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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

2022-05-13 compared with 2021-11-03 · 136 added, 198 removed, 68 unchanged (83% of the section changed)

2 unchanged sentences

The forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties.

Forward-looking statements are identified by words such as “anticipates”, “believes”, “expects”, “intends”, “may”, “can”, “will”, “places”, “estimates”, and other similar expressions.

Forward-looking statements are frequently identified by words such as “anticipates”, “believes”, “expects”, “intends”, “may”, “can”, “will”, “places”, “estimates”, and other similar expressions.

However, these words are not the only way we identify forward-looking statements.

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our costs and expenses, including capital expenditures;

our investment of surplus funds and sales of marketable debt securities ;

seasonality and demand;

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capital expenditures and the sufficiency of our capital resources;

our investment of surplus funds and sales of marketable debt securities;

unrecognized tax benefit and tax liabilities;

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including with respect to taxes;

our plans related to and the impact of current and future litigation and arbitration;

our sublease and the timing and income related thereto;

our shelf S-3 registration statement and our plans with respect thereto, including anticipated use of proceeds;

our plans and estimates related to and the impact of current and future litigation and arbitration;

our leases, sublease and the timing and income related thereto;

and our stock repurchase and equity distribution programs.

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Actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements, therefore we caution you not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements.

Important factors that could cause our actual results and financial condition to differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements include, among others, the following:

the effects of the COVID-19 global pandemic on us and our business, and on the business of our suppliers and customers;

unanticipated changes in the markets in which we operate;

the effects of the current macroeconomic climate (especially in light of the ongoing adverse effects of the COVID-19 global pandemic);

delay in or failure to achieve adoption of or commercial demand for our products or third party products incorporating our technologies;

the inability of Immersion to renew existing licensing arrangements, or enter into new licensing arrangements for our patents and other technologies on favorable terms;

the loss of a major customer;

the ability of Immersion to protect and enforce our intellectual property rights;

unanticipated difficulties and challenges in developing or acquiring successful innovations and our ability to patent those innovations;

changes in patent law;

confusion as to our licensing model or agreement terms;

the ability of Immersion to return to consistent profitability in the future;

the inability of Immersion to retain or recruit necessary personnel;

the commencement, by others or by us, of legal or administrative action;

risks related to our international operations and other factors.

Important factors that could cause our actual results and financial condition to differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements include, among others, the risk factors contained below under Part II, Item 1A, Risk Factors.

Any forward-looking statements made by us in this report speak only as of the date of this report, and we do not intend to update these forward-looking statements after the filing of this report, unless required to do so by applicable law.

You are urged to review carefully and consider our various disclosures in this report and in our other reports publicly disclosed or filed with the SEC that attempt to advise you of the risks and factors that may affect our business.

We are a premier licensing company focused on the creation, design, development, and licensing of innovative haptic technologies that allow people to use their sense of touch to engage with products and experience the digital world around them.

We are a premier licensing company focused on the invention, acceleration, and scaling, through licensing, of innovative haptic technologies that allow people to use their sense of touch to engage with products and experience the digital world around them.

We are one of the leading experts in haptics, and our focus on innovation allows us to deliver world-class intellectual property (“IP”) and technology that enables the creation of products that delight end users.

Our technologies are designed to facilitate the creation of high-quality haptic experiences, enable their widespread distribution, and ensure that their playback is optimized.

Our primary business is currently in the mobility, gaming, and automotive markets, but we believe our technology is broadly applicable and see opportunities in evolving new markets, including entertainment, social content, virtual and augmented reality, sexual wellness and wearables, as well as residential, commercial, and industrial Internet of Things.

Our primary business is currently in the mobility, gaming, and automotive markets, but we believe our technology is broadly applicable and see opportunities in evolving new markets, including entertainment, social content, virtual and augmented reality, and wearables, as well as residential, commercial, and industrial Internet of Things.

In recent years, we have seen a trend towards broad market adoption of haptic technology.

As other companies follow our leadership in recognizing how important tactile feedback can be in people’s digital lives, we expect the opportunity to license our IP and technologies will continue to expand.

We have adopted a business model under which we provide advanced tactile software, related tools and technical assistance designed to integrate our patented technology into our customers’ products or enhance the functionality of our patented technology, and offer licenses to our patented technology to our customers.

We have adopted a business model under which we provide technical assistance designed to integrate our patented technology into our customers’ products or enhance the functionality of our patented technology, and offer licenses to our patented technology to our customers.

Our licenses enable our customers to deploy haptically-enabled devices, content and other offerings, which they typically sell under their own brand names.

We and our wholly-owned subsidiaries hold more than 1,700 issued or pending patents worldwide as of September 30, 2021.

We and our wholly-owned subsidiaries hold more than 1,400 issued or pending patents worldwide as of March 31, 2022.

Our patents cover a wide range of digital technologies and ways in which touch-related technology can be incorporated into and between hardware products and components, systems software, application software, and digital content.

We believe that our IP is relevant to many of the most important and cutting-edge ways in which haptic technology is and can be deployed, including in connection with mobile interfaces and user interactions, in association with pressure and other sensing technologies, as part of video and interactive content offerings, as related to virtual and augmented reality experiences, and in connection with advanced actuation technologies and techniques.

We believe that IP protection is crucial to our business.

We rely on a combination of patents, copyrights, trade secrets, trademarks, nondisclosure agreements with employees and third parties, licensing arrangements, and other contractual agreements with third parties to protect our IP.

Parties licensed to our IP regard that act as an investment-one which is devalued when unlicensed parties use our IP.

Litigation against unlicensed third parties is a last step after all other avenues for resolution have been exhausted.

If unlicensed parties continue to ship products that use our IP without fairly remunerating us, litigation may be a proper step to protect our IP and assets, as well as inform existing licensees that we are protecting their investment.

As haptics gains wider acceptance in the market, the likelihood of unlicensed use of our IP increases.

This could result in ongoing dispute resolution and litigation efforts, as we seek to protect the investment that we and our valid licensees have made in our technology.

Our portfolio includes numerous patents and patent applications that we believe may become essential to emerging standards in

development by Standards Development Organizations (“SDOs”) including media standards in development by ISO/IEC Moving Picture Expert Group (MPEG) and software and system standards in development at IEEE-SA.

We were incorporated in 1993 in California and reincorporated in Delaware in 1999.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICES AND ESTIMATES

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S.

The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities.

On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and assumptions, including those related to revenue recognition, stock-based compensation, short-term investments, leases, income taxes and contingencies.

We base our estimates and assumptions on historical experience and on various other factors that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources.

Actual results may differ from these estimates and assumptions.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been uncertainty and disruption in the global economy and financial markets.

We are not aware of any specific event or circumstance that would require updates to our estimates or judgments or require us to revise the carrying value of our assets or liabilities as of November 3, 2021, the date of issuance of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

These estimates may change as new events occur and additional information is obtained.

Actual results could differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Please refer to Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contained in Part II, Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 filed with the SEC on March 5, 2021, for a complete discussion of our critical accounting policies and estimates.

Results of Operations

Total revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2021 was $7.2 million, a $0.4 million, or 6%, decrease compared to $7.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 primarily driven by a $0.5 million or 7%, decrease in per-unit royalty revenue.

Total revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was $25.3 million, an increase of $5.8 million, or 30%, compared to $19.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 primarily driven by a $5.2 million or 33%, increase in per-unit royalty revenue and a $0.5 million or 14% increase in license revenue.

Net income for the three months ended September 30, 2021 was $3.8 million, an increase of $0.9 million as compared to a net income of $2.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020.

The increase in net income was mainly attributable to a $1.5 million decrease in cost and operating expenses partially offset by a $0.4 million decrease in total revenue.

Net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was $11.1 million, an increase of $13.8 million as compared to a net loss of $2.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

The increase in net income was mainly attributable to a $5.8 million increase in total revenue and a $9.2 million decrease in cost and operating expenses.

The following table sets forth our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations data as a percentage of total revenue:

Total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was $7.3 million, an increase of $0.1 million, or 2%, compared to the same period in 2021.

Total cost and operating expenses were $3.7 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022, a decrease of $1.0 million, or 21% compared to the same period in 2021.

In the three months ended March 31, 2022, we had net income of $5.1 million, an increase of $3.0 million, or 149.3% compared to same period in 2021.

The following table sets forth our C ondensed Consolidated Statements of Income data as a percentage of total revenues:

Three Months Ended

September 30, Nine Months Ended

September 30,

2021 2020 2021 2020

Fixed fee license revenue 18 % 16 % 17 % 20 %

Per-Unit royalty revenue 75.0 % 81.0 %

Total royalty and license revenue 99 99 99 99

Development, services, and other revenue 1 1 1 1

Fixed fee license revenue 23.9 18.0

Royalty and license 99.0 99.0

Development, services, and other 1.1 1.0

Total revenues 100.0 100.0

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Total costs and expenses 51.0 65.0

Operating income (loss) 51 34 47 (16)

Interest and other income (loss), net 7 2 1 2

Income (loss) before benefit from (provision for) income taxes 58 36 48 (14)

Benefit from (provision for) income taxes (5) 1 (4) —

Net income (loss) 53 % 37 % 44 % (14) %

Operating income 49.0 35.0

Interest and other income 27.8 (5.0)

Income from operations before benefits from (provision for) income taxes 77.0 30.0

Provision for income taxes (7.7) (2.0)

Net income 69.0 % 28.0 %

Our revenue is primarily derived from fixed fee license agreements and per-unit royalty agreements, along with less significant revenue earned from development, services and other revenue.

Royalty and license revenue are composed of per-unit royalties earned based on usage or net sales by licensees and fixed payment license fees charged for our IP and software.

Three Months Ended September 30, 2021 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2020

A revenue summary for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 are as follows (in thousands, except for percentages):

Three Months Ended

September 30,

2021 2020 $ Change % Change

Fixed fee license revenue $ 1,247 $ 1,243 $ 4 —%

Per-unit royalty revenue 5,821 6,288 (467) (7)%

Total royalty and license revenue 7,068 7,531 (463) (6)%

Development, services, and other revenue 105 65 40 62%

Total revenues $ 7,173 $ 7,596 $ (423) (6)%

Royalty and license revenue — Royalty and license revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2021 decreased $0.5 million, or 6%, to $7.1 million from $7.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020.

Per-unit royalty revenue decreased by $0.5 million, or 7%, in the three months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020, primarily attributable to a $1.2 million decrease in royalty revenue from mobility licensees and a $0.1 million decrease in revenue from automotive licensees partially offset by a $0.9 million increase in royalties from gaming licensees.

Fixed fee license revenue was flat in the three months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the same period in 2020.

We expect royalty and license revenue to continue to be a major component of our future revenue as our technology is included in products and we succeed in our efforts to monetize our IP.

Our fixed fee license revenue could fluctuate depending upon the timing of execution of new fixed license fee arrangements.

We also anticipate that our royalty revenue will fluctuate relative to our customers’ unit shipments.

Development, services and other revenue — Development, services, and other revenue was $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the $65,000 the three months ended September 30, 2020.

Geographically, revenues generated in Asia, North America, and Europe for the three months ended September 30, 2021 represented 80%, 15%, and 5%, respectively, of our total revenue as compared to 77%, 14%, and 9%, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2020.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020

A revenue summary for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 are as follows (in thousands, except for percentages):

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

Royalty and license revenue is composed of per unit royalties earned based on usage or net sales by licensees and fixed payment license fees charged for our IP and software.

A revenue summary for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 are as follows (in thousands, except for percentages):

Three Months Ended March 31,

2022 2021 $ Change % Change

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Total revenues $ 7,308 $ 7,159 $ 149 2%

Royalty and license revenue — Royalty and license revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 increased $5.7 million, or 30%, to $25.0 million from $19.3 million to for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

Per-unit royalty revenue increased by $5.2 million, or 33%, in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020, primarily attributable to a $3.3 million increase in royalties from gaming licensees, a $1.1 million increase in royalty revenue from mobility licensees and a $0.9 million increase in revenue from automotive licensees.

Fixed fee license revenue increased $0.5 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the same period in 2020 primarily due to increased license revenue from automotive licensees.

Royalty and license revenue

Per-unit royalty revenue decreased by $0.3 million, or 5%, in the first quarter of 2022 compared to the same period in 2021, primarily caused by a $0.4 million decrease in royalties from mobility licensees and a $0.2 million decrease royalties from automotive licensees partially offset by a $0.3 million increase in royalties from our gaming licensees.

Fixed fee license revenue increased $0.5 million or 37% in in the first quarter of 2022 compared to the same period in 2021 due to a $0.5 million increase in gaming license revenue.

We expect royalty and license revenue to continue to be a major component of our future revenue as our technology is included in products and we succeed in our efforts to monetize our IP.

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We also anticipate that our royalty revenue will fluctuate relative to our customers’ unit shipments.

Development, services and other revenue — Development, services, and other revenue was $0.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the $0.2 million the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

Geographically, revenues generated in Asia, North America, and Europe for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 represented 80%, 13%, and 7%, respectively, of total revenue as compared to 78%, 15%, and 7%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

Geographically, revenues generated in Asia, North America and Europe for the three months ended March 31, 2022 represented 75%, 16%, and 9%, respectively, of our total revenue as compared to 74%, 19%, and 7%, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2021.

Operating Expenses

The following tables set forth a summary of our operating expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):

Three Months Ended

September 30,

2021 2020 Change % Change

Sales and marketing $ 443 $ 1,096 $ (653) (60)%

% of total revenue 6 % 14 %

Research and development $ 803 $ 920 $ (117) (13)%

% of total revenue 11 % 12 %

General and administrative $ 2,246 $ 2,963 $ (717) (24)%

% of total revenue 31 % 39 %

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

A summary of operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 are as follows (in thousands, except for percentages):

Three Months Ended March 31,

2022 2021 $ Change % Change

Sales and marketing $ 486 $ 1,106 $ (620) (56) %

% of total revenue 11 % 21 %

Research and development 509 1,307 (798) (61) %

% of total revenue 14 % 20 %

General and administrative 2,706 2,224 482 22 %

% of total revenue 28 % 74 %

Sales and Marketing - Our sales and marketing expenses primarily consisted of employee compensation and benefits, sales commissions, advertising, trade shows, collateral marketing materials, market development funds, travel, and allocated facilities costs.

Sales and marketing expenses decreased $0.7 million, or 60%, in three months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to three months ended September 30, 2020 primarily attributable to a $0.6 million decrease in compensation, benefits and other personnel related costs.

Sales and marketing expenses decreased $1.3 million, or 33%, in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the same period in 2020 primarily attributable to a $0.4 million decrease in compensation, benefits and other personnel related costs;

a $0.3 million decrease in facilities related costs;

a $0.3 million decrease in depreciation expense and a $0.3 million decrease in advertising and travel costs.

The decrease in compensation, benefits and other personnel related costs primarily attributable to lower headcount in three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the same periods in 2020.

The decrease in depreciation expense in the first nine months of 2021 compared to the same period in 2020 was largely due to the accelerated depreciation in the first quarter of 2020 resulting from the shortening in estimated useful life of the leasehold improvements of the San Jose, California ("SJ Facility") to March 31, 2020 following our decision to exit this facility.

The decrease in facilities expenses during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the same period in 2020 was largely attributable to lower rent expense following the sublease of the SJ Facility in the second quarter of 2020.

The decrease in advertising and travel related costs in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the same period in 2020 was primarily due to reduced business activities and travel restrictions during COVID 19 pandemic.

Research and Development — Our research and development expenses are comprised of employee compensation and benefits, outside services and consulting fees, tooling and supplies, and an allocation of facilities costs.

Research and development expenses decreased $0.1 million or 13% for the three months ended September 30, 2021 compared to three months ended September 30, 2020 primarily attributable to a $0.1 million decrease in compensation, benefits and other personnel related costs due to lower stock-based compensation expense.

Research and development expenses decreased $0.5 million, or 12%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the same period in 2020.

This decrease was primarily due to a $0.2 million decrease in consulting and outside services, a $0.2 million decrease in facilities related costs and a $0.2 million decrease in depreciation expense partially offset by a $0.2 million increase compensation, benefits and other personnel related costs.

The decrease in consulting and outside services cost in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the same period in 2020 was largely due to lower consultant headcount.

The decrease facilities and depreciation expenses in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the same period in 2020 was driven by factors discussed above.

The increase in compensation, benefits and other personnel related costs in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the same period in 2020 was primarily due to an increase in severance costs.

We believe that continued investment in research and development is critical to our future success, and we expect to continue making targeted investments in areas of research and technology development to support future growth in key markets.

General and Administrative — Our general and administrative expenses primarily consisted of employee compensation and benefits, legal and professional fees, external legal costs for patents, office supplies, travel, and allocated facilities costs.

General and administrative expenses decreased $0.7 million, or 24%, in the three months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the same period in 2020 primarily due to a $0.9 million decrease in compensation, benefits and other personnel related costs partially offset by a $0.3 million increase in professional services and outside services fees.

The decrease in compensation, benefits and other personnel related costs due to lower general and administration headcount and a decrease in stock-based compensation costs.

General and administrative expenses decreased $7.3 million, or 51%, in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the same period in 2020 primarily due to a $3.2 million decrease in compensation, benefits and other personnel related costs, a $1.8 million decrease in legal costs, a $1.0 million decrease in consulting and professional services fees, a $0.5 million decrease in depreciation expense and a $0.4 million decrease in facilities costs.

The decrease in compensation, benefits and other personnel related costs was primarily due to reduced headcount and lower salaries driven by the transition of our Accounting, Human Resources, Finance and IT functions from San Jose, California to Montreal, Canada and lower stock-based compensation expense.

Sales and Marketing - Our sales and marketing expenses primarily consisted of employee compensation and benefits, including stock-based compensation;

sales commissions;

advertising and trade shows;

collateral marketing materials;

market development funds;

and allocated facilities costs.

Sales and marketing expenses decreased $0.6 million, or 56%, in the first quarter of 2022 as compared to the same period in 2021 primarily due to a $0.5 million decrease in compensation, benefits and other personnel related costs largely attributable to lower headcount and a decrease in stock-based compensation expense.

Research and Development - Our research and development expenses primarily consisted of employee compensation and benefits, including stock-based compensation;

outside services and consulting fees;

tooling and supplies;

and allocated facilities costs.

Research and development expenses decreased $0.8 million, or 61%, in the first quarter of 2022 compared to the same period in 2021 primarily due to a $0.7 million decrease in compensation, benefits and other personnel related costs largely attributable to lower headcount and a decrease in stock-based compensation expense.

General and Administrative - Our general and administrative expenses primarily consisted of employee compensation and benefits including stock-based compensation;

legal other professional fees;

external legal costs for patents;

office expense;

and allocated facilities costs.

General and administrative expenses increased $0.5 million, or 22%, in the first quarter of 2022 as compared to the first quarter of 2021 primarily due to a $0.8 million increase in compensation, benefits and other personnel related costs in compensation, benefits and other personnel related costs partially offset by a $0.3 million decrease in legal costs and a $0.1 million decrease due to the non-recurrence of contract termination costs recorded in first quarter of 2021.

The increase in compensation, benefits and other personnel related costs was primarily due to an increase in stock-based compensation expense in the first quarter of 2022 compared to the same period in 2021.

The decrease in legal expense was primarily attributable to reduced activities, as well as a decrease in patent maintenance and prosecution costs.

The decrease in consulting and professional services fees was due to decreases in accounting and audit fees and consulting and other professional fees in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the same period in 2020.

The decrease in depreciation expense and facilities costs were primarily driven by the factors discussed above.

While we currently expect our general and administrative expenses to remain stable or decrease in the near future as we achieve targeted reductions in consulting and professional services, headcount, and other costs, we may be required to engage in litigation to protect our IP, in which case our general and administrative expenses could substantially increase to reflect such litigation costs.

INTEREST AND OTHER INCOME (LOSS), NET

Interest and Other Income (Loss), Net — Interest and other income (loss), net consists of interest income from cash equivalents and short-term investments, translation exchange rate gains (losses) and other income.

Interest and other income (loss) for the three months ended September 30, 2021 decreased $0.3 million compared to the same period in 2020 primarily due to a $0.5 million increase in unrealized gain on equity marketable securities, a $0.3 million increase in interest income partially offset by a $0.5 million increase in unrealized foreign currency translation loss.

Interest and other income (loss) for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 decreased $0.2 million compared to the same period in 2020 primarily due to a $0.5 million increase in unrealized foreign currency translation loss, a $0.3 million increase in other income partially offset by a $0.5 million increase in unrealized gains on equity marketable security.

The increase of unrealized gains on equity marketable securities was largely attributable in unrealized gains on equity

marketable security we invested in the third quarter of 2021.The increase in unrealized foreign currency translation loss was attributable to the depreciation of South Korean Won against the U.S.

The increase in interest income is primarily due to an increase in cash and cash equivalents balances and higher effective interest rates in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the same periods in 2020.

The following table sets forth a summary of our provision for income taxes for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands except for percentages):

Three Months Ended

September 30,

2021 2020 Change % Change

Income before benefit from (provision for) income taxes $ 4,111 $ 2,759

Benefit from (provision for) income taxes (340) 96 $ (436) NM 1

Effective tax rates (8.3) % 3.5 %

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

We may be required to engage in litigation to protect our IP, in which case our general and administrative expenses could substantially increase reflecting such litigation costs.

Interest and Other Income (Loss)

Interest and Other Income (loss) - Interest and other income consists primarily of interest income from cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments.

Interest and other income (loss) increased $2.4 million during the first quarter of 2022 compared to the first quarter of 2021 primarily driven by a $1.4 million increase in interest and dividend income, a $0.7 million increase in net gains on investments and a $0.2 million increase in foreign currency transaction and translation gains.

The increase in interest and dividend income in the first quarter of 2022 compared to the same period in 2021 primarily was due to higher interest and dividend income from investments as well as interest income from a Korean tax litigation settlement.

The increase in net gains on investments primarily consisted of $2.1 million increase in net unrealized gains on equity investments, a $1.0 million increase in net realized gains on equity investments and a $0.4 million increase in net realized gains on investment in corporate bonds.

These increases were partially offset by a $2.7 million in net unrealized losses on derivative instruments.

Provision For Income Taxes

A summary of provision for income taxes and effective tax rates for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 are as follows (in thousands):

Three Months Ended March 31,

2022 2021 $ Change % Change

Income (loss) before benefit from (provision for) income taxes 12,135 (2,688)

Benefit from (provision for) income taxes (987) 3 (990) NM 1

Effective tax rates (8.1) % (0.1) %

(1) Not meaningful.

Provision for income tax for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 resulted primarily from estimated foreign taxes included in the calculation of the effective tax rate.

We continue to carry a full valuation allowance on our U.S.

federal and State as well as Canada federal deferred tax assets.

The effective tax rate is lower than the statutory tax rate primarily due to the benefit recorded on deferred tax assets utilized in the current year for federal and state jurisdictions.

Income before provision for income taxes $ 5,637 $ 2,177

Provision for income taxes 561 141 (420) 298 %

Effective tax rate 10.0 % 6.5 %

Provision for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 resulted primarily from estimated foreign taxes included in the calculation of the effective tax rate.

We continue to maintain a full valuation allowance against all of our federal and state deferred tax assets in the United States as well as federal tax assets in Canada.

As a result, no benefit for losses generated from our U.S.

territory was included in the calculation of the effective tax rate, which was the main reason for the difference between the statutory tax rate and actual effective tax rate.

The year-over-year change in provision for income taxes resulted primarily from the change in income from continuing operations across various tax jurisdictions.

We continue to maintain a valuation allowance of $28.5 million against certain of our deferred tax assets, including all federal, state, and certain foreign deferred tax assets as a result of uncertainties regarding the realization of the asset balance due to historical losses, the variability of operating results, and uncertainty regarding near term projected results.

We continue to maintain a valuation allowance of $27.3 million against certain of our deferred tax assets, including all federal, state and certain foreign deferred tax assets in the United States and Canada as a result of uncertainties regarding the realization of the asset balance due to historical losses, the variability of operating results, and uncertainty regarding near term projected results.

In the event that we determine the deferred tax assets are realizable based on an assessment of relevant factors, an adjustment to the valuation allowance may increase income in the period such determination is made.

The valuation allowance does not impact our ability to utilize any underlying net operating loss carryforwards.

The valuation allowance does not impact our ability to utilize the underlying net operating loss carryforwards.

We also maintain liabilities for uncertain tax positions.

As of September 30, 2021, we had unrecognized tax benefits under ASC 740 of approximately $4.3 million and applicable interest of $0.

The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits that would affect our effective tax rate, if recognized, is $0.

As of March 31, 2022, we had unrecognized tax benefits under ASC 740 Income Taxes of approximately $6.3 million and applicable interest of $0.1 million.

The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits that would affect our effective tax rate, if recognized, is $1.3 million.

We account for interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as a component of income tax provision.

We do not expect to have any significant changes to unrecognized tax benefits during the next twelve months.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments consist primarily of cash, money market funds and short-term investments in equity securities.

The marketable equity securities are measured at fair value with gains and losses recognized in Interest and other income (loss), net on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

On September 30, 2021, our cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments totaled $118.6 million, an increase of $59.1 million from $59.5 million on December 31, 2020.

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

2021 2020 Change % Change

Net cash provided by ( used in) operating activities $ 10,722 $ (2,988) $ 13,710 NM 1

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities $ (32,775) $ 2,960 $ (35,735) NM 1

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities $ 53,132 $ (30,489) $ 83,621 NM 1

(1) Not meaningful.

Operating Activities

Cash provided by (used in) operating activities primarily consists of net income (loss), adjusted for certain non-cash items including depreciation and amortization;

stock-based compensation expense and the effect of changes in operating assets and liabilities.

Net cash provided by operating activities was $10.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2021, a $13.7 million increase compared the same period in 2020.

This increase in net cash provided by operating activities was primarily attributable to a $13.8 million increase in net income and $2.1 million increase in cash provided by changes in net operating assets partially offset by a $1.8 million decrease from noncash items.

Investing Activities

Our investing activities primarily consist of purchases of and proceeds from maturities of short-term investments, purchases of marketable securities, proceeds from sale of derivative instruments and purchases of computer equipment, furniture and leasehold improvements related to facilities expansion.

Net cash used in investing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was $32.8 million consisting of $34.4 million of purchases of marketable securities partially offset by $1.8 million of proceeds from sale of derivative instruments.

Net cash provided by investing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was $3.0 million primarily consisting of $3.0 million proceeds from maturities of short-term investments.

Financing Activities

Our financing activities primarily consist of cash from issuance of common stock, proceeds from stock option exercises and stock purchases under our employee stock purchase plan and cash paid for repurchases of our common stock.

Net cash provided by financing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was $53.1 million primarily consisting of $50.1 million net proceeds from common stock issuances and $2.9 million proceeds from stock option exercises.

Net cash used in financing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was $30.5 million, and primarily consisted of $30.6 million in cash paid for stock repurchases.

Our total cash and cash equivalents were $90.6 million as of September 30, 2021, of which approximately 16%, or $14.5 million was held by our foreign subsidiaries and subject to repatriation tax effects.

Our intent is to permanently reinvest all of our earnings from foreign operations, and current plans do not anticipate that we will need funds generated from foreign operations to fund our domestic operations.

Our cash equivalents and marketable equity securities consist primarily of money-market funds, investment in equity marketable securities (including mutual funds).

All marketable equity securities are stated at market value.

Realized gains and losses on marketable equity securities and marketable debt securities are recorded in Other income (expense), net on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Other Comprehensive Income.

Unrealized gains and losses on marketable equity securities (including mutual funds) are reported as Other income (expense), net on our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income and Other Comprehensive Income.

Unrealized gains and losses on marketable debt securities reported as a component of Accumulated other comprehensive income on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets .

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments

As of March 31, 2022, our cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments totaled $146.5 million, an increase of $8.6 million from $137.9 million on December 31, 2021.

A summary of select cash flow information for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):

Three Months Ended

Net cash provided by operating activities $ 11,038 $ 4,410

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities $ 4,833 $ (57)

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities $ (4,403) $ 38,749

Cash provided by operating activities - Our operating activities primarily consists of net income adjusted for certain non-cash items including depreciation and amortization;

stock-based compensation expense, deferred income taxes and the effect of changes in operating assets and liabilities.

Net cash provided by operating activities was $11.0 million in the first quarter of 2022, a $6.6 million increase compared to the same period in 2021.

This cash increase was primarily attributable to a $3.0 million increase in net income and a $3.9 million increase due to changes in net operating assets and liabilities partially offset by a $0.3 million decrease resulting from changes in non-cash items.

Cash provided by (used in) investing activities - Our investing activities primarily consist of purchases of marketable securities and other investments and proceeds from disposal of marketable securities and other investments;

proceeds from issuance of derivative instruments;

payments made to settle derivative instruments and purchases of computer equipment, furniture and leasehold improvements.

Net cash provided by investing activities during the first quarter of 2022 was $4.8 million primarily consisting of $46.7 million in proceeds from selling marketable securities and derivative instruments partially offset by $41.9 million in cash used to purchase marketable securities and in the settlement of derivative instruments.

Net cash used in investing activities during the first quarter of 2021 was $0.1 million consisting of property and equipment purchases.

Cash provided by (used in) financing activities — Our financing activities primarily consist of cash proceeds from issuance of common stock, proceeds from stock option exercises and stock purchases under our employee stock purchase plan and cash paid for repurchases of our common stock.

Net cash used by financing activities during the first quarter of 2022 was $4.4 million primarily consisting of cash paid for stock repurchases.

Net cash provided by financing activities during the first quarter of 2021 was $38.7 million primarily consisting of $35.9 million of net proceeds from common stock issuances and $2.8 million cash proceeds from stock option exercises and stock purchases under our employee stock purchase plan.

Total cash, cash equivalents, and marketable equity securities were $146.5 million as of March 31, 2022 of which approximately 32%, or $46.4 million, was held by our foreign subsidiaries and subject to repatriation tax effects.

Our intent is to permanently reinvest a majority of our earnings from foreign operations, and current plans do not anticipate that we will need funds generated from foreign operations to fund our domestic operations.

We may continue to invest in, protect, and defend our extensive IP portfolio, which can result in the use of cash in the event of litigation.

During the third quarter of 2021, we sold 1.9 million shares of our common stock pursuant to the July 2021 Distribution Agreement and we received net proceeds of approximately $14.2 million from the offering after deducting commissions and other estimated offering expense.

On February 3, 2021, we filed a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 with the Securities and Exchange Commission which provided us with the flexibility to raise up to $250 million of capital.

We intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of the securities offered by this prospectus for working capital and other general corporate purposes, and we may use a portion of any net proceeds for investment in complementary businesses or alternative currencies.

On February 11, 2021, we entered into an equity distribution agreement (the "February 2021 Distribution Agreement") with Craig-Hallum to issue and sell shares of our common stock having an aggregated offering price of up to $50 million.

Under the terms of the February 2021 Distribution Agreement, we were obligated to pay a 2.25% commission on the gross sales proceeds from common stock sold and customary indemnification rights and the reimbursement of legal fees and disbursements.

During the first quarter of 2021, we sold 3.3 million shares of our common stock pursuant to the February 2021 Distribution Agreement and we received net proceeds of $35.9 million from the offering net of $1.2 million of commissions and other offering costs.

We terminated the February 2021 Distribution Agreement on March 5, 2021.

On July 6, 2021, we entered into an equity distribution agreement (the "July 2021 Distribution Agreement") with Craig-Hallum Capital Group LLC (“Craig-Hallum”), as sales agent, to issue and sell shares of our common stock having an aggregated offering price of up to $60 million.

Under the July 2021 Distribution Agreement, we will set the parameters for the sale of shares, including the number of shares to be issued, the time period during which sales are requested to be made, limitations on the number of shares that may be sold in any one trading day and any minimum price below which sales may not be made.

Subject to the terms and conditions of the July 2021 Distribution Agreement, Craig-Hallum may sell the shares by methods deemed to be an “at the market offering” as defined in Rule 415(a)(4) promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, including sales made through the Nasdaq Global Select Market or on any other existing trading market for the common stock.

We are obligated to pay 2.25% commission on the gross sales proceeds from common stock sold and customary indemnification rights and the reimbursement of legal fees and disbursements.

The July 2021 Distribution Agreement may be terminated by either party upon prior written notice to the other party, or at any time under certain circumstances, including but not limited to the occurrence of a material adverse change in Immersion.

We are not obligated to sell any shares under the July 2021 Distribution Agreement .

We anticipate that capital expenditures for property and equipment for the year ending December 31, 2021will be less than $1 million.

While the unprecedented public health and governmental efforts to contain the spread of COVID-19 have created significant uncertainty as to general economic and capital market conditions for 2021 and beyond, as of November 3, 2021, the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we believe we have sufficient capital resources to meet our working capital needs for the next twelve months.

Cash from operations could also be affected by various risks and uncertainties, including but not limited to the risks detailed in Part II, Item 1A Risk Factors.

On February 23, 2022, our Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program of up to $30 million of our common stock for a period of up to twelve months.

Any stock repurchases may be made through open market and privately negotiated transactions, at such times and in such amounts as management deems appropriate, including pursuant to one or more Rule 10b5-1 trading plans adopted in accordance with Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

Additionally, the Board authorized the use of any derivative or similar instrument to effect stock repurchase transactions, including without limitation, accelerated share repurchase contracts, equity forward transactions, equity option transactions, equity swap transactions, cap transactions, collar transactions, naked put options, floor transactions or other similar transactions or any combination of the

foregoing transactions.

The stock repurchase program was implemented as a method to return value to our stockholders.

The timing, pricing and sizes of any repurchases will depend on a number of factors, including the market price of our common stock and general market and economic conditions.

The stock repurchase program does not obligate us to repurchase any dollar amount or number of shares, and the program may be suspended or discontinued at any time.

In the first quarter of 2022, we repurchased approximately 34,282 shares of our common stock for $0.2 million at an average cost of $4.89 per share.

As of March 31, 2022, we have $29.8 million available for repurchase under the stock repurchase program.

At March 31, 2022, we had a liability for unrecognized tax benefits totaling $0.3 million, none of which could be payable in cash.

We did not have any other significant non-cancellable purchase commitments as of March 31, 2022.

We anticipate that capital expenditures for property and equipment for the remainder of 2022 will be less than $1.0 million.

While the unprecedented public health and governmental efforts to contain the spread of COVID-19 have created significant uncertainty as to general economic and capital market conditions in 2022 and beyond, as of May 13, 2022, the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we believe we have sufficient capital resources to meet our working capital needs for the next twelve months and beyond.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S.

On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and assumptions, including those related to revenue recognition, marketable securities and derivative instruments, income taxes and contingencies.

Actual results may differ from these estimates and assumptions.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been uncertainty and disruption in the global economy and financial markets.

We are not aware of any specific event or circumstance that would require updates to our estimates or judgments or require us to revise the carrying value of our assets or liabilities as of May 13, 2022 the date of issuance of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

These estimates may change as new events occur and additional information is obtained.

Actual results could differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Please refer to Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contained in Part II, Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 filed with the SEC on February 25, 2022, for a complete discussion of our critical accounting policies and estimates.

The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S.

generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and operating results require the management to make judgments, assumptions and estimates that affect the amounts reported.

Significant Accounting Policies of the N otes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 herein, which describes the significant accounting policies and methods used in the preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Significant Accounting Policies of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for information regarding the effect of new accounting pronouncements on our financial statements.

See Note 1 Significant Accounting Policies of the N otes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for information regarding the effect of new accounting pronouncements on our financial statements.

Control and Procedures

Based on their evaluation as of March 31, 2022, our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) were effective to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by us in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q was (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and regulations and (ii) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

There were no changes to internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2022 that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal controls over financial reporting.

Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal controls over financial reporting will prevent all error and all fraud.

A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute assurance that the objectives of the control system are met.

Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs.

Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within Immersion, have been detected.

Compared sentence by sentence after normalising whitespace, quotation marks, case and digits, so re-formatting and restated figures do not read as changed language. Wording changes appear as one removal and one addition. The current filing and the prior one are authoritative.

What changed 10-Q

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis