10-Q
1
aogn123115form10q.htm
FORM 10-Q
UNITED
STATES
SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington,
D.C. 20549
____________
FORM
10-Q
____________
☒
QUARTERLY REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For
the quarterly period ended December 31, 2015
Or
☐
TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For
the transition period from ___________ to ___________
Commission
File Number : 1-12850
AVALON
OIL & GAS, INC.
(Exact
Name of Small Business Issuer as specified in its charter)
Nevada
84-1168832
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. employer
identification no.)
310
Fourth Avenue South, Suite 7000
Minneapolis,
MN 55415
(Address
of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant's
telephone number, including area code:
(952)
746-9652
Indicate
by check mark whether the Issuer:
(1)
Has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act during the past 12 months (or for such
shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports): Yes ☒ No
☐
(2)
Has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive
Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such
shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller
reporting company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting
company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large Accelerated Filer
☐
Accelerated Filer
☐
Non-Accelerated Filer
☐
Smaller Reporting Company
☒
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No
☒
18,198,062 shares
of our common stock were issued and outstanding as of February 16, 2016.
1
Table
of Contents
PART
I FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Page
Item 1.
Financial Statements
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December
31, 2015 (Unaudited) and March 31, 2015
3
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2015 (Unaudited) and March
31, 2015 (continued)
4
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the
Three and Nine Months ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 (Unaudited)
5
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the
Nine Months ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 (Unaudited)
6
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the Nine Months ended December 31, 2015 and 2014
(Unaudited) (continued)
7
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
8
Item 2.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operation
22
Item 3.
Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosures About
Market Risk
28
Item 4.
Controls and Procedures
28
PART II OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.
Legal Proceedings
28
Item 2.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and
Use of Proceeds
28
Item 3.
Defaults upon Senior Securities
28
Item 4.
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security
Holders
29
Item 5.
Other Information
29
Item 6.
Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K
29
Signatures
30
2
Avalon Oil & Gas, Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Unaudited)
December
31,
March
31,
2015
2015
Assets
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
$ 135,474
$ 135,713
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful
accounts of $0 and $0
29,817
33,344
Notes receivable
10,000
11,429
Deposits and prepaid expenses
392,269
368,946
Receivables from joint interests,
net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $133,209 and $131,236
20,000
20,000
Total current assets
587,560
569,432
Property and equipment, net
14,726
18,125
Unproven oil & gas properties
1,867,183
1,867,183
Producing oil & gas properties, net
221,944
239,283
Intellectual property rights,
net
21,296
53,234
Total Assets
$ 2,712,709
$ 2,747,257
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these
financial statements.
3
Avalon Oil & Gas, Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Continued)
December
31,
March
31,
2015
2015
(Unaudited)
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
159,781
433,751
Accrued payroll - related parties
200,562
211,317
Dividends payable
160,388
32,950
Accrued liabilities to joint interest
9,965
10,567
Notes payable - related party
20,000
20,000
Notes payable
149,200
224,300
Total current liabilities
699,896
932,885
Accrued asset retirement obligation
(ARO) liability
133,537
124,220
Total Liabilities
833,433
1,057,105
Stockholders' Equity
Preferred stock, 1,000,000 authorized
Preferred stock, Series
A, $.10 par value, 100 shares authorized; 100 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015, respectively
liquidation preference of $537,950 and $532,950 as of December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015, respectively
10
10
Preferred stock, Series
B, $.10 par value, 2,000 shares authorized; 1,960 and 1,625 shares issued and outstanding liquidation preference of $2,080,938 and
$1,625,000 as of December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015, .respectively
199
164
AFS Holdings, Inc. (Subsidiary):
Preferred stock, Series
A, $.001 par value, 1,000 shares authorized; 50 shares and 0 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2015 and March
31, 2015 respectively liquidation preference of $51,500 and $-0- as of December 31, 2015 and March 31,
2015, .respectively
—
—
Common stock, $.001
par value: 200,000,000 shares authorized 18,198,062 and 16,548,062 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2015 and
March 31, 2015, respectively
18,199
16,549
Additional paid in capital
33,021,617
32,572,302
Accumulated deficit
(31,161,869 )
(30,898,873 )
Total Avalon Oil & Gas Inc. Stockholders'
Equity
1,878,156
1,690,152
Non-controlling interest
1,120
—
Total Liabilities and Equity
$ 2,712,709
$ 2,747,257
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these
financial statements.
4
Avalon Oil & Gas, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
For
the Three
For
the Three
For
the Nine
For
the Nine
Months
ended
Months
ended
Months
ended
Months
ended
December
31, 2015
December
31, 2014
December
31, 2015
December
31, 2014
(Unaudited)
(Unaudited)
(Unaudited)
(Unaudited)
Oil & Gas Sales
$ 24,743
$ 46,991
$ 48,647
$ 109,925
Operating expenses:
Lease operating expense, severance taxes and ARO accretion
35,075
39,467
61,981
78,260
Selling, general and administrative expenses
102,598
67,469
266,353
245,149
Stock based compensation
10,011
2,121
38,677
16,121
Depreciation, depletion, and amortization
18,848
24,403
50,504
64,635
Total operating expenses
166,532
133,460
417,515
404,165
Operating loss
(141,789 )
(86,469 )
(368,868 )
(294,240 )
Other income (expense):
Other miscellaneous income
—
—
—
10,100
Gain on extinquishment of notes payable
12,930
207,500
257,902
207,500
Interest income (expense), net
(526 )
(11,054 )
409
(32,375 )
Total other income (expense)
12,404
196,446
258,311
185,225
Income (loss) before income tax
(129,385 )
109,977
(110,557 )
(109,015 )
Provision for income taxes
—
—
—
—
Net income (loss)
$ (129,385 )
$ 109,977
$ (110,557 )
$ (109,015 )
Preferred stock dividends
$ (53,688 )
$ (46,938 )
$ (152,438 )
$ (127,911 )
Net loss attributable to common shareholders
$ (183,073 )
$ 63,039
$ (262,995 )
$ (236,926 )
Net loss per share - basic
(0.010 )
0.005
(0.015 )
(0.020 )
Net loss per share - diluted
(0.010 )
0.005
(0.015 )
(0.020 )
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic
17,893,714
12,343,932
17,424,971
12,003,153
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted
17,893,714
22,015,973
17,424,971
12,003,153
The accompanying notes are an integral
part of these financial statements.
5
Avalon Oil & Gas, Inc.
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
(Unaudited)
For
the Nine
For
the Nine
Months
ended
Months
ended
December
31, 2015
December
31, 2014
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss
$ (110,557 )
$ (109,015 )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating
activities:
Stock issued for services
12,720
16,121
Common stock issued for licenses
15,000
Non-cash consulting services
26,677
—
(Gain) on forgiveness of debt
(257,902 )
(207,500 )
(Gain) on forgiveness of interest payable
(14,246 )
—
Stock issued for reduction of interest
on note payable
—
90,000
Depreciation
3,399
3,399
Depletion
15,167
29,299
Depreciation and ARO liability
2,172
2,172
Amortization of intangible assets
31,938
31,937
Net change in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable
3,527
(9,187 )
Accounts payable and other accrued expenses
5,724
(43,503 )
Asset retirement obligation
9,317
8,470
Net cash (used) in operating
activities
(272,064 )
(172,807 )
Cash flows from investing activities:
Deposit on the purchase of additional assets
—
22,657
Acquisition of oil producing assets
—
(120,000 )
Acquisition of property and equipment
—
(22,657 )
Principal payments received
on notes receivable
1,428
7,142
Net cash provided by (used
in ) investing activities
1,428
(112,858 )
Cash flows from financing activities:
Notes payable
(15,000 )
60,000
Non-Controlling Interest stock sale
400
—
Series B Preferred Stock issued for cash
310,000
175,000
Dividends paid
(25,000 )
(55,000 )
Net cash provided by financing
activities
270,400
180,000
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these
financial statements.
6
Avalon Oil & Gas, Inc.
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows (Continued)
(Unaudited)
(Unaudited)
For
the Nine
For
the Nine
Months
ended
Months
ended
December
31, 2015
December
31, 2014
Net (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
(236 )
(105,665 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of
period
135,713
223,914
Cash and cash equivalents
at end of period
$ 135,477
$ 118,249
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest
$ —
$ —
Taxes
$ —
$ —
Common stock issued in exchange for consulting services
$ 12,720
$ 99,000
Preferred stock issued in exchange for consulting services
$ —
$ 15,000
Common stock issued in exchange for licenses
$ 12,000
$ 15,000
Common stock issued for extinguishment of
note payable,
$ 28,000
$ —
accrued interest, and assumption
of debt
$ 26,000
$ 32,500
Note payable issued for payment of accounts
payable
$ 5,000
$ —
Preferred stock issued for extinguishment
of note payable, accrued interest, and assumption of debt
$ 25,000
$ 50,000
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these
financial statements.
7
AVALON
OIL & GAS, INC.
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2015
(Unaudited)
NOTE
1: DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Nature
of Operations
Avalon
Oil & Gas, Inc. (the "Company") was originally incorporated in Colorado in April 1991 under the name Snow Runner
(USA), Inc. The Company was the general partner of Snow Runner (USA) Ltd.; a Colorado limited partnership to sell proprietary
snow skates under the name "Sled Dogs" which was dissolved in August 1992. In late 1993, the Company relocated its operations
to Minnesota and in January 1994 changed our name to Snow Runner, Inc. In November 1994 we changed our name to the Sled Dogs Company.
On November 5, 1997, we filed for protection under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. In September 1998, we emerged from
protection of Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. In May, 1999, we changed our state of domicile to Nevada and our name to
XDOGS.COM, Inc. On July 22, 2005, the Board of Directors and a majority of the Company's shareholders approved an amendment to
our Articles of Incorporation to change the Company's name to Avalon Oil & Gas, Inc., and to increase the authorized number
of shares of our common stock from 200,000,000 shares to 1,000,000,000 shares par value of $0.001, and engage in the acquisition
of producing oil and gas properties. On November 16, 2011, a majority of the Company's shareholders approved an amendment
to our Articles of Incorporation to increase the authorized number of shares of our common stock from 1,000,000,000 shares to
3,000,000,000 shares par value of $0.001.
On
June 4, 2012 the Board of Directors approved an amendment to our Articles of Incorporation to a reverse split of the issued and
outstanding shares of Common Stock of the Corporation (“Shares”) such that each holder of Shares as of the record
date of June 4, 2012 shall receive one (1) post-split Share on the effective date of June 4, 2012 for each three hundred (300)
Shares owned. The reverse split was effective on July 23, 2012. On September 28, 2012, we held a special
meeting of Avalon’s shareholders and approved an amendment to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation such that the
Company would be authorized to issue up to 200,000,000 shares of common stock. We filed an amendment with the Nevada
Secretary of State on April 10, 2013, to increase our authorized shares to 200,000,000.
The
Company is currently in the process of raising funds to acquire oil and gas properties and related oilfield technologies, which
the Company plans to develop into commercial applications.
On
September 22, 2007 the Company entered into an agreement with respect to its purchase of a 75.6% interest in Oiltek, Inc. (Oiltek)
for $50,000 and the right of Oiltek to market Avalon's intellectual property.
On
March 19, 2014, the Company formed Weyer Partners, LLC, (“Weyer”) a one hundred percent (100%) wholly owned Minnesota
Corporation. Weyer Partners, LLC, was formed to operate oil and gas properties in Oklahoma and Texas. Weyer is consolidated in
these financial statements.
On
May 9, 2014, the Company formed AFS Holdings, Inc., (“AFS”) a Nevada Corporation. As of December 31, 2015 the Company
owns 91.5% of the outstanding common shares of AFS Holding, Inc. AFS was formed to leverage the Company’s relationship with
IP TechEx, and market technology licensed from IP TechEx. AFS is consolidated in these financial statements.
On
June 1, 2015, AFS entered into a technology license agreement with Avalon Oil & Gas, Inc., a related party majority shareholder
of AFS. Under the terms of the agreement, AFS shall pay to Avalon Oil & Gas, Inc. $300,000 no later than December 31, 2015
together with 5% of the gross receipts received by AFS for the use of the licensed technology. The Company consolidates AFS’s
assets, liabilities, income and expenses and inter-company transactions were eliminated for purposes of these financial statements.
On June 10, 2015, AFS sold 3,000,000 shares of Common Stock to the Company for $10,000 and 100,000 shares to the Directors of
the Company for $400.
8
AVALON
OIL & GAS, INC.
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2015
(Unaudited)
On
October 5, 2015, the Articles of Incorporation of AFS were amended. Pursuant to the amended articles of incorporation, AFS is
authorized to issue 250,000,000 shares of common stock, each having a par value of $0.001, with each share of common stock entitled
to one vote for all matters on which a shareholder vote is required or requested. AFS was also authorized to issue 5,000,000 shares
of Preferred Stock, par value $0.001, of which 1,000 shares were designated as Series A Preferred Stock.
On
October 23, 2015, AFS filed a registration statement on Form S-1 with the Securities and Exchange Commission, in order to register
shares to be sold by AFS. On December 7, 2015, we received the first set of comments on the Form S-1 that we filed on October
23, 2015. We responded to these comments on December 16, 2015. We received a second set of comments on December 29, 2015. We responded
to these comments on January 13, 2016. We received a third set of comments on January 27, 2016 and responded to these comments
on January 29, 2016. We have not received any other comments and the registration statement is not yet effective.
Principles
of consolidation
The
consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and the Company’s subsidiary’s Oiltek, Inc.,
AFS Holdings, Inc., and Weyer Partners, LLC. All significant inter-company items have been eliminated in consolidation.
Basis
of Preparation of Financial Statements
The
accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q. They do not include all of the
information and footnotes required by Accounting Principles generally accepted accounting principles in United States America
(“US GAAP”) for complete financial statements and related notes. The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial
statements and related notes should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company and
notes thereto for the year ended March 31, 2015.
In
the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (which include
only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the balance sheets of Avalon Oil and Gas Inc. and subsidiaries
as of December 31, 2015 and the results of their operations and cash flows for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2015
and 2014, and are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the entire year.
Going
Concern
The
December 31, 2015, consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern.
However, the Company has incurred a loss of $31,161,869 from inception through December 31, 2015, and has a working capital deficiency of
$112,336 and stockholders’ equity of $1,878,156 as of December 31, 2015. These conditions raise substantial doubt about
the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern. The Company currently has minimal revenue generating operations and
expects to incur substantial operating expenses in order to expand its business. As a result, the Company expects to incur operating
losses for the foreseeable future. The Company will continue to seek equity and debt financing to meet our operating
losses. The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might become necessary should the
Company be unable to continue as a going concern.
Use
of Estimates
The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles generally accepted in the United
States of America requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial
statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions.
9
AVALON
OIL & GAS, INC.
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2015
(Unaudited)
Basis
of Accounting
The
Company's financial statements are prepared using the accrual method of accounting. Revenues are recognized when earned and expenses
when incurred.
Cash
and Cash Equivalents
Cash
and cash equivalents consist primarily of cash on deposit, certificates of deposit, money market accounts, and investment grade
commercial paper that are readily convertible into cash and purchased with original maturities of three months or less. The Company
maintains its cash balances at several financial institutions. Accounts at the institutions are insured by the Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation up to $250,000.
Fair
Value of Financial Instruments
The
Company's financial instruments are cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, notes payable, notes receivable
and long-term debt. The recorded values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable approximate their
fair values based on their short-term nature. The recorded values of notes payable, notes receivable and long-term debt approximate
their fair values, as interest approximates market rates.
Accounts
Receivable and Receivables from the Joint Interest
Management
periodically assesses the collectability of the Company's accounts receivable and receivables from the Joint Interest. Accounts
determined to be uncollectible are charged to operations when that determination is made. The Company had an allowance for receivables
from the Joint Interest of $133,209 and $131,236 as of December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015.
Oil
and Natural Gas Properties
The
Company follows the full cost method of accounting for natural gas and oil properties. Under the full cost concept,
all costs incurred in acquiring, exploring, and developing properties cost center are capitalized when incurred and are amortized
as mineral reserves in the cost center are produced, subject to a limitation that the capitalized costs not exceed the value of
those reserves. The unamortized costs relating to a property that is surrendered, abandoned, or otherwise disposed
of are accounted for as an adjustment of accumulated amortization, rather than as a gain or loss that enters into the determination
of net income, until all of the properties constituting the amortization base are disposed of, at which point gain or loss
is recognized. All acquisition, exploration, and development costs are capitalized. The Company capitalizes all internal costs,
including: salaries and related fringe benefits of employees directly engaged in the acquisition, exploration and development
of natural gas and oil properties, as well as other identifiable general and administrative costs associated with such activities. During
the three month and nine month periods ended December 31, 2015, no acquisition costs were capitalized. Oil and natural gas
properties are reviewed for recoverability at least annually or when events or changes in circumstances indicate that its carrying
value may exceed future undiscounted cash inflows. As of December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015, the Company had not identified
any such impairment.
Property
and Equipment, net
Property
and equipment is reviewed for recoverability when events or changes in circumstances indicate that its carrying value may exceed
future undiscounted cash inflows. As of December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015, the Company had not identified any such impairment.
Repairs and maintenance are charged to operations when incurred and improvements and renewals are capitalized.
10
AVALON
OIL & GAS, INC.
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2015
(Unaudited)
Property
and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method for financial reporting purposes and
accelerated methods for tax purposes.
Their
estimated useful lives are as follows:
Office Equipment:
5-7 Years
Vehicles
5 Years
Asset
Retirement Obligations
In
accordance with the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board “FASB” Accounting Standard Codification “ASC”
410-20-15, “Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations”, the Company records the fair value of its liability for
asset retirement obligations in the period in which it is incurred and a corresponding increase in the carrying amount of the
related long live assets. Over time, the liability is accreted to its present value at the end of each reporting period, and the
capitalized cost is depreciated over the useful life of the related assets. Upon settlement of the liability, the Company will
either settle the obligation for its recorded amount or incur a gain or loss upon settlement. The Company's asset retirement obligations
relate to the plugging and abandonment of its oil properties.
Intellectual
Property Rights, net
The
cost of licensed technologies acquired is capitalized and will be amortized over the shorter of the term of the licensing agreement
or the remaining life of the underlying patents.
The
Company evaluates recoverability of identifiable intangible assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that intangible
assets carrying amount may not be recoverable. Such circumstances include, but are not limited to: (1) a significant decrease
in the market value of an asset, (2) a significant adverse change in the extent or manner in which an asset is used, or (3) an
accumulation of cost significantly in excess of the amount originally expected for the acquisition of an asset. The Company measures
the carrying amount of the assets against the estimated undiscounted future cash flows associated with it.
There
was not any impairment loss for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2015 and 2014.
Should
the sum of the expected cash flows be less than the carrying amount of assets being evaluated, an impairment loss would be recognized.
The impairment loss would be calculated as the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets, exceed fair value. Estimated
amortization of intangible assets over the next five years is as follows:
March 31,
2016
$
10,646
2017
10,650
$
21,296
11
AVALON
OIL & GAS, INC.
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2015
(Unaudited)
Stock
Based Compensation
Share
awards granted to employees and independent directors are accounted for under ASC 718, "Share-Based Payment". ASC 718-10
eliminates accounting for share-based compensation transaction using the intrinsic value method and requires instead that such
transactions be accounted for using a fair-value-based method. The Company has elected to adopt the provisions of ASC 718-10 effective
January 1, 2006, under the modified prospective transition method, in which compensation cost was recognized beginning with the
effective date (a) based on the requirements of ASC 718-10 for all share-based payments granted after the effective date and (b)
based on the requirements of ASC 718-10 for all awards granted to employees prior to the effective date of ASC 718-10 that remain
unvested on the effective date.
The
Company records share-based compensation expense for awards granted to non-employees in exchange for services at fair value in
accordance with the provisions of ASC 505-50, "Equity Based" payment to non-employees. For the awards granted to non-employees,
the Company will record compensation expenses equal to the fair value of the share options at the measurement date, which is determined
to be the earlier of the performance commitment date or the service completion date.
Warrants
The
value of warrants issued is recorded at their fair values as determined by use of a Black Scholes Model at such time or over such
periods as the warrants vest.
Non-controlling interest
The
Company accounts for non-controlling interest in accordance with ASC Topic 810-10-45, which requires the Company to present non-controlling
interests as a separate component of total shareholders’ equity on the consolidated balance sheet and the consolidated net
income attributable to the parent and the non-controlling interest be clearly identified and presented on the face of the consolidated
income and comprehensive income statement. ASC Topic 810-10-45 also requires that losses attributable to the parent and the non-controlling
interest in a subsidiary be attributed to those interests even if it results in a deficit non-controlling interest balance.
Earnings
(loss) per Common Share
ASC
260-10-45, “Earnings Per Share”, requires presentation of "basic" and "diluted" earnings per share
on the face of the statements of operations for all entities with complex capital structures. Basic earnings per share are computed
by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share
reflect the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted
during the period. Dilutive securities having an anti-dilutive effect on diluted earnings per share are excluded from the calculation.
When the Company is in loss position, no dilutive effect is considered.
Income
Taxes
Deferred
tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement
carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets, including tax loss and
credit carry forwards, and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in
which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of
a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. Deferred income tax expense represents
the change during the period in the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities. The components of the deferred tax assets
and liabilities are individually classified as current and non-current based on their characteristics. Deferred tax assets are
reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the
deferred tax assets will not be realized.
ASC
740-10-25, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes”, is intended to clarify the accounting for uncertainty in
income taxes recognized in a company's financial statements and prescribes the recognition and measurement of a tax position taken
or expected to be taken in a tax return. ASC 740-10-25 also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and
penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition.
12
AVALON
OIL & GAS, INC.
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2015
(Unaudited)
Under
ASC 740-10-25, evaluation of a tax position is a two-step process. The first step is to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not
that a tax position will be sustained upon examination, including the resolution of any related appeals or litigation based on
the technical merits of that position. The second step is to measure a tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not threshold
to determine the amount of benefit to be recognized in the financial statements. A tax position is measured at the largest amount
of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement.
Tax
positions that previously failed to meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold should be recognized in the first subsequent period
in which the threshold is met. Previously recognized tax positions that no longer meet the more-likely-than-not criteria should
be de-recognized in the first subsequent financial reporting period in which the threshold is no longer met.
Revenue
Recognition
In
accordance with the requirements ASC topic 605 "Revenue Recognition", revenues are recognized at such time as (1) persuasive
evidence of an arrangement exists, (2) delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, (3) the seller's price to the buyer
is fixed or determinable and (4) collectability is reasonably assured. Specifically, oil and gas sales are recognized as income
at such time as the oil and gas are delivered to a viable third party purchaser at an agreed price. Interest income is recognized
as it is earned.
Recently
Issued Accounting Pronouncements
Management
does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective accounting standards if currently adopted could have a material
effect on the accompanying financial statements.
NOTE
2: RECEIVABLE FROM JOINT INTERESTS
The
Company is the operator of certain wells acquired in the Expanded Bedford Agreement (see note 4). Pursuant to an operating
agreement (the “Operating Agreement”), the Company charges the other owners of the Grace Wells for their pro-rata
share of operating and workover expenses. These receivables are carried on the Company’s balance sheet as Receivable
from Joint Interests. At December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015, the amounts of these receivables are $153,209 and $151,236,
respectively. As of December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015, the Company deemed the collectability of the receivable from joint
interests in the amount of $133,209 and $131,236, respectively as unlikely and reserved for $133,209 and $131,236, respectively.
NOTE
3: DEPOSITS AND PREPAID EXPENSES
The
Company previously advanced $279,400 toward the purchase of properties.
In
2014 the Company had prepaid consulting fees in the amount of $100,000 which is being amortized over 36 months. And in November
2015 the Company had prepaid consulting fees in the amount of $50,000 which is being amortized over 48 months. Amortization through
December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015 was $37,131 and $10,454, respectively.
December
31, 2015
March
31, 2015
Deposits on wells
$
279,400
$
279,400
Prepaid consulting
fees
150,000
100,000
429,400
379,400
Less: Accumulated
amortization on prepaid fees
(37,131
)
(10,454
)
Total
$
392,269
$
368,946
13
AVALON
OIL & GAS, INC.
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2015
(Unaudited)
NOTE
4: PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET
A
summary of property and equipment at December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015 is as follows:
December
31, 2015
March
31, 2015
Office Equipment
$
41,778
$
41,778
Vehicles
22,657
22,657
64,435
64,435
Less: Accumulated
depreciation
(49,709
)
(46,310
)
Total
$
14,726
$
18,125
Depreciation
expense for the three months periods ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 was $1,133 and $1,133, respectively.
Depreciation
expense for the nine months periods ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 was $3,399 and $3,399, respectively.
NOTE
5: INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS, NET
A
summary of the intellectual property rights at December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015, are as follows:
December 31,
2015
March
31,
2015
(Unaudited)
Ultrasonic Mitigation Technology
$
425,850
$
425,850
Less: accumulated
amortization
(404,554
)
(372,616
)
Total
$
21,296
$
53,234
Amortization
expense for the three months periods ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 was $10,646 and $10,646, respectively.
Amortization
expense for the nine months periods ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 was $31,938 and $31,938, respectively.
NOTE 6:
OIL AND GAS PROPERTY ACTIVITY
The
table below shows the Company’s working interests in the Grace Wells as of December 31, 2015. There were not
any additional acquisitions during the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2015.
Well
Working
Interest
Grace #1
65.25
%
Grace #2
55.75
%
Grace #3
64.00
%
Grace #5A
52.00
%
Grace #6
58.00
%
14
AVALON
OIL & GAS, INC.
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2015
(Unaudited)
NOTE 6:
OIL AND GAS PROPERTY ACTIVITY (Continued)
Producing
oil and gas properties consist of the following at December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015:
December
31, 2015
March
31, 2015
(Unaudited)
Lincoln County, Oklahoma
$
111,402
$
111,402
Lipscomb County, Texas
250,082
250,082
Miller County, Arkansas
132,909
132,909
Ward Petroleum Assets
290,500
290,500
Kensington Energy Assets
120,000
120,000
Other Properties
332,185
332,185
Total Properties
1,237,078
1,237,078
Asset retirement cost, net
35,504
37,676
Property impairments
(481,072
)
(481,072
)
Less: Depletion
(569,566
)
(554,399
)
Net
$
221,944
$
239,283
For
the three and nine months periods ended December 31, 2015, depletion per Bbl was $6.85 and $6.85, respectively.
For
the three and nine months periods ended December 31, 2014, depletion per Bbl was $5.12 and $5.12, respectively.
NOTE
7: ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED LIABILITIES
Accounts
payable and accrued liabilities consisted of the following:
December
31,
2015
March
31,
2015
(Unaudited)
Accounts payable
$
98,769
$
371,722
Accrued interest
61,012
62,030
Total
$
159,781
$
433,752
15
AVALON
OIL & GAS, INC.
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2015
(Unaudited
NOTE
8: NOTES PAYABLE
Notes
Payable are summarized as follows:
Note
Amount
March 31, 2015:
Notes payable – long-term portion
$
-0-
Notes payable
– current portion
224,300
Total
$
224,300
Note
Amount
December 31, 2015 (Unaudited):
Notes
payable – long-term portion
$
-0-
Notes
payable – current portion
149,200
Total
$
149,200
NOTE 9:
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Notes
Payable
On
April 21, 2011, Mr. Rodriguez advanced the Company $35,000. As of December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015, amount outstanding is
$20,000. This note does not accrue interest and is due on demand.
Series
A Convertible Preferred Stock
The
100 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock were issued on June 3, 2002 as payment for $500,000 in promissory notes, are
convertible into the number of shares of common stock sufficient to represent forty percent (40%) of the fully diluted shares
outstanding after their issuance. The holder of these shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock is our President, Kent Rodriguez.
The Series A Convertible Preferred Stock pays an eight percent (8%) dividend. The dividends are cumulative and payable quarterly.
The Series A Convertible Preferred Stock carries liquidating preference, over all other classes of stock, equal to the amount
paid for the stock plus any unpaid dividends. The Series A Convertible Preferred Stock provides for voting rights on an "as
converted to common stock" basis.
The
holders of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock have the right to convert each share of preferred stock into a sufficient
number of shares of common stock to equal 40% of the then fully-diluted shares outstanding. Fully diluted shares outstanding is
computed as the sum of the numberof shares of common stock outstanding plus the number of shares of common stock issuable upon
exercise, conversion or exchange of outstanding options, and warrants. In the event that the Company does not have an adequate
number of shares of Common Stock authorized, upon a conversion request, only the maximum allowable number of shares of Series
A Convertible Preferred Stock shall convert into Common Stock and the remaining shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock
shall convert upon lapse of the applicable restrictions.
During
the three months ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company incurred $10,000 and $10,000 in Series A Convertible Preferred
Stock dividends, paid $3,500 and $13,500 for the three months ended December 31, 2015 and 2014. During the nine months ended December
31, 2015 and 2014, the Company incurred $30,000 and $30,000 in Series A Convertible Preferred Stock dividends, and paid $
25,000 and $39,000 for the nine months ended December 31, 2015 and 2014. As of December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015, the accrued
balance due Mr. Rodriguez was $37,950 and $32,950 respectively. The liquidation preference of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock
as of December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015 was $537,950 and $532,950 or $5,380 and $5,330 per share.
16
AVALON
OIL & GAS, INC.
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2015
(Unaudited)
Employment
Agreements
In
2009, Mr. Rodriguez, our President, was under an employment agreement dated April 1, 2008 that expires on March 31, 2016, pursuant
to which he was compensated at an annual rate of $120,000. On April 1, 2011 Mr. Rodriguez voluntarily reduced his compensation
to an annual rate of $48,000, subject to an increase by the Company’s Board of Directors. The Company charged
to operations the amount of $12,000 and $36,000 for the three and nine month periods ended December, 2015 and 2014, of which $10,403
and $14,000 was paid to him during the three month periods ending December 31, 2014 and 2015, and $47,957 and $36,450 during the
three and nine month periods ending December 31 2014 and 2015, respectively. As of December 31, 2015, and March 31,
2015, the balances of accrued and unpaid salaries were $195,962 and $206,717.
NOTE
10: INCOME TAXES
Deferred
income taxes result from the temporary difference arising from the use of accelerated depreciation methods for income tax purposes
and the straight-line method for financial statement purposes, and an accumulation of Net Operating Loss carry-forwards for income
tax purposes with a valuation allowance against the carry-forwards for book purposes.
In
assessing the value of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of
the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Included in deferred tax assets are Federal and State net operating loss carry forwards
of $31,132,781, which will expire beginning in 2028. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon
the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management
considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in
making this assessment. Based upon our cumulative losses through December 31, 2015, we have provided a valuation allowance reducing
the net realizable benefits of these deductible differences to $0 at December 31, 2015. The amount of the deferred
tax asset considered realizable could change in the near term if projected future taxable income is realized. Due to
significant changes in the Company's ownership, the Company's future use of its existing net operating losses may be limited.
NOTE
11: STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Preferred
Stock
The
Company is authorized to issue 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.10 per share.
Series
A Convertible Preferred Stock
The
100 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock were issued on June 3, 2002 as payment for $500,000 in promissory notes, are
convertible into the number of shares of common stock sufficient to represent forty percent (40%) of the fully diluted shares
outstanding after their issuance. The holder of these shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock is our President, Kent Rodriguez.
The Series A Convertible Preferred Stock pays an eight percent (8%) dividend. The dividends are cumulative and payable quarterly.
The Series A Convertible Preferred Stock carries liquidating preference, over all other classes of stock, equal to the amount
paid for the stock plus any unpaid dividends. The Series A Convertible Preferred Stock provides for voting rights on an "as
converted to common stock" basis.
The
holders of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock have the right to convert the preferred stock into shares of common stock
such that if converted simultaneously, they shall represent forty percent (40%) of the fully diluted shares outstanding after
their issuance. Fully diluted shares outstanding is computed as the sum of the number of shares of common stock outstanding plus
the number of shares of common stock issuable upon exercise, conversion or exchange of outstanding options, warrants, or convertible
securities.
17
AVALON
OIL & GAS, INC.
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2015
(Unaudited)
As
of December 31, 2015, the Company has 100 shares of Series A Convertible preferred stock issued and outstanding.
During
the three months ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company incurred $10,000 and $10,000 in Series A Convertible Preferred
Stock dividends, paid $3,500 and $13,500 for the three months ended December 31, 2015 and 2014. During the nine months ended December
31, 2015 and 2014, the Company incurred $30,000 and $30,000 in Series A Convertible Preferred Stock dividends, and paid $
25,000 and $39,000 for the nine months ended December 31, 2015 and 2014. As of December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015, the accrued
balance due Mr. Rodriguez was $37,950 and $32,950 respectively. The liquidation preference of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock
as of December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015 was $537,950 and $532,950 or $5,380 and $5,330 per share.
Series
B Preferred Stock
In
March, 2013, our Board of Directors authorized the issuance of 2,000 shares of Series B Preferred Stock, (the "Series B Preferred
Stock"). The face amount of share of the Series B Preferred Stock is $1,000. As of December 31, 2015
and March 31, 2015, the Company has 1,960 and 1,625 shares of Series B preferred stock respectively issued and outstanding.
The
Series B Preferred Stock accrues dividends at the rate of 9% per annum on the original purchase price for the shares. These dividends
are payable annually, beginning in January 2014. We are prohibited from paying any dividends on our Common Stock until all accrued
dividends are paid on our Series B Preferred Stock. The Series B Preferred Stock ranks junior to the Series A Convertible
Preferred Stock owned by our President and Chief Executive Officer, as to Dividends and to a distribution of assets in the event
of a liquidation of assets.
The
Holders of Series B Preferred Stock do not have any voting rights and their consent is not required to take any sort of corporate
action.
During
the nine month period ended December 31, 2015, the Company issued 335 shares of Series B Preferred Stock, 25 shares in exchange
for a $25,000 promissory note and 260 shares for an investment of $260,000 and. 50 shares for $50,000 of services to be amortized
over 48 months During the three month periods ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company incurred $42,188 and $36,938 in dividends
on Series B preferred stock. The Company did not pay any dividends for the three or nine months period ended December
31, 2015 and paid $16,000 for the nine months period ended December 31, 2014. During the nine month periods ended December 31,
2015 and 2014, the Company incurred $120,938 and $97,911 in dividends on Series B preferred stock. The liquidation preference
of Series B Preferred Stock as of December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015 was $2,080,938 and $1,625,000 or $1,062 and $1,000
per share, respectively. Dividends payable for Series B Preferred Stock at December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015 were $120,938
and $0 respectively.
Total
dividends payable from both Series A and Series B preferred shares at December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015 were $158,888 and $32,950
respectively.
AFS
Holdings, Inc. Series A Preferred Stock
On
October 5, 2015, the Articles of Incorporation of AFS were amended to authorize the issuance of 5,000,000 shares of Preferred
Stock, par value $0.001, of which 1,000 shares are designated as Series A Preferred Stock.
AFS
Series A Preferred Stock accrues dividends at the rate of 12% per annum on the original purchase price for the shares. These dividends
are payable annually in cash or the AFS Common Stock at the discretion of the Board of Directors, beginning in March 2016. AFS
is prohibited from paying any dividends on AFS Common Stock until all accrued dividends are paid on our Series A preferred Stock.
Upon liquidation, the Series A Preferred Stock shareholders shall be entitled to the stated value of each shares held, in addition
to accrued and unpaid dividends, as long as AFS possesses the funds necessary to make payments. AFS may, at any time, redeem the
shares of Series A Preferred Stock without the prior written consent of the Series A Preferred Stock shareholders. The Series
A Preferred Stock ranks senior to AFS Common Stock in a distribution of assets in the event of a liquidation of assets.
On
September 30, 2015, AFS issued 50 shares of its Series A Preferred Stock for $50,000 to an unaffiliated third party.
During
the three month periods ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company incurred $1,500 and $-0- in dividends on Series A preferred
stock. The Company did not pay any dividends for the three or nine months period ended December 31, 2015. During the
nine month periods ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company incurred $1,500 and $-0- in dividends on Series A preferred stock.
The liquidation preference of Series APreferred Stock as of December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015 was $51,500 and $-0- or $1,030
and $-0- per share, respectively. Dividends payable for Series A Preferred Stock at December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015
were $1,500 and $0 respectively.
18
AVALON
OIL & GAS, INC.
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2015
(Unaudited)
Common
Stock
On
June 10, 2015, the Company’s subsidiary AFS Holdings, Inc. issued us 3,000,000 shares of its Common Stock for $10,000 in
cash. The shares were valued at $0.0033. The issuance was an isolated transaction not involving a public offering pursuant to
Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933.
On
June 10, 2015, the Company’s subsidiary AFS Holdings, Inc., issued 100,000 shares of its Common Stock to their directors
for their services. The shares were valued at $0.004. The issuance was an isolated transaction not involving a public offering
pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933.
On
October 19, 2015, the Company’s subsidiary
AFS Holdings, Inc., issued to 30,000 shares of $0.001 par value common stock for services rendered
valued at $120 or $.004 per share.
On
November 5, 2015, the Company’s subsidiary
AFS Holdings, Inc., issued to its Directors 100,000 shares of $0.001 par value common stock
for services rendered valued at $.004.
On
December 18, 2015, the Company’s subsidiary
AFS Holdings, Inc., issued 50,000 shares of $0.001 par value common stock for professional services
rendered valued at $200 or $.004 per share.
During the nine
months period ended December 31, 2015 the Company issued the following shares:
On
April 2, 2015 we issued 300,000 shares of our Common Stock to our directors for their services. The shares were valued at $12,000
or $0.04 per share and were valued based on the midpoint between the closing bid and offer price of the Company's common stock
on the date the shares were issued.
On
June 25, 2015, the Company issued 650,000 shares of Common Stock, paid $5,000 in cash and issued a $5,000 promissory note for
settlement of an account payable of $280,972. The shares were valued at $26,000 or $0.04 per share. The value of the shares was
based on the closing bid price of the Company's common stock on the date the Agreement was executed by the Company. $244,972 was
treated as a gain from this transaction.
On
November 9, 2015, the Company issued 700,000 shares of common stock for the conversion of a note payable and assumption of debt. The
fair market value of these shares was $28,000 or $0.04 per share which was based on the current market value on the date of issuance.
$100 has been credited to the note payable, $830 to interest payable, and a loss of $27,070 was recognized on this conversion,
and was charged to operations.
Warrants
There
are no warrants outstanding as of December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2015.
NOTE
12: TECHNOLOGY LICENSE AGREEMENTS
On
December 1, 2014, the Company entered into an exclusive license agreement for anti-corrosion technology from Ronald Knight in
exchange for three hundred thousand (300,000) shares of our common stock. This license calls for an earned royalty of three percent
(3.00%) on sales of licensed products and services as they may relate to corrosion prevention and maintenance of sump pumps at
gasoline and diesel dispensing locations, including, but not limited to gas stations, convenience stores, trucking companies,
bus companies, and any other locations where gasoline and/or diesel is dispensed. We did not have any revenue for the period from
December 1, 2014 through December 31, 2015.
On
June 1, 2015, the Company entered into a technology license agreement with AFS Holdings, Inc related to the anti-corrosion technology
mentioned in the paragraph above. Under the terms of the agreement, the AFS shall pay to the Company $300,000 no later than December
31, 2015 together with 5% of the gross receipts received by the AFS for the use of the licensed technology. As of December 31,
2015, the license fee of $300,000 has not been paid and we are negotiating an extension of the license agreement with AFS Holdings,
Inc, until December 31, 2016.
NOTE
13: EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE
ASC
260-10-45 requires a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator of the basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS) computations.
We have included the basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS) computation for the three and nine months periods ended December
31, 2015.
19
AVALON
OIL & GAS, INC.
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2015
(Unaudited)
Basic and diluted earnings per share
for each of the periods presented is calculated as follows:
For
the nine months ended December 31,
For
the nine months ended December 31,
2015
2014
(Unaudited)
(Unaudited)
Net
loss attributable to Avalon Oil & Gas, Inc.
$
(110,560)
$
(109,015
)
Preferred
stock dividends
(152,438
)
(127,911
)
Net loss attributable
to common shareholders of Avalon Oil & Gas, Inc. (numerator for basic earnings per share)
(262,998
)
(236,926
)
Dividend
for Series A convertible preferred stock
—
—
Net
loss attributable to common shareholders of Avalon Oil & Gas, Inc. (numerator for diluted earnings per share)
(262,998
)
(236,926
)
Weighted average
number of common shares outstanding - Basic
17,424,971
12,003,153
Effect of diluted
securities:
Convertible
amount of Common Shares
—
—
Weighted
average number of common shares outstanding - Diluted
17,424,971
12,003,153
Loss
per share- Basic and Diluted
$
(0.015
)
$
(0.020
)
For
the three months ended December 31,
For
the three months ended December 31,
2015
2014
(Unaudited)
(Unaudited)
Net
loss attributable to Avalon Oil & Gas, Inc.
$
(129,387
)
$
109,977
Preferred
stock dividends
(53,688
)
(46,938
)
Net loss attributable
to common shareholders of Avalon Oil & Gas, Inc. (numerator for basic earnings per share)
(183,075
)
63,039
Dividend
for Series A convertible preferred stock
—
—
Net
loss attributable to common shareholders of Avalon Oil & Gas, Inc. (numerator for diluted earnings per share)
(183,075
)
63,039
Weighted average
number of common shares outstanding - Basic
17,893,714
12,343,932
Effect of diluted
securities:
Convertible
amount of Common Shares
—
—
Weighted
average number of common shares outstanding - Diluted
17,893,714
22,015,973
Loss
per share- Basic and Diluted
$
(0.010
)
$
0.005
20
AVALON
OIL & GAS, INC.
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2015
(Unaudited)
For
the three months end December 31, 2015, the diluted earnings per share calculation did not include the effect of the shares resulted
from assumed conversion of the Series A convertible preferred stock and the shares convertible from convertible notes payable
with the principal amount of $81,800 and the related accrued interest, because the effect is anti-dilutive, as the Company incurred
a loss during the periods.
For
the nine months end December 31, 2015, the diluted earnings per share calculation did not include the effect of the shares resulted
from assumed conversion of the Series A convertible preferred stock and the shares convertible from convertible notes payable
with the principal amount of $81,800 and the related accrued interest, because the effect is anti-dilutive, as the Company incurred
a loss during the periods.
For
the nine months end December 31, 2014, the diluted earnings per share calculation did not include the effect of the shares resulted
from assumed conversion of the Series A convertible preferred stock and the shares convertible from convertible note payable with
the principal amount of $489,750 and the related accrued interest, because the effect is anti-dilutive, as the Company incurred
a loss during the periods.
NOTE
14: COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Commitments
and contingencies through the date of these financial statements were issued have been considered by the Company and none were
noted which were required to be disclosed.
NOTE
15: SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On
October 23, 2015, AFS Holdings, Inc., a subsidiary of the Company, filed a registration statement on Form S-1 with the Securities
and Exchange Commission, in order to register shares to be sold by AFS Holdings, Inc. On December 7, 2015, we received the first
set of comments on the Form S-1 that we filed on October 23, 2015. We responded to these comments on December 16, 2015. We received
a second set of comments on December 29, 2015. We responded to these comments on January 13, 2016. We received a third set of
comments on January 27, 2016 and responded to these comments on January 29, 2016. We have not received any other comments and
the registration statement is not yet effective.
The
Company has evaluated subsequent events through the issuance of the consolidated financial statements and other than as listed
above, no subsequent event is identified.
21
ITEM
2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The
following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and the notes related thereto.
The discussion of results, causes and trends should not be construed to infer conclusions that such results, causes
or trends necessarily will continue in the future.
Business
Development
Avalon
Oil & Gas, Inc. (the "Company") was originally incorporated in Colorado in April 1991 under the name Snow Runner
(USA), Inc. The Company was the general partner of Snow Runner (USA) Ltd.; a Colorado limited partnership to sell proprietary
snow skates under the name "Sled Dogs" which was dissolved in August 1992. In late 1993, the Company relocated its operations
to Minnesota and in January 1994 changed our name to Snow Runner, Inc. In November 1994 we changed our name to the Sled Dogs Company.
On November 5, 1997, we filed for protection under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. In September 1998, we emerged from
protection of Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. In May, 1999, we changed our state of domicile to Nevada and our name to
XDOGS.COM, Inc. On July 22, 2005, the Board of Directors and a majority of the Company's shareholders approved an amendment to
our Articles of Incorporation to change the Company's name to Avalon Oil & Gas, Inc., and to increase the authorized number
of shares of our common stock from 200,000,000 shares to 1,000,000,000 shares par value of $0.001, and engage in the acquisition
of producing oil and gas properties. On November 16, 2011, a majority of the Company's shareholders approved an amendment
to our Articles of Incorporation to increase the authorized number of shares of our common stock from 1,000,000,000 shares to
3,000,000,000 shares par value of $0.001.
On
June 4, 2012 the Board of Directors approved an amendment to our Articles of Incorporation to a reverse split of the issued and
outstanding shares of Common Stock of the Corporation (“Shares”) such that each holder of Shares as of the record
date of June 4, 2012 shall receive one (1) post-split Share on the effective date of June 4, 2012 for each three hundred (300)
Shares owned. The reverse split was effective on July 23, 2012. On September 28, 2012, we held a special
meeting of Avalon’s shareholders and approved an amendment to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation such that the
Company would be authorized to issue up to 200,000,000 shares of common stock. We filed an amendment with the Nevada
Secretary of State on April 10, 2013, to increase our authorized shares to 200,000,000.
The
Company is currently in the process of raising funds to acquire oil and gas properties and related oilfield technologies, which
the Company plans to develop into commercial applications.
On
September 22, 2007 the Company entered into an agreement with respect to its purchase of a 75.6% interest in Oiltek, Inc. (Oiltek)
for $50,000 and the right of Oiltek to market Avalon's intellectual property.
On
March 19, 2014, the Company formed Weyer Partners, LLC, (“Weyer”) a one hundred percent (100%) wholly owned Minnesota
Corporation. Weyer Partners, LLC, was formed to operate oil and gas properties in Oklahoma and Texas. Weyer is consolidated in
these financial statements.
On
May 9, 2014, the Company formed AFS Holdings, Inc., (“AFS”) a Nevada Corporation. As of December 31, 2015, the Company
currently owns 91.5% of the outstanding common shares of AFS Holding, Inc. AFS was formed to leverage the Company’s relationship
with IP TechEx, and market technology licensed from IP TechEx. AFS is consolidated in these financial statements.
22
On
October 5, 2015, the Articles of Incorporation of AFS were amended. Pursuant to the amended articles of incorporation, AFS is
authorized to issue 250,000,000 shares of common stock, each having a par value of $0.001, with each share of common stock entitled
to one vote for all matters on which a shareholder vote is required or requested. AFS was also authorized to issue 5,000,000 shares
of Preferred Stock, of which 1,000 shares are designated as Series A Preferred Stock.
On
October 23, 2015, AFS filed a registration statement on Form S-1 with the Securities and Exchange Commission, in order to register
shares to be sold by AFS. On December 7, 2015, we received the first set of comments on the Form S-1 that we filed on October
23, 2015. We responded to these comments on December 16, 2015. We received a second set of comments on December 29, 2015 and responded
to these comments on January 13, 2016. We received a third set of comments on January 27, 2016 and responded to these comments
on January 29, 2016. We have not received any other comments and the registration statement is not yet effective.
Acquisition
Strategy
Our
strategy is to acquire oil and gas producing properties that have proven reserves and established in-field drilling locations
with a combination of cash, debt, and equity. We believe that acquisition of such properties minimizes our risk, allows us to
generate immediate cash flow, and provides in-field drilling locations to expand production within the proven oil and gas fields.
We will aggressively develop these low cost/low risk properties in order to enhance shareholder value. In addition, Avalon's technology
group acquires oil production enhancing technologies.
In
furtherance of the foregoing strategy, we have engaged in the following transactions during the last three years:
During
the year ended March 31, 2013, we advanced $160,000 for the purchase of oil and gas producing properties in
/Western
Oklahoma, pending the completion of due diligence by the Company, if the Seller is not able to deliver clear title to these properties
these funds will be returned to us.
On
July 1, 2013, the Company acquired a fifty percent (50%) working interest in the Moody and West Lease, Duval County, Texas.
On
October 10, 2013, the Company entered into a Technology Scouting Agreement with IP Technology Exchange, Inc. ("IP TechEx"),
to identify potential technology acquisition and licensing opportunities. Our alliance with IP TechEx will enable us
to develop a portfolio of new technologies within the oil and gas industry.
On
March 19, 2014, the Company formed Weyer Partners, LLC, a one hundred percent (100%) wholly owned Minnesota Corporation. Weyer
Partners, LLC, was formed to operate oil and gas properties in Oklahoma and Texas.
On
May 9, 2014, the Company formed AFS Holdings, Inc., (“AFS”) a Nevada Corporation. As of December 31, 2015, the Company
owns 91.5% of the outstanding common shares of AFS Holding, Inc. AFS was formed to leverage the Company’s relationship with
IP TechEx, and market technology licensed from IP TechEx.
On
September 29, 2014 the Company acquired the assets of Kensington Energy Limited Partnership – 1985, Kensington Energy Limited
Partnership – 1986, Kensington Energy Limited Partnership – 1987, Kensington Energy Company, Kensington Group Venture
Kensington Group Venture I, Kensington Group Venture II, and Kensington Group Venture III for a combination of cash and debt.
On
December 1, 2014, the Company acquired a license for proprietary products and solutions to prevent corrosion on new sump equipment
and sump equipment currently in use. These proprietary products can be used on new or used sump equipment and will substantially
minimize corrosion.
On
December 15, 2014, the Company renewed its Technology Scouting Agreement with IP TechEx for an additional three (3) years.
23
ITEM
2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)
We
plan to raise additional capital during the coming fiscal year, but currently have not identified additional funding sources.
Our ability to continue operations is highly dependent upon our ability to obtain additional financing, or generate revenues from
our acquired oil and gas leasehold interests, none of which can be guaranteed.
Ultimately,
our success is dependent upon our ability to generate revenues from our acquired oil and gas leasehold interests, and to achieve
profitability, which is dependent upon a number of factors, including general economic conditions and the sustained profitability
resulting from the operation of the acquired oil and gas leaseholds. There is no assurance that even with adequate financing or
combined operations, we will generate revenues and be profitable.
PATENTS,
TRADEMARKS, AND PROPRIETARY RIGHTS
On
May 17, 2006, The Company signed a strategic alliance agreement with Innovaro Corporation, a technology transfer company to develop
a portfolio of new technologies for the oil and gas industry.
On
March 29, 2007, The Company acquired Leak Location Technologies, Inc., ("LLT"). LLT owns an exclusive license to a system
for determining the presence and location of leaks in underground pipes.
On
May 17, 2007, The Company renewed its strategic alliance agreement with Innovaro Corporation, a technology transfer company to
develop a portfolio of new technologies for the oil and gas industry.
On
August 16, 2007, Kent Rodriguez, the Company's President and CEO, presented a proposal to the Board of Directors to spin-off Oiltek
Inc. ("Oiltek"), which specializes in oil and gas recovery technology to Avalon's shareholders. The oil and gas technology
include, but are not limited, to the Patent; a system to detect hazardous gas leaks including small leaks in natural gas pipelines;
and a system for intelligent drilling and completion sensors to provide real-time oil reservoir monitoring of subsurface information.
On
September 22, 2007 the Company entered into an agreement with respect to its purchase of a 75.6% interest in Oiltek for $50,000
and the right of Oiltek to promote Avalon's intellectual property. We are working with IP Technology Exchange, Inc. to market
this intellectual property.
On
October 10, 2013, the Company entered into a Technology Scouting Agreement with IP Technology Exchange, Inc. ("IP TechEx"),
to identify potential technology acquisition and licensing opportunities. Our alliance with IP TechEx will enable us
to develop a portfolio of new technologies within the oil and gas industry.
On
December 1, 2014, the Company acquired a license for proprietary products and solutions to prevent corrosion on new sump equipment
and sump equipment currently in use. These proprietary products can be used on new or used sump equipment and will substantially
minimize corrosion.
On
December 15, 2014, the Company renewed its Technology Scouting Agreement with IP TechEx for an additional three (3) years.
GOING
CONCERN
The
December 31, 2015, consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern.
However, the Company has incurred a loss of $31,161,869 from inception through December 31, 2015, and has a working capital
deficiency of $112,336 and stockholders’ equity of $1,878,156 as of December 31, 2015. These conditions raise
substantial doubt about the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern. The Company currently has minimal revenue generating
operations and expects to incur substantial operating expenses in order to expand its business. As a result, the Company expects
to incur operating losses for the foreseeable future. The Company will continue to seek equity and debt financing to
meet our operating losses. The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might become
necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.
24
Financing
Activities
We
have been funding our obligations through the issuance of our Common Stock for services rendered and for notes payable owed
or for cash in private placements. The Company may seek additional funds in the private or public equity or debt markets
in order to execute its plan of operation and business strategy. There can be no assurance that we will be able to attract
capital or obtain such financing when needed or on acceptable terms in which case the Company's ability to execute its business strategy
will be impaired.
Results
of Operations
Three
and nine month periods ended December 31, 2015 compared to the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2014:
Revenues
Revenues
for the three months ended December 31, 2015 were $24,743, a decrease of $22,248 or approximately 47% compared to revenue of $46,991
for the three months ended December 31, 2014. Revenues decreased as a result of a lower market price of oil and natural
gas.
Revenues
for the nine months ended December 31, 2015 were $48,647, an decrease of $61,278 or approximately 56% compared to revenue of $109,925
for the nine months ended December 31, 2014. Revenues decreased as a result of a lower market price of oil and natural
gas.
Lease
Operating Expenses
During
the three months ended December 31, 2015, our lease operating expenses were $35,075, a decrease of $4,392 or approximately 11%
compared to $39,467 for the three months ended December 31, 2014. The decrease was due to less operating expenses incurred
on the Company's properties in Miller County, Arkansas.
During
the nine months ended December 31, 2015, our lease operating expenses were $61,981, a decrease of $16,279 or approximately 21%
compared to $78,260 for the nine months ended December 31, 2014. The decrease was due to less operating expenses incurred
on the Company's properties in Miller County, Arkansas.
Selling,
General, and Administrative Expenses
Selling,
general and administrative expenses for the three months ended December 31, 2015 were $102,598, an increase of $35,129 or
approximately 52% compared to selling, general and administrative expenses of $67,469 during the three months ended December 31,
2014. Selling, general and administrative expenses for the three months ended December 31, 2015 consisted primarily
of payroll and related costs of $12,000; legal and accounting fees in the amount of $10,612; consulting fees in the amount of
$25,930 travel and entertainment expenses of $21,564; office expenses of $28,058; facilities costs in the amount of $3,000; and
investor relations costs of $1,434.
Selling,
general and administrative expenses for the nine months ended December 31, 2015 were $266,353, an increase of $21,204 or
approximately 9% compared to selling, general and administrative expenses of $245,149 during the nine months ended December 31,
2014. Selling, general and administrative expenses for the nine months ended December 31, 2015 consisted primarily
of payroll and related costs of $36,000; legal and accounting fees in the amount of $67,012; consulting fees in the amount of
$38,008; travel and entertainment expenses of $59,624; office expenses of $52,534; facilities costs in the amount of $9,000; and
investor relations costs of $4,175.
Stock
Based Compensation
There
was $10,011 non-cash compensation for the three months ended December 31, 2015 compared to $2,121 for the three month period ended
December 31, 2014 or an increase of $7,890 or 372%.
25
Non-cash
compensation for the nine months ended December 31, 2015 was $38,677, compared to non-cash compensation of $16,121 for the
nine months ended December 31, 2014, or an increase of $22,556 or 140%. This increase was due to common stock issuances
for consulting and director services rendered during the nine month period ended December 31, 2015.
Depreciation,
Depletion, and Amortization
Depreciation,
Depletion, and Amortization was $18,848 for the three months ended December 31, 2015, an decrease of $5,555 or approximately 23%
compared to $24,403 for the three months ended December 31, 2014. Depletion decreased as a result of lower production
of oil and natural gas.
Depreciation,
Depletion, and Amortization was $50,504 for the nine months ended December 31, 2015, a decrease of $14,131 or approximately 22%
compared to $64,635 for the nine months ended December 31, 2014. Depletion decreased as a result of lower production of oil and
natural gas.
Interest
Expense, net of Interest Income
Interest
expense, net of interest expense was $528 for the three months ended December 31, 2015, a increase of $10,526, or approximately
95% compared to $11,054 for the three months ended December 31, 2014. The increase was due to a reduction in notes payable.
Interest
income, net of interest expense was $406 for the nine months ended December 31, 2015, an increase of $32,781 or approximately
101% compared to interest expense of $32,375 for the nine months ended December 31, 2014. The increase was due to the forgiveness
of interest on a promissory note payable.
Net
Income (Loss)
Our
net loss for the three months ended December 31, 2015, was $129,387 an decrease of $239,364 or approximately 218% compared to
a net income of $109,977, during the three months ended December, 2014.
Our
net loss for the nine months ended December 31, 2015, was $110,560 a increase of $1,545 or approximately 1% compared to a net
loss of $109,015, during the nine months ended December 31, 2014. The increase was due to a gain from the settlement of accounts
payable and forgiveness of interest promissory note payable.
LIQUIDITY
AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
The
December 31, 2015, financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. However, the
Company has incurred a loss of $31,161,869 from inception through December 30, 2015, negative working capital of $112,336
and stockholders’ equity of $1,878,156, as of December 31, 2015. The Company currently has minimal revenue generating operations
and expects to incur substantial operating expenses in order to expand its business. As a result, the Company expects to incur
operating losses for the foreseeable future. The Company will continue to seek equity and debt financing to meet our
operating losses. The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might become
necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.
Our
cash and cash equivalents were $135,474 on December 31, 2015, compared to $135,713 on March 31, 2015. We met our liquidity needs
through the issuance of our common and preferred stock for cash and the revenue derived from our oil and gas operations.
We
need to raise additional capital during the fiscal year, but currently have not acquired sufficient additional funding. Our
ability to continue operations as a going concern is highly dependent upon our ability to obtain immediate additional financing, or
generate revenues from our acquired oil and gas leasehold interest, and to achieve profitability, none of which can be guaranteed.
Unless additional funding is obtained, it is highly unlikely that we can continue to operate. There is no assurance
that even with adequate financing or combined operations, we will generate revenues and be profitable.
26
Ultimately,
our success is dependent upon our ability to generate revenues from our acquired oil and gas leasehold interests.
Investing
activities
During
the nine months ended December 31, 2015, we received $1,428 in principal payments on a note receivable compared to a net investment
of $112,858 during the nine months ended December 31, 2014
Financing
Activities
During
nine months ended December 31, 2015, the Company received $260,000 from the sale of preferred stock and our subsidiary AFS,
Inc. received $50,000 from the sale of preferred stock totaling $310,000, paid $15,000 of principal on a note payable and paid
dividends on preferred stock of $25,000. During nine months ended December 31, 2014, we received $175,000 from the sale of
preferred stock, received $60,000 from a note payable and paid dividends on preferred stock of $55,000.
Operating
activities
Our
net loss for the three months ended December 31, 2015, was $129,387 an decrease of $239,364 or approximately 218% compared to
a net income of $109,977, during the three months ended December, 2014.
Our
net loss for the nine months ended December 31, 2015, was $110,560 a increase of $1,545 or approximately 1% compared to a net
loss of $109,015, during the nine months ended December 31, 2014. The increase was due to a gain from the settlement of accounts
payable and forgiveness of interest promissory note payable.
Critical
Accounting Policies
The
consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United
States of America. As such, we are required to make certain estimates, judgments and assumptions that we believe are reasonable
based on information available. These estimates and assumptions affect the reporting amounts of assets and liabilities at the
date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. A summary of the
significant accounting policies is described in Note 1 to the financial statements.
Recently
Issued Accounting Pronouncements
Management
does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards or pronouncements, if currently adopted,
would have a material effect on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
Off-Balance
Sheet Arrangements
We
have no off-balance sheet arrangements.
Material
Commitments
We
have no material commitments during the next twelve (12) months.
27
ITEM
3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
This
information has been omitted, as the Company qualifies as a smaller reporting company.
ITEM
4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation
of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our
principal executive and financial officer, after evaluating the effectiveness of our "disclosure controls and procedures"
(as defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered
by this report (the "Evaluation Date"), has concluded that as of the Evaluation Date, our disclosure controls and
procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports
that we file or submit under the Exchange Act (i) is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief
Executive Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure, and (ii) is recorded, processed,
summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Commission's rules and forms.
There
has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting identified during the period covered by this report which
have materially affected or is likely to materially affect.
PART
II
ITEM
1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
None.
ITEM
2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
During
the nine months period ended December 31, 2015, the Company issued 385 shares of Preferred Stock as follows:
310
shares of Avalon Series B Preferred Stock, to an accredited investor for $310,000 in cash.
25
shares of Avalon Series B Preferred Stock to an accredited investor in exchange of a $25,000 promissory note.
50
Shares of The Company’s subsidiary AFS Holdings, Inc. Series A Preferred Stock, to an accredited investor for $50,000 for
cash.
During
the nine months period ended December 31, 2015, the Company issued 1,650,000 shares of Common Stock, as follows:
We
issued 650,000 shares of our common stock, paid $5,000 in cash and issued a $5,000 promissory note to settle an account payable
of $280,972.06. The common stock was valued at $.04 per share, and was based on the closing bid price.
We
issued 300,000 shares of our common stock to our Director’s for services rendered. The 300,000 shares were valued at $0.04
shares or $12,000. The price was based on the closing bid price of the Company’s Common Stock on the date that shares were
granted to the Directors.
On
November 9, 2015, we issued 700,000 shares of common stock for the conversion of a note payable and assumption of debt. The
fair market value of these shares was $28,000 or $0.04 per share which was based on the current market value on the date of issuance.
$100 has been credited to the note payable, $830 to interest payable, and a loss of $27,070 was recognized on this conversion,
and was charged to operations.
ITEM
3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None.
28
ITEM
4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
N/A
ITEM
5. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
ITEM
6. EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
(a)
Form 8-K
NONE
(b)
Exhibits
Exhibit
Number
Description
3.1
Restated Articles
of Incorporation (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Registration Statement on Form SB-2, Registration No. 33-74240C).*
3.2
Restated Bylaws
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Registration Statement on Form SB-2, Registration No. 33-74240C). *
3.3
Articles of Incorporation
for the State of Nevada. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.2 to Form 10-KSB filed February 2000) *
3.4
Articles of Merger
for the Colorado Corporation and the Nevada Corporation (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to Form 10-KSB filed February
2000) *
3.5
Bylaws of the Nevada
Corporation (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.5 to Form 10-KSB filed February 2000) *
4.1
Specimen of Common
Stock (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit to Registration Statement on Form SB-2, Registration No. 33-74240C). *
10.1
Employment Agreement between the Company and
Kent Rodriguez dated April 1, 2011 *
10.2
Promissory Note
between the Company and Peter Messerli dated January 6, 2011, in the amount of $200.000 *
10.3
Promissory Note
between the Company and Maerki Baumann & Company AG dated January 11, 2011, in the amount of $250,000 *
10.4
Promissory Note
between the Company and Maerki Baumann & Company AG dated January 27, 2012, in the amount of $200,000 *
10.5
Certificate of Designation Series B Preferred
Stock*
31.1
Certification
32.1
Certification
____________
*
Incorporated by reference to a previously filed exhibit or report.
29
SIGNATURES
In
accordance with the requirements of the Exchange Act, the registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Avalon Oil & Gas, Inc.
Date: February
22, 2016
By:
/s/ Kent
Rodriguez
Kent Rodriguez
Chief Executive Officer
Chief Financial and Accounting Officer
30
Text extracted from the filing as submitted to EDGAR. Formatting, tables and exhibits are simplified for reading; the original document is authoritative for anything you rely on.