HURCO COMPANIES INC 10-K

Item 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA ​ ​ Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Hurco Companies, Inc. Opinion on the Financial Statements We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Hurco Companies, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the Company) as of October 31, 2020 and 2019, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), changes in shareholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended October 31, 2020, and the related notes and schedule listed in Item 15(a) (collectively, the financial statements). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of October 31, 2020 and 2019, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended October 31, 2020, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of October 31, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in 2013, and our report dated January 8, 2021 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Basis for Opinion These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. ​ ​ ​ /s/ RSM US LLP We have served as the Company's auditor since 2017. Indianapolis, Indiana January 8, 2021 ​ ​ 43 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Hurco Companies, Inc. Opinion on the Internal Control Over Financial Reporting We have audited Hurco Companies, Inc.'s (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of October 31, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in 2013. In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of October 31, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in 2013. We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of October 31, 2020 and 2019, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), changes in shareholders’ equity and cash flows, for each of the three years in the period ended October 31, 2020, and the related notes and schedule listed in Item 15(a) of the Company, and our report dated January 8, 2021 expressed an unqualified opinion. Basis for Opinion The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. ​ ​ ​ /s/ RSM US LLP Indianapolis, Indiana January 8, 2021 ​ ​ 44 ​ HURCO COMPANIES, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Year Ended October 31, ​ ​ 2020 2019 2018 ​ ​ (In thousands, except per share amounts) Sales and service fees ​ $ 170,627 ​ $ 263,377 ​ $ 300,671 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Cost of sales and service ​ 134,170 ​ 186,169 ​ 208,865 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Gross profit ​ 36,457 ​ 77,208 ​ 91,806 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Selling, general and administrative expenses ​ 41,416 ​ 54,668 ​ 58,010 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Goodwill impairment ​ 4,903 ​ — ​ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Operating income (loss) ​ ( 9,862 ) ​ 22,540 ​ 33,796 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Interest expense ​ 94 ​ 62 ​ 100 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Interest income ​ 130 ​ 462 ​ 189 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Investment income ​ 133 ​ 356 ​ 339 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Income from equity investments ​ 69 ​ 583 ​ 639 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Other expense, net ​ 1,179 ​ 555 ​ 2,367 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Income (loss) before income taxes ​ ( 10,803 ) ​ ​ 23,324 ​ ​ 32,496 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Provision (benefit) for income taxes ​ ( 4,556 ) ​ 5,829 ​ 11,006 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Net income (loss) ​ $ ( 6,247 ) ​ $ 17,495 ​ $ 21,490 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Income (loss) per common share – basic ​ $ ( 0.93 ) ​ $ 2.57 ​ $ 3.19 Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic ​ 6,670 ​ 6,759 ​ 6,700 Income (loss) per common share – diluted ​ $ ( 0.93 ) ​ $ 2.55 ​ $ 3.15 Weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted ​ 6,670 ​ 6,815 ​ 6,771 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Dividends paid per share ​ $ 0.51 ​ $ 0.47 ​ $ 0.43 ​ The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. ​ 45 HURCO COMPANIES, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Year Ended October 31, ​ 2020 2019 2018 ​ ​ (In thousands) Net income (loss) ​ $ ( 6,247 ) ​ $ 17,495 ​ $ 21,490 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Other comprehensive income (loss): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Translation gain (loss) of foreign currency financial statements ​ 5,969 ​ 550 ​ ( 3,183 ) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ (Gain) / loss on derivative instruments reclassified into operations, net of tax of $( 126 ), $( 70 ) and $ 453 , respectively ​ ( 421 ) ​ ( 235 ) ​ 1,355 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Gain / (loss) on derivative instruments, net of tax of $ 118 , $ 183 and $ 52 , respectively ​ 395 ​ 615 ​ 155 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Total other comprehensive income (loss) ​ 5,943 ​ 930 ​ ( 1,673 ) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Comprehensive income (loss) ​ $ ( 304 ) ​ $ 18,425 ​ $ 19,817 ​ The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. ​ 46 HURCO COMPANIES, INC. CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ As of October 31, ​ 2020 2019 ​ ​ (In thousands, except share ​ ​ and per share data) ASSETS ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Current assets: ​ ​ ​ Cash and cash equivalents ​ $ 57,859 ​ $ 56,943 Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $ 1,401 in 2020 and $ 891 in 2019 ​ 27,686 ​ 43,279 Inventories, net ​ 149,864 ​ 148,851 Derivative assets ​ 968 ​ 1,391 Prepaid assets ​ 13,803 ​ 9,414 Other ​ 1,231 ​ 1,983 Total current assets ​ 251,411 ​ 261,861 Property and equipment: ​ ​ ​ ​ Land ​ 868 ​ 868 Building ​ 7,352 ​ 7,352 Machinery and equipment ​ 29,195 ​ 28,846 Leasehold improvements ​ 4,754 ​ 4,902 ​ ​ 42,169 ​ 41,968 Less accumulated depreciation and amortization ​ ( 30,248 ) ​ ( 28,055 ) Total property and equipment, net ​ 11,921 ​ 13,913 Non–current assets: ​ ​ ​ ​ Software development costs, less accumulated amortization ​ 7,840 ​ 8,318 Goodwill ​ — ​ 5,847 Intangible assets, net ​ 1,846 ​ 1,096 Operating lease - right of use assets, net ​ ​ 11,748 ​ ​ — Deferred income taxes ​ 2,479 ​ 1,846 Investments and other assets, net ​ 8,410 ​ 8,184 Total non–current assets ​ 32,323 ​ 25,291 Total assets ​ $ 295,655 ​ $ 301,065 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY ​ ​ ​ ​ Current liabilities: ​ ​ ​ ​ Accounts payable ​ $ 31,710 ​ $ 33,031 Accounts payable–related parties ​ 1,289 ​ 938 Derivative liabilities ​ ​ 872 ​ ​ 388 Operating lease liabilities ​ ​ 4,132 ​ ​ — Accrued payroll and employee benefits ​ 6,209 ​ 11,564 Accrued income taxes ​ 285 ​ 1,936 Accrued expenses ​ 4,740 ​ 5,015 Accrued warranty expenses ​ 1,200 ​ 1,760 Total current liabilities ​ 50,437 ​ 54,632 Non–current liabilities: ​ ​ ​ ​ Deferred income taxes ​ 131 ​ 160 Accrued tax liability ​ ​ 1,918 ​ ​ 2,036 Operating lease liabilities ​ ​ 7,989 ​ ​ — Deferred credits and other ​ 4,032 ​ 3,992 Total non–current liabilities ​ 14,070 ​ 6,188 Shareholders’ equity: ​ ​ ​ ​ Preferred stock: no par value per share, 1,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued ​ — ​ — Common stock: no par value, $ .10 stated value per share, 12,500,000 shares authorized 6,636,906 and 6,967,719 shares issued; and 6,565,163 and 6,767,237 shares outstanding, as of October 31, 2020 and October 31, 2019, respectively ​ 657 ​ 677 Additional paid-in capital ​ 60,997 ​ 66,350 Retained earnings ​ 172,484 ​ 182,151 Accumulated other comprehensive loss ​ ( 2,990 ) ​ ( 8,933 ) Total shareholders’ equity ​ 231,148 ​ 240,245 Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity ​ $ 295,655 ​ $ 301,065 ​ The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. ​ 47 HURCO COMPANIES, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Year Ended October 31, ​ 2020 2019 2018 ​ ​ (In thousands) Cash flows from operating activities: ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Net income (loss) ​ $ ( 6,247 ) ​ $ 17,495 ​ $ 21,490 Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used for) operating activities, net of acquisitions: ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Provision for doubtful accounts ​ 510 ​ ​ ( 136 ) ​ ​ 388 Deferred income taxes ​ ( 547 ) ​ ​ 260 ​ ​ ( 530 ) Equity in income of affiliates ​ ( 69 ) ​ ​ ( 583 ) ​ ​ ( 639 ) Foreign currency (gain) loss ​ ​ 257 ​ ​ 730 ​ ​ 755 Unrealized (gain) loss on derivatives ​ 622 ​ ​ ( 388 ) ​ ​ 456 Depreciation and amortization ​ 4,547 ​ ​ 3,745 ​ ​ 3,713 Stock–based compensation ​ 2,058 ​ ​ 2,670 ​ ​ 2,504 Goodwill impairment charge ​ 4,903 ​ ​ — ​ ​ — Change in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions: ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ (Increase) decrease in accounts receivable ​ 15,909 ​ ​ 11,239 ​ ​ ( 5,148 ) (Increase) decrease in inventories ​ 3,461 ​ ​ ( 10,499 ) ​ ​ ( 20,386 ) (Increase) decrease in prepaid expenses ​ ( 4,364 ) ​ ​ ( 1,474 ) ​ ​ 710 Increase (decrease) in accounts payable ​ ( 2,556 ) ​ ​ ( 23,780 ) ​ ​ 10,788 Increase (decrease) in accrued expenses ​ ( 6,544 ) ​ ​ ( 2,354 ) ​ ​ 3,090 Increase (decrease) in accrued income tax ​ ​ ( 1,695 ) ​ ​ ( 3,259 ) ​ ​ 2,934 Increase (decrease) in accrued tax liability ​ ( 119 ) ​ ​ ( 157 ) ​ ​ 2,061 Net change in operating lease assets and liabilities ​ ​ 370 ​ ​ — ​ ​ — Net change in derivative assets and liabilities ​ 115 ​ ​ 330 ​ ​ ( 1,178 ) Other ​ 321 ​ ​ ( 252 ) ​ ​ 4 Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities ​ 10,932 ​ ​ ( 6,413 ) ​ ​ 21,012 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Cash flows from investing activities: ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Proceeds from sale of property and equipment ​ 106 ​ ​ 83 ​ ​ 180 Purchase of property and equipment ​ ( 683 ) ​ ​ ( 3,169 ) ​ ​ ( 3,537 ) Software development costs ​ ( 973 ) ​ ​ ( 1,701 ) ​ ​ ( 2,326 ) Other investments ​ 371 ​ ​ 243 ​ ​ 233 Acquisition of business ​ — ​ ​ ( 4,353 ) ​ ​ ( 1,156 ) Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities ​ ( 1,179 ) ​ ​ ( 8,897 ) ​ ​ ( 6,606 ) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Cash flows from financing activities: ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Proceeds from exercise of common stock options ​ ​ 67 ​ ​ — ​ ​ 847 Dividends paid ​ ( 3,420 ) ​ ​ ( 3,203 ) ​ ​ ( 2,898 ) Taxes paid related to net settlement of restricted shares ​ ( 498 ) ​ ​ ( 499 ) ​ ​ ( 502 ) Stock repurchases ​ ​ ( 7,000 ) ​ ​ — ​ ​ — Repayment of short-term debt ​ ​ — ​ ​ ( 1,450 ) ​ ​ — Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities ​ ( 10,851 ) ​ ​ ( 5,152 ) ​ ​ ( 2,553 ) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents ​ 2,014 ​ ​ 235 ​ ​ ( 990 ) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents ​ 916 ​ ​ ( 20,227 ) ​ ​ 10,863 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year ​ 56,943 ​ ​ 77,170 ​ ​ 66,307 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Cash and cash equivalents at end of year ​ $ 57,859 ​ $ 56,943 ​ $ 77,170 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Supplemental disclosures: ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Cash paid for: ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Interest ​ $ — ​ $ 11 ​ $ 64 Income taxes, net ​ $ 487 ​ $ 11,025 ​ $ 6,172 ​ The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. ​ ​ 48 HURCO COMPANIES, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Common ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Accumulated ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Stock ​ Common ​ Additional ​ ​ ​ ​ Other ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Shares ​ Stock ​ Paid–In ​ Retained ​ Comprehensive ​ ​ ​ (In thousands, except shares outstanding) Outstanding Amount Capital Earnings Loss Total Balances, October 31, 2017 ​ 6,641,197 ​ $ 664 ​ $ 61,344 ​ $ 149,267 ​ $ ( 8,190 ) ​ $ 203,085 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Net income (loss) ​ — ​ ​ — ​ ​ — ​ ​ 21,490 ​ — ​ ​ 21,490 Other comprehensive income (loss) ​ — ​ ​ — ​ ​ — ​ ​ — ​ ( 1,673 ) ​ ​ ( 1,673 ) Exercise of common stock options ​ 41,680 ​ ​ 4 ​ ​ 843 ​ ​ — ​ — ​ ​ 847 Stock–based compensation expense, net of taxes withheld for vested restricted shares ​ 40,283 ​ ​ 4 ​ ​ 1,998 ​ ​ — ​ — ​ ​ 2,002 Dividends paid ​ — ​ ​ — ​ ​ — ​ ​ ( 2,898 ) ​ — ​ ​ ( 2,898 ) Balances, October 31, 2018 ​ 6,723,160 ​ $ 672 ​ $ 64,185 ​ $ 167,859 ​ $ ( 9,863 ) ​ $ 222,853 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Net income (loss) ​ — ​ ​ — ​ ​ — ​ ​ 17,495 ​ — ​ ​ 17,495 Other comprehensive income (loss) ​ — ​ ​ — ​ ​ — ​ ​ — ​ 930 ​ ​ 930 Stock–based compensation expense, net of taxes withheld for vested restricted shares ​ 44,077 ​ ​ 5 ​ ​ 2,165 ​ ​ — ​ — ​ ​ 2,170 Dividends paid ​ — ​ ​ — ​ ​ — ​ ​ ( 3,203 ) ​ — ​ ​ ( 3,203 ) Balances, October 31, 2019 ​ 6,767,237 ​ $ 677 ​ $ 66,350 ​ $ 182,151 ​ $ ( 8,933 ) ​ $ 240,245 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Net income (loss) ​ — ​ ​ — ​ ​ — ​ ​ ( 6,247 ) ​ — ​ ​ ( 6,247 ) Other comprehensive income (loss) ​ — ​ ​ — ​ ​ — ​ ​ — ​ 5,943 ​ ​ 5,943 Stock-based compensation expense, net of taxes withheld for vested restricted shares ​ 47,750 ​ ​ 5 ​ ​ 1,555 ​ ​ — ​ — ​ ​ 1,560 Exercise of common stock options ​ 3,738 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 67 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 67 Stock repurchases ​ ( 253,562 ) ​ ​ ( 25 ) ​ ​ ( 6,975 ) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ( 7,000 ) Dividends paid ​ — ​ ​ — ​ ​ — ​ ​ ( 3,420 ) ​ — ​ ​ ( 3,420 ) Balances, October 31, 2020 ​ 6,565,163 ​ $ 657 ​ $ 60,997 ​ $ 172,484 ​ $ ( 2,990 ) ​ $ 231,148 ​ The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. ​ ​ 49 ​ HURCO COMPANIES, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Consolidation . The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Hurco Companies, Inc. (an Indiana corporation) and its wholly–owned subsidiaries (“we”, “us”, “our”, “Hurco” or the “Company”). We have a 35 % ownership interest in a Taiwan affiliate that is accounted for using the equity method. Our investment in that affiliate was approximately $ 4.4 million and $ 4.2 million as of October 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. That investment is included in Investments and other assets, net on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. Inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Reclassifications. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. This reclassification has no impact on previously reported net income or shareholders’ equity. Statements of Cash Flows . We consider all highly liquid investments with a stated maturity at the date of purchase of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash flows from hedges are classified consistent with the items being hedged. Translation of Foreign Currencies . All balance sheet accounts of non–U.S. subsidiaries are translated at the exchange rate as of the end of the year and translation adjustments of foreign currency balance sheets are recorded as a component of Accumulated other comprehensive loss in shareholders’ equity. Income and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates during the year. Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustments, net of gains related to our net investment hedges, as of October 31, 2020, were a net loss of $ 4.1 million, net of tax, and are included in Accumulated other comprehensive loss. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are recorded as income or expense as incurred and are recorded in Other expense, net. Hedging. We are exposed to certain market risks relating to our ongoing business operations, including foreign currency risk, interest rate risk and credit risk. We manage our exposure to these and other market risks through regular operating and financing activities. Currently, the only risk that we manage through the use of derivative instruments is foreign currency risk. We operate on a global basis and are exposed to the risk that our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows could be adversely affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates. To reduce the potential effects of foreign exchange rate movements on our net equity investment in one of our foreign subsidiaries, and the gross profit and net earnings of certain of our foreign subsidiaries, we enter into derivative financial instruments in the form of foreign exchange forward contracts with a major financial institution. We are primarily exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risk with respect to transactions and net assets denominated in Euros, Pounds Sterling, Indian Rupee, Singapore Dollars, Chinese Yuan, Polish Zloty, and New Taiwan Dollars. We account for derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities and carry them at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative depends on the intended use of the derivative and the resulting designation. For derivative instruments designated as a fair value hedge, the gain or loss is recognized in earnings in the period of change together with the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributed to the risk being hedged. For a derivative instrument designated as a cash flow hedge, the effective portion of the derivative’s gain or loss is initially reported as a component of Accumulated other comprehensive loss in shareholders’ equity and subsequently reclassified into earnings when the hedged exposure affects earnings. The ineffective portion of the gain or loss is reported in earnings immediately. For derivative instruments that are not designated as accounting hedges under the Derivatives and Hedging Topic of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”), changes in fair value are recognized in earnings in the period of change. We do not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for speculative trading purposes. We only enter into derivatives with one counterparty, which is among one of the largest U.S. banks (ranked by assets), in order to minimize credit risk and, to date, that counterparty has not failed to meet its financial obligations under such contracts. 50 ​ Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments We enter into foreign currency forward exchange contracts periodically to hedge certain forecasted inter–company sales and purchases denominated in foreign currencies (the Pound Sterling, Euro, and New Taiwan Dollar). The purpose of these instruments is to mitigate the risk that the U.S. Dollar net cash inflows and outflows resulting from sales and purchases denominated in foreign currencies will be adversely affected by changes in exchange rates. These forward contracts have been designated as cash flow hedge instruments, and are recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value in Derivative assets and Derivative liabilities. The effective portion of the gains and losses resulting from the changes in the fair value of these hedge contracts are deferred in Accumulated other comprehensive loss and recognized as an adjustment to Cost of sales and service in the period that the corresponding inventory sold that is the subject of the related hedge contract is recognized, thereby providing an offsetting economic impact against the corresponding change in the U.S. Dollar value of the inter–company sale or purchase being hedged. The ineffective portion of gains and losses resulting from the changes in the fair value of these hedge contracts is reported in Other expense, net immediately. We perform quarterly assessments of hedge effectiveness by verifying and documenting the critical terms of the hedge instrument and determining that forecasted transactions have not changed significantly. We also assess on a quarterly basis whether there have been adverse developments regarding the risk of a counterparty default. We had forward contracts outstanding as of October 31, 2020, in Euros, Pounds Sterling, and New Taiwan Dollars with set maturity dates ranging from November 2020 through October 2021 . The contract amount at forward rates in U.S. Dollars at October 31, 2020 for Euros and Pounds Sterling was $ 9.0 million and $ 3.1 million, respectively. The contract amount at forward rates in U.S. Dollars for New Taiwan Dollars was $ 13.9 million at October 31, 2020. At October 31, 2020, we had approximately $ 395,000 of gains, net of tax, related to cash flow hedges deferred in Accumulated other comprehensive loss. Of this amount, $ 262,000 represented unrealized gains, net of tax, related to cash flow hedge instruments that remain subject to currency fluctuation risk. The majority of these deferred gains will be recorded as an adjustment to Cost of sales and service in periods through October 2021, in which the corresponding inventory that is the subject of the related hedge contract is sold, as described above. We are exposed to foreign currency exchange risk related to our investment in net assets in foreign countries. To manage this risk, we entered into a forward contract with a notional amount of € 3.0 million in November 2019. We designated this forward contract as a hedge of our net investment in Euro denominated assets. We selected the forward method under FASB guidance related to the accounting for derivative instruments and hedging activities. The forward method requires all changes in the fair value of the contract to be reported as a cumulative translation adjustment, net of tax, in Accumulated other comprehensive loss in the same manner as the underlying hedged net assets. This forward contract matured in November 2020 , and we entered into a new forward contract for the same notional amount that is set to mature in November 2021 . As of October 31, 2020, we had a realized gain of $ 947,000 and an unrealized loss of $ 78,000 , net of tax, recorded as cumulative translation adjustments in Accumulated other comprehensive loss, related to these forward contracts. Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments We enter into foreign currency forward exchange contracts to protect against the effects of foreign currency fluctuations on inter-company receivables, payables, and loans denominated in foreign currencies. These derivative instruments are not designated as hedges under FASB guidance and, as a result, changes in their fair value are reported currently as Other expense, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations consistent with the transaction gain or loss on the related inter-company receivables, payables and loans denominated in foreign currencies. We had forward contracts outstanding as of October 31, 2020, in Euros, Pound Sterling, and New Taiwan Dollars with set maturity dates ranging from November 2020 through October 2021 . The contract amounts at forward rates in U.S. Dollars at October 31, 2020 for Euros and Pounds Sterling totaled $ 18.0 million. The contract amount at forward rates in U.S. Dollars for New Taiwan Dollars was $ 24.5 million at October 31, 2020. 51 ​ Fair Value of Derivative Instruments We recognize the fair value of derivative instruments as assets and liabilities on a gross basis on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of October 31, 2020 and October 31, 2019, all derivative instruments were recorded at fair value on the balance sheets as follows (in thousands): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2020 ​ 2019 ​ ​ Balance Sheet ​ Fair ​ Balance Sheet ​ Fair Derivatives Location Value Location Value Designated as Hedging Instruments: ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Foreign exchange forward contracts ​ Derivative assets ​ $ 495 ​ Derivative assets ​ $ 751 Foreign exchange forward contracts ​ Derivative liabilities ​ $ 279 ​ Derivative liabilities ​ $ 99 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Not Designated as Hedging Instruments: ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Foreign exchange forward contracts ​ Derivative assets ​ $ 473 ​ Derivative assets ​ $ 640 Foreign exchange forward contracts ​ Derivative liabilities ​ $ 593 ​ Derivative liabilities ​ $ 289 ​ Effect of Derivative Instruments on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity, and Statements of Operations Derivative instruments had the following effects on our Consolidated Balance Sheets, Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity, and Statements of Operations, net of tax, during the fiscal years ended October 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 (in thousands): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Location of ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Amount of Gain (Loss) ​ Gain (Loss) ​ Amount of Gain (Loss) ​ ​ Recognized in ​ Reclassified ​ Reclassified from ​ ​ Other Comprehensive ​ From Other ​ Other Comprehensive ​ ​ Income (Loss) ​ Comprehensive ​ Income (Loss) Derivatives 2020 2019 2018 Income (Loss) 2020 2019 2018 Designated as Hedging Instruments: ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ (Effective Portion) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Foreign exchange forward contracts ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Cost of sales ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ – Intercompany sales/purchases ​ $ 395 ​ $ 615 ​ $ 155 ​ and service ​ $ 421 $ 235 $ ( 1,355 ) –Net Investment ​ $ ( 64 ) ​ $ 128 ​ $ 136 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ We did not recognize any gains or losses as a result of hedges deemed ineffective during fiscal years ended October 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018. We recognized the following gains and losses in our Consolidated Statements of Operations during the fiscal years ended October 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 on derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments (in thousands): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Amount of Gain (Loss) ​ ​ Location of Gain (Loss) ​ Recognized in Operations Derivatives Recognized in Operations 2020 2019 2018 Not Designated as Hedging Instruments: ​ ​ ​ ​ Foreign exchange forward contracts Other expense, net ​ $ ( 171 ) $ 514 ​ $ ( 963 ) ​ 52 ​ The following table presents the changes in the components of Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, for the fiscal years ended October 31, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Foreign ​ Cash ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Currency ​ Flow ​ ​ ​ ​ Translation Hedges Total Balance, October 31, 2018 ​ $ ( 10,592 ) $ 729 ​ $ ( 9,863 ) Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications ​ 550 ​ 615 ​ 1,165 Reclassifications ​ — ​ ( 235 ) ​ ( 235 ) Balance, October 31, 2019 ​ $ ( 10,042 ) $ 1,109 ​ $ ( 8,933 ) Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications ​ 5,969 ​ 395 ​ 6,364 Reclassifications ​ — ​ ( 421 ) ​ ( 421 ) Balance, October 31, 2020 ​ $ ( 4,073 ) $ 1,083 ​ $ ( 2,990 ) ​ Inventories . Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost determined using the first–in, first–out method. Provisions are made to reduce excess or obsolete inventories to their estimated realizable value. Property and Equipment . Property and equipment are carried at cost. Depreciation and amortization of assets are provided primarily under the straight–line method over the shorter of the estimated useful lives or the lease terms as follows: ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Number of Years Land Indefinite Building 40 Machines 7 – 10 Shop and office equipment 3 – 7 Building & leasehold improvements 3 – 40 ​ Total depreciation and amortization expense recognized for property and equipment was $ 2.7 million for fiscal 2020, $ 2.6 million for fiscal 2019, and $ 2.5 million for fiscal 2018. Revenue Recognition. We design, manufacture, and sell computerized machine tools. Our computer control systems and software products are primarily sold as integral components of our computerized machine tool products. We also provide machine tool components, automation integration equipment and solutions for job shops, software options, control upgrades, accessories and replacement parts for our products, as well as customer service, training, and applications support. We recognize revenues from the sale of machine tools, components and accessories and services, and reflect the consideration to which we expect to be entitled. We record revenues based on a five-step model in accordance with FASB guidance codified in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“ASC 606”). In accordance with ASC 606, we have defined contracts as agreements with our customers and distributors in the form of purchase orders, packing or shipping documents, invoices, and, periodically, verbal requests for components and accessories. For each contract, we identify our performance obligations, which is delivering goods or services, determine the transaction price, allocate the contract transaction price to each of the performance obligations (when applicable), and recognize the revenue when (or as) the performance obligation to the customer is fulfilled. A good or service is transferred when the customer obtains control of that good or service. Our computerized machine tools are general purpose computer-controlled machine tools that are typically used in stand–alone operations. Prior to shipment, we test each machine to ensure the machine’s compliance with standard operating specifications. We deem that the customer obtains control upon delivery of the product and that obtaining control is not contingent upon contractual customer acceptance. Therefore, we recognize revenue from sales of our machine tool systems upon delivery of the product to the customer or distributor, which is normally at the time of shipment. 53 ​ Depending upon geographic location, after shipment, a machine may be installed at the customer’s facilities by a distributor, independent contractor, or by one of our service technicians. In most instances where a machine is sold through a distributor, we have no installation involvement. If sales are direct or through sales agents, we will typically complete the machine installation, which consists of the reassembly of certain parts that were removed for shipping and the re-testing of the machine to ensure that it is performing within the standard specifications. We consider the machine installation process for our three-axis machines to be inconsequential and perfunctory. For our five-axis machines that we install, we estimate the fair value of the installation performance obligation and recognize that installation revenue on a prorata basis over the period of the installation process. From time to time, and depending upon geographic location, we may provide training or freight services. We consider these services to be perfunctory within the context of the contract, as the value of these services typically does not rise to a material level as a component of the total contract value. Service fees from maintenance contracts are deferred and recognized in earnings on a prorata basis over the term of the contract and are generally sold on a stand-alone basis. Customer discounts and estimated product returns are considered variable consideration and are recorded as a reduction of revenue in the same period that the related sales are recorded. We have reviewed the overall sales transactions for variable consideration and have determined that these amounts are not significant. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts . The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on our best estimate of probable credit issues and historical experience. We perform credit evaluations of the financial condition of our customers. No collateral is required for sales made on open account terms. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable are limited due to the large number of customers comprising our customer base and their dispersion across many geographic areas. We consider trade accounts receivable to be past due when payment is not made by the due date as specified on the customer invoice, and we charge off uncollectible balances when all reasonable collection efforts have been exhausted. Product Warranty . Expected future product warranty claims are recorded to expense when the product is sold. Product warranty estimates are established using historical information about the nature, frequency, and average cost of warranty claims. Warranty claims are influenced by factors such as new product introductions, technological developments, the competitive environment, and the costs of component parts. Actual payments for warranty claims could differ from the amounts estimated, requiring adjustments to the liabilities in future periods. See Note 12 of these Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of warranties. Research and Development Costs. The costs associated with research and development programs for new products and significant product improvements, other than software development costs, which are eligible for capitalization per FASB guidance, are expensed as incurred and are included in Selling, general, and administrative expenses. Research and development expenses totaled $ 3.5 million, $ 4.4 million, and $ 4.7 million, in fiscal 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. Software Development Costs. We sell software products that are essential to our machine tools. Costs incurred to develop computer software products and significant enhancements to software features of existing products to be sold or otherwise marketed are capitalized, after technological feasibility is established. Software development costs are amortized on a straight–line basis over the estimated product life of the related software, which ranges from three to five years. We capitalized costs related to software development projects of $ 1.0 million in fiscal 2020, $ 1.8 million in fiscal 2019, and $ 2.3 million in fiscal 2018. Amortization expense for software development costs was $ 1.5 million, $ 1.0 million, and $ 1.1 million, for the fiscal years ended October 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. Accumulated amortization at October 31, 2020 and 2019 was $ 21.0 million and $ 19.5 million, respectively. 54 ​ Estimated amortization expense for the remaining unamortized software development costs for the fiscal years ending October 31, is as follows (in thousands): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Fiscal Year Amortization Expense 2021 $ 1,369 2022 ​ 1,883 2023 ​ 1,742 2024 ​ 1,503 2025 and thereafter ​ 1,343 ​ Goodwill and Intangible Assets. Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangibles arising from a business combination are not amortized and charged to expense over time. Instead, goodwill and indefinite-lived intangibles must be reviewed for impairment annually as of the last day of our third fiscal quarter, or more frequently, if circumstances arise indicating potential impairment. For goodwill, if the carrying amount of the reporting unit containing the goodwill exceeds the fair value of that reporting unit, an impairment loss is recognized for that excess, but only to the extent of the goodwill amount allocated to that reporting unit. ​ We have a total of $ 4.9 million of goodwill for our single reporting unit, arising from the acquisitions of ProCobots, LLC (“ProCobots”) ($ 2.5 million) in 2019, LCM Precision Technology S.r.l. (“LCM”) ($ 2.2 million) in 2013, and our wholly-owned distributor located in Michigan ($ 0.2 million) in 2008. The adverse change in the business climate resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic created triggering events during the second quarter of fiscal 2020, which warranted our review of these assets for potential impairment. With the assistance of a third-party expert, we developed a discounted cash flow model, which included projected growth rates and an appropriate market-participant discount rate, to compute the fair value of the reporting unit as of April 30, 2020. In addition, the fair value determined was also compared to the value obtained using a market approach from guideline public company multiples. The computed fair value of the reporting unit was in excess of our book value of equity as of April 30, 2020, and, therefore, we determined that goodwill and indefinite lived assets were not impaired at that time. ​ Due to the prolonged ongoing uncertainty in the global markets as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the net loss for fiscal 2020, we believed there was a risk that the total cash flow projections of this reporting unit could fall short of its previous projections, As such, we reperformed the goodwill impairment test as of October 31, 2020 using a similar discounted cash flow model. As a result of the net loss for fiscal 2020 and the delayed timing of the recovery period, the total cash flow projected at October 31, 2020 fell short of those projected at April 30, 2020, causing the fair value of the reporting unit to fall below our book value of equity as of October 31, 2020, thus, resulting in a full impairment loss of $ 4.9 million. ​ The changes in the carrying amounts of goodwill for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2020 were as follows (in thousands): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Balance as of October 31, 2019 $ 5,847 Changes in goodwill acquired ​ ( 972 ) Goodwill impairment ​ ​ ( 4,903 ) Impact of foreign currency translation ​ 28 Balance as of October 31, 2020 ​ $ 0 ​ For indefinite-lived intangible assets, if the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess. Intangible assets that are determined to have a finite life are amortized over their estimated useful lives and are also subject to review for impairment, if indicators of impairment are identified. There were no impairments recognized with respect to the carrying value of intangible assets for the years ended October 31, 2020, 2019, or 2018. 55 ​ As of October 31, 2020, the balances of intangible assets, other than goodwill, were as follows (in thousands): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Weighted ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Average ​ Gross ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Amortization ​ Intangible ​ Accumulated ​ Net Intangible ​ Period Assets Amortization Assets Tradenames and trademarks indefinite ​ $ 177 $ — ​ $ 177 Tradenames and trademarks 14 years ​ 765 ​ ( 181 ) ​ 584 Customer relationships 15 years ​ 374 ​ ( 199 ) ​ 175 Technology 13 years ​ 713 ​ ( 402 ) ​ 311 Noncompete ​ 5 years ​ ​ 580 ​ ​ ( 145 ) ​ ​ 435 Patents 6 years ​ 2,972 ​ ( 2,837 ) ​ 135 Other 8 years ​ 397 ​ ( 368 ) ​ 29 Total ​ ​ $ 5,978 $ ( 4,132 ) ​ $ 1,846 ​ As of October 31, 2019, the balances of intangible assets, other than goodwill, were as follows (in thousands): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Weighted ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Average ​ Gross ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Amortization ​ Intangible ​ Accumulated ​ Net Intangible ​ Period Assets Amortization Assets Tradenames and trademarks indefinite ​ $ 60 $ — ​ $ 60 Tradenames and trademarks 13 years ​ 408 ​ ( 114 ) ​ 294 Customer relationships 15 years ​ 372 ​ ( 173 ) ​ 199 Technology 13 years ​ 683 ​ ( 333 ) ​ 350 Patents 6 years ​ 2,972 ​ ( 2,813 ) ​ 159 Other 8 years ​ 375 ​ ( 341 ) ​ 34 Total ​ ​ $ 4,870 $ ( 3,774 ) ​ $ 1,096 ​ Intangible asset amortization expense was $ 358,000 , $ 117,000 , and $ 107,000 for fiscal 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. Annual intangible asset amortization expense is estimated to be $ 280,000 per year for fiscal years 2021 through 2025 . Impairment of Long–Lived Assets. Annually, or when there are indicators of impairment, we evaluate the carrying value of long–lived assets to be held and used, including property and equipment, software development costs, and intangible assets, including goodwill, when events or circumstances warrant such a review. The carrying value of a long-lived asset (or group of assets) to be held and used is considered impaired when the anticipated separately identifiable undiscounted cash flows from such an asset (or group of assets) are less than the carrying value of the asset (or group of assets). The adverse change in the business climate resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic created triggering events during the second quarter of fiscal 2020, which warranted our review of these assets for potential impairment as of April 30, 2020. We determined that we have a single asset group due to the interdependent nature of our operations. We estimated the cash flows during the remaining useful life of the primary asset, and our undiscounted cash flow was in excess of the book value of our single asset group, and therefore, there was no impairment indications for our long-lived assets for the period ended April 30, 2020. Due to the prolonged ongoing uncertainty in the global markets as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the net loss for fiscal 2020, we believed there was a risk that the total cash flow projections could fall short of its previous projections, As such, we reevaluated the cash flows during the remaining useful life of the primary asset as of October 31, 2020. The result indicated that our undiscounted cash flow continued to be in excess of the book value of our single asset group, and therefore, there was no impairment indications for our long-lived assets for the period ended October 31, 2020. Thus, there was no impairment recognized with respect to the carrying values of long-lived assets for the years ended October 31, 2020, 2019, or 2018. Earnings Per Share. Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted–average number of common shares actually outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share assumes the issuance of additional shares of common stock upon exercise of all outstanding stock options and contingently issuable securities if the effect is dilutive, in accordance with the treasury stock method discussed in FASB guidance on “Earnings Per Share.” 56 ​ The following table presents a reconciliation of our basic and diluted earnings per share computation: ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Fiscal Year Ended October 31, ​ ​ 2020 ​ 2019 ​ 2018 (in thousands, except per share amounts) Basic Diluted Basic Diluted Basic Diluted Net income (loss) ​ $ ( 6,247 ) ​ $ ( 6,247 ) ​ $ 17,495 ​ $ 17,495 ​ $ 21,490 ​ $ 21,490 Undistributed earnings (loss) allocated to participating shares ​ 66 ​ 66 ​ ( 147 ) ​ ( 147 ) ​ ( 132 ) ​ ( 132 ) Net income (loss) applicable to common shareholders ​ $ ( 6,181 ) ​ $ ( 6,181 ) ​ $ 17,348 ​ $ 17,348 ​ $ 21,358 ​ $ 21,358 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Weighted average shares outstanding ​ 6,670 ​ 6,670 ​ 6,759 ​ 6,759 ​ 6,700 ​ 6,700 Stock options and contingently issuable securities ​ — ​ — ​ — ​ 56 ​ — ​ 71 ​ ​ 6,670 ​ 6,670 ​ 6,759 ​ 6,815 ​ 6,700 ​ 6,771 Income (loss) per share ​ $ ( 0.93 ) ​ $ ( 0.93 ) ​ $ 2.57 ​ $ 2.55 ​ $ 3.19 ​ $ 3.15 ​ Income Taxes – We account for income taxes and the related accounts under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted income tax rates in each jurisdiction in effect for the year in which the temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. These deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance, which is established when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Net deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current in the consolidated financial statements. Our judgment regarding the realization of deferred tax assets may change due to future profitability and market conditions, changes in U.S. or foreign tax laws and other factors. These changes, if any, may require material adjustments to these deferred tax assets and an accompanying reduction or increase in net income in the period when such determinations are made. The determination of our provision for income taxes requires judgment, the use of estimates, and the interpretation and application of complex federal, state and foreign tax laws. Our provision for income taxes reflects a combination of income earned and taxed at the federal and state level in the U.S., as well as in various foreign jurisdictions. In addition to the risks to the effective tax rate described above, the future effective tax rate reflected in forward–looking statements is based on currently effective tax laws. Significant changes in those laws could materially affect these estimates. We operate in multiple jurisdictions through wholly-owned subsidiaries, and our global structure is complex. The estimates of our uncertain tax positions involve judgments and assessment of the potential tax implications. We recognize uncertain tax positions when it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained upon examination by relevant taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The amount recognized is measured as the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Our tax positions are subject to audit by taxing authorities across multiple global jurisdictions, and the resolution of such audits may span multiple years. Tax law is complex and often subject to varied interpretations. Accordingly, the ultimate outcome with respect to taxes we may owe may differ from the amounts recognized. Stock Compensation. We account for share–based compensation according to FASB guidance relating to share–based payments, which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense for all share–based awards made to employees and directors based on estimated fair values on the grant date. This guidance requires that we estimate the fair value of share–based awards on the date of grant and recognize as expense the value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest over the requisite service period. Estimates. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts presented and disclosed in our consolidated financial statements. Significant estimates and assumptions in these consolidated financial statements require the exercise of judgment and are used for, but not limited to, allowance for doubtful accounts, estimates of future cash flows and other 57 ​ assumptions associated with goodwill, intangible and long–lived asset impairment tests, useful lives for depreciation and amortization, warranty programs, stock compensation, income taxes and deferred tax valuation allowances, and contingencies. Due to the inherent uncertainty involved in making estimates, actual results reported in future periods may be different from these estimates. ​ 2. BUSINESS OPERATIONS Nature of Business . We design, manufacture, and sell computerized CNC machine tools, computer control systems and software products, machine tool components, automation integration equipment and solutions for job shops, software options, control upgrades, accessories and replacement parts for our products, as well as customer service, training, and applications support, to companies in the metal cutting industry through a worldwide sales, service, and distribution network. The machine tool industry is highly cyclical and changes in demand can occur abruptly in the geographic markets we serve. As a result of this cyclicality, we have experienced significant fluctuations in our sales, which, in periods of reduced demand, have adversely affected our results of operations and financial condition. The end market for our products consists primarily of precision tool, die and mold manufacturers, independent job shops, and specialized short–run production applications within large manufacturing operations. Industries served include: aerospace, defense, medical equipment, energy, automotive/transportation, electronics, and computer industries. Our products are sold principally through more than 200 independent agents and distributors throughout the Americas, Europe and Asia. We also have our own direct sales and service organizations in China, France, Germany, India, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Singapore, Taiwan, the United Kingdom, and certain areas of the United States. Credit Risk . We sell products to customers located throughout the world. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of customers and generally do not require collateral. Allowances are maintained for potential credit losses. Concentration of credit risk with respect to trade accounts receivable is limited due to the large number of customers and their dispersion across many geographic areas. Although a significant amount of trade receivables are with distributors primarily located in the United States, no single distributor or region represents a significant concentration of credit risk. Manufacturing Risk. At present, our wholly–owned subsidiaries, Hurco Manufacturing Limited (“HML”), Ningbo Hurco Machine Tool Co., Ltd. (“NHML”), and Milltronics USA, Inc. (“Milltronics”) produce the vast majority of our machine tools for all three brands, Hurco, Milltronics, and Takumi. In addition, we manufacture electro–mechanical components and accessories for machine tools through our wholly–owned subsidiary, LCM. HML, NHML, Milltronics, and LCM manufacture their products in Taiwan, China, the U.S., and Italy, respectively. Any interruption in manufacturing at any of these locations would have an adverse effect on our financial operating results. Interruption in manufacturing at one of these locations could result from a change in the political environment or a natural disaster, such as trade wars or tariffs, or an earthquake, typhoon, or tsunami. Any interruption with one of our other third-party key suppliers may also have an adverse effect on our operating results and our financial condition. ​ 3. INVENTORIES Inventories as of October 31, 2020 and 2019 are summarized below (in thousands): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2020 ​ ​ 2019 Purchased parts and sub–assemblies ​ $ 30,390 $ 32,074 Work–in–process ​ 12,635 ​ 20,901 Finished goods ​ 106,839 ​ 95,876 ​ ​ $ 149,864 $ 148,851 ​ Finished goods inventory consigned to our distributors and agents throughout the Americas, Europe, and Asia was $ 17.2 million and $ 12.0 million as of October 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. ​ 58 ​ 4. ACQUISITION OF BUSINESS On August 5, 2019, we (through a newly-formed subsidiary, ProCobots) acquired substantially all of the assets of a U.S.-based automation integration company for approximately $ 4.4 million. This acquired business provides automation solutions that can be integrated with any machine tool. ​ The acquisition was accounted for in accordance with ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations. Accordingly, the total purchase price was allocated to tangible assets and liabilities based on their fair value and the intangibles and goodwill were allocated on a provisional basis at the date of acquisition. These allocations reflected various provisional estimates that were available at the time and were subject to change during the purchase price allocation period as valuations were finalized. All valuations are now final. The following table summarizes the allocation of the opening balance sheet of ProCobots as of August 5, 2019 (in thousands): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Initial Allocation ​ ​ Adjustments ​ ​ Final Allocation Current assets $ 349 ​ $ — ​ $ 349 Property plant and equipment ​ 452 ​ — ​ 452 Intangibles ​ 148 ​ 972 ​ 1,120 Goodwill ​ 3,500 ​ ( 972 ) ​ 2,528 Total assets ​ 4,449 ​ — ​ 4,449 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Current liabilities ​ 96 ​ — ​ 96 Total liabilities ​ 96 ​ — ​ 96 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Total purchase price and cash expended ​ $ 4,353 ​ $ — ​ $ 4,353 ​ Intangible assets of $ 1.1 million were recorded as a result of the purchase. The fair value of the intangible assets was based upon a discounted cash flow method that involves inputs that are not observable in the market (Level 3). Intangible assets are amortized primarily using a straight-line methodology. The intangible assets consisted of the following (in thousands): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Remaining Economic Useful Life Trademark/name ​ $ 520 ​ 15 Noncompete ​ 580 ​ 5 Other ​ 20 ​ 1 ​ ​ 1,120 ​ ​ The excess purchase price over the fair value of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed was recorded as goodwill in the amount of $ 2.5 million. Goodwill recognized in the acquisition relates primarily to expanding our current product offering. The amount recorded as goodwill will be fully deductible for tax purposes. ​ As of October 31, 2020, we have recognized an impairment loss for the full $ 2.5 million of goodwill relating to ProCobots. See Note 1 of these Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information. The results of operations of ProCobots have been included in the consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition. ​ 5. CREDIT AGREEMENTS AND BORROWINGS On December 31, 2018, we and our subsidiary Hurco B.V. entered into a new credit agreement, which was amended by that certain First Amendment dated March 13, 2020 and that certain Second Amendment dated December 23, 2020 (as amended, the “2018 Credit Agreement”), with Bank of America, N.A., as the lender. The 2018 Credit Agreement provides for an unsecured revolving credit and letter of credit facility in a maximum aggregate amount of $ 40.0 million. The 2018 59 ​ Credit Agreement provides that the maximum amount of outstanding letters of credit at any one time may not exceed $ 10.0 million, the maximum amount of outstanding loans made to our subsidiary Hurco B.V. at any one time may not exceed $ 20.0 million, and the maximum amount of all outstanding loans denominated in alternative currencies at any one time may not exceed $ 20.0 million. Under the 2018 Credit Agreement, we and Hurco B.V. are borrowers, and certain of our other subsidiaries are guarantors. The scheduled maturity date of the 2018 Credit Agreement is December 31, 2021 . Borrowings under the 2018 Credit Agreement bear interest at floating rates based on, at our option, either (i) a LIBOR–based rate, or other alternative currency–based rate approved by the lender, plus 1.25 % per annum, or (ii) a base rate (which is the highest of (a) the federal funds rate plus 0.50 %, (b) the prime rate or (c) the one month LIBOR–based rate plus 1.00 %), plus 0.00 % per annum. Outstanding letters of credit will carry an annual rate of 1.25 %. The 2018 Credit Agreement contains customary affirmative and negative covenants and events of default, including covenants (1) restricting us from making certain investments, loans, advances and acquisitions (but permitting us to make investments in subsidiaries of up to $ 10.0 million); (2) restricting us from making certain payments, including (a) cash dividends, except that we may pay cash dividends as long as immediately before and after giving effect to such payment, the sum of the unused amount of the commitments under the 2018 Credit Agreement plus our cash on hand is not less than $ 10.0 million, and as long as we are not in default before and after giving effect to such dividend payments and (b) payments made to repurchase shares of our common stock, except that we may repurchase shares of our common stock as long as we are not in default before and after giving effect to such repurchases and the aggregate amount of payments made by us for all such repurchases during any fiscal year does not exceed $ 10.0 million; (3) requiring that we maintain a minimum working capital of $ 125.0 million; (4) requiring that we maintain a minimum tangible net worth of $ 170.0 million; and (5) providing that if the total amount of indebtedness outstanding owed by the Company and its Taiwanese and Chinese subsidiaries to the lender or its affiliates (the “Specified Outstanding Amount”) exceeds $ 25.0 million, then the Company will not permit the amount of unrestricted cash-on-hand of the Company and its subsidiaries to be less than the Specified Outstanding Amount. We may use the proceeds from advances under the 2018 Credit Agreement for general corporate purposes. In December 2018, in connection with our entry into the 2018 Credit Agreement, (1) using cash on hand, we repaid in full the $ 1.4 million outstanding under, and terminated, our credit facility in China and (2) we terminated our United Kingdom credit facility. In March 2019, our wholly-owned subsidiaries in Taiwan, HML, and China, NHML, closed on uncommitted revolving credit facilities with maximum aggregate amounts of 150 million New Taiwan Dollars (the "Taiwan credit facility") and 32.5 million Chinese Yuan (the "China credit facility"), respectively. As uncommitted facilities, both the Taiwan and China credit facilities are subject to review and termination by the respective underlying lending institutions from time to time. As a result, as of October 31, 2020, our existing credit facilities consisted of our € 1.5 million revolving credit facility in Germany, the 150 million New Taiwan Dollars Taiwan credit facility, the 32.5 million Chinese Yuan China credit facility and the $ 40.0 million revolving credit facility under the 2018 Credit Agreement. As of October 31, 2020, there were no borrowings under any of our credit facilities and there was $ 51.8 million of available borrowing capacity thereunder. ​ 6. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS Estimated Fair Value of Financial Instruments FASB fair value guidance establishes a three–tier fair value hierarchy, which categorizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as observable inputs, such as quoted prices in active markets; Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs for which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions. The carrying amounts for cash and cash equivalents approximate their fair values due to the short maturity of these instruments, and such instruments meet the Level 1 criteria of the three–tier fair value hierarchy discussed above. The 60 ​ carrying amount of short–term debt approximates fair value due to the variable rate of the interest and the short term nature of the instrument. In accordance with this guidance, the following table represents the fair value hierarchy for our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value as of October 31, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Assets ​ Liabilities ​ ​ October 31, ​ October 31, ​ October 31, ​ October 31, ​ 2020 2019 2020 2019 Level 1 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Deferred compensation ​ $ 1,868 $ 1,991 $ — ​ $ — ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Level 2 ​ ​ Derivatives ​ $ 968 $ 1,391 $ 872 ​ $ 388 ​ Recurring Fair Value Measurements Included in Level 1 assets are mutual fund investments under a nonqualified deferred compensation plan. We estimate the fair value of these investments on a recurring basis using market prices which are readily available. Included as Level 2 fair value measurements are derivative assets and liabilities related to gains and losses on foreign currency forward exchange contracts entered into with a third party. We estimate the fair value of these derivatives on a recurring basis using foreign currency exchange rates obtained from active markets. Derivative instruments are reported in the accompanying consolidated financial statements at fair value. We have derivative financial instruments in the form of foreign currency forward exchange contracts as described in Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in which the U.S. Dollar equivalent notional amount of these contracts was $ 70.8 million and $ 108.6 million at October 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The fair value of the foreign currency forward exchange contracts and the related currency positions are subject to offsetting market risk resulting from foreign currency exchange rate volatility. The counterparty to the forward exchange contract is a substantial and creditworthy financial institution. We do not consider either the risk of counterparty non–performance or the economic consequences of counterparty non–performance as material risks. ​ 7. INCOME TAXES We account for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Under this method, the (benefit) provision for income taxes represents income taxes payable or refundable for the current year plus the change in deferred taxes during the year. On March 27, 2020, the U.S. Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”) was enacted in response to COVID-19 pandemic. The CARES Act, among other things, allows net operating losses arising in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017 and before January 1, 2021, to be carried back to each of the five preceding taxable years to generate a refund of previously paid income taxes, permits net operating loss carryovers and carrybacks to offset 100 percent of taxable income for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2021. Any net operating losses arising in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017 and before January 1, 2021, are created in years that have a 21.0 % federal income tax rate. If these net operating losses are carried back to years prior to December 31, 2017, the resulting refund would be in years with a 34.0 % federal income tax rate. We are planning to carry back our taxable loss in the U.S. for fiscal 2020 under the provisions of the CARES Act and has recorded a tax benefit in the current year at 34 %. ​ The 2019 rate and 2018 rate reflect several effects associated with the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Reform Act”), which was enacted in December 2017. The Tax Reform Act significantly revised the U.S. corporate income tax regime by, among other things, lowering the U.S. corporate tax rate from 35 % to 21 % effective January 1, 2018, implemented a modified territorial tax system from a global system by adding provisions related to Global Intangible Low Taxed Income (“GILTI”) and Foreign-derived Intangible Income (”FDII”) among other provisions. These provisions under the Tax Reform Act became effective for our fiscal 2019. The Tax Reform Act also imposed a one-time transition tax which was 61 ​ recorded in the fiscal 2018, on deemed repatriation of historical earnings of foreign subsidiaries. ​ The components of income (loss) before taxes are (in thousands): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Year Ended October 31, ​ 2020 2019 2018 Income (loss) before income taxes: ​ ​ ​ Domestic ​ $ ( 11,681 ) $ 9,793 $ 14,101 Foreign ​ 878 13,531 18,395 ​ ​ $ ( 10,803 ) $ 23,324 $ 32,496 ​ The components of income tax provision (benefit) are (in thousands): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Year Ended October 31, ​ 2020 2019 2018 Current: ​ ​ ​ ​ U.S. taxes ​ $ ( 4,932 ) $ 1,854 ​ $ 6,333 Foreign taxes ​ 923 ​ 3,715 ​ 5,203 ​ ​ ( 4,009 ) ​ 5,569 ​ 11,536 Deferred: ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ U.S. taxes ​ ( 256 ) ​ ( 31 ) ​ ( 326 ) Foreign taxes ​ ( 291 ) ​ 291 ​ ( 204 ) ​ ​ ( 547 ) ​ 260 ​ ( 530 ) ​ ​ $ ( 4,556 ) $ 5,829 ​ $ 11,006 ​ A comparison of income tax expense at the U.S. statutory rate to the Company’s effective tax rate is as follows: ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Year Ended October 31, ​ 2020 2019 2018 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ U.S. statutory rate ​ 21 % 21 % 23 % Effect of tax rate of international jurisdictions different than U.S. statutory rates ​ 3 % 4 % 2 % Valuation allowance ​ 0 % 1 % 0 % State taxes ​ 2 % 1 % 0 % Tax credits ​ 1 % ( 2 ) % ( 1 ) % Effect of tax rate changes ​ 0 % 0 % 4 % Transition tax ​ 0 % ( 1 ) % 7 % US tax on distributed and undistributed earnings ​ ​ 0 % ​ 3 % ​ 0 % US benefit of foreign intangible income ​ ​ 0 % ​ ( 3 ) % ​ 0 % Impact of CARES act ​ ​ 16 % ​ 0 % ​ 0 % Other ​ ( 1 ) % 1 % ( 1 ) % Effective tax rate ​ 42 % 25 % 34 % ​ The Tax Reform Act also made comprehensive changes to U.S. federal income tax laws by moving from a global to a modified territorial tax regime. As a result, cash repatriated to the U.S. is generally no longer subject to U.S federal income tax. On October 31, 2020, undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiaries are expected to be permanently reinvested or otherwise retained for continuing operations. Accordingly, we have not provided for any withholding taxes on the undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiaries beginning January 1, 2018. Deferred income taxes are determined based on the difference between the amounts used for financial reporting purposes and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Deferred taxes are adjusted for changes in tax rates and tax laws when changes are enacted. Valuation allowances 62 ​ are recorded to reduce deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized. Net deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current in the consolidated financial statements. ​ As of October 31, 2020, we had deferred tax assets established for accumulated net operating loss carryforwards of $ 2.0 million, primarily related to certain states in the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions. We also had deferred tax assets for tax credits of $ 0.9 million. We have established a valuation allowance against some of these carryforwards due to the uncertainty of their full realization. As of October 31, 2020 and 2019, the balance of this valuation allowance was $ 2.2 million for each fiscal year. Significant components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities at October 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows (in thousands): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ October 31, ​ 2020 2019 Deferred Tax Assets: ​ ​ Accrued inventory reserves ​ $ 1,241 $ 1,224 Accrued warranty expenses ​ 248 ​ 363 Compensation related expenses ​ 1,849 ​ 2,723 Unrealized exchange gain/loss ​ 14 ​ 143 Other accrued expenses ​ 226 ​ 170 Net operating loss carryforwards ​ 1,957 ​ 1,380 Other credit carryforwards ​ 887 ​ 766 Operating lease liabilities ​ ​ 2,736 ​ ​ — Goodwill and intangibles ​ ​ 1,019 ​ ​ 99 Other ​ 183 ​ 194 ​ ​ 10,360 ​ 7,062 Less: Valuation allowance – net operating loss and other credit carryforwards ​ ( 2,164 ) ​ ( 2,227 ) Deferred tax assets ​ 8,196 ​ 4,835 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Deferred Tax Liabilities: ​ ​ ​ ​ Net derivative instruments ​ ( 305 ) ​ ( 313 ) Property and equipment and capitalized software development costs ​ ( 2,563 ) ​ ( 2,632 ) Operating lease - right of use assets ​ ​ ( 2,666 ) ​ ​ — Other ​ ( 314 ) ​ ( 204 ) Net deferred tax assets ​ $ 2,348 $ 1,686 ​ As of October 31, 2020, we had net operating loss carryforwards for international and U.S. income tax purposes of $ 6.8 million, of which $ 5.1 million related to foreign jurisdictions will expire within 5 years beginning in fiscal 2021 and $ 1.7 million will expire between 5 and 20 years . We also had tax credits of $ 0.9 million that will expire between years 2021 and 2030 . A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits, excluding the related accrual for interest or penalties, is as follows (in thousands): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2020 2019 2018 Balance, beginning of year ​ $ 193 $ 180 ​ $ 1,101 Additions based on tax positions related to the current year ​ 9 ​ 36 ​ 37 Additions (reductions) related to prior year tax positions ​ ( 2 ) ​ — ​ ( 945 ) Reductions due to statute expiration ​ ( 32 ) ​ ( 23 ) ​ ( 18 ) Other ​ — ​ — ​ 5 Balance, end of year ​ $ 168 $ 193 ​ $ 180 ​ The entire balance of the unrecognized tax benefits and related interest at October 31, 2020, if recognized, could affect the effective tax rate in future periods. 63 ​ We recognize accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as components of our income tax provision. As of October 31, 2020, the amount of interest accrued, reported in other liabilities, was approximately $ 36,000 which did not include the federal tax benefit of interest deductions. The statute of limitations with respect to unrecognized tax benefits will expire between August 2021 and August 2024 . We file U.S. federal and state income tax returns, as well as tax returns in several foreign jurisdictions. Currently, our subsidiary in France is under tax audit for fiscal years 2018 and 2019. ​ A summary of open tax years by major jurisdiction is presented below: ​ ​ ​ ​ United States federal Fiscal 2017 through the current period Germany¹ Fiscal 2018 through the current period Taiwan Fiscal 2018 through the current period ¹ Includes federal as well as state, provincial or similar local jurisdictions, as applicable. ​ 8. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS We have defined contribution plans that include a majority of our U.S. employees, under which our matching contributions are primarily discretionary. The purpose of these plans is generally to provide additional financial security during retirement by providing employees with an incentive to save throughout their employment. Our contributions and related expense totaled $ 1.3 million, $ 1.4 million, $ 1.2 million, for the fiscal years ended October 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. ​ 9. STOCK–BASED COMPENSATION In March 2016, we adopted the Hurco Companies, Inc. 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2016 Equity Plan”), which allows us to grant awards of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, stock units and other stock–based awards. The 2016 Equity Plan replaced the Hurco Companies, Inc. 2008 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2008 Equity Plan”) and is the only active plan under which equity awards may be made by us to our employees and non–employee directors. No further awards will be made under our 2008 Equity Plan. The total number of shares of our common stock that may be issued pursuant to awards under the 2016 Equity Plan is 856,048 , which includes 386,048 shares remaining available for future grants under the 2008 Equity Plan as of March 10, 2016, the date our shareholders approved the 2016 Equity Plan. The Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors has the authority to determine the officers, directors and key employees who will be granted awards under the 2016 Equity Plan; designate the number of shares subject to each award; determine the terms and conditions upon which awards will be granted; and prescribe the form and terms of award agreements. We have granted restricted shares and performance units under the 2016 Equity Plan that are currently outstanding, and we have granted stock options under the 2008 Equity Plan that are currently outstanding. No stock option may be exercised more than ten years after the date of grant or such shorter period as the Compensation Committee may determine at the date of grant. The market value of a share of our common stock, for purposes of the 2016 Equity Plan, is the closing sale price as reported by the Nasdaq Global Select Market on the date in question or, if not a trading day, on the last preceding trading date. ​ 64 ​ A summary of the status of the options as of October 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 and the related activity for the year is as follows: ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Shares Under ​ Weighted Average Grant ​ Option Date Fair Value Balance October 31, 2017 78,725 ​ $ 20.97 Granted — ​ — Cancelled — ​ — Expired — ​ — Exercised ( 41,680 ) ​ $ 20.33 Balance October 31, 2018 37,045 ​ $ 21.69 Granted — ​ — Cancelled — ​ — Expired — ​ — Exercised — ​ ​ — Balance October 31, 2019 37,045 ​ $ 21.69 Granted — ​ — Cancelled — ​ — Expired — ​ — Exercised ( 3,738 ) ​ ​ 18.13 Balance October 31, 2020 33,307 ​ $ 22.09 ​ The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the twelve months ended October 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was approximately $ 44,000 , $ 0 , and $ 847,000 , respectively. As of October 31, 2020, the total intrinsic value of stock options that were outstanding and exercisable was $ 258,000 . Stock options outstanding and exercisable on October 31, 2020, were as follows: ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Weighted Average ​ Weighted Average Range of Exercise ​ Shares Under ​ Exercise Price Per ​ Remaining Contractual Prices Per Share Option Share Life in Years ​ Outstanding and Exercisable ​ ​ 21.45 21,748 ​ 21.45 0.73 ​ 23.30 11,559 ​ 23.30 0.73 $ 21.45 - 23.30 33,307 $ 22.09 1.47 ​ On March 12, 2020, the Compensation Committee granted a total of 17,780 shares of time-based restricted stock to our non-employee directors. The restricted shares vest in full one year from the date of grant provided the recipient remains on the board of directors through that date. The grant date fair value of the restricted shares was based on the closing sales price of our common stock on the grant date, which was $ 23.62 per share. ​ On January 2, 2020, the Compensation Committee determined the degree to which the long-term incentive compensation arrangement approved for the fiscal 2017-2019 performance period was attained, and the resulting payout level relative to the target amount for each of the metrics that were established by the Compensation Committee in 2017. As a result, the Compensation Committee determined that a total of 28,979 performance stock units (“PSUs”) were earned by our executive officers, which PSUs vested on January 2, 2020. The vesting date fair value of the PSUs was based on the closing sales price of our common stock on the vesting date, which was $ 37.79 per share. ​ On January 2, 2020, the Compensation Committee also approved a long-term incentive compensation arrangement for our executive officers in the form of restricted shares and PSUs under the 2016 Equity Plan, which will be payable in shares of our common stock if earned and vested. The awards were approximately 25 % time-based vesting and approximately 75 % performance-based vesting. The three-year performance period for the PSUs is fiscal 2020 through fiscal 2022. ​ 65 ​ On that date, the Compensation Committee granted a total of 20,837 shares of time-based restricted stock to our executive officers. The restricted shares vest in thirds over three years from the date of grant provided the recipient remains employed through that date. The grant date fair value of the restricted shares was based upon the closing sales price of our common stock on the date of grant, which was $ 37.79 per share. ​ On January 2, 2020, the Compensation Committee also granted a total target number of 26,918 PSUs to our executive officers designated as “PSU – TSR”. These PSUs were weighted as approximately 40 % of the overall 2020 executive long-term incentive compensation arrangement and will vest and be paid based upon the total shareholder return of our common stock over the three-year period of fiscal 2020-2022, relative to the total shareholder return of the companies in a specified peer group over that period. Participants will have the ability to earn between 50 % of the target number of the PSUs – TSR for achieving threshold performance and 200 % of the target number of the PSUs – TSR for achieving maximum performance. The grant date fair value of the PSUs – TSR was $ 46.81 per PSU and was calculated using the Monte Carlo approach. ​ On January 2, 2020, the Compensation Committee also granted a total target number of 29,174 PSUs to our executive officers designated as “PSU – ROIC”. These PSUs were weighted as approximately 35 % of the overall 2020 executive long-term incentive compensation arrangement and will vest and be paid based upon the achievement of pre-established goals related to our average return on invested capital over the three-year period of fiscal 2020-2022. Participants will have the ability to earn between 50 % of the target number of the PSUs - ROIC for achieving threshold performance and 200 % of the target number of the PSUs - ROIC for achieving maximum performance. The grant date fair value of the PSUs – ROIC was based on the closing sales price of our common stock on the grant date, which was $ 37.79 per share. ​ On November 13, 2019, the Compensation Committee granted a total of 8,052 shares of time-based restricted stock to our non-executive employees. The restricted shares vest in thirds over three years from the date of grant provided the recipient remains employed through that date. The grant date fair value of the restricted shares was based upon the closing sales price of our common stock on the date of grant, which was $ 35.75 per share. ​ On March 14, 2019, the Compensation Committee granted a total of 11,824 shares of time–based restricted stock to our non–employee directors. The restricted shares vest in full one year from the date of grant provided the recipient remains on the board of directors through that date. The grant date fair value of the restricted shares was based on the closing sales price of our common stock on the grant date, which was $ 40.58 per share. On January 2, 2019, the Compensation Committee determined the degree to which the long–term incentive compensation arrangement approved for the fiscal 2016–2018 performance period was attained, and the resulting payout level relative to the target amount for each of the metrics that were established by the Compensation Committee in 2016. As a result, the Compensation Committee determined that a total of 32,559 performance shares were earned by our executive officers, which performance shares vested on January 2, 2019. The vesting date fair value of the performance shares was based on the closing sales price of our common stock on the vesting date, which was $ 36.08 per share. On January 2, 2019, the Compensation Committee also approved a long–term incentive compensation arrangement for our executive officers in the form of restricted shares and PSUs under the 2016 Equity Plan, which will be payable in shares of our common stock if earned and vested. The awards were approximately 25 % time–based vesting and approximately 75 % performance–based vesting. The three-year performance period for the PSUs is fiscal 2019 through fiscal 2021. On that date, the Compensation Committee granted a total of 21,825 shares of time–based restricted stock to our executive officers. The restricted shares vest in thirds over three years from the date of grant provided the recipient remains employed through that date. The grant date fair value of the restricted shares was based upon the closing sales price of our common stock on the date of grant, which was $ 36.08 per share. On January 2, 2019, the Compensation Committee also granted a total target number of 30,943 PSUs to our executive officers designated as “PSU – TSR”. These PSUs were weighted as approximately 40 % of the overall 2019 executive long–term incentive compensation arrangement and will vest and be paid based upon the total shareholder return of our common stock over the three-year period of fiscal 2019–2021, relative to the total shareholder return of the companies in 66 ​ a specified peer group over that period. Participants will have the ability to earn between 50 % of the target number of the PSUs – TSR for achieving threshold performance and 200 % of the target number of the PSUs – TSR for achieving maximum performance. The grant date fair value of the PSUs – TSR was $ 40.72 per PSU and was calculated using the Monte Carlo approach. On January 2, 2019, the Compensation Committee also granted a total target number of 30,557 PSUs to our executive officers designated as “PSU – ROIC”. These PSUs were weighted as approximately 35 % of the overall 2019 executive long–term incentive compensation arrangement and will vest and be paid based upon the achievement of pre–established goals related to our average return on invested capital over the three-year period of fiscal 2019–2021. Participants will have the ability to earn between 50 % of the target number of the PSUs – ROIC for achieving threshold performance and 200 % of the target number of the PSUs – ROIC for achieving maximum performance. The grant date fair value of the PSUs – ROIC was based on the closing sales price of our common stock on the grant date, which was $ 36.08 per share. On November 14, 2018, the Compensation Committee granted a total of 7,200 shares of time–based restricted stock to our non–executive employees. The restricted shares vest in thirds over three years from the date of grant provided the recipient remains employed through that date. The grant date fair value of the restricted shares was based upon the closing sales price of our common stock on the date of grant, which was $ 40.01 per share. On March 15, 2018, the Compensation Committee granted a total of 9,114 shares of time–based restricted stock to our non–employee directors. The restricted shares vest in full one year from the date of grant provided the recipient remains on the board of directors through that date. The grant date fair value of the restricted shares was based on the closing sales price of our common stock on the grant date, which was $ 46.05 per share. On January 3, 2018, the Compensation Committee determined the degree to which the long–term incentive compensation arrangement approved for the fiscal 2015–2017 performance period was attained, and the resulting payout level relative to the target amount for each of the metrics that were established by the Compensation Committee in 2015. As a result, the Compensation Committee determined that a total of 23,299 performance shares were earned by our executive officers, which performance shares vested on January 3, 2018. The vesting date fair value of the performance shares was based on the closing sales price of our common stock on the vesting date, which was $ 42.20 per share. All related stock–based compensation cost for these vested performance shares was expensed accordingly during the three-year performance period ended October 31, 2017. On January 3, 2018, the Compensation Committee also approved a long–term incentive compensation arrangement for our executive officers in the form of restricted shares and PSUs under the 2016 Equity Plan, which will be payable in shares of our common stock if earned and vested. The awards were 25 % time–based vesting and 75 % performance–based vesting. The three-year performance period for the PSUs is fiscal 2018 through fiscal 2020. On that date, the Compensation Committee granted a total of 14,810 shares of time–based restricted stock to our executive officers. The restricted shares vest in thirds over three years from the date of grant provided the recipient remains employed through that date. The grant date fair value of the restricted shares was based upon the closing sales price of our common stock on the date of grant, which was $ 42.20 per share. On January 3, 2018, the Compensation Committee also granted a total target number of 21,891 PSUs to our executive officers designated as “PSU – TSR”. These PSUs were weighted as approximately 40 % of the overall 2018 executive long–term incentive compensation arrangement and will vest and be paid based upon the total shareholder return of our common stock over the three-year period of fiscal 2018–2020, relative to the total shareholder return of the companies in a specified peer group over that period. Participants will have the ability to earn between 50 % of the target number of the PSUs – TSR for achieving threshold performance and 200 % of the target number of the PSUs – TSR for achieving maximum performance. The grant date fair value of the PSUs – TSR was $ 45.68 per PSU and was calculated using the Monte Carlo approach. On January 3, 2018, the Compensation Committee also granted a total target number of 20,734 PSUs to our executive officers designated as “PSU – ROIC”. These PSUs were weighted as approximately 35 % of the overall 2018 executive long–term incentive compensation arrangement and will vest and be paid based upon the achievement of pre–established 67 ​ goals related to our average return on invested capital over the three-year period of fiscal 2018–2020. Participants will have the ability to earn between 50 % of the target number of the PSUs – ROIC for achieving threshold performance and 200 % of the target number of the PSUs – ROIC for achieving maximum performance. The grant date fair value of the PSUs – ROIC was based on the closing sales price of our common stock on the grant date, which was $ 42.20 per share. On November 15, 2017, the Compensation Committee granted a total of 2,364 shares of time–based restricted stock to our non–executive employees. The restricted shares vest in thirds over three years from the date of grant provided the recipient remains employed through that date. The grant date fair value of the restricted shares was based upon the closing sales price of our common stock on the date of grant, which was $ 42.30 per share. A reconciliation of our restricted stock, performance share and PSU activity and related information is as follows: ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Weighted Average Grant ​ Number of Shares Date Fair Value Unvested at October 31, 2019 200,482 ​ $ 39.62 Shares or units granted 102,761 ​ 37.54 Shares or units vested ( 47,750 ) ​ 38.35 Shares or units cancelled ( 10,164 ) ​ 40.88 Shares withheld ( 13,369 ) ​ 37.38 Unvested at October 31, 2020 231,960 ​ $ 39.03 ​ During fiscal 2020, 2019, and 2018, we recorded approximately $ 2.1 million, $ 2.7 million, and $ 2.5 million, respectively, of stock–based compensation expense related to grants under the 2008 Equity Plan and the 2016 Equity Plan. As of October 31, 2020, there was an estimated $ 2.8 million of total unrecognized stock–based compensation cost that we expect to recognize by the end of the first quarter of fiscal 2023. ​ 10. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS As of October 31, 2020, we owned approximately 35 % of the outstanding shares of a Taiwanese–based contract manufacturer, Hurco Automation, Ltd. (“HAL”). HAL’s scope of activities includes the design, manufacture, sales, and distribution of industrial automation products, software systems, and related components, including control systems and components produced under contract for sale exclusively to us. We are accounting for this investment using the equity method. The investment of $ 4.4 million and $ 4.2 million at October 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, is included in Investments and other assets, net on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Purchases of controls from HAL amounted to $ 6.2 million, $ 8.5 million, and $ 11.3 million in fiscal 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Sales of control component parts to HAL were $ 265,000 , $ 198,000 and $ 197,000 for the fiscal years ended October 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. Trade payables to HAL were $ 1.3 million and $ 938,000 at October 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Trade receivables from HAL were $ 25,000 and $ 22,000 at October 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Summary unaudited financial information for HAL’s operations and financial condition is as follows (in thousands): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2020 2019 2018 Net Sales ​ $ 10,096 $ 15,957 ​ $ 17,841 Gross Profit ​ 1,418 ​ 2,322 ​ 2,944 Operating Income ​ 160 ​ 992 ​ 1,534 Net Income ​ 265 ​ 1,490 ​ 1,845 ​ ​ ​ ​ Current Assets ​ $ 12,436 $ 12,019 ​ $ 12,870 Non–current Assets ​ 6,152 ​ 5,560 ​ 4,579 Current Liabilities ​ 3,708 ​ 3,674 ​ 4,666 ​ ​ 68 ​ 11. CONTINGENCIES AND LITIGATION From time to time, we are involved in various claims and lawsuits arising in the normal course of business. Pursuant to applicable accounting rules, we accrue the minimum liability for each known claim when the estimated outcome is a range of possible loss and no one amount within that range is more likely than another. We maintain insurance policies for such matters, and we record insurance recoveries when we determine such recovery to be probable. We do not expect any of these claims, individually or in the aggregate, to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position or results of operations. We believe that the ultimate resolution of claims for any losses will not exceed our insurance policy coverages. ​ 12. GUARANTEES AND PRODUCT WARRANTIES From time to time, our subsidiaries guarantee third party payment obligations in connection with the sale of machines to customers that use financing. We follow FASB guidance for accounting for guarantees (codified in ASC 460). As of October 31, 2020, we had 14 outstanding third party payment guarantees totaling approximately $ 0.4 million. The terms of these guarantees are consistent with the underlying customer financing terms. Upon shipment of a machine, the customer assumes the risk of ownership. The customer does not obtain title, however, until it has paid for the machine. A retention of title clause allows us to recover the machine if the customer defaults on the financing. We accrue liabilities under these guarantees at fair value, which amounts are insignificant. We provide warranties on our products with respect to defects in material and workmanship. The terms of these warranties are generally one year for machines and shorter periods for service parts. We recognize a reserve with respect to this obligation at the time of product sale, with subsequent warranty claims recorded against the reserve. The amount of the warranty reserve is determined based on historical trend experience and any known warranty issues that could cause future warranty costs to differ from historical experience. A reconciliation of the changes in our warranty reserve for each of the last three fiscal years is as follows (in thousands): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2020 ​ 2019 ​ 2018 Balance, beginning of year ​ $ 1,760 $ 2,497 ​ $ 1,772 Provision for warranties during the year ​ 2,075 ​ 2,246 ​ 4,121 Charges to the accrual ​ ​ ( 2,669 ) ​ ( 2,991 ) ​ ( 3,326 ) Impact of foreign currency translation ​ 34 ​ 8 ​ ( 70 ) Balance, end of year ​ $ 1,200 $ 1,760 ​ $ 2,497 ​ The decreases in our warranty reserve from fiscal 2019 to fiscal 2020 and from fiscal 2018 to fiscal 2019 were primarily due to a decrease in the number of machines under warranty resulting from decreased sales volume. ​ 13. LEASES We adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, “Leases” (“ASC 842”) on November 1, 2019, the start of our 2020 fiscal year, and utilized the transition method allowed. Accordingly, comparative period financial information was not adjusted for the effects of adopting ASC 842 and no cumulative-effect adjustment was required to the opening balance of retained earnings on the adoption date. ​ Upon adoption of ASC 842, we utilized the following elections and practical expedients: ● We elected to combine non-lease components with lease components. ● If at the lease commencement date, a lease has a lease term of 12 months or less and does not include a purchase option that is reasonably certain to be exercised, we have elected not to apply ASC 842 recognition requirements. Nonetheless, we intend to include leases of less than 12 months within the updated footnote disclosures, if material. ● We elected not to use the portfolio method if we enter into a large number of leases in the same month with the same terms and conditions. 69 ​ ● As we have applied the new transition method allowed per ASU 2018-11, we have elected not to reassess arrangements entered into prior to November 1, 2019 for whether an arrangement is or contains a lease, the lease classification applied or to separate initial direct costs. ● We elected not to use hindsight in determining the lease term for lease contracts that have historically been renewed or amended. ​ Our lease portfolio includes leased production and assembly facilities, warehouses and distribution centers, office space, vehicles, material handling equipment utilized in our production and assembly facilities, laptops and other information technology equipment, as well as other miscellaneous leased equipment. Most of the leased production and assembly facilities have lease terms ranging from two to five years , although the terms and conditions of our leases can vary significantly from lease to lease. We have assessed the specific terms and conditions of each lease to determine the amount of the lease payments and the length of the lease term, which includes the minimum period over which lease payments are required plus any renewal options that are both within our control to exercise and reasonably certain of being exercised upon lease commencement. In determining whether or not a renewal option is reasonably certain of being exercised, we assessed all relevant factors to determine if sufficient incentives exist as of lease commencement to conclude renewal is reasonably certain. There are no material residual value guarantees provided by us, nor any restrictions or covenants imposed by the leases to which we are a party. In determining the lease liability, we utilize our incremental borrowing rate to discount the future lease payments over the lease term to present value. ​ We record a right-of-use asset and lease liability on our Consolidated Balance Sheets for all leases for which we are a lessee, in accordance with ASC 842. We are a lessor in a small number of lease agreements associated with our automation integration equipment for which the impact to our consolidated financial statements is immaterial. All our leases for which we are a lessee are classified as operating leases under the guidance in Topic 840. ​ We recorded total operating lease expense for the fiscal years ended October 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 of $ 5.0 million, $ 5.1 million, and $ 4.5 million, respectively, which is classified within Cost of sales and service and Selling, general and administrative expenses within the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Operating lease expense includes short-term leases and variable lease payments which are immaterial. There have been no cost to obtain leases capitalized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of October 31, 2020. ​ The following table summarizes supplemental cash flow information and non-cash activity related to operating leases for fiscal 2020 (in thousands): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Operating cash flow information: ​ ​ ​ Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities ​ $ 4,892 Noncash information: ​ ​ ​ Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities ​ $ 2,600 ​ The following table summarizes the maturities of lease commitments as of October 31, 2019, prior to the adoption of the new lease guidance, as previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2019 (in thousands): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2020 $ 4,015 2021 3,149 2022 2,224 2023 1,482 2024 and thereafter 2,531 Total $ 13,401 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 70 ​ The following table summarizes the maturities of undiscounted cash flows of lease commitments reconciled to the total lease liability as of October 31, 2020 (in thousands): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2021 $ 4,286 2022 3,124 2023 1,913 2024 913 2025 ​ ​ 666 2026 and thereafter 1,579 Total 12,481 Less: Imputed interest ​ ​ ( 360 ) Present value of operating lease liabilities ​ $ 12,121 ​ As of October 31, 2020, the weighted-average remaining term of our lease portfolio was approximately 4.4 years and the weighted-average discount rate was approximately 1.5 %. ​ 14. QUARTERLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION (Unaudited) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ First ​ Second ​ Third ​ Fourth ​ Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter 2020 (In thousands, except per share data) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Sales and service fees ​ $ 43,660 $ 37,126 $ 45,382 $ 44,459 Gross profit ​ 9,159 6,709 11,069 9,520 Gross profit margin ​ 21 % 18 % 24 % 21 % Selling, general and administrative expenses ​ 10,846 10,599 9,627 10,344 Goodwill impairment ​ ​ — ​ ​ — ​ ​ — ​ ​ 4,903 ​ Operating income (loss) ​ ( 1,687 ) ( 3,890 ) 1,442 ( 5,727 ) Provision (benefit) for income taxes ​ ( 597 ) ( 765 ) ( 937 ) ( 2,257 ) Net income (loss) ​ ( 893 ) ( 3,927 ) 2,162 ( 3,589 ) Income (loss) per common share – basic ​ $ ( 0.13 ) $ ( 0.58 ) $ 0.32 $ ( 0.54 ) Income (loss) per common share – diluted ​ $ ( 0.13 ) $ ( 0.58 ) $ 0.32 $ ( 0.54 ) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ First ​ Second ​ Third ​ Fourth ​ Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter 2019 (In thousands, except per share data) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Sales and service fees ​ $ 74,213 $ 70,674 $ 58,501 $ 59,989 Gross profit ​ 22,142 21,637 17,189 16,240 Gross profit margin ​ 30 % 31 % 29 % 27 % Selling, general and administrative expenses ​ 13,914 14,111 12,592 14,051 Operating income ​ 8,228 7,526 4,597 2,189 Provision (benefit) for income taxes ​ 2,453 2,481 1,155 ( 260 ) Net income ​ 6,654 5,252 3,491 2,098 Income per common share – basic ​ $ 0.98 $ 0.77 $ 0.51 $ 0.31 Income per common share – diluted ​ $ 0.97 $ 0.76 $ 0.51 $ 0.31 ​ ​ 15. SEGMENT INFORMATION We operate in a single segment: industrial automation equipment. We design, manufacture, and sell computerized (i.e., Computer Numeric Control) machine tools, consisting primarily of vertical machining centers (mills) and turning centers (lathes), to companies in the metal cutting industry through a worldwide sales, service and distribution network. Although the majority of our computer control systems and software products are proprietary, they predominantly use industry standard personal computer components. Our computer control systems and software products are primarily sold as integral components of our computerized machine tool products. We also provide machine tool components, automation integration equipment and solutions for job shops, software options, control upgrades, accessories and replacement parts for our products, as well as customer service, training, and applications support. 71 ​ We principally sell our products through more than 200 independent agents and distributors throughout the Americas, Europe and Asia. Our line is the primary line for the majority of our distributors globally even though some may carry competitive products. We also have our own direct sales and service organizations in China, France, Germany, India, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Singapore, Taiwan, the United Kingdom, and certain areas of the United States, which are among the world's principal machine tool consuming countries. During fiscal 2020, no distributor accounted for more than 5% of our sales and service fees . In fiscal 2020, approximately 61 % of our revenues were from customers located outside of the Americas, and no single end-user of our products accounted for more than 5% of our total sales and service fees. The following table sets forth the contribution of each of our product groups and services to our total sales and service fees during each of the past three fiscal years (in thousands): Net Sales and Service Fees by Product Category ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Year ended October 31, ​ 2020 2019 2018 Computerized Machine Tools ​ $ 139,577 $ 223,735 ​ $ 261,710 Computer Control Systems and Software † ​ 1,699 ​ 2,818 ​ 2,870 Service Parts ​ 22,484 ​ 27,854 ​ 27,501 Service Fees ​ 6,867 ​ 8,970 ​ 8,590 Total ​ $ 170,627 $ 263,377 ​ $ 300,671 † Amounts shown do not include computer control systems and software sold as an integrated component of computerized machine systems. The following table sets forth revenues by geographic area, based on customer location, for each of the past three fiscal years (in thousands): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Year Ended October 31, ​ 2020 2019 2018 United States of America ​ $ 64,500 $ 95,196 ​ $ 87,231 Canada ​ 1,621 ​ 2,580 ​ 2,915 Central & South Americas ​ 1,543 ​ 1,409 ​ 2,194 Total Americas ​ 67,664 ​ 99,185 ​ 92,340 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Germany ​ 24,993 ​ 52,002 ​ 62,346 United Kingdom ​ 19,679 ​ 29,349 ​ 34,216 Italy ​ 8,599 ​ 14,772 ​ 16,691 France ​ 10,797 ​ 14,346 ​ 15,815 Other Europe ​ 14,034 ​ 20,028 ​ 32,034 Total Europe ​ 78,102 ​ 130,497 ​ 161,102 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ China ​ 14,225 ​ 15,706 ​ 27,748 Other Asia Pacific ​ 10,048 ​ 16,858 ​ 17,937 Total Asia Pacific ​ 24,273 ​ 32,564 ​ 45,685 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Other Foreign ​ 588 ​ 1,131 ​ 1,544 Grand Total ​ $ 170,627 $ 263,377 ​ $ 300,671 ​ Long–lived tangible assets, net by geographic area, were (in thousands): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ As of October 31, ​ 2020 2019 2018 United States of America ​ $ 6,826 $ 7,967 ​ $ 8,375 Foreign countries ​ 7,059 ​ 8,006 ​ 6,617 ​ ​ $ 13,885 $ 15,973 ​ $ 14,992 ​ 72 ​ Net assets by geographic area were (in thousands): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ As of October 31, ​ 2020 2019 2018 Americas ​ $ 83,214 $ 103,863 ​ $ 96,348 Europe ​ 77,840 ​ 71,411 ​ 74,558 Asia Pacific ​ 70,094 ​ 64,971 ​ 51,947 ​ ​ $ 231,148 $ 240,245 ​ $ 222,853 ​ ​ 16. NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements: Between February 2016 and February 2019, FASB issued ASC 842, and various related updates, which establish a comprehensive new lease accounting model. ASC 842 clarifies the definition of a lease, requires a dual approach to lease classification similar to previous lease classifications, and requires lessees to recognize leases on the balance sheet as a lease liability with a corresponding right-of-use asset for leases with a lease-term of more than twelve months. Under ASC 842, the income statement reflects lease expense for operating leases and amortization/interest expense for financing leases. ​ ASC 842 was effective for our fiscal year 2020, including interim periods within the fiscal year, and requires modified retrospective application. We adopted ASC 842 on November 1, 2019 utilizing the transition method allowed per ASU 2018-11, and accordingly, comparative period financial information was not adjusted for the effects of adopting ASC 842 and no cumulative-effect adjustment was required to the opening balance of retained earnings on the adoption date. See Note 13 of these Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information. ​ In August 2017, FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities , which simplifies the application of hedge accounting and enables companies to better portray the economics of their risk management activities in their financial statements . ASU 2017-12 was effective for our fiscal year 2020, including interim periods within the fiscal year, and requires modified retrospective application. We adopted this standard on November 1, 2019. This standard did not have a significant effect on our accounting policies or on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. In February 2018, FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02, Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income , which will allow a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for the tax effects resulting from the Tax Reform Act that are stranded in accumulated other comprehensive income. This standard also requires certain disclosures about stranded tax effects. This ASU, however, does not change the underlying guidance that requires the effect of a change in tax laws or rates be included in income from continuing operations. ASU 2018-02 became effective for our fiscal year 2020 and we adopted this standard on November 1, 2019. This standard did not have a significant effect on our accounting policies or on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. New Accounting Pronouncements: In June 2016, FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments . This standard modifies the impairment model by requiring entities to use a forward-looking approach based on expected losses to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments, including trade receivables. This may result in the earlier recognition of allowances for losses. This standard is effective for our fiscal year 2021. We do not anticipate that the adoption of this ASU will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. ​ In December 2019, FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, which allows for companies to remove certain exceptions and clarifies certain requirements regarding franchise taxes, goodwill, consolidated tax expenses, and annual effective tax rate calculations. This standard is effective for our 73 ​ fiscal year 2022, with early adoption permitted. We are assessing the impact this new accounting standard will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. ​ In March 2020, FASB issued ASU No. 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) - Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. This standard provides temporary optional expedients and exceptions to the GAAP guidance on contract modifications and hedge accounting to ease the financial reporting burdens of the expected market transition from LIBOR and other interbank offered rates to alternative reference rates, such as SOFR. This standard is effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. We are assessing the impact this new accounting standard will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. ​ There have been no other significant changes in the Company’s critical accounting policies and estimates during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2020. ​ ​ Item 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE None. ​