&D programs.

While we have, or expect to have, agreements governing the activities of such third parties, we will have limited influence and control over their actual performance and activities.

Third-party service providers are not our employees, and except for remedies available to us under contract with such third parties, we cannot control whether or not they devote sufficient time, skill and resources to our programs.

We remain responsible for ensuring that each of our programs are conducted in accordance with the applicable protocol, legal, regulatory, and scientific standards, and our reliance on third parties will not relieve us of our regulatory responsibilities.

We remain responsible for ensuring that each of our trials is conducted in accordance with the general investigational plan and protocols for that trial.

If these third parties do not successfully carry out their contractual duties, meet expected deadlines or conduct our R&D programs or preclinical studies in accordance with our stated protocols or regulatory requirements, or if the quality or accuracy of the data they obtain is compromised due to the failure to adhere to our protocols, regulatory requirements or for other reasons we or other third-party collaborators may be subject to regulatory enforcement or other legal actions.

We cannot ensure that we will be able to initiate or maintain legal efforts in all jurisdictions which could limit the markets for our technology and reduce possible future revenues.

We are dependent on the services of third parties and unsatisfactory performance will negatively affect our Company.

We rely on third parties to conduct, supervise, and monitor our R&D programs.

Third-party service providers are not our employees, and except for remedies available to us under contract, we cannot control whether or not they devote sufficient time, skill, and resources to our programs.

We remain responsible for ensuring that each of our programs are conducted in accordance with the applicable protocol, legal, regulatory and scientific standards.

If third parties do not successfully carry out their contractual duties in meeting expected deadlines or not conducting our R&D programs or preclinical studies as prescribed, if the quality or accuracy of the data they obtain is compromised due to the failure to adhere to our protocols, regulatory requirements or for other reasons, we or our collaborators may be subject to regulatory enforcement or other legal actions.

Resultant data generated in our preclinical programs may be deemed unreliable and our studies and trials may need to be repeated, extended, delayed, or terminated.

1 unchanged sentence

As a result, our results of operations and the commercial prospects for our product candidates would be harmed, our costs could increase and our ability to generate revenues could be delayed.

Agreements with third parties conducting or otherwise assisting with our R&D might terminate for a variety of reasons, including a failure to perform by the third parties.

If any of our relationships with these third parties terminate, we may not be able to enter into arrangements with alternative providers or to do so on commercially reasonable terms.

Switching or adding additional third parties involve increased management time and focus and additional cost.

With a transition to a new third party and alternative arrangements there will be delays in our research programs and this will adversely affect our business.

We intend to manage our relationships with third parties carefully and respectfully but there can be no assurance that we will not encounter challenges or delays in the future or that these delays or challenges will not have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and prospects, and results of operations.

Page 29 of 90

We rely upon third parties for the manufacture of our B2B products.

If those third parties do not perform satisfactorily, including failing to meet deadlines for the completion of such contract or failing to manufacture goods to the exact specifications of our customers, it could lead to our B2B customers dissatisfaction and could harm our reputation and cause loss of revenues.

We rely and expect that we will rely on third party suppliers and manufacturers to provide us with the materials and services to manufacture our DehydraTECH compounds for our B2B customers.

While we do have in-house expertise and capacity to manufacture using DehydraTECH, we do not own or lease manufacturing facilities.

To the extent we are unable to successfully manage the performance of third-party service providers, our business may be adversely affected.

If these third parties do not successfully carry out their contractual duties or obligations or meet expected deadlines, or if the quality or accuracy of the product they produce is compromised due to the failure to adhere to our protocols, regulatory requirements or for other reasons, our relationship with our B2B customers may be critically affected and may result in the loss of revenue.

Demand for our services may be adversely affected if consumers lose confidence in the quality of our services or the industry’s practices.

Adverse publicity may discourage businesses from contracting our services and could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

The FDA, or equivalent regulatory authority, governs the manufacturing process for product candidates in pre-clinical and clinical trials and will inspect the facilities at which the product is manufactured.

Approval of the product will not occur unless the manufacturing facilities are in compliance with the FDA’s current good manufacturing practice (“cGMP”) regulations, or equivalent foreign authority.

If our suppliers or manufacturers do not comply with the FDA or foreign regulations for our product candidates, we may experience delays in timing or supply, be forced to manufacture our product candidates ourselves or seek to enter contract with another supplier or manufacturer.

If we are required to switch suppliers or manufacturers, we will be required to verify that the new supplier or manufacturer maintains facilities and processes in line with cGMP regulations, which may result in delays, additional expenses, and may have a material adverse effect on our ability to complete the development of our product candidates.

(iv) Risks related to the effects of COVID-19

We also rely on third party suppliers and manufacturers to provide us with the facilities, materials, and services to manufacture our DehydraTECH compounds for our research programs and our B2B customers.

It is possible that such third parties may not successfully carry out their contractual obligations, meet expected deadlines, adhere to our protocols, or comply with regulatory requirements.

This could result in the lost revenue or program delays.

Demand for our services may be adversely affected if customers lose confidence in the quality of our services or the industry’s practices.

Adverse publicity may discourage businesses from contracting our services and could have a material adverse effect on future revenue generation.

Agreements with third parties conducting services on our behalf might terminate for a variety of reasons, including a failure to perform by the third parties.

If any of these terminate, we may be unable to enter into arrangements with alternative providers or to do so on commercially reasonable terms.

Switching or adding additional third parties involve increased management time, focus, regulatory approvals and/or additional cost.

Any delays in our manufacturing capabilities or research studies may have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and prospects.

Any failure to prevent or mitigate security breaches and improper access to or disclosure of our data or our user data could result in the loss or misuse of such data, which could harm our business and reputation and diminish our competitive position

Awareness and sensitivity to personal data breaches and cyber security threats is at an all-time high.

Our computer systems and those of our contractors and consultants are vulnerable to damage from unauthorized access, computer viruses, telecommunications and electrical failures, and natural disasters.

If such an event were to occur and cause interruptions in our operations, it could result in a material disruption of our R&D programs.

We depend on digital technologies for the successful operation of our business, including corporate email communications to and from employees, licensees, consultants and third-party providers, collection, use and retention of investor data, security systems with respect to our Health Canada licensed laboratory and maintenance of confidential information.

As part of our business model, we collect, retain, and transmit confidential information over public networks.

We may be vulnerable to targeted or random personal data or security breaches, acts of vandalism, computer malware, misplaced or lost data, programming and/or human errors, or other similar events.

Any misappropriation of our internal confidential or personal information gathered, stored or used by us, be it intentional or accidental, could have a material impact on the operation of our business, including severely damaging our reputation and our relationships with licensees, employees and investors.

We may incur further significant costs implementing additional security measures to protect against new or enhanced data security or privacy threats, or to comply with current and new international, federal, and state laws governing the unauthorized disclosure of confidential and personal information which are continuously being enacted.

We could also experience loss of revenues resulting from unauthorized use of proprietary information including our intellectual property.

We could also face sizable fines, significant breach containment and notification costs to supervisory authorities and the affected data subjects, and increased litigation as a result of cyber security or personal data breaches.

We may be subject to claims that our employees, consultants, or independent contractors have wrongfully used or disclosed alleged trade secrets.

We employ, and may employ in the future, individuals who were previously employed at other biotechnology or pharmaceutical companies, including our competitors or potential competitors.

We could be subject to claims that the Company or our employees, consultants or independent contractors have inadvertently or otherwise used or disclosed trade secrets or other proprietary information of their former employers.

Successful claims could result in our loss of valuable intellectual property rights or personnel in addition to suffering monetary damages.

Even if we are successful in any litigation, it could result in substantial costs and be a distraction to management with an adverse impact on our business.

Risks related to the effects of COVID-19

The outbreak of the coronavirus (COVID-19) has evolved into a global pandemic.

1 unchanged sentence

With the continued spread of the virus, our business operations could be interrupted or delayed.

It is possible that our R&D programs could be adversely affected by the pandemic.

In some of our programs, particularly our human studies, participant recruitment and enrollment, participant dosing, distribution of results, study monitoring and data analysis may be paused or delayed due to the effects that the pandemic has in different countries, regions, states, provinces, or localities.

It is possible that our R&D programs could be adversely affected by the restrictions imposed during the pandemic.

Travel restrictions, lock-down quarantines or other such limitations may hamper our ability to conduct our R & D programs.

In some of our programs, particularly our human studies, participant recruitment and enrolment, participant dosing, distribution of results, study monitoring and data analysis may be paused or delayed due to the effects that the pandemic has in different localities.

If the virus continues to spread, some participants and clinical investigators may not be able to comply with clinical trial protocols.

For example, travel restrictions, lock-down quarantines or other limitations that might limit our ability to conduct our R&D programs.

We currently utilize third parties to conduct our R&D programs and to produce products for our B2B customers.

These relationships could be adversely impacted by restrictions resulting from the virus outbreak.

We currently utilize third parties to conduct our R&D programs and in the production of our B2B customers’ products.

These relationships could be adversely impacted by any future covid-related restrictions.

It is possible that our supply chain may be disrupted, limiting our ability to manufacture products for our R&D operations or for our B2B customers.

The spread of COVID-19 and its variants, has caused a broad impact globally, including restrictions on travel and quarantine policies put into place by businesses and governments, and it may have a material economic effect on our business.

The spread of COVID-19 and its variants has caused a broad global impact which could have a material economic effect on our business.

While the potential economic impact brought by and the duration of the pandemic may be difficult to assess or predict, it has already caused, and is likely to result in further significant disruption of global financial markets, which may reduce our ability to access capital either on favorable terms or at all.

In addition, inflation, stagflation, recession or other sustained adverse economic events resulting from the spread of the virus could materially and adversely affect our business and the market for or value of our common stock.

Page 30 of 90

Inflation and recession or other sustained adverse economic events resulting from the pandemic could materially and adversely affect our business and the market for or value of our common stock.

Risks Associated with our Financial Condition

(i) Risks related to historical net losses and reliance on licensing

Our Company has little operating history and an evolving business model, which raises doubt about our ability to achieve profitability or obtain financing.

Our Company has no significant history of operations and our business model is still evolving and is subject to change.

Our revenues are dependent upon licensing DehydraTECH and on those licensees generating usages fees by successfully selling products utilizing DehydraTECH.

Without increased market acceptance of our technologies, we may not generate meaningful revenue.

Our licensees may also be subject to regulatory approval of their products that utilize DehydraTECH, which may not occur before they can bring their products to market and we generate usage licensing revenues from them.

Our Company’s ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon our ability to obtain adequate financing for our research and development and our operational requirements and/or to reach profitable levels of operations.

In that regard we have no proven history of performance, earnings, or success.

Our revenues are primarily generated from out-licensing of DehydraTECH technology.

Without additional financing to develop our business plan, our business may fail.

We have generated only minimal revenue from our business and anticipate that we will need to raise further financing to conduct and grow our business.

We can provide no assurance that we will be able to secure such financing.

The most likely source of future funds presently available to us is through the sale of equity capital.

Any sale of share capital will result in dilution to existing security-holders.

The longer-term growth of our business depends on our ability to expand our portfolio of patents and industry segments where DehydraTECH is demonstrably applicable, which may require substantial financial resources and may ultimately be unsuccessful.

There can be no assurance that we will achieve significant revenues or profitable operations or will generate adequate funds to continue our intellectual property development.

1 unchanged sentence

As a result, we may experience material fluctuations in future operating results on a quarterly and annual basis which could materially affect our business, financial condition, and operating results.

Although we exercise due consideration in the development of our technology, we cannot be certain that our overall business model within any particular sector will ever come to fruition, and if they do, will not decline over time.

The R&D programs required to evidence that DehydraTECH’s demonstrated efficacy also works with other APIs and molecules to develop the evidence may ultimately be unsuccessful.

We cannot be certain that our overall business model within any particular sector will ever come to fruition, and if they do, may not generate meaningful profits.

We may not recover all or any portion of our capital investment in our research and technology development, marketing, or other aspects of the business.

(ii) Risks related to additional funding requirements for R&D activities

The longer-term growth of our business depends upon our ability to expand our patent portfolio of applicable APIs and molecules and delivery methods.

We may also be required to evidence that DehydraTECH’s demonstrated efficacy also works with other APIs and molecules prior to acceptance and adoption within those segments.

The R&D programs required to develop the evidence may require substantial financial resources and may ultimately be unsuccessful.

(iii) Risks related to additional funding requirements for business plan

Without additional financing to develop our business plan, our business may fail.

Because we have generated only minimal revenue from our business and cannot anticipate when we will be able to generate meaningful revenue from our business, we will need to raise additional funds to conduct and grow our business.

We anticipate that we will need to raise further financing.

We do not currently have any arrangements for financing and we can provide no assurance to investors that we will be able to find such financing if required.

The most likely source of future funds presently available to us is through the sale of equity capital.

Any sale of share capital will result in dilution to existing security-holders.

Page 31 of 90

We may enter into collaborations with third parties for the development and commercialization of our product candidates.

If we fail to enter into such collaborations, or such collaborations are not successful, we may not be able to capitalize on the market potential of our product candidates.

We face significant competition in seeking appropriate partners.

Our ability to reach a definitive agreement in any collaboration depends in part on our assessment of their resources, expertise and intent, the terms and conditions of the proposed agreement and the evaluation of numerous factors by the proposed collaborator.

Our ability to generate revenues from these arrangements will depend on our collaborators’ abilities to successfully perform the functions assigned to them in these arrangements.

If we are unable to reach agreements with suitable collaborators on a timely basis, on acceptable terms, or at all, we may have to curtail the development of a product candidate, reduce or delay our development programs.

This might delay our potential development schedule or reduce the scope of research activities or increase our expenditures.

We may have to undertake further discovery or preclinical development activities at our own expense.

If we fail to enter into collaborations and do not have sufficient funds or expertise to undertake the necessary development activities, we may not be able to further develop our product candidates or continue to develop our product candidates and our business may be materially and adversely affected.

Future collaborations may involve the following risks whereby collaborators may:

not perform their obligations as expected or terminated an agreement for their convenience.

If terminated, we could be required to raise additional capital to pursue further development or commercialization of the applicable product candidates.

We could face difficulty in attracting new collaborators.

The markets’ perception of our business could be adversely affected.

have significant discretion in determining the efforts and resources that they will apply.

We would have limited control over the amount and timing of resources.

They may provide insufficient funding for product development of our selected targets.

have us repeat or conduct new discovery and preclinical development or delay, stop or abandon discovery and preclinical development of a product candidate.

view product candidates discovered in collaboration as competitive with their existing product candidates or products.

They may cease to devote resources to the development of collaborative product candidates.

independently develop, or develop with third parties, products that compete directly or indirectly with our products or product candidates if they conclude that competitive products are more likely to be successfully developed than our products.

use their proprietary information in such a way as to invite litigation that could jeopardize or invalidate our intellectual property.

become involved in a business combination which, subject to its contractual obligations, might detract from or terminate the development of any of our product candidates.

Risk Associated with Current Regulatory Environments

(i) Risks related to conducting clinical trials

Our product candidates are in an early stage of development and may fail or experience significant delays or may never advance to the clinical stage, which may materially and adversely impact our business.

All of our R&D programs are in the early, pre-application stage of preclinical development and our future success heavily depends on the successful development of our DehydraTECH product candidates, which may never occur.

All of our R&D programs are in the preclinical development stage and our future success heavily depends on the successful development of our DehydraTECH product candidates which may never occur.

These product candidates could be delayed, not advance into the clinic, or unexpectedly fail at any stage of development.

Before we can commence clinical trials for a product candidate, we must conduct extensive preclinical and other non-clinical tests in order to support an investigational new drug (“IND”) application, including IND-enabling good laboratory practice toxicology studies, in the United States or their equivalents with regulatory authorities in other jurisdictions.

Preclinical studies and clinical trials are expensive, difficult to design and can take many years.

2 unchanged sentences

Even if we are able to complete our preclinical studies and planned clinical trials in line with our projected timelines, results from such studies and trials may be not replicated in subsequent preclinical studies or clinical trial results.

Additionally, such studies may be delayed due to events beyond our control including as a result of natural disasters of any kind.

Additionally, such studies may be delayed due to events beyond our control.

As a result, we cannot guarantee that we will be able to submit INDs, or similar applications, within our projected timelines, if at all, or that the FDA, or similar regulatory authorities, will allow us to commence clinical trials.

Pharmaceutical products incorporating DehydraTECH has never been approved for the treatment of disease.

In order to commercialize a product that utilizes DehydraTECH for the treatment of any disease, we and/or our commercial partner must obtain regulatory approvals for such product for treatment of a particular indication.

Satisfying regulatory requirements is an expensive process that typically takes many years and involves compliance with requirements covering R&D, testing, manufacturing, quality control, labeling, and promotion of drugs for human use.

To obtain necessary regulatory approvals, a licensee must, among other requirements, complete clinical trials demonstrating that their product is safe and effective for a particular indication.

There can be no assurance that any product enhanced by DehydraTECH will be proven to be safe and effective, that the clinical trials will demonstrate the necessary safety and effectiveness of the product candidates, or that we will be successful in obtaining regulatory approval for any treatment developed, even if such safety and effectiveness are demonstrated.

Page 32 of 90

Any delays or difficulties encountered in such clinical trials may delay or preclude regulatory approval from the United States Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) or from international regulatory organizations.

Any delay or preclusion of regulatory approval would be expected to delay or preclude the commercialization of their product that utilizes DehydraTECH.

Examples of delays or difficulties that may be encountered during clinical trials include without limitation the following:

In order to commercialize a product that utilizes DehydraTECH for the treatment of any disease, we and/or our commercial partner must obtain regulatory product approvals for treatment of a particular indication.

Satisfying regulatory requirements is an expensive process that typically takes many years.

There are compliance requirements covering R&D, testing, manufacturing, quality control, labelling, and promotion of drugs for human use.

To obtain necessary regulatory approvals we must complete clinical trials demonstrating that our product is safe and effective for a particular indication.

There can be no assurance that any product enhanced by DehydraTECH will be proven to be safe and effective, that clinical trials will demonstrate the necessary safety and effectiveness of the product candidates, or that we will be successful in obtaining regulatory approval for any treatment developed, even if such safety and effectiveness are demonstrated.

We may encounter obstacles in obtaining regulatory approval from the FDA or other international regulatory organizations during clinical trials including:

clinical trials may not yield sufficiently conclusive results for regulatory agencies to approve the use of DehydraTECH;

3 unchanged sentences

patients involved in the clinical trials may suffer severe adverse side effects even up to death, whether as a result of treatment with DehydraTECH enhanced formulations, the withholding of such treatment, or other reasons whether within or outside of our control;

failure to be able to enroll a sufficient number of patients in the clinical trials;

patients enrolled in the clinical trials may not have the characteristics necessary to obtain regulatory approval for a particular indication or patient population;

4 unchanged sentences

Delays or rejections in the regulatory approval process because of additional government regulation resulting from future legislation or administrative action, or from changes in the policies of the FDA or other regulatory bodies during the period of product development, clinical trials, or regulatory review may occur.

Failure to comply with applicable regulatory requirements may result in criminal prosecution, civil penalties, recall or seizure of products, total or partial suspension of production, or an injunction preventing certain activity, as well as other regulatory action against our product candidates or us.

We currently have no commercial pharmaceutical products and therefore generate no revenue from pharmaceutical products and may never be able to develop marketable pharmaceutical products.

We have no experience in filing the applications necessary to obtain marketing approval and expect that we will need to rely on CROs and regulatory consultants to assist us with this process.

Regulatory approval also requires the submission about the product manufacturing process and inspection of the manufacturing facilities, to the relevant regulatory authority.

Our success is dependent on our, or our licensee’s, ability to successfully navigate the risks and obstacles associated with obtaining FDA clearance for any DehydraTECH enhanced formulated product

Page 33 of 90

(ii) Risks related to regulatory and development approvals for pharmaceutical products

We have no experience in filing the applications necessary to obtain approval and expect that we will need to rely on CROs and regulatory consultants to assist us with this process.

Regulatory approval also requires the submission about the product manufacturing process and the inspection of the manufacturing facilities.

Our success is dependent on our or a third parties’ ability to successfully navigate the risks and obstacles associated with obtaining FDA clearance for any DehydraTECH enhanced formulated product.

Pharmaceutical products using DehydraTECH with CBD as an API have never been approved for the treatment of any disease.

Some of the pharmaceutical product candidates that we intend to develop may contain CBD and/or THC.

To date the FDA has approved only limited use of cannabinoids for the treatment of any disease or condition.

2 unchanged sentences

The lack of policies, practices or guidelines may hinder or slow review by the FDA of any regulatory filings that we may submit.

Moreover, the FDA may respond to these submissions by defining requirements that we may not have anticipated.

(iii) Risks related to controlled substances

Hemp-based CBD can be confused with marijuana-based CBD which remains illegal under federal law.

In conjunction with the enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 (the “Farm Bill”), the FDA released a statement about the status of CBD as a nutritional supplement, and the agency’s actions in the short term with regards to CBD will guide the industry.

The regulation of CBD products is currently in constant flux and any difficulties in compliance with future government regulation could increase our operating costs and adversely impact our results of operations in future periods.

Furthermore, violations of these laws, or alleged violations, could disrupt our business or the business of our licensees and result in a material adverse effect on our operations.

We cannot predict the nature of any future laws, regulations, interpretations, or applications, and it is possible that regulations may be enacted in the future that will be directly applicable to our business.

In addition, the interstate shipment of hemp-derived CBD from one state to another is legal only where both states have laws and regulations that allow for the production and sale of such products and that qualify under the Farm Bill.

Therefore, the marketing and sale of DehydraTECH products containing hemp-derived CBD is limited by such factors and is restricted to such states.

A repeal or adverse amendment of laws and regulations that are now favorable to the distribution, marketing, and sale of finished products our licensees intend to sell could significantly limit, restrict or prevent us from generating revenue related to DehydraTECH technology-enabled products that contain hemp-derived CBD.

The FDA may respond to these submissions by defining requirements that we may not have anticipated.

Regulation of non-pharmaceutical hemp-based CBD products is evolving.

We cannot predict the nature of any future laws, regulations, interpretations, or their application to non-pharmaceutical hemp-based CBD.

It is probable that regulations may be enacted that will be directly applicable to our business.

Violations, alleged or otherwise, could disrupt our business or the business of our licensees.

Any compliance deficiencies with future government regulation could increase our operating costs.

In the US, interstate shipment of hemp-derived non-pharmaceutical CBD from one state to another is legal only where both states have laws and regulations that allow for the production and sale of such products and that qualify under the Farm Bill.

The marketing and sale of DehydraTECH products containing hemp-derived non-pharmaceutical CBD is limited by such factors and is restricted to such states.

A repeal or adverse amendment of laws and regulations that are now favorable to the distribution, marketing, and sale of finished products of hemp-derived CBD our licensees intend to sell could significantly limit, restrict, or prevent us from generating revenue related to these DehydraTECH enabled non-pharmaceutical products.

Any such repeal or adverse amendment of now favorable laws and regulations could have an adverse impact on our business plan with respect to such revenues.

Controlled substance legislation differs between counties, states and countries and legislation in certain countries may restrict or limit our ability to develop and commercialize products using DehydraTECH.

We currently have licensees who produce hemp-derived CBD products.

The Farm Bill delegates the authority to the states to regulate and limit the production of hemp and hemp-derived products within their territories.

Although many states have adopted laws and regulations that allow for the production and sale of hemp and hemp-derived products under certain circumstances, no assurance can be given that such state laws may not be repealed or amended such that our intended products containing hemp-derived CBD would once again be deemed illegal under the laws of one or more states now permitting such products, which in turn would render such intended products illegal in those states under federal law even if the federal law is unchanged.

In the event of either repeal of federal or of state laws and regulations, or of amendments thereto that are averse to our or our licensee’s products, we may be adversely impacted with respect to DehydraTECH-enabled CBD product revenue or royalties.

Page 34 of 90

Although Lexaria does not sell any marijuana or marijuana-based CBD, under its discontinued business operations, its former licensee’s products could be treated as being illegal under federal or state authorities.

Lexaria has discontinued business operations which had ancillary involvement exposure via out-licensing of its intellectual property to licensees that may utilize DehydraTECH in the production of products that contain contents which are locally or state approved but federally controlled.

Where licensee’s products contain controlled contents any revenue streams from such licensee’s may be interrupted by regulatory involvement in their business.

Controlled substance legislation differs between localities.

Legislation in certain jurisdictions may restrict or limit our ability to develop and commercialize products using DehydraTECH.

We currently have licensees who produce hemp-derived non-pharmaceutical CBD products.

The Farm Bill delegates the authority to the states to regulate and limit the production of these products within their territories.

Many states now have laws and regulations that allow for the production and sale of hemp-derived CBD products.

We can offer no assurance that these state laws will not be repealed or amended which could render these products illegal.

Such actions would adversely impact our product revenue and royalties derived from DehydraTECH-enabled CBD products.

Risks Associated with Securities Markets and Ownership of our Common Stock

(i) Risks related to pricing volatility of common stock and warrants

The trading price of the shares of our common stock could be highly volatile and as such investors could incur substantial losses.

Prospects for companies in the biotechnology industry may be regarded generally as uncertain given the nature of the industry and, accordingly, investments in biotechnology companies should be regarded as speculative.

We have experienced erratic share-price and trading volume movement of our common stock which could be influenced by any number of factors which include the Risk Factors discussed in this section of the Report on 10-K and many others.

In general, trading stocks on any market and particularly in stocks of bioscience companies can be characterized by wide fluctuations in trading prices, due to many factors that may be unrelated to the operating performance or business prospects of any particular company.

We have warrants that are listed on the Nasdaq pursuant to our January 2021 underwritten offering but they do not confer any rights of common stock ownership on their holders, such as voting rights or the right to receive dividends, but rather merely represent the right to acquire shares of common stock at a fixed price.

Upon exercise of a warrant, a holder will be entitled to exercise the rights of a common stockholder as to the security exercised only as to matters for which the record date occurs after the exercise.

Although the warrants from the Company’s underwritten offering are currently trading on Nasdaq, there can be no assurance that there will be an active trading market for the warrants.

Without an active trading market, the liquidity of the warrants will be limited.

(ii) Risks related to strategic transactions

Our by-laws do not contain anti-takeover provisions, which could result in a change of our management, directors and directors if there is a take-over of our company.

We have experienced erratic share price and trading volume movement of our common stock which could be influenced by any number of factors including those extraneous to our operating performance and business prospects.

Our by-laws do not contain anti-takeover provisions, which could result in a change of our executive management and directors if there is a take-over of our Company.

We do not currently have a shareholder rights plan or any anti-takeover provisions in our by-laws.

Without any anti-takeover provisions, there is no deterrent for a take-over of our Company, which may result in a change in our management and/or directors.

Page 35 of 90

(iii) Risks related to non-payment of dividends and dilution

Because we do not intend to pay any dividends on our shares, investors seeking dividend income or liquidity should not purchase our shares.

We have not declared or paid any dividends on our shares since inception, and do not anticipate paying any such dividends for the foreseeable future.

We presently do not anticipate that we will pay dividends on any of our common stock in the foreseeable future.

If payment of dividends does occur at some point in the future, it would be contingent upon our revenues and earnings, if any, capital requirements, and general financial condition.

The payment of any common stock dividends will be within the discretion of our Board of directors.

We presently intend to retain all earnings to implement our business plan;

accordingly, we do not anticipate the declaration of any dividends for common stock in the foreseeable future.

Investors seeking dividend income or liquidity should not invest in our shares.

Because we can issue additional shares, purchasers of our shares may incur immediate dilution and may experience further dilution.

Without any anti-takeover provisions, there is no deterrent for an unwanted take-over of our Company.

This could result in a change of management, business strategy, a lower enterprise valuation than anticipated and/or dilution of current shareholdings.

We do not intend to pay any dividends on our shares.

We have not declared or paid any dividends on our shares since inception.

We intend to retain any earnings to implement our business plan.

Investors seeking dividend income should not invest in our shares.

Purchasers of our shares may incur dilution.

We are authorized to issue up to 220,000,000 shares.

The board of directors of our Company has the authority to approve additional share issuances, and to determine the rights, preferences, and privileges of such shares, without consent of any of our stockholders.

Consequently, our stockholders may experience more dilution in their ownership of our Company in the future.

(iv) Risks related to smaller reporting company compliance

Our Board has the authority to approve additional share issuances, and to determine the rights, preferences, and privileges of such shares, without consent of any of our stockholders.

We may issue shares in the future to raise working capital resulting in shareholders dilution in the ownership of our Company.

We are a “smaller reporting company” under the SEC’s disclosure rules and have elected to comply with the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to smaller reporting companies.

We are a “smaller reporting company” under the SEC’s disclosure rules, meaning that we have either:

a public float of less than $250 million;

annual revenues of less than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year;

no public float;

a public float of less than $700 million.

As a smaller reporting company, we are permitted to comply with scaled-back disclosure obligations in our SEC filings compared to other issuers, including with respect to disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements.

We have elected to adopt the accommodations available to smaller reporting companies.

Until we cease to be a smaller reporting company, the scaled-back disclosure in our SEC filings will result in less information about our company being available than for other public companies.

If investors consider our common shares less attractive as a result of our election to use the scaled-back disclosure permitted for smaller reporting companies, there may be a less active trading market for our common shares and our share price may be more volatile.

We are also a non-accelerated filer under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, and we are not required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Therefore, our internal controls over financial reporting will not receive the level of review provided by the process relating to the auditor attestation included in annual reports of issuers that are subject to the auditor attestation requirements.

In addition, we cannot predict if investors will find our common shares less attractive because we are not required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements.

If some investors find our common shares less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our common shares and trading price for our common shares may be negatively affected.

Page 36 of 90

Operating as a public company, we incur increased costs and our management is required to devote substantial time to new compliance initiatives and corporate governance practices.

As a public company we have incurred, and will continue to incur, significant legal, accounting, and other fees related to our compliance measures under the listing requirements of SEC, Nasdaq, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 ("Sarbanes-Oxley"), the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform, British Columbia Securities Commission, Ontario Securities Commission, FINRA and other applicable securities rules and regulations.

Our management devotes a substantial amount of time towards maintaining compliance with these requirements including establishment and maintenance of effective disclosure and financial controls and corporate governance practices.

These requirements increase our legal and financial compliance costs and make some activities more time-consuming and costly.

These rules and regulations are often subject to varying interpretations, in many cases due to their lack of specificity, and, as a result, their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidance is provided by regulatory and governing bodies.

This could result in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and higher costs necessitated by ongoing revisions to disclosure and governance practices.

The increased costs could impact our results of operations, and may require us to reduce costs in other areas of our business or increase the prices of our products or services.

We cannot predict or estimate the amount or timing of additional costs we may incur to respond to these requirements.

The impact of these requirements and other requirements could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on our Board of directors, our board committees, or as executive officers.

General Risks

Obtaining and maintaining patent protection depends on compliance with various procedural, document submission, fee payment and other requirements imposed by governmental patent agencies, and our patent protection could be reduced or eliminated for non-compliance with these requirements.

The USPTO and various foreign governmental patent agencies require compliance with their procedural, documentary, fee payment and other provisions during the patent application process.

Periodic maintenance fees on issued patents often must be paid to the USPTO and foreign patent agencies over the lifetime of each patent.

While an unintentional lapse can in many cases be cured by payment of a late fee or by other means in accordance with the applicable rules, there are situations in which noncompliance can result in abandonment or lapse of the patent or patent application, resulting in partial or complete loss of patent rights in the relevant jurisdiction.

Non-compliance events that could result in abandonment or lapse of a patent or patent application include, but are not limited to, failure to respond to official actions within prescribed time limits, non-payment of fees and failure to properly legalize and submit formal documents.

If we fail to maintain the patents and patent applications covering our intellectual property, we may not be able to stop a competitor from utilizing our Technology, which would have a material adverse effect on our business.

Page 37 of 90

We face risks related to our collection and use of data, disruptions or failures of our information technology systems or breaches of information security that could adversely affect our business and operations.

Our internal computer systems and those of our CROs and other contractors and consultants are vulnerable to damage from computer viruses, unauthorized CRO access, telecommunication and electrical failures, and natural disasters.

If such an event were to occur and cause interruptions in our operations, it could result in a material disruption of our R&D programs.

As part of our business model, we collect, retain, and transmit confidential information over public networks.

We have enterprise class and industry comparable security measures in place to protect both our physical facilities and digital systems from attacks.

Despite these efforts, however, we may be vulnerable to targeted or random personal data or security breaches, acts of vandalism, computer malware, misplaced or lost data, programming and/or human errors, or other similar events.

Awareness and sensitivity to personal data breaches and cyber security threats is at an all-time high.

Any misappropriation of confidential or personal information gathered, stored or used by us, be it intentional or accidental, could have a material impact on the operation of our business, including severely damaging our reputation and our relationships with our licensees, employees and investors.

We could also experience loss of revenues resulting from unauthorized use of proprietary information including our intellectual property.

If we are unable to hire and retain qualified personnel, we may not be able to implement our business plan successfully.

In developing DehydraTECH, we rely upon our employees, consultants, contractors, and collaborators.

Our ability to identify, attract, integrate, and retain additional qualified key personnel is critical to our success.

Competition for skilled research, product development, regulatory and technical personnel is intense, and we may not be able to recruit and retain the personnel we need.

Because we are a smaller reporting entity, the loss of any key personnel could result in more severe disruption to our operations than it would to a larger company, since of necessity each person in a small company carries relatively greater duties responsibilities than that person would in a larger company.

We may be subject to claims that our employees, consultants, or independent contractors have wrongfully used or disclosed alleged trade secrets.

We employ, and may employ in the future, individuals who were previously employed at other biotechnology or pharmaceutical companies, including our competitors or potential competitors which is common in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries.

Although we have policies that dissuade our employees, consultants and independent contractors in the use of any proprietary information or know-how of their previous employers in their employment with us, we could be subject to claims that the Company or our employees, consultants or independent contractors have inadvertently or otherwise used or disclosed trade secrets or other proprietary information of their former employers.

Litigation may be necessary to defend against these claims and the failure to defend against such claims, could result in the loss of valuable intellectual property rights or personnel in addition to suffering monetary damages.

Even if we are successful in defending against these claims, litigation could result in substantial costs and be a distraction to management and which could adversely impact our business.

Page 38 of 90

As a smaller reporting company, we have elected to adopt the accommodations for scaled-back disclosure in our SEC filings, resulting in less information about our Company being available compared to other public companies.

We are also a non-accelerated filer and are not required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Our internal controls over financial reporting will not receive the level of review provided by the process relating to the auditor attestation included in annual reports of issuers that are subject to these requirements.

We cannot predict if investors will find our common shares less attractive because we are not required to comply with more robust disclosure or the auditor attestation requirements.

If investors find our common shares less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our common shares and trading prices may be negatively affected.

Unresolved Staff Comments

Compared sentence by sentence after normalising whitespace, quotation marks, case and digits, so re-formatting and restated figures do not read as changed language. Wording changes appear as one removal and one addition. The current filing and the prior one are authoritative.

What changed 10-K

Item 1A. Risk Factors