Gold.com, Inc. 10-Q

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Index to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereof Page Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2025 and June 30, 2025 4 Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 5 Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 6 Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 7 Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements 8 Note 1. Description of Business 8 Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 10 Note 3. Assets and Liabilities, at Fair Value 21 Note 4. Receivables, Net 25 Note 5. Secured Loans Receivable 25 Note 6. Inventories 27 Note 7. Leases 28 Note 8. Property, Plant, and Equipment 29 Note 9. Goodwill and Intangible Assets 29 Note 10. Long-Term Investments 31 Note 11. Accounts Payable and Other Current Liabilities 31 Note 12. Derivative Instruments and Hedging Transactions 31 Note 13. Income Taxes 34 Note 14. Related Party Transactions 35 Note 15. Financing Agreements 37 Note 16. Commitments and Contingencies 39 Note 17. Stockholders' Equity 40 Note 18. Customer and Supplier Concentrations 43 Note 19. Segments and Geographic Information 43 Note 20. Subsequent Events 47 3 A-MARK PRECIOUS METALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED B ALANCE SHEETS (in thousands, except for share data) September 30, 2025 June 30, 2025 (unaudited) ASSETS Current assets Cash $ 89,221 $ 77,741 Receivables, net 283,140 137,723 Derivative assets 390,174 134,515 Secured loans receivable 103,633 94,037 Inventories: Inventories 846,066 794,812 Restricted inventories 377,028 484,733 1,223,094 1,279,545 Income tax receivable 4,572 4,575 Prepaid expenses and other assets 17,468 15,359 Total current assets 2,111,302 1,743,495 Operating lease right of use assets 21,517 22,843 Property, plant, and equipment, net 45,519 45,509 Goodwill 228,696 228,650 Intangibles, net 132,107 137,314 Long-term investments 31,659 33,015 Other long-term assets 8,571 4,605 Total assets $ 2,579,371 $ 2,215,431 LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY Current liabilities Liabilities on borrowed metals $ 58,649 $ 46,051 Product financing arrangements 377,028 484,733 Accounts payable and other payables 80,021 22,248 Deferred revenue and other advances 779,621 426,904 Derivative liabilities 213,853 96,177 Accrued liabilities 29,716 34,021 Notes payable 4,194 3,994 Total current liabilities 1,543,082 1,114,128 Lines of credit 290,000 345,000 Notes payable 3,339 3,349 Deferred tax liabilities 18,202 18,335 Other liabilities 27,653 31,948 Total liabilities 1,882,276 1,512,760 Commitments and contingencies Stockholders’ equity Preferred stock, $ 0.01 par value, authorized 10,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding: none as of September 30, 2025 or June 30, 2025 — — Common stock, par value $ 0.01 ; 40,000,000 shares authorized; 24,644,386 and 24,639,386 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2025 and June 30, 2025, respectively 247 247 Additional paid-in capital 185,382 184,998 Accumulated other comprehensive income 206 212 Retained earnings 458,137 464,059 Total A-Mark Precious Metals, Inc. stockholders’ equity 643,972 649,516 Noncontrolling interests 53,123 53,155 Total stockholders’ equity 697,095 702,671 Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 2,579,371 $ 2,215,431 See accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements 4 A-MARK PRECIOUS METALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STAT EMENTS OF INCOME (in thousands, except for share and per share data; unaudited) Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 2024 Revenues $ 3,680,766 $ 2,715,096 Cost of sales 3,607,869 2,671,653 Gross profit 72,897 43,443 Selling, general, and administrative expenses ( 59,822 ) ( 26,617 ) Depreciation and amortization expense ( 7,583 ) ( 4,709 ) Interest income 5,571 7,087 Interest expense ( 12,600 ) ( 9,987 ) Earnings (losses) from equity method investments ( 908 ) 578 Other income, net 2,233 200 Unrealized (losses) gains on foreign exchange ( 99 ) 178 Net (loss) income before provision before income taxes ( 311 ) 10,173 Income tax expense ( 660 ) ( 1,755 ) Net (loss) income ( 971 ) 8,418 Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests ( 32 ) ( 566 ) Net (loss) income attributable to the Company $ ( 939 ) $ 8,984 Basic and diluted net (loss) income per share attributable to A-Mark Precious Metals, Inc.: Basic $ ( 0.04 ) $ 0.39 Diluted $ ( 0.04 ) $ 0.37 Weighted-average shares outstanding: Basic 24,696,600 23,028,600 Diluted 24,696,600 23,979,500 See accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements 5 A-MARK PRECIOUS METALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (in thousands, except for share data; unaudited) Common Stock Additional Paid-in Retained Accumulated other comprehensive Treasury Stock Total A-Mark Precious Metals, Inc. Stockholders' Non-controlling Total Stockholders’ Shares Amount Capital Earnings income (loss) Shares Amount Equity Interest Equity Balance, June 30, 2024 23,965,427 $ 240 $ 168,771 $ 466,838 $ 61 ( 1,012,036 ) $ ( 28,277 ) $ 607,633 $ 54,223 $ 661,856 Net income — — — 8,984 — — — 8,984 ( 566 ) 8,418 Share-based compensation — — 320 — — — — 320 — 320 Cumulative translation adjustment, net of tax — — — — 106 — — 106 — 106 Exercise of share-based awards 230,668 2 3,279 — — — — 3,281 — 3,281 Dividends declared — — 2 ( 9,266 ) — — — ( 9,264 ) — ( 9,264 ) Balance, September 30, 2024 24,196,095 $ 242 $ 172,372 $ 466,556 $ 167 ( 1,012,036 ) $ ( 28,277 ) $ 611,060 $ 53,657 $ 664,717 Balance, June 30, 2025 24,639,386 $ 247 184,998 $ 464,059 $ 212 — $ — $ 649,516 $ 53,155 $ 702,671 Net loss — — — ( 939 ) — — — ( 939 ) ( 32 ) ( 971 ) Share-based compensation — — 375 — — — — 375 — 375 Cumulative translation adjustment, net of tax — — — — ( 6 ) — — ( 6 ) — ( 6 ) Exercise of share-based awards 5,000 — 6 — — — — 6 — 6 Dividends declared — — 3 ( 4,983 ) — — — ( 4,980 ) — ( 4,980 ) Balance, September 30, 2025 24,644,386 $ 247 $ 185,382 $ 458,137 $ 206 — $ — $ 643,972 $ 53,123 $ 697,095 See accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements 6 A-MARK PRECIOUS METALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEM ENTS OF CASH FLOWS (in thousands; unaudited) Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 2024 Cash flows from operating activities: Net (loss) income $ ( 971 ) $ 8,418 Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash flows from operating activities: Depreciation and amortization 7,583 4,709 Amortization of loan cost 1,635 665 Share-based compensation 375 320 Losses (earnings) from equity method investments 908 ( 578 ) Other ( 1,796 ) 1,254 Changes in assets and liabilities: Receivables, net ( 148,477 ) ( 35,235 ) Secured loans made to affiliates — ( 4,816 ) Derivative assets ( 255,659 ) 5,999 Income tax receivable 3 ( 776 ) Precious metals held under financing arrangements — ( 5,288 ) Inventories 56,451 ( 180,155 ) Prepaid expenses and other assets ( 2,118 ) ( 987 ) Accounts payable and other payables 57,772 ( 8,119 ) Deferred revenue and other advances 352,717 64,270 Derivative liabilities 117,676 19,294 Liabilities on borrowed metals 12,598 7,494 Accrued liabilities ( 3,280 ) ( 3,998 ) Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 195,417 ( 127,529 ) Cash flows from investing activities: Capital expenditures for property, plant, and equipment ( 1,974 ) ( 607 ) Secured loans receivable, net ( 9,590 ) 16,001 Other 155 87 Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities ( 11,409 ) 15,481 Cash flows from financing activities: Product financing arrangements, net ( 107,705 ) 24,000 Dividends paid ( 4,984 ) ( 4,633 ) Borrowings under lines of credit 371,000 542,000 Repayments under lines of credit ( 426,000 ) ( 450,000 ) Proceeds from notes payable to related party 200 — Repayments on notes payable to related party — ( 1,672 ) Debt funding issuance costs ( 2,641 ) ( 2,640 ) Proceeds from the exercise of share-based awards 6 3,281 Other ( 2,404 ) — Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities ( 172,528 ) 110,336 Net increase (decrease) in cash 11,480 ( 1,712 ) Cash, beginning of period 77,741 48,636 Cash, end of period $ 89,221 $ 46,924 Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: Cash paid during the period for: Interest paid $ 10,594 $ 10,981 Income taxes paid $ 697 $ 2,732 Income taxes refunded $ 58 $ 200 Non-cash investing and financing activities: Declared distributions and unpaid dividends $ 1 $ 4,631 Property, plant, and equipment acquired on account $ ( 464 ) $ — See accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements 7 A-MARK PRECIOUS METALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLI DATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited) 1. DESCRIPTIO N OF BUSINESS Basis of Presentation The consolidated financial statements comprise those of A-Mark Precious Metals, Inc. ("A-Mark", also referred to as "we", "us", and the "Company"), its consolidated subsidiaries, and its joint venture in which the Company has a controlling interest. Business Segments The Company conducts its operations in three reportable segments: (i) Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services, (ii) Direct-to-Consumer, and (iii) Secured Lending. See Note 19 for further information regarding our reportable segments. Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services The Company operates its Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services segment directly and through its consolidated subsidiaries, A-Mark Trading AG (“AMTAG”), Transcontinental Depository Services, LLC ("TDS"), A-M Global Logistics, LLC (“AMGL” or "Logistics"), AM&ST Associates, LLC ("AMST" or the "Silver Towne Mint"), AM/LPM Ventures, LLC, which owns a majority interest in LPM Group Limited ("LPM"), Spectrum Group International, LLC, which was formed in February 2025 to acquire all of the stock of Spectrum Group International, Inc. ("SGI"), Pinehurst Coin Exchange, Inc. ("Pinehurst"), which was acquired in February 2025, and AM Precious Metals Singapore PTE Ltd. The Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services segment operates as a full-service precious metals company. We offer gold, silver, platinum, and palladium in the form of bars, plates, powder, wafers, grain, ingots, and coins. We sell more than 2,000 coin and bar products in a variety of weights, shapes, and sizes for distribution to dealers and other qualified purchasers. We have a marketing support office in Vienna, Austria, a numismatics showroom in Hong Kong, and a trading center in El Segundo, California. The trading center, for buying and selling precious metals, is available to receive orders 24 hours every day, even when many major world commodity markets are closed. A-Mark offers its customers a variety of ancillary services, including financing, storage, consignment, logistics, and various customized financial programs. As a U.S. Mint-authorized purchaser of gold, silver, platinum, and palladium coins, A-Mark purchases product directly from the U.S. Mint, and it also purchases product from other sovereign mints, for sale to its customers. Through its wholly-owned subsidiary AMTAG, the Company promotes its products and services to certain international markets. Through its wholly-owned subsidiary TDS, the Company offers a variety of managed storage options for precious metals products to financial institutions, dealers, investors, and collectors around the world. The Company's wholly-owned subsidiary AMGL is based in Las Vegas, Nevada, and provides our customers an array of complementary services, including receiving, handling, inventorying, processing, packing, and shipping of precious metals and custom coins on a secure basis. Through its wholly-owned subsidiary AMST, the Company designs and produces minted silver products. Our Silver Towne Mint operations allow us to provide greater product selection to our customers as well as to gain increased access to silver during volatile market environments, which have historically created higher demand for precious metals products. The Company operates LPM, its Asia headquarters, through its subsidiary AM/LPM Ventures, LLC. Based in Hong Kong, LPM offers the Company's full-service precious metals products and services in Asia and internationally. The Company acquired SGI in February 2025. SGI is the parent of Stack’s-Bowers Numismatics LLC, d/b/a Stack’s Bowers Galleries ("Stack's Bowers Galleries"), one of the world's largest rare coin and currency auction houses and a leading dealer specializing in numismatic and bullion products. SGI is also the majority owner of Spectrum Wine, a global auctioneer, retailer, and storage provider of fine and rare wine. SGI's financial results in periods following the acquisition attributable to its wholesale operations are included in our Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services segment, and the financial results in periods following the acquisition attributable to its auction and retail operations are included in our Direct-to-Consumer segment. (As used herein, and as the context may require, the term "SGI" refers to Spectrum Group International, Inc. and its successor company Spectrum Group International, LLC.) 8 In 2019, the Company acquired its initial 10 % ownership interest in Pinehurst. In 2021, the Company made an incremental investment to increase its ownership interest in Pinehurst to 49 %. In February 2025, the Company acquired the additional 51 % ownership interest in Pinehurst it did not previously own. Founded in 2005, Pinehurst services the wholesale and retail marketplace and is one of the nation's largest e-commerce retailers of modern and numismatic certified coins on eBay. Pinehurst's financial results attributable to its wholesale operations are included in our Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services segment, and the financial results attributable to its retail operations are included in our Direct-to-Consumer segment. Direct-to- Consumer The Company operates its Direct-to-Consumer segment through its wholly-owned subsidiaries JM Bullion, Inc. (“JMB”), Goldline, Inc. (“Goldline”), SGI, Pinehurst, AMS Holding, LLC ("AMS"), AM LPM Singapore PTE Ltd., and through its investment in Silver Gold Bull, Inc. ("SGB"). As of September 30, 2025, JMB had several wholly-owned subsidiaries, including: Buy Gold and Silver Corp. ("BGASC"), BX Corporation ("BullionMax"), Gold Price Group, Inc. (“GPG”), Silver.com, Inc. (“Silver.com”), Provident Metals Corp. (“PMC”), and CyberMetals Corp. ("CyberMetals"). Goldline, Inc. owns 100% of AM IP Assets, LLC ("AMIP") . SGB and Goldline each have a 50 % ownership interest in Precious Metals Purchasing Partners, LLC ("PMPP"). As the context requires, references in these notes to JMB may include BGASC, BullionMax, GPG, Silver.com, PMC, and CyberMetals, and references to Goldline may include AMIP and PMPP. JM Bullion, Inc. JMB is a leading e-commerce retailer providing access to a broad array of gold, silver, copper, platinum, and palladium products through its websites. JMB owns and operates numerous websites targeting specific niches within the precious metals retail market, including JMBullion.com, ProvidentMetals.com, Silver.com, CyberMetals.com, GoldPrice.org, SilverPrice.org, BGASC.com, BullionMax.com, and Gold.com. Typically, JMB offers approximately 7,000 different products during a fiscal year, measured by stock keeping units or SKUs, on its websites. This number can vary over time, particularly when demand is high and certain SKUs may be out of stock. In April 2022, JMB commercially launched the CyberMetals online platform, where customers can purchase and sell fractional shares of digital gold, silver, platinum, and palladium bars in a range of denominations. CyberMetals’ customers have the option to convert their digital holdings to fabricated precious metals products via an integrated redemption flow with JMB. These products may be designated by the customer for storage by the Company or shipped directly to the customer. Goldline, Inc. The Company acquired Goldline in August 2017 through an asset purchase transaction with Goldline, LLC, which had been in operation since 1960. Goldline is a direct retailer of precious metals to the investor community, and markets its precious metal products on television, radio, and the internet, as well as through customer service outreach. Goldline’s subsidiary AMIP manages its intellectual property. PMPP was formed in fiscal 2019 pursuant to terms of a joint venture agreement with SGB, for the purpose of purchasing precious metals from the partners' retail customers, and then reselling the acquired products back to affiliates of the partners. PMPP commenced its operations in fiscal 2020. Silver Gold Bull, Inc. In 2014, the Company acquired its initial ownership interest in SGB, a leading e-commerce precious metals retailer in Canada. Through its website, SilverGoldBull.com, SGB offers a variety of products from gold, silver, platinum, and palladium bars, coins and rounds, as well as certified coins from mints around the world. In 2018 and 2022, the Company made incremental investments to increase its ownership interest in SGB to 47.4 % as of June 2022. Also in June 2022, the Company acquired an option to purchase an additional 27.6 % of the outstanding equity of SGB to bring the Company's ownership interest up to 75 %. In June 2024, the Company exercised part of its option and acquired an additional 8 % ownership interest in SGB for $ 9.6 million, increasing its ownership interest to 55.4 %, at which point SGB became a consolidated subsidiary of the Company. The increased investment in SGB allows the Company to continue its strategy to further expand internationally, particularly in Canada. In June 2024, SGB declared a $ 15.9 million dividend to existing shareholders based on certain levels of working capital. As of September 30, 2025 , the dividend was paid in full, including a dividend paid to the Company from SGB in September 2024 of $ 7.5 million. 9 Spectrum Group International, LLC SGI, which we acquired in February 2025, is the parent company of Stack's Bowers Galleries, which is one of the world's largest rare coin and currency auction houses and a leading wholesale and retail dealer specializing in numismatic and bullion products. Its auction services unit conducts in-person, internet and specialized auctions of consigned and owned items and has sold a wide range of the most important rarities and numismatic collections over its distinguished history. SGI's financial results attributable to its wholesale operations are included in our Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services segment, and the financial results attributable to its auction and retail operations are included in our Direct-to-Consumer segment. Pinehurst Coin Exchange, Inc. In February 2025, the Company acquired the remaining outstanding equity interests in Pinehurst it did not previously own. Pinehurst is a leading precious metals broker that services the wholesale and retail marketplace and is one of the nation’s largest e-commerce retailers of modern and numismatic coins on eBay. Pinehurst operates the www.PinehurstCoins.com and www.ModernCoinMart.com websites. Pinehurst's financial results attributable to its wholesale operations are included in our Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services segment, and the financial results attributable to its retail operations are included in our Direct-to-Consumer segment. AMS A-Mark, in connection with its acquisition of LPM in February 2024, formed a joint venture with Stack's Bowers Galleries and Pinehurst to acquire a 10 % interest in AMS Holding, LLC ("AMS"). In April 2025, A-Mark acquired the remaining 90 % of its outstanding equity interests it did not previously own. A-Mark had supplied bullion and related products to AMS for over ten years. The foundation of AMS brings together four decades of collector relationships with modern technology and compelling coin offerings that are sold through the GOVMINT brand and continues the Company's strategy to expand its footprint into the luxury precious metals market. Secured Lending The Company operates its Secured Lending segment through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Collateral Finance Corporation, LLC, including its wholly-owned subsidiary, CFC Alternative Investments (“CAI”) (collectively “CFC”). CFC is a California licensed finance lender that originates and acquires commercial loans secured primarily by bullion and numismatic coins. CFC's customers include coin and precious metal dealers, investors, and collectors. CAI is a holding company that has a 50 %-ownership stake in Collectible Card Partners, LLC ("CCP"). CCP provides capital to fund commercial loans secured by graded sports c ards. (See Note 14 .) 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFIC ANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Principles of Consolidation The condensed consolidated financial statements reflect the financial condition, results of operations, statements of stockholders’ equity, and cash flows of the Company, and were prepared using accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”). The Company consolidates its subsidiaries that are wholly-owned, and majority owned, and entities that are variable interest entities where the Company is determined to be the primary beneficiary. In addition to A-Mark, our consolidated financial statements include the accounts of: AMTAG, TDS, AMGL, AMST, AM/LPM Ventures, SGI, Pinehurst, AM Precious Metals Singapore PTE Ltd., JMB, Goldline, SGB, AMS, AM LPM Singapore PTE Ltd., and CFC. Intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated. Comprehensive Income Our other comprehensive income and losses are comprised of unrealized gains and losses associated with the translation of foreign-based equity method investments which are shown in our condensed consolidated statements of stockholders' equity. 10 Use of Estimates The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. These estimates include, among others, determination of fair value (primarily, with respect to precious metal inventory, derivatives, assets and liabilities acquired in business combinations, certain financial instruments, and certain investments); impairment assessments of property, plant and equipment, long-term investments, intangible assets, and goodwill; valuation allowance determination on deferred tax assets; determining the incremental borrowing rate for calculating right of use assets and lease liabilities; and revenue recognition judgments. Actual results could materially differ from these estimates. Unaudited Interim Financial Information The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared by the Company pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) for interim financial reporting. These interim condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited and, in the opinion of management, include all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments and accruals) necessary to present fairly the condensed consolidated balance sheets, condensed consolidated statements of income, condensed consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity, and condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the periods presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Operating results for the three months ended September 30, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending June 30, 20 26 or for any other interim period during such fiscal year. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been omitted in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC. These interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto contained in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025 (the “2025 Annual Report”), as filed with the SEC. Amounts related to disclosure of June 30, 2025 balances within these interim condensed consolidated financial statements were derived from the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the 2025 Annual Report. Fair Value Measurement ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures ("ASC 820") creates a single definition of fair value for financial reporting. The rules associated with ASC 820 state that valuation techniques consistent with the market approach, income approach, and/or cost approach should be used to estimate fair value. Selection of a valuation technique, or multiple valuation techniques, depends on the nature of the asset or liability being valued, as well as the availability of data. (See Note 3 . ) Concentration of Credit Risk Cash is maintained at financial institutions, and, at times, balances exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses related to these balances. Assets that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of receivables, loans of inventory to customers, and inventory hedging transactions. Based on an assessment of credit risk, the Company typically grants collateralized credit to its customers. Credit risk with respect to loans of inventory to customers is minimal. The Company enters into inventory hedging transactions, principally utilizing metals commodity futures contracts traded on national futures exchanges or forward contracts with credit worthy financial institutions. All of our commodity derivative contracts are under master netting arrangements and include both asset and liability positions. Substantially all of these transactions are secured by the underlying metals positions. Foreign Currency The functional currency of the Company is the United States dollar ("USD"). All transactions in foreign currencies are recorded in USD at the then-current exchange rate(s). Upon settlement of the underlying transaction, all amounts are remeasured to USD at the current exchange rate on date of settlement. All unsettled foreign currency transactions that remain in accounts receivable and trade account payables are remeasured to USD at the period end exchange rates. Foreign currency remeasurement gains and losses are recorded in the current period earnings. The Company has foreign subsidiaries that generate foreign currency remeasurement gains and losses. Because these entities have a functional currency of USD, foreign currency remeasurement gains and losses from these foreign subsidiaries are recorded in the current period earnings. 11 For the Company’s foreign-based equity method investments, the proportionate share of the investee’s income or loss is translated into USD at the average exchange rate for the period and the investment is translated using the exchange rate as of the end of the reporting period. The unrealized gains and losses associated with the translation of the investment are deferred in accumulated other comprehensive income on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets. To manage the effect of foreign currency exchange fluctuations, the Company utilizes foreign currency forward contracts. These derivatives generate gains and losses when settled and/or marked-to-market. Business Combinations The Company accounts for business combinations by applying the acquisition method in accordance with Business Combinations Topic 805 of the ASC (“ASC 805”). The Company evaluates each purchase transaction to determine whether the acquired assets meet the definition of a business. Transaction costs related to the acquisition of a business are expensed as incurred and excluded from the fair value of consideration transferred. The identifiable assets acquired, liabilities assumed and noncontrolling interests, if any, in an acquired entity are recognized and measured at their estimated fair values. The excess of the fair value of consideration transferred over the fair values of identifiable assets acquired, liabilities assumed and noncontrolling interests, if any, in an acquired entity is recorded as goodwill. Such valuations require management to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets and liabilities. Net cash paid to acquire a business is classified as investing activities on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. In circumstances where an acquisition involves a contingent consideration arrangement that meets the definition of a liability under ASC Topic 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity , we recognize a liability equal to the fair value of the expected contingent payments as of the acquisition date. We remeasure this liability each reporting period, with the resulting changes recorded in earnings. The assumptions used in estimating fair value of contingent consideration liabilities require significant judgment; the use of different assumptions and judgments could result in a materially different estimate of fair value which may have a material impact on our results from operations and financial position. Variable Interest Entity A variable interest entity ("VIE") is a legal entity that has either (i) a total equity investment that is insufficient to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support or (ii) whose equity investors as a group lack the ability to control the entity’s activities or lack the ability to receive expected benefits or absorb obligations in a manner that is consistent with their investment in the entity. A VIE is consolidated for accounting purposes by its primary beneficiary, which is the party that has both the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the VIE's economic performance, and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The Company consolidates VIEs when it is deemed to be the primary beneficiary. Management regularly reviews and re-evaluates its previous determinations regarding whether it holds a variable interest in potential VIEs, the status of an entity as a VIE, and whether the Company is required to consolidate such VIEs in its condensed consolidated financial statements. Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less, when purchased, to be cash equivalents. The Company did not have any cash equivalents as of September 30, 2025 and June 30, 2025 . Allowance for Credit Losses ASC 326 prescribes a credit reserving methodology known as the Current Expected Credit Loss ("CECL") model which applies to financial assets measured at amortized cost, including accounts receivable, contract assets and held-to-maturity loan receivables. Under the CECL model, we identify allowances for credit losses based on future expected losses when accounts receivable, contract assets or held-to-maturity loan receivables are created rather than when losses are probable. The Company sets credit and position risk limits based on management's judgments of the customer's creditworthiness and regularly monitors its credit arrangements. These limits include gross position limits for counterparties engaged in sales and purchase transactions with the Company. They also include collateral limits for different types of sale and purchase transactions that counterparties may engage in from time to time. 12 ASC 326 provides a practical expedient for assets secured by collateral when repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the sale of the collateral in the event of the borrower's financial difficulty. In these arrangements, a reporting entity may estimate the expected credit losses by comparing the fair value of the collateral as of the balance sheet date to the asset’s amortized cost basis. In situations when the fair value of the collateral is equal to or greater than the amortized cost, a reporting entity may determine that there are no expected credit losses. The Company applies the practical expedient based on collateral maintenance provisions in estimating an allowance for credit losses for its secured loan receivables activity. The Company has not historically experienced credit losses related to its lending activity, and since it does not expect any future losses, no allowance has been recorded for this asset class. We expect trends and business practices to continue in a manner consistent with historical activity. The Company has not historically experienced credit losses related to its other receivables activity; including (i) customer trade receivables, (ii) wholesale trade advances, and (iii) due from brokers, and, accordingly, no allowance has been recorded for these asset classes. Inventories The Company's inventory, which consists primarily of bullion and bullion coins, is acquired and initially recorded at cost and then marked to fair market value. The fair market value of the bullion and bullion coins comprises two components: (i) published market values attributable to the cost of the raw precious metal, and (ii) the market value of the premium, which is attributable to the incremental value of the product in its finished goods form. The market value attributable solely to such premium is readily determinable by reference to multiple sources. The Company’s inventory, except for certain lower of cost or net realizable value basis products (as discussed below), are subsequently recorded at their fair market values, that is, "marked-to-market." The daily changes in the fair market value of our inventory are offset by daily changes in the fair market value of hedging derivatives that are taken with respect to our inventory positions; both the change in the fair market value of the inventory and the change in the fair market value of these derivative instruments are recorded in cost of sales in the condensed consolidated statements of income. While the premium component of our bullion coins included in inventory is marked-to-market, our collectible coin inventory, including its premium component, is held at the lower of cost or net realizable value, because the value of collectible coins is influenced more by supply and demand determinants than by the underlying spot price of the precious metal content of the collectible coins. Cost is determined using various methods, including the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method and the specific identification method, depending on the nature of the inventory. Unlike our bullion coins, the value of collectible coins is not subject to the same level of volatility as bullion coins because our collectible coins typically carry a substantially higher premium over the spot metal price than bullion coins. Neither the collectible coin inventory nor the premium component of our inventory is hedged. (See Note 6 .) Leased Right of Use Assets We lease warehouse space, office facilities, and equipment. Our operating leases with terms longer than twelve months are recorded at the sum of the present value of the lease's fixed minimum payments as operating lease right of use assets ("ROU assets") in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets. Lease terms include all periods covered by renewal and termination options where the Company is reasonably certain to exercise the renewal options or not to exercise the termination options. Our lease agreements do not contain any significant residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. Our finance leases are another type of ROU asset, but are classified in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets as a component of property, plant, and equipment at the present value of the lease payments. Finance leases were not material during any period presented. The ROU asset amounts include any initial direct costs incurred and lease payments made at or before the commencement date and are reduced by lease incentives. We use our incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate to determine the present value of the lease payments for leases, as our leases do not have readily determinable implicit discount rates. Our incremental borrowing rate is the rate of interest that we would incur to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term and amount in a similar economic environment. The Company has made an accounting policy election not to separate lease and non-lease components for its real estate leases and to exclude short-term leases with a term of twelve months or less from its ROU assets and lease liabilities. Operating lease cost is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The depreciable life of ROU assets is limited by the expected lease term, unless there is a transfer of title or purchase option reasonably certain of exercise. (See Note 7. ) For a lease modification, an evaluation is performed to determine if it should be treated as either a separate lease or a change in the accounting of an existing lease. Any amounts related to a modified lease are reflected as an operating lease ROU asset or related operating lease liability in our condensed consolidated balance sheet. 13 Property, Plant, and Equipment Property, plant, and equipment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are calculated using a straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives of the related assets, ranging from three years to 39 years . Depreciation and amortization commence when the related assets are placed into service. Land is recorded at historical cost and is not depreciated. Repair and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. Internal-use software development costs are capitalized during the application development stage. Internal-use software costs incurred during the preliminary project stage are expensed as incurred. Capitalization ceases once the software is ready for its intended use and placed into service. Assets associated with failed sale-leaseback transactions are accounted for as property, plant, and equipment in accordance with ASC Topic 842 – Leases . These assets remain on the balance sheet and continue to be depreciated over their useful lives, as the criteria for sale accounting were not met. The Company reviews the carryi ng value of these assets for impairment whenever events and circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. In evaluating for impairment, the carrying value of each asset or group of assets is compared to the undiscounted estimated future cash flows expected to result from its use and eventual disposition. An impairment loss is recognized for the difference when the carrying value exceeds the discounted estimated future cash flows. The factors considered by the Company in performing this assessment include current and projected operating results, trends and prospects, the manner in which these assets are used, and the effects of obsolescence, demand and competition, as well as other economic factors. Finite-lived Intangible Assets Finite-lived intangible assets consist primarily of customer relationships, developed technology, and non-compete agreements. Certain existing customer relationships intangible assets are amortized in a non-linear manner which best reflects our estimate of the pattern in which the economic benefits of the assets are consumed. All other intangible assets subject to amortization are amortized using the straight-line method over their useful lives, which are estimated to be one year to fifteen years . We review our finite-lived intangible assets for impairment under the same policy described above for property, plant, and equipment; that is, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. Goodwill and Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets Goodwill is recorded when the purchase price paid for an acquisition exceeds the estimated fair value of the net identified tangible and intangible assets acquired. Goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangibles (such as trade names, trademarks, and domain names) are not subject to amortization, but are evaluated for impairment at least annually. For tax purposes, goodwill acquired in connection with a taxable asset acquisition is generally deductible. The Company evaluates its goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangibles for impairment in the fourth quarter of the fiscal year (or more frequently if indicators of potential impairment exist) in accordance with ASC 350. Goodwill is reviewed for impairment at a reporting unit level, which for the Company, corresponds to the Company’s operating segments. Evaluation of goodwill for impairment The Company has the option to first qualitatively assess whether relevant events and circumstances make it more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit's goodwill is less than its carrying value. A qualitative assessment includes analyzing current economic indicators associated with a particular reporting unit such as changes in economic, market and industry conditions, business strategy, cost factors, and financial performance, among others, to determine if there would be a significant decline to the fair value of a particular reporting unit. If the qualitative assessment indicates it is not more likely than not that goodwill is impaired, no further testing is required. If, based on this qualitative assessment, management concludes that goodwill is more likely than not to be impaired, or elects not to perform the qualitative assessment, then it is required to perform a quantitative analysis to determine the fair value of the business, and compare the calculated fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If through this quantitative analysis the Company determines the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, the goodwill of the reporting unit is considered not to be impaired. If the Company concludes that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value, a goodwill impairment loss will be recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value. (See Note 9 .) 14 Evaluation of indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment The Company evaluates its indefinite-lived intangible assets (i.e., trade names, trademarks, and domain names) for impairment. In assessing its indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment, the Company has the option to first perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether events or circumstances exist that lead to a determination that it is unlikely that the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying amount. If the Company determines that it is unlikely that the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying amount, the Company is not required to perform any additional tests in assessing the asset for impairment. However, if the Company concludes otherwise or elects not to perform the qualitative assessment, then it is required to perform a quantitative analysis to determine if the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying value. If through this quantitative analysis the Company determines the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset exceeds its carrying amount, the indefinite-lived intangible asset is considered not to be impaired. If the Company concludes that the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying value, an impairment loss will be recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the indefinite-lived intangible asset’s fair value. The methods used to estimate the fair value measurements of the Company’s reporting units and indefinite-lived intangible assets include those based on the income approach (including the discounted cash flow and relief-from-royalty methods) and those based on the market approach (primarily the guideline transaction and guideline public company methods). (See Note 9 .) Long-Term Investments Investments in privately-held entities are accounted for using the equity method when the Company has significant influence, but not control, over the investee. Significant influence is generally deemed to exist if the Company’s ownership interest in the voting stock of the investee ranges between 20 % and 50 %, although other factors are considered in determining whether the equity method of accounting is appropriate. Under the equity method, the carrying values of these investments are adjusted to reflect our proportionate share of the investee's net income or loss, any unrealized gain or loss resulting from the translation of foreign-denominated financial statements into U.S. dollars, and dividends received. We use the cumulative earnings approach for classifying dividends received in the statements of cash flows. Under the cumulative earnings approach, we compare the distributions received to cumulative equity method earnings since inception. Any distributions received up to the amount of cumulative equity earnings are considered a return on investment and classified in operating activities. Any excess distributions are considered a return of capital and classified in investing activities. The basis difference between the carrying value of our equity method investment and our proportionate share of the investee’s book value primarily arises from the recognition of intangible assets and goodwill. This reflects the excess of purchase consideration over the fair value of the investee’s identifiable net assets at the acquisition date. Investments in privately-held entities for which the Company has little or no influence over the investee are initially recorded at cost. Because the investments do not have a readily determinable fair value, the Company has elected to measure the investments at cost minus impairments, if any, with changes recognized in earnings. If the Company identifies observable price changes in orderly transactions for an identical or a similar investment, the Company’s investment will be measured at fair value as of the date the observable transaction occurs. We evaluate our long-term investments for impairment annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that a decline in the fair value of these assets is determined to be other-than-temporary. Additionally, the Company performs an ongoing evaluation of the investments with which the Company has variable interests to determine if any of these entities are VIEs that are required to be consolidated. None of the Company’s long-term investments were VIEs as of September 30, 2025 and June 30, 2025 . Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income For the Company’s foreign-based equity method investments, the proportionate share of the investee’s income or loss is translated into U.S. dollars at the average exchange rate for the period and the investment is translated using the exchange rate as of the end of the reporting period. Foreign currency translation gains and losses associated with this activity are deferred and included as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. Treasury Stock The Company periodically purchases its own common stock that is traded on public markets as part of announced stock repurchase programs. The repurchased common stock is classified as treasury stock on the consolidated balance sheets and held at cost. The direct costs incurred to acquire treasury stock are treated like stock issue costs and added to the cost of the treasury stock, which includes applicable fees and taxes. We reissued treasury stock for the share consideration to acquire LPM in February 2024; we subsequently repurchased these shares in November 2024. We also reissued treasury stock for a portion of the share consideration to acquire SGI in February 2025. 15 Noncontrolling Interests The Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements include entities in which the Company has a controlling financial interest. Noncontrolling interest is the portion of equity (net assets) in an entity in which the Company has a controlling financial interest that is not attributable, directly or indirectly, to the Company. Such noncontrolling interest is reported on the condensed consolidated balance sheets within equity, separately from the Company’s equity. On the condensed consolidated statements of income, revenues, expenses and net income or loss from the less-than-wholly owned subsidiary are reported at their consolidated amounts, including both the amounts attributable to the Company and the noncontrolling interest. Income or loss is allocated to the noncontrolling interest based on its weighted-average ownership percentage for the applicable period. The condensed consolidated statements of equity include beginning balances, activity for the period and ending balances for each component of stockholders’ equity, noncontrolling interest and total equity. Revenue Recognition Settlement Date Accounting The majority of the Company’s sales of precious metals are conducted using sales contracts that meet the definition of derivative instruments in accordance with Derivatives and Hedging Topic 815 of the ASC ("ASC 815"). The contract underlying the Company's commitment to deliver precious metals is referred to as a “fixed-price forward commodity contract” because the price of the commodity is fixed at the time the order is placed. Revenue is recognized on the settlement date, which is defined as the date on which: (i) the quantity, price, and specific items being purchased have been established, (ii) metals have been delivered to the customer, and (iii) payment has been received or is covered by the customer’s established credit limit with the Company. All derivative instruments are marked-to-market during the interval between the order date and the settlement date, with the changes in the fair value charged to cost of sales. The Company’s hedging strategy to mitigate the market risk associated with its sales commitments is described separately below under the caption “Hedging Activities.” Types of Orders that are Physically Delivered The Company’s contracts to sell precious metals to customers are usually settled with the physical delivery of metals to the customer, although net settlement (i.e., settlement at an amount equal to the difference between the contract value and the market price of the metal on the settlement date) is permitted. Below is a summary of the Company’s major order types and the key factors that determine when settlement occurs and when revenue is recognized for each type: • Traditional physical orders — The quantity, specific product, and price are determined on the order date. Payment or sufficient credit is verified prior to delivery of the metals on the settlement date. • Consignment orders — The Company delivers the items requested by the customer prior to establishing a firm order with a price. Settlement occurs and revenue is recognized once the customer confirms its order (quantity, specific product, and price) and remits full payment for the sale. • Provisional orders — The quantity and type of metal is established at the order date, but the price is not set. The customer commits to purchasing the metals within a specified time period, usually within one year , at the then-current market price. The Company delivers the metal to the customer after receiving the customer’s deposit, which is typically based on 110 % of the prevailing current spot price. The unpriced metal is subject to a margin call if the deposit falls below 105 % of the value of the unpriced metal. The purchase price is established, and revenue is recognized at the time the customer notifies the Company that it desires to purchase the metal. • Margin orders — The quantity, specific product, and price are determined at the order date; however, the customer is allowed to finance the transaction through the Company and to defer delivery by committing to remit a partial payment (approximately 20 %) of the total order price. With the remittance of the partial payment, the customer locks in the purchase price for a specified time period (usually up to two years from the order date). Revenue on margin orders is recognized when the order is paid in full and delivered to the customer. • Borrowed precious metals orders for unallocated positions — Customers may purchase unallocated metal positions in the Company's inventory, which includes precious metals held for CyberMetals' customers. The quantity and type of metal is established at the order date, but the specific product is not yet determined . Revenue is not recognized until the customer selects the specific precious metal product it wishes to purchase, full payment is received, and the product is delivered to the customer. In general, unshipped orders for which a customer advance has been received by the Company are classified as advances from customers. Orders that have been paid for and shipped, but not yet delivered to the customer are classified as deferred revenue. Both customer advances and deferred revenue are shown, in the aggregate, as deferred revenue and other advances in the condensed consolidated financial statements. (See Note 11 .) 16 Hedging Activities The value of our inventory and our purchase and sale commitments are linked to the prevailing price of the underlying precious metal commodity. The Company seeks to minimize the effect of price changes of the underlying commodity and enters into inventory hedging transactions, principally utilizing metals commodity forward contracts with credit worthy financial institutions or futures contracts traded on national futures exchanges. The Company hedges by each commodity type (gold, silver, platinum, and palladium). All of our commodity derivative contracts are under master netting arrangements and include both asset and liability positions. Commodity forward and futures contracts entered into for hedging purposes are recorded at fair value on the trade date and are marked-to-market each period. The difference between the original contract values and the market values of these contracts are reflected as derivative assets or derivative liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets at fair value, with the corresponding unrealized gains or losses included as a component of cost of sales. When these contracts are net settled, the unrealized gains and losses are reversed and the realized gains and losses for forward contracts are recorded in revenue and cost of sales, respectively, and the net realized gains and losses for futures are recorded in cost of sales. The Company enters into forward and futures contracts solely for the purpose of hedging our inventory holding risk, and not for speculative market purposes. The Company’s gains and losses on derivative instruments are substantially offset by the changes in the fair market value of the underlying precious metals inventory, which is also recorded in cost of sales in the condensed consolidated statements of income. (See Note 12 .) Revenue from Contracts with Customers The Company recognizes its sale of collectible coins, storage, logistics, licensing, specialized auction, and other services revenues in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers . In aggregate, these types of revenues account for approximately 3 % of the Company's consolidated revenues, or approximately $ 122.4 million during the three months ended September 30, 2025. Approximately 99 % of the Company’s revenue from contracts with customers under ASC 606 consist of sales of numismatic products. Set forth below are the Company's two main methods of delivering numismatic product to customers which dictate how and when revenue is recognized: E-commerce, wholesale, physical retail and phone sales (Pinehurst, SGI and AMS). Under these arrangements, the contract is normally established once the order is placed by the customer, which can be through email, e-commerce order or verbally with a sales representative. Within each contract, each item ordered represents a distinct performance obligation, and revenue is recognized upon delivery of each item. The title to the product transfers to the customer at the time of delivery. There is no variable consideration relating to this type of revenue. Collectability is deemed probable as majority of the sales are prepaid and product is shipped after complete payment has been received. However, there are instances where prolonged credit terms to certain credit-worthy customers are offered which allow customers to split their payments over a set number of installments. The Company determined that the collectability is still probable as these terms are offered only to qualified customers. Normally, there is no difference between the amount the customer pays when they select the option to split their payments or if they have paid in full as there is no interest or financing fees charged. The Company elected to use a practical expedient and not adjust the amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component as the Company expects these to be collected within the 12 month period. The Company offers returns to its customers under a stated return policy where the customer can return the product within an allotted timeline and receive a refund. Revenue is recorded, net of a provision for anticipated returns, which is recorded at each reporting period based on historical experience and current expectations. Costs to obtain the contract with the customer, such as sales commissions paid to internal sales representatives and related wages, are expensed as incurred as they are not expected to be recovered. The Company acts as the principal in these transactions. Sales taxes, value added taxes and other taxes that are collected in connection with revenue transactions are withheld and remitted to the respective taxing authorities and are excluded from revenue. The Company elected to account for shipping and handling as activities to fulfill the promise to transfer the goods. Therefore, shipping and handling fees that are billed to the customer are recognized in revenue and the associated shipping and handling costs are recognized in cost of sales when control of the goods transfers to the customer. 17 Auctions (SGI). For a single auction transaction, there are normally two contracts established with two separate customers resulting in two different revenue streams (sellers commission and buyer’s premium) earned from two different parties – the seller (or consignor) and the buyer. As the Company does not control the underlying inventory and its responsibility is to facilitate a buy-and-sell transaction, the Company is acting as an agent in auction transactions, and revenue is recorded on a net basis. The Company’s performance obligation to the seller is to sell the consigned product through the auction platform. As part of auctioning the consigned item, the Company provides services (marketing, cataloging and others) that are treated as a single performance obligation since they are not distinct and are highly dependent and interrelated within the context of the auction contract. The costs for these services are capitalized and expensed once the auction is completed. Contract assets were not material for any period presented. The Company holds the consigned item as an agent for consignor until title of the consigned item passes directly from the consignor to the buyer. The transaction price is determined based on the hammer price and as a percentage of the winning bid as outlined in the consignor contract. There is no variable consideration relating to the seller’s commission. As the Company is paid by the buyer before the seller can be paid, collection is deemed probable. Once the product is delivered to the buyer, the performance obligation is satisfied and revenue and related expenses are recognized. The Company’s performance obligation to the buyer is to deliver the consigned product to the bidder that won the product at an auction. At the end of an auction, the Company invoices the winning bidder and upon receipt of payment, the Company packages and delivers the items to the winning bidder. The transaction price is determined by the published buyer’s premium amount (typically 20 % of the hammer price). The revenue the Company earns is the buyer's premium and the remainder of the price (the hammer price) is forwarded to the seller. There is no variable consideration on the sales. Customers with established credit may receive the items before payment is collected. Once the product is delivered, the performance obligation is satisfied. Based on the payment prior to shipment and established credit policies, collection is deemed probable. The Company does not offer returns relating to auction sales. Costs involved with fulfilling the contracts in auctions (cataloging, appraising, preparation and performance of an auction, and delivery of goods to winning bidders) are recorded as prepaid assets and expensed at the conclusion of the related auctions. Contract Liabilities Contract liabilities consist of deferred revenue resulting from unfulfilled performance obligations, such as items shipped but not delivered and orders paid or partially paid from certain customers prior to shipment. Contract liabilities were $ 9.1 million and $ 6.9 million as of September 30, 2025 and June 30, 2025 , respectively. Our contract liabilities are expected to be recognized as revenue within next 12 months. Interest Income In accordance with Interest Topic 835 of the ASC ("ASC 835"), the following are interest income generating activities of the Company: • Secured Loans — The Company uses the effective interest method to recognize interest income on its secured loans transactions. The Company maintains a security interest in the precious metals and records interest income over the terms of the secured loan receivable. Recognition of interest income is suspended, and the loan is placed on non-accrual status when management determines that collection of future interest income is not probable. The interest income accrual is resumed, and previously suspended interest income is recognized, when the loan becomes contractually current and/or collection doubts are resolved. Cash receipts on impaired loans are recorded first against the principal and then to any unrecognized interest income. (See Note 5 .) • Margin accounts — The Company earns a fee (interest income) under financing arrangements related to margin orders over the period during which customers have opted to defer making full payment on the purchase of metals. • Repurchase agreements — Repurchase agreements represent a form of secured financing whereby the Company sets aside specific metals for a customer and charges a fee on the outstanding value of these metals. The customer is granted the option (but not the obligation) to repurchase these metals at any time during the open reacquisition period. This fee is earned over the duration of the open reacquisition period and is classified as interest income. • Spot deferred orders — Spot deferred orders are a special type of forward delivery order that enable customers to purchase or sell certain precious metals from/to the Company at an agreed upon price but, are allowed to delay remitting or taking delivery up to a maximum of two years from the date of order. Even though the contract allows for physical delivery, it rarely occurs for this type of order. As a result, revenue is not recorded from these transactions. Spot deferred orders are considered a type of financing transaction, where the Company earns a fee (interest income) under spot deferred arrangements over the period in which the order is open. 18 Interest Expense The Company accounts for interest expense on the following arrangements in accordance with ASC 835: • Borrowings — The Company incurs interest expense from its lines of credit, its debt obligations, and notes payable using the effective interest method. (See Note 15 .) Additionally, the Company amortizes capitalized loan costs to interest expense over the period of the loan agreement. • Loan servicing fees — When the Company purchases loan portfolios, the Company may have the seller service the loans that were purchased. The Company incurs a fee based on total interest charged to borrowers over the period the loans are outstanding. The servicing fee incurred by the Company is charged to interest expense. • Product financing arrangements — The Company incurs financing fees (classified as interest expense) from its product financing arrangements (also referred to as reverse-repurchase arrangements) with third-party finance companies for the transfer and subsequent option or obligation to reacquire its precious metal inventory at a later date. These arrangements are accounted for as secured borrowings. During the term of this type of agreement, the third-party charges a monthly fee as a percentage of the market value of the designated inventory, which the Company intends to reacquire in the future. No revenue is generated from these arrangements. The Company enters this type of transaction for additional liquidity. • Borrowed and leased metals fees — The Company may incur financing costs from its borrowed metal arrangements. The Company borrows precious metals (usually in the form of pool metals) from its suppliers and customers under short-term arrangements using other precious metals as collateral. Typically, during the term of these arrangements, the third-party charges a monthly fee as a percentage of the market value of the metals borrowed (determined at the spot price) plus certain processing and other fees. Leased metal transactions are a similar type of transaction, except the Company is not required to pledge other precious metal as collateral for the precious metal received. The fees charged by the third-party are based on the spot value of the pool metal received. Both borrowed and leased metal transactions provide an additional source of liquidity, as the Company usually monetizes the metals received under such arrangements. Repayment is usually in the same form as the metals advanced, but may be settled in cash. Amortization of Debt Issuance Costs Debt issuance costs incurred in connection with the Trading Credit Facility are included in prepaid expenses and other assets in the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets. Debt issuance costs are amortized to interest expense over the contractual term of the debt. Debt issuance costs of the Trading Credit Facility are amortized on a straight-line basis, while all other debt issuance costs are amortized using the effective interest method. Amortization of debt issuance costs included in interest expense was $ 1.6 million and $ 0.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectiv ely. Earnings from Equity Method Investments The Company's proportional interest in the reported earnings or losses from equity method investments is shown on the condensed consolidated statements of income as earnings (losses) fro m equity method investments. Other Income, Net The Company's other income, net is comprised of royalty and consulting income, which is recognized when earned, gains or losses on other investments, and fair value adjustments to our acquisition-related contingent consideration liabilities. Advertising Advertising and marketing costs consist primarily of internet advertising, online marketing, direct mail, print media, and television commercials and are expensed when incurred. Advertising costs totaled $ 9.8 million and $ 4.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 , respectively. Costs associated with the marketing and promotion of the Company's products are included within selling, general, and administrative expenses. Advertising costs associated with the operation of our SilverPrice.org and GoldPrice.org websites, which provide price information on silver, gold, and cryptocurrencies, are not included within selling, general, and administrative expenses, but are included in cost of sales in the condensed consolidated statements of income. 19 Shipping and Handling Costs Shipping and handling costs represent costs associated with shipping product to customers and receiving product from vendors and are included in cost of sales in the condensed consolidated statements of income. Shipping and handling costs totaled $ 7.2 million and $ 6.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 , respectively. Share-Based Compensation Equity-based awards The Company accounts for equity awards under the provisions of Compensation - Stock Compensation Topic 718 of the ASC ("ASC 718"), which establishes fair value-based accounting requirements for share-based compensation to employees. ASC 718 requires the Company to recognize the grant-date fair value of stock options and other equity-based compensation issued to employees as expense over the service period in the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements. The expense is adjusted (excluding awards settleable in cash) for actual forfeitures of unvested awards as they occur. For equity awards that contain a performance condition other than market condition, when the outcome of the performance condition is determined to be not probable, no compensation expense is recognized, and any previously recognized compensation expense is reversed. (See Note 17 .) Liability - based awards The Company has granted a cash-incentive award based on the total shareholder return of the Company's common stock determined at the end of the award's performance period. Because the award will be settled in cash, the Company accounts for it as a liability-based award and, as such, expense relating to this award is required to be measured at fair value at each reporting date until the date of settlement. (See Note 17 .) Income Taxes As part of the process of preparing its consolidated financial statements, the Company is required to estimate its provision for income taxes in each of the tax jurisdictions in which it conducts business, in accordance with Income Taxes Topic 740 of the ASC ("ASC 740"). The Company computes its annual tax rate based on the statutory tax rates and tax planning opportunities available to it in the various jurisdictions in which it earns income. Significant judgment is required in determining the Company's annual tax rate and in evaluating uncertainty in its tax positions. The Company has adopted the provisions of ASC 740-10, which clarifies the accounting for uncertain tax positions. ASC 740-10 requires that the Company recognizes the impact of a tax position in the financial statements if the position is not more likely than not to be sustained upon examination based on the technical merits of the position. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to certain uncertain tax positions as a component of income tax expense and the accrued interest and penalties are included in deferred and income taxes payable in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets. See Note 13 for more information on the Company’s accounting for income taxes. Income taxes are accounted for using an asset and liability approach that requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the net deferred tax assets will not be realized. The factors used to assess the likelihood of realization include the Company's forecast of the reversal of temporary differences, future taxable income, and available tax planning strategies that could be implemented to realize the net deferred tax assets. Failure to achieve forecasted taxable income in applicable tax jurisdictions could affect the ultimate realization of deferred tax assets and could result in an increase in the Company's effective tax rate on future earnings. Based on our assessment, it appears more likely than not that all of the net deferred tax assets will be realized through future taxable income. Earnings per Share ("EPS") The Company calculates basic EPS by dividing net income or loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Diluted EPS is calculated by dividing net income or loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the year, adjusted for the potentially dilutive effect of stock options, restricted stock units (“RSUs"), and deferred stock units (“DSUs") using the treasury stock method. The Company considers participating securities in its calculation of EPS. Under the two-class method of calculating EPS, earnings are allocated to both common shares and participating securities. The Company’s participating securities include vested RSU and DSU awards. Unvested RSU and DSU awards are not considered participating securities as they are forfeitable until the vesting date. 20 A reconciliation of shares used in calculating basic and diluted earnings per common share is presented bel ow (in thousands): Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 2024 Basic weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding 24,697 23,029 Effect of common stock equivalents — 951 Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding 24,697 23,980 Since the Company reported a net loss for the three months ended September 30, 2025, all potentially dilutive shares of common stock would have been antidilutive for the period. The anti-dilutive shares excluded from the table above were 745,047 and 10,000 fo r the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Actual common shares outstanding totaled 24,644,386 and 23,184,059 as of September 30, 2025 and 2024 , respectively. Recent Accounting Pronouncements From time to time, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") or other standards setting bodies issue new accounting pronouncements. Updates to the FASB ASC are communicated through issuance of an Accounting Standards Update ("ASU"). Recently Issued Accounting Standards not yet adopted In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures , which updates the guidance on income tax disclosures to require entities to disclose specific categories within the rate reconciliation, provide additional information for reconciling items that meet certain quantitative thresholds, and provide additional information about income taxes paid. This update is effective for our 2026 fiscal year Form 10-K; early adoption is permitted. We do not expect the adoption of this standard to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses (Topic 220) , which requires additional disclosures, for interim and annual reporting, of expenses by nature, such as inventory purchases, employee compensation, depreciation and amortization, and selling expenses. This update is effective for the Company for its fiscal year beginning July 1, 2027 and interim periods thereafter, and may be applied either prospectively or retrospectively. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard on our consolidated financial statements. In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-06, Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software, which simplifies the guidance by removing all references to software development project stages so that the guidance is neutral to different software development methods. This ASU will be effective for the Company for the first fiscal quarter of 2029, and may be adopted either prospectively, retrospectively, or through modified retrospective application. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard on our consolidated financial statements. Management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective for the Company, accounting pronouncement, if currently adopted would have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements. 3. ASSETS AND LIABI LITIES, AT FAIR VALUE Fair Value of Financial Instruments A financial instrument is defined as cash, evidence of an ownership interest in an entity, or a contract that creates a contractual obligation or right to deliver or receive cash or another financial instrument from a second entity. The fair value of financial instruments represents amounts that would be received upon the sale of those assets or that would be paid to transfer those liabilities in an orderly transaction between market participants at that date. Those fair value measurements maximize the use of observable inputs. However, in situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date, the fair value measurement reflects the Company’s own judgments about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Those judgments are developed by the Company based on the best information available in the circumstances, including expected cash flows and appropriately risk adjusted discount rates, and available observable and unobservable inputs. For most of the Company's financial instruments, the carrying amount approximates fair value. The carrying amounts of cash, receivables, secured loans receivable, accounts payable and other current liabilities, accrued liabilities, and income taxes payable approximate fair value due to their short-term nature. The carrying amounts of derivative assets and derivative liabilities, liabilities on borrowed metals and product financing arrangements are marked-to-market on a daily basis to fair value. The carrying amounts of lines of credit approximate fair value based on the borrowing rates currently available to the Company for bank loans with similar terms and average maturities. 21 Valuation Hierarchy In determining the fair value of its financial instruments, the Company employs a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs for the valuation techniques used to measure fair value. ASC 820 established a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date. The three levels are defined as follows: • Level 1 — inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. • Level 2 — inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument. • Level 3 — inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement. Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis The significant assumptions used to determine the carrying value and the related fair value of the assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are described below: Inventories . The Company's inventory, which consists primarily of bullion and bullion coins, is acquired and initially recorded at cost and then marked to fair market value. The fair market value of the bullion and bullion coins comprises two components: (i) published market values attributable to the cost of the raw precious metal, and (ii) the market value of the premium, which is attributable to the incremental value of the product in its finished goods form. The market value attributable solely to such premium is readily determinable by reference to multiple sources. Except for collectible coin inventory, which are included in inventory at the lower of cost or net realizable value, the Company’s inventory is subsequently recorded at their fair market values on a daily basis. The fair value for commodities inventory (i.e., inventory excluding collectible coins) is determined using pricing data derived from the markets on which the underlying commodities are traded. Precious metals commodities inventory is classified in Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Derivatives . Futures contracts, forward contracts, and open sale and purchase commitments are valued at their fair values, based on the difference between the quoted market price and the contractual price (i.e., intrinsic value) and are included within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Margin and Borrowed Metals Liabilities . Margin and borrowed metals liabilities consist of the Company's commodity obligations to margin customers and suppliers, respectively. Margin liabilities and borrowed metals liabilities are carried at fair value, which is determined using quoted market pricing and data derived from the markets on which the underlying commodities are traded. Margin and borrowed metals liabilities are classified in Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Product Financing Arrangements . Product financing arrangements consist of financing agreements for the transfer and subsequent re-acquisition of gold and silver at an agreed-upon price based on the spot price with a third-party. Such transactions allow the Company to repurchase this inventory upon demand. The third-party charges monthly interest as a percentage of the market value of the outstanding obligation, which is carried at fair value. The obligation is stated at the amount required to repurchase the outstanding inventory. Fair value is determined using quoted market pricing and data derived from the markets on which the underlying commodities are traded. Product financing arrangements are classified in Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Acquisition-related Contingent Consideration . LPM We may be required to pay contingent consideration up to $ 37.5 million in cash in connection with the acquisition of LPM if certain earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA") targets are met for 2024, 2025, and 2026. As of the acquisition date, the fair value of this cont ingent consideration was $ 2.8 million. The material factors that may impact the fair value of the contingent consideration, and therefore, this liability, include the timing and likelihood of achieving the related EBITDA targets, which are based on management’s prospective financial information and are reassessed at each reporting date, with changes reflected in earnings. As of September 30, 2025, the fair value of the contingent consideration was $ 1.4 million , $ 1.3 million of which was classified as accrued liabilities and the remainder as other liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet. The contingent consideration liability related to our acquisition of LPM is measured at fair value at each reporting period using a Monte Carlo Simulation model ("MCS model") with Level 3 unobservable inputs including estimated future cash flows generated by LPM, discount rates, and earnings volatility. Key assumptions used in the MCS model as of September 30, 2025 were an EBITDA risk premium of 10.0 %, an EBITDA volatility of 60.0 %, and a risk-free rate based on the USD yield curve between 3.6 % and 4.2 %. During the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 , we recorded an increase (reduction) of $ 0.2 million and ($ 0.2 million), respectively, to our contingent consideration reflected in earnings. 22 Pinehurst We may be required to pay contingent consideration up to $ 5.3 million in cash in connection with the acquisition of Pinehurst if certain pre-tax earnings targets are met through the third anniversary of the acquisition as well as if certain net tangible asset thresholds were met as of June 30, 2025. As of the acquisition date, the fair value of this contingent consideration was $ 0.7 million. The material factors that may impact the fair value of the contingent consideration, and therefore, this liability, are the probabilities and timing of achieving the related targets, which are estima ted at each reporting date with changes reflected in earnings. As of September 30, 2025, the fair value of the contingent consideration was $ 0.4 million , which was classified as other liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet. The contingent consideration liability related to our acquisition of Pinehurst is measured at fair value at each reporting period primarily using an MCS model with Level 3 unobservable inputs including estimated future cash flows generated by Pinehurst, discount rates, and pre-tax earnings volatility. Key assumptions used in the MCS model as of September 30, 2025 were a pre-tax earnings risk premium of 19.6 %, a pre-tax earnings volatility of 80.0 %, and a risk-free rate based on the USD yield curve between 3.6 % and 4.0 %. During the three months ended September 30, 2025 , we recorded a reduction of $ 0.4 million to our contingent consideration reflected in earnings. AMS We may be required to pay contingent consideration of up to an additional $ 9.0 million in cash based upon the achievement of certain performance benchmarks. Selling shareholders may also receive up to an additional $ 3.0 million in cash based upon the achievement of financial targets when certain inventory is sold. As of the acquisition date, the fair value of this contingent consideration was $ 5.9 million. The material factors that may impact the fair value of the contingent consideration, and therefore, this liability, are the probabilities and timing of achieving the related targets, which are estimated at each reporting date with changes reflected in earnings. As of September 30, 2025, the fair value of the contingent consideration was $ 1.2 million , of which $ 0.6 million was classified as accrued liabilities, with the remainder classified as other liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet. The contingent consideration liability related to our acquisition of AMS is measured at fair value at each reporting period primarily using an MCS model with Level 3 unobservable inputs including estimated future cash flows generated by AMS, discount rates, and EBITDA volatility. Key assumptions used in the MCS model as of September 30, 2025 were an EBITDA risk premium of 12.7 %, an EBITDA volatility of 60.0 %, and a risk-free rate based on the USD yield curve between 3.6 % and 3.8 %. During the three months ended September 30, 2025 , we recorded a reduction of $ 2.3 million to our contingent consideration reflected in earnings as well as remitted a contingent consideration payment to the former owners of AMS of $ 2.4 million related to the sale of certain inventory. Stock Payable Liability. In February 2025, the Company consummated the acquisition of SGI, formerly a related party, under the terms of a merger agreement. Certain major stockholders of SGI agreed to indemnify the Company for breaches by SGI of its representations and covenants under the merger agreement. Stock payable liabilities relate to shares held back from these major stockholders of SGI. We elected to account for these liabilities using the fair value option due to the inherent nature of the liabilities and the changes in value of the underlying shares that will ultimately be issued to settle the liabilities. The estimated fair value of these liabilities is classified as Level 1 and determined based upon the number of shares that are issuable to the sellers and the quoted closing price of our common stock as of the reporting date. The number of shares that will ultimately be issued is subject to adjustment for indemnified claims that existed as of the closing date of the business combination. Changes in the number of shares issued and share price can significantly affect the estimated fair value of the liabilities. During the three months ended September 30, 2025, the change in fair value related to stock payable liabilities recorded to other income (expense), net was expense of $ 0.2 million . The stock payable liability will be settled in two tranches: the first on November 30, 2025 and the second on August 31, 2026, in each case less a number of shares equal in value to any indemnification claims as of the respective dates. 23 The following tables present information about the Company's assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, aggregated by each fair value hierarchy level (in thousands): September 30, 2025 Quoted Price in Active Markets for Identical Instruments (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Total Assets: Inventories (1) $ 1,142,812 $ — $ — $ 1,142,812 Derivative assets — open sale and purchase commitments, net 390,126 — — 390,126 Derivative assets — futures contracts 7 — — 7 Derivative assets — forward contracts 41 — — 41 Total assets, valued at fair value $ 1,532,986 $ — $ — $ 1,532,986 Liabilities: Liabilities on borrowed metals $ 58,649 $ — $ — $ 58,649 Product financing arrangements 377,028 — — 377,028 Derivative liabilities — open sale and purchase commitments, net 51,228 — — 51,228 Derivative liabilities — margin accounts 8,333 — — 8,333 Derivative liabilities — futures contracts 53,388 — — 53,388 Derivative liabilities — forward contracts 100,904 — — 100,904 Acquisition-related contingent consideration — — 3,059 3,059 Stock payable liability 1,730 — — 1,730 Total liabilities, valued at fair value $ 651,260 $ — $ 3,059 $ 654,319 (1) Collectible coin inventory totaling $ 80.3 million was held at lower of cost or net realizable value, and thus is excluded from the inventories balance shown in this table. June 30, 2025 Quoted Price in Active Markets for Identical Instruments (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Total Assets: Inventories (1) $ 1,211,352 $ — $ — $ 1,211,352 Derivative assets — open sale and purchase commitments, net 129,784 — — 129,784 Derivative assets — futures contracts 4,326 — — 4,326 Derivative assets — forward contracts 405 — — 405 Total assets, valued at fair value $ 1,345,867 $ — $ — $ 1,345,867 Liabilities: Liabilities on borrowed metals $ 46,051 $ — $ — $ 46,051 Product financing arrangements 484,733 — — 484,733 Derivative liabilities — open sale and purchase commitments, net 15,495 — — 15,495 Derivative liabilities — margin accounts 4,169 — — 4,169 Derivative liabilities — futures contracts 109 — — 109 Derivative liabilities — forward contracts 76,404 — — 76,404 Acquisition-related contingent consideration — — 7,890 7,890 Stock payable liability 1,484 — — 1,484 Total liabilities, valued at fair value $ 628,445 $ — $ 7,890 $ 636,335 (1) Collectible coin inventory totaling $ 68.2 million was held at lower of cost or net realizable value, and thus is excluded from the inventories balance shown in this table. There were no transfers in or out of Level 2 or 3 from other levels within the fair value hierarchy during the reported periods. Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis Certain assets are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. These assets are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis, but are subject to fair value adjustments only under certain circumstances. These include (i) investments in private companies when there are identifiable events or changes in circumstances that may have a significant adverse impact on the fair value of these assets, (ii) equity method investments that are remeasured to the acquisition-date fair value upon the Company obtaining a controlling interest in the investee during a step acquisition, (iii) property, plant, and equipment and definite-lived intangibles, (iv) goodwill, and (v) indefinite-lived intangibles, all of which are written down to fair value when they are held for sale or determined to be impaired. 24 Our non-recurring valuations use significant unobservable inputs and significant judgments and therefore fall under Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The valuation inputs include assumptions on the appropriate discount rates, long-term growth rates, relevant comparable company earnings multiples, and the amount and timing of expected future cash flows. The cash flows employed in the analyses are based on the Company’s estimated outlook and various growth rates. Discount rate assumptions are based on an assessment of the risk inherent in the future cash flows of the respective equity method investment, asset group, or reporting unit. In assessing the reasonableness of its determined fair values, the Company evaluates its results against other value indicators, such as comparable transactions and comparable public company trading values. 4. RECE IVABLES, NET Receivables, net consisted of the following (in thousands): September 30, 2025 June 30, 2025 Customer trade receivables $ 150,913 $ 88,135 Wholesale trade advances 22,422 25,008 Due from brokers and other 109,805 24,580 $ 283,140 $ 137,723 Customer Trade Receivables. Customer trade receivables represent short-term, non-interest bearing amounts due from precious metal sales, advances related to financing products, and other secured interests in assets of the customer. Wholesale Trade Advances. Wholesale trade advances represent advances of various bullion products and cash advances for purchase commitments of precious metal inventory. Typically, these advances are unsecured, short-term, and non-interest bearing, and are made to wholesale metals dealers and government mints. Due from Brokers and Other . Due from brokers and other consists of the margin requirements held at brokers related to open futures contracts (see Note 12 ) and other receivables. 5. SECURED LO ANS RECEIVABLE Below is a summary of the carrying value of our secured loans (in thousands): September 30, 2025 June 30, 2025 Secured loans originated $ 94,911 $ 83,360 Secured loans acquired 8,722 10,677 $ 103,633 $ 94,037 Secured Loans - Originated : Secured loans include short-term loans, which include a combination of on-demand lines and short-term facilities. These loans are fully secured by the customer's assets, which predominantly include bullion, numismatic, and semi-numismatic material, and are typically held in safekeeping by the Company. Secured Loans - Acquired : Secured loans also include short-term loans, which include a combination of on-demand lines and short-term facilities that are purchased from our customers. The Company acquires a portfolio of their loan receivables at a price that approximates the outstanding balance of each loan in the portfolio, as determined on the effective transaction date. Each loan in the portfolio is fully secured by the borrower's assets, which could include bullion, numismatic or semi-numismatic material, and are typically held in safekeeping by the Company. The seller of the loan portfolio generally retains the responsibility for the servicing and administration of the loans. As of September 30, 2025 and June 30, 2025, our secured loans carried weighted-average effective interest rates of 10.1 % and 10.2 % , respectively, and mature in periods ranging typically from on-demand to one year. The secured loans that the Company generates with its active customers are reflected as an operating activity on the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. The secured loans that the Company generates with borrowers that are not active customers are reflected as an investing activity on the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows as secured loans receivables, net. For the secured loans that (i) are reflected as an investing activity and have terms that allow the borrowers to increase their loan balance (at the discretion of the Company) based on the excess value of their collateral compared to their aggregate principal balance of loan, and (ii) are repayable on demand or in the short-term, the borrowings and repayments are netted on the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. 25 Credit Quality of Secured Loans Receivables and Allowance for Credit Losses General The Company's secured loan receivables portfolio comprises loans with similar credit risk profiles, which enables the Company to apply a standard methodology to determine the credit quality for each loan and the allowance for credit losses, if any. The credit quality of each loan is generally determined by the collateral value assessment, loan-to-value (“LTV”) ratio (that is, the principal amount of the loan divided by the estimated value of the collateral) and the type (or class) of secured material. All loans are fully secured by precious metal bullion, numismatic and semi-numismatic collateral, or graded sports cards, which remains in the physical custody of the Company for the duration of the loan. The term of the loans is generally 180 days; however, loans are typically renewed prior to maturity and therefore remain outstanding for a longer period of time. Interest earned on a loan is billed monthly and is typically due and payable within 20 days and, if not paid after all applicable grace periods, is added to the outstanding principal balance, and late fees and default interest rates are assessed. When an account is in default or if a margin call has not been met on a timely basis, the loan is considered non-performing and the Company has the right to liquidate the borrower's collateral in order to satisfy the unpaid balance of the outstanding loans, including accrued and unpaid interest. Class and Credit Quality of Loans The three classes of secured loan receivables are defined by collateral type: (i) bullion, (ii) numismatic and semi-numismatic and (iii) graded sports cards. The Company required LTV ratios vary with the class of loans. Typically, the Company requires an LTV ratio of approximately 75 % for bullion, 65 % for numismatic and semi-numismatic collateral, and 50 % for graded sports cards. The LTV ratio for loans collateralized by numismatic and semi-numismatic collateral is typically lower on a percentage basis than bullion collateralized loans because a higher value of the numismatic and semi-numismatic collateral relates to its premium value, rather than its underlying commodity value. The LTV ratio for loans collateralized by graded sports cards is lower because the underlying collateral is not as liquid as bullion and numismatic and semi-numismatic collateral. The Company's secured loans by portfolio class, which align with internal management reporting, were as follows (in thousands): September 30, 2025 June 30, 2025 Bullion $ 62,590 60.4 % $ 54,843 58.3 % Numismatic and semi-numismatic 32,946 31.8 % 32,439 34.5 % Graded sports cards 8,097 7.8 % 6,755 7.2 % $ 103,633 100.0 % $ 94,037 100.0 % Due to the nature of market fluctuations of precious metal commodity prices, we monitor the bullion collateral value of each loan on a daily basis, based on spot price of precious metals. Numismatic and graded sports cards collateral values are updated by numismatic and graded sports cards specialists typically within every 90 days and when loan terms are renewed. Generally, we initiate the margin call process when the outstanding loan balance is in excess of 85 % of the current value of the underlying collateral. In the event that a borrower fails to meet a margin call to reestablish the required LTV ratio, the loan is considered in default. The collateral material (either bullion, numismatic or graded sports cards) underlying such loans is then sold by the Company to satisfy all amounts due under the loan. Loans with LTV ratios of less than 75% are generally considered to be higher quality loans. Below is summary of aggregate outstanding secured loan balances bifurcated into (i) loans with an LTV ratio of less than 75% and (ii) loans with an LTV ratio of 75% or more (in thousands): September 30, 2025 June 30, 2025 Loan-to-value of less than 75% $ 97,103 93.7 % $ 82,936 88.2 % Loan-to-value of 75% or more 6,530 6.3 % 11,101 11.8 % $ 103,633 100.0 % $ 94,037 100.0 % The Company had no loans with an LTV ratio in excess of 100% as of September 30, 2025 and June 30, 2025. Non-Performing Loans/Impaired Loans Allowance for secured loan credit losses attributable to non-performing loans is recorded based on the most probable source of repayment, which is normally the liquidation of collateral. Due to the accelerated liquidation terms of the Company's loan portfolio, past due loans are generally liquidated within 90 days of default. In the event a loan were to become non-performing and the collateral is not sufficient to satisfy amounts due, the Company would determine a reserve to reduce the carrying balance to its estimated net realizable value. As of September 30, 2025 and June 30, 2025, the Company had no allowance for secured loan losses or loans classified as non-performing. 26 A loan is considered impaired if it is probable, based on current information and events, that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan. Historically, the Company has not established an allowance for any credit losses because the Company maintains sufficient collateral to satisfy amounts due. Customer loans are reviewed for impairment and include loans that are non-performing, or if the customer is in bankruptcy. In the event of an impairment, recognition of interest income would be suspended, and the loan would be placed on non-accrual status at the time. Accrual would be resumed, and previously suspended interest income would be recognized, when the loan becomes contractually current and/or collection doubts are removed. Cash receipts on impaired loans are recorded first against the principal and then to any unrecognized interest income. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company incurred no loan impairment costs, and no loans were placed on a non-accrual status. 6. INV ENTORIES Our inventory consists of the precious metals that the Company has physically received, and inventory held by third-parties, which, at the Company's option, it may or may not receive. The following table summarizes the components of our inventory (in thousands): September 30, 2025 June 30, 2025 Inventory held for sale $ 574,866 $ 558,024 Repurchase arrangements with customers 130,007 116,546 Consignment arrangements with customers 2,262 5,998 Collectible coins, held at lower of cost or net realizable value 80,282 68,193 Borrowed precious metals 58,649 46,051 Product financing arrangements 377,028 484,733 $ 1,223,094 $ 1,279,545 Inventory Held for Sale . Inventory held for sale represents precious metals, excluding collectible coin inventory, that have been received by the Company and are not subject to repurchase by or consignment arrangements with third parties, borrowed precious metals, or product financing arrangements. As of September 30, 2025 and June 30, 2025, inventory held for sale totaled $ 574.9 million and $ 558.0 million , respectively. Repurchase Arrangements with Customers . The Company enters into arrangements with certain customers under which A-Mark sells and then purchases precious metals from the customer which are subject to repurchase by the customer at the fair value of the product on the repurchase date. These initial transactions with the customer do not qualify as sales and are excluded from revenue. Under these arrangements, the Company, which holds legal title to the metals, earns financing income until the time the arrangement is terminated, or the material is repurchased by the customer. In the event of a repurchase by the customer, the Company records a sale. These arrangements are typically terminable by either party upon 14 days' notice. Upon termination, the customer’s rights to repurchase any remaining inventory is forfeited. As of September 30, 2025 and June 30, 2025, included within inventories is $ 130.0 million and $ 116.5 million , respectively, of precious metals products subject to repurchase arrangements with customers. Consignment Arrangements with Customers . The Company periodically loans metals to customers on a short-term consignment basis. Inventory loaned under consignment arrangements to customers as of September 30, 2025 and June 30, 2025 totaled $ 2.3 million and $ 6.0 million , respectively. Such transactions are recorded as sales and are removed from the Company's inventory at the time the customer elects to price and purchase the precious metals. Collectible Coins . Our collectible coin inventory, including its premium component, is held at the lower of cost or net realizable value, because the value of collectible coins is influenced more by supply and demand determinants than by the underlying spot price of the precious metal content of the collectible coins. The value of collectible coins is not subject to the same level of volatility as bullion coins because our collectible coins typically carry a substantially higher premium over the spot metal price than bullion coins. Our collectible coins are not hedged and totaled $ 80.3 million and $ 68.2 million as of September 30, 2025 and June 30, 2025, respectively. Borrowed Precious Metals . Borrowed precious metals inventory include: (i) metals held by suppliers as collateral on advanced pool metals, (ii) metals due to suppliers for the use of their consigned inventory, (iii) unallocated metal positions held by customers in the Company’s inventory, and (iv) shortages in unallocated metal positions held by the Company in the supplier’s inventory. Unallocated or pool metal represents an unsegregated inventory position that is due on demand, in a specified physical form, based on the total ounces of metal held in the position. Amounts due under these arrangements require delivery either in the form of precious metals or cash. The Company's inventory included borrowed precious metals with market values totaling $ 58.6 million and $ 46.1 million as of September 30, 2025 and June 30, 2025, respectively, with a corresponding offsetting obligation reflected as liabilities on borrowed metals on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. 27 Product Financing Arrangements . This inventory represents amounts held as security by lenders for obligations under product financing arrangements. The Company enters into a product financing agreement for the transfer and subsequent re-acquisition of gold and silver at an agreed-upon price based on the spot price with a third-party finance company. This inventory is restricted and is held at a custodial storage facility in exchange for a financing fee, paid to the third-party finance company. During the term of the financing, the third-party finance company holds the inventory as collateral, and both parties intend for the inventory to be returned to the Company at an agreed-upon price based on the spot price on the finance arrangement repurchase date. These transactions do not qualify as sales and have been accounted for as financing arrangements in accordance with ASC 470-40 Product Financing Arrangements . The obligation is stated at the amount required to repurchase the outstanding inventory. Both the product financing arrangements and the underlying inventory are carried at fair value, with changes in fair value included in cost of sales in the condensed consolidated statements of income. Such obligations totaled $ 377.0 million and $ 484.7 million as of September 30, 2025 and June 30, 2025, respectively. The Company mitigates market risk of its physical inventory and open commitments through commodity hedge transactions. (See Note 12 .) As of September 30, 2025 and June 30, 2025, the unrealized gains or losses resulting from the difference between market value and cost of physical inventory, excluding collectible coin inventory, were gains of $ 150.0 million and gains of $ 94.8 million , respectively. Premium Component of Inventory The premium component, at market value, included in the inventory as of September 30, 2025 and June 30, 2025 totaled $ 29.6 million and $ 35.3 million , respectively. 7. L E ASES Components of lease expense were as follows (in thousands): Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 2024 Operating lease costs $ 1,663 $ 709 Variable lease costs 487 182 Short term lease costs 73 10 Finance lease costs 28 7 $ 2,251 $ 908 For the three months ended September 30, 2025, we made cash payments of $ 1.6 million for operating lease obligations. These payments are included in operating cash flows. As of September 30, 2025, the weighted-average remaining lease term under our capitalized operating leases was 5.2 years, while the weighted-average discount rate for our operating leases was approximately 6.1 % . The future undiscounted cash flows for each of the next five years and thereafter, and reconciliation to the lease liabilities as of September 30, 2025 for our operating leases were as follows (in thousands): Fiscal Year ending June 30, Operating Leases 2026 (remainder) $ 4,956 2027 5,669 2028 4,710 2029 3,612 2030 2,891 Thereafter 4,498 Total lease payments 26,336 Imputed interest ( 3,959 ) Total operating lease liability $ 22,377 (1) Operating lease liability - current $ 5,196 (2) Operating lease liability - long-term 17,181 (3) $ 22,377 (1) (1) Represents the present value of the operating lease liabilities as of September 30, 2025 . (2) Current operating lease liabilities are presented within accrued liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. (3) Long-term operating lease liabilities are presented within other liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. The lease payments presented in the table above exclude amounts related to a failed sale-leaseback transaction. For information regarding the failed sale-leaseback transaction, refer to Note 15 . For information regarding the Company's related party leases, refer to Note 14 . 28 8. PROPERTY, PLA NT, AND EQUIPMENT Property, plant, and equipment consisted of the following (in thousands): September 30, 2025 June 30, 2025 Computer software $ 18,981 $ 16,915 Plant equipment 15,053 12,501 Leasehold improvements 10,687 7,605 Office furniture, and fixtures 6,378 5,766 Computer equipment 6,996 6,208 Building and other 9,707 9,707 Total depreciable assets 67,802 58,702 Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization ( 32,423 ) ( 30,013 ) Property and equipment not placed in service 7,420 14,101 Land 2,720 2,719 Property, plant, and equipment, net $ 45,519 $ 45,509 Property, plant and equipment depreciation and amortization expense was $ 2.4 million and $ 0.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. For the periods presented, depreciation and amortization expense allocable to cost of sales was not significant. 9. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS Goodwill is an intangible asset that arises when a company acquires an existing business or assets (net of assumed liabilities) which comprise a business. In general, the amount of goodwill recorded in an acquisition is calculated as the purchase price of the business minus the fair market value of the tangible assets and the identifiable intangible assets, net of the assumed liabilities. Goodwill and intangibles can also be established by push-down accounting. Below is a summary of the significant transactions that generated our goodwill and intangible assets: • In connection with the Company's formation of AMST in August 2016, the Company recorded $ 2.5 million and $ 4.3 million of identifiable intangible assets and goodwill, respectively; these values were based upon an independent appraisal and represent their fair values at the acquisition date. • In connection with the Company's acquisition of Goldline in August 2017, the Company recorded $ 5.0 million and $ 1.4 million of additional identifiable intangible assets and goodwill, respectively; these values were based upon an independent appraisal and represent their fair values at the acquisition date. • In March 2021, the Company acquired 100 % ownership of JMB, in which we previously held a 20.5 % equity interest. At the acquisition date we measured the value of identifiable intangible assets and goodwill at $ 98.0 million and $ 92.1 million, respectively. These values represent their fair values at the acquisition date. • In October 2022, JMB acquired $ 4.5 million of intangible assets that included: BGASC’s website, domain name, trademarks, logos, customer list, and all intellectual property. • In connection with the Company's acquisition of LPM in February 2024, we recorded $ 10.3 million and $ 21.0 million of identifiable intangible assets and goodwill, respectively. These values represent their fair values at the acquisition date. • In March 2024, JMB acquired $ 8.5 million of intangible assets that included Gold.com's domain name. • In June 2024, we obtained a controlling interest in SGB, at which po int SGB became a consolidated subsidiary of the Company. We measured the value of identifiable intangible assets and goodwill at $ 28.8 million and $ 78.0 million, respectively. These values represent their fair values as of the acquisition date. • We acquired SGI in February 2025 and as a result, we recorded $ 19.0 million and $ 13.8 million of identifiable intangible assets and goodwill, respectively. These values represent their fair values at the acquisition date. • In February 2025, we also acquired 100 % ownership of Pinehurst which resulted in the acquisition of $ 2.0 million and $ 2.8 million of identifiable intangible assets and goodwill, respectively. These values represent their fair values at the acquisition date. • Our acquisition of AMS in April 2025 resulted in the acquisition of $ 33.0 million and $ 12.1 million of identifiable intangible assets and goodwill, respectively. These values represent their fair values at the acquisition date. 29 Carrying Value The carrying value of goodwill and other purchased intangibles are described below (dollar amounts in thousands): September 30, 2025 June 30, 2025 Estimated Useful Lives (Years) Remaining Weighted-Average Amortization Period (Years) Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Accumulated Impairment Net Book Value Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Accumulated Impairment Net Book Value Identifiable intangible assets: Existing customer relationships 4 - 15 4.4 $ 116,568 $ ( 70,714 ) $ — $ 45,854 $ 116,568 $ ( 66,215 ) $ — $ 50,353 Developed technology 4 2.8 21,836 ( 14,070 ) — 7,766 21,836 ( 13,362 ) — 8,474 Non-compete and other 3 - 5 2.0 2,310 ( 2,306 ) — 4 2,310 ( 2,306 ) — 4 Employment agreement 1 - 3 0.0 295 ( 295 ) — — 295 ( 295 ) — — Intangibles subject to amortization 141,009 ( 87,385 ) — 53,624 141,009 ( 82,178 ) — 58,831 Trade names and trademarks Indefinite Indefinite 69,658 — ( 1,290 ) 68,368 69,658 — ( 1,290 ) 68,368 Domain name Indefinite Indefinite 8,615 — — 8,615 8,615 — — 8,615 In-process research and development Indefinite Indefinite 1,500 — — 1,500 1,500 — — 1,500 Identifiable intangible assets $ 220,782 $ ( 87,385 ) $ ( 1,290 ) $ 132,107 $ 220,782 $ ( 82,178 ) $ ( 1,290 ) $ 137,314 Goodwill Indefinite Indefinite $ 230,060 $ — $ ( 1,364 ) $ 228,696 $ 230,014 $ — $ ( 1,364 ) $ 228,650 The Company's intangible assets are subject to amortization except for trade names, trademarks, domain names and in-process research and development assets, which have indefinite lives. Amortization expense related to the Company's intangible assets was $ 5.2 million and $ 3.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. For the presented periods, amortization expense allocable to cost of sales was not significant. Impairment We recorded a non-recurring impairment charge of $ 2.7 million (goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets) in fiscal 2018 related to Goldline. Other than the impairment charge related to Goldline, we have not recorded any impairment of goodwill or indefinite-lived intangible assets. Estimated Amortization Estimated annual amortization expense related to definite-lived intangible assets for the succeeding five years and thereafter is as follows (in thousands): Fiscal Year Ending June 30, Amount 2026 (remainder) $ 15,385 2027 15,564 2028 12,013 2029 5,613 2030 2,896 Thereafter 2,153 $ 53,624 30 10. LONG-TERM INVESTME NTS The following table shows the carrying value and ownership percentage of the Company's investment in privately-held entities accounted for either under the equity or cost method (in thousands): September 30, 2025 June 30, 2025 Investee Carrying Value Ownership Percentage Carrying Value Ownership Percentage Sunshine Minting, Inc. 16,564 44.9 % 17,876 44.9 % Company A — — % 283 33.3 % Company B 2,230 50.0 % 2,194 50.0 % Texas Precious Metals, LLC 7,673 12.0 % 7,547 12.0 % Atkinsons Bullion & Coins 3,919 25.0 % 3,733 25.0 % Company C 15 33.3 % 43 33.3 % Company D 975 20.0 % 1,009 20.0 % Company E 283 5.0 % 330 5.0 % $ 31,659 $ 33,015 We consider all of our equity method investees to be related parties. See Note 14 for a summary of the Company's aggregate balances and activity with these related party entities. All of the Company's investees are accounted for using the equity method, with the exception of Company A, which was accounted for using the cost method and is not considered a related party. 11. ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES Accounts payable and other current liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands): September 30, 2025 June 30, 2025 Trade payables to customers $ 69,105 $ 12,814 Other accounts payable 10,916 9,434 Accounts payable and other payables $ 80,021 $ 22,248 Deferred revenue $ 34,917 $ 19,866 Advances from customers 744,704 407,038 Deferred revenue and other advances $ 779,621 $ 426,904 As of September 30, 2025 and June 30, 2025, advances from customers included $ 255.2 million and $ 246.5 million , respectively, of advances related to precious metals leases. 12. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENT S AND HEDGING TRANSACTIONS The Company is exposed to market risk, such as changes in commodity prices and foreign exchange rates. To manage the volatility related to these exposures, the Company enters into various derivative products, such as forward and futures contracts. By policy, the Company historically has entered into derivative financial instruments for the purpose of hedging substantially all of Company's market exposure to precious metals prices, and not for speculative purposes. The Company’s gains (losses) on derivative instruments are substantially offset by the changes in the fair market value of the underlying precious metals inventory, both of which are recorded in cost of sales in the condensed consolidated statements of income. Commodity Price Management The Company manages the value of certain assets and liabilities of its trading business, including trading inventory, by employing a variety of hedging strategies. These strategies include the management of exposure to changes in the market values of the Company's trading inventory through the purchase and sale of a variety of derivative instruments, such as forward and futures contracts. The Company enters into derivative transactions solely for the purpose of hedging its inventory subject to price risk, and not for speculative market purposes. Due to the nature of the Company's global hedging strategy, the Company is not using hedge accounting as defined under ASC 815, whereby the gains or losses would be deferred and included as a component of other comprehensive income . Instead, gains or losses resulting from the Company's forward and futures contracts and open sale and purchase commitments are reported in the condensed consolidated statements of income as unrealized gains or losses on commodity contracts (a component of cost of sales), with the related unrealized amounts due from or to counterparties reflected as derivative assets or liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. 31 The Company's trading inventory and purchase and sale transactions consist primarily of precious metal products. The value of these assets and liabilities are marked-to-market daily to the prevailing closing price of the underlying precious metals. The Company's precious metals inventory is subject to fluctuations in market value, resulting from changes in the underlying commodity prices. Inventory purchased or borrowed by the Company is subject to price changes. Inventory borrowed is considered a natural hedge, since changes in value of the metal held are offset by the obligation to return the metal to the supplier. Open sale and purchase commitments are subject to changes in value between the date the purchase or sale price is fixed (the trade date) and the date the metal is received or delivered (the settlement date). The Company seeks to minimize the effect of price changes of the underlying commodity through the use of forward and futures contracts. The Company’s open sale and purchase commitments typically settle within 2 business days, and for those commitments that do not have stated settlement dates, the Company has the right to settle the positions upon demand. The Company's policy is to substantially hedge its inventory position, net of open sale and purchase commitments that are subject to price risk, and regularly enters into precious metals commodity forward and futures contracts with financial institutions to hedge against this risk. The Company uses futures contracts, which typically settle within 30 days, for its shorter-term hedge positions, and forward contracts, which may remain open for up to 6 months , for its longer-term hedge positions. The Company has access to all of the precious metals markets, allowing it to place hedges. The Company also maintains relationships with major market makers in every major precious metal dealing center. The Company’s management sets credit and position risk limits. These limits include gross position limits for counterparties engaged in sales and purchase transactions with the Company. They also include collateral limits for different types of sale and purchase transactions that counterparties may engage in from time to time. Derivative Assets and Liabilities The Company's derivative assets and liabilities represent the net fair value of the difference (or intrinsic value) between market values and trade values at the trade date for open precious metals sale and purchase contracts, as adjusted on a daily basis for changes in market values of the underlying metals, until settled. The Company's derivative assets and liabilities also include the net fair value of open precious metals forward and futures contracts. The precious metals forward and futures contracts are settled at the contract settlement date. All of our commodity derivative contracts are under master netting arrangements and include both asset and liability positions (i.e., offsetting derivative instruments). As such, for the Company's derivative contracts with the same counterparty, the receivables and payables have been netted on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Such derivative contracts include open sale and purchase commitments, futures, forward and margin accounts. The aggregate gross and net derivative receivables and payables balances by contract type and type of hedge, were as follows (in thousands): September 30, 2025 June 30, 2025 Gross Derivative Amounts Netted Cash Collateral Pledge Net Derivative Gross Derivative Amounts Netted Cash Collateral Pledge Net Derivative Nettable derivative assets: Open sale and purchase commitments $ 393,335 $ ( 3,209 ) $ — $ 390,126 $ 130,609 $ ( 825 ) $ — $ 129,784 Futures contracts 7 — — 7 4,326 — — 4,326 Forward contracts 41 — — 41 405 — — 405 $ 393,383 $ ( 3,209 ) $ — $ 390,174 $ 135,340 $ ( 825 ) $ — $ 134,515 Nettable derivative liabilities: Open sale and purchase commitments $ 54,770 $ ( 3,542 ) $ — $ 51,228 $ 18,170 $ ( 2,675 ) $ — $ 15,495 Margin accounts 32,955 — ( 24,622 ) 8,333 ( 23,276 ) — 27,445 4,169 Futures contracts 53,388 — — 53,388 109 — — 109 Forward contracts 100,904 — — 100,904 76,404 — — 76,404 $ 242,017 $ ( 3,542 ) $ ( 24,622 ) $ 213,853 $ 71,407 $ ( 2,675 ) $ 27,445 $ 96,177 Gains or Losses on Derivative Instruments The Company records the derivative at the trade date with corresponding unrealized gains or losses shown as a component of cost of sales in the condensed consolidated statements of income. The Company adjusts the derivatives to fair value on a daily basis until the transactions are settled. When these contracts are net settled, the unrealized gains and losses are reversed, and the realized gains and losses for forward contracts are recorded in revenue and cost of sales, respectively, and the net realized gains and losses for futures contracts are recorded in cost of sales. 32 Below is a summary of the net gains (losses) o n derivative instruments (in thousands): Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 2024 Gains (losses) on derivative instruments: Unrealized gains (losses) on open futures commodity and forward contracts and open sale and purchase commitments, net $ 143,360 $ ( 21,134 ) Realized gains (losses) on futures commodity contracts, net ( 30,134 ) ( 1,129 ) $ 113,226 $ ( 22,263 ) The Company’s net gains (losses) on derivative instruments, as shown in the table above, were substantially offset by the changes in the fair market value of the underlying precious metals inventory, which were also recorded in cost of sales in the condensed consolidated statements of income. Summary of Hedging Positions In a hedging relationship, the change in the value of the derivative financial instrument is offset to a great extent by the change in the value of the underlying hedged item. The following table summarizes the results of our hedging activities, which shows the precious metal commodity inventory position, net of open sale and purchase commitments, that was subject to price risk (in thousands): September 30, 2025 June 30, 2025 Inventories $ 1,223,094 $ 1,279,545 Less unhedgeable inventories: Collectible coin inventory, held at lower of cost or net realizable value ( 80,282 ) ( 68,193 ) Premium on metals position ( 29,604 ) ( 35,295 ) Precious metal value not hedged ( 109,886 ) ( 103,488 ) Commitments at market: Open inventory purchase commitments 1,571,851 1,149,622 Open inventory sales commitments ( 868,263 ) ( 521,442 ) Margin sales commitments ( 32,955 ) ( 27,446 ) In-transit inventory no longer subject to market risk ( 52,927 ) ( 18,801 ) Unhedgeable premiums on open commitment positions 12,154 10,345 Borrowed precious metals ( 58,649 ) ( 46,051 ) Product financing arrangements ( 377,028 ) ( 484,733 ) Advances on industrial metals 790 584 194,973 62,078 Precious metal subject to price risk 1,308,181 1,238,135 Precious metal subject to derivative financial instruments: Precious metals forward contracts at market values 705,927 927,990 Precious metals futures contracts at market values 598,122 310,645 Total market value of derivative financial instruments 1,304,049 1,238,635 Net precious metals subject to commodity price risk $ 4,132 $ ( 500 ) Notional Balances of Derivatives The notional balances of the Company's derivative instruments, consisting of contractual metal quantities, are expressed at current spot prices of the underlying precious metal commodity. The Company had the following outstanding commitments and open forward and futures contracts (in thousands): September 30, 2025 June 30, 2025 Purchase commitments $ 1,571,851 $ 1,149,622 Sales commitments $ ( 868,263 ) $ ( 521,442 ) Margin sales commitments $ ( 32,955 ) $ ( 27,446 ) Open forward contracts $ 705,927 $ 927,990 Open futures contracts $ 598,122 $ 310,645 The contract amounts (i.e., notional balances) of the Company's forward and futures contracts and the open sales and purchase commitments are not reflected in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company records the difference between the market price of the underlying metal or contract and the trade amount at fair value. 33 The Company is exposed to the risk of failure of the counterparties to its derivative contracts. Significant judgment is applied by the Company when evaluating the fair value implications. The Company regularly reviews the creditworthiness of its major counterparties and monitors its exposure to concentrations. As of September 30, 2025, the Company believes its risk of counterparty default is mitigated as a result of such evaluation and the short-term duration of these arrangements. Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Management The Company utilizes foreign currency forward contracts to manage the effect of foreign currency exchange fluctuations on its sale and purchase transactions. These contracts generally have maturities of less than one week. The market values (fair values) of the Company’s foreign exchange forward contracts and the net open sale and purchase commitment transactions, denominated in foreign currencies, outstanding were as follows (in thousands): September 30, 2025 June 30, 2025 Foreign exchange forward contracts $ 15,884 $ 6,618 Open sale and purchase commitment transactions, net $ 8,034 $ 2,056 13. I NCO ME TAXES Net (loss) income from operations befor e provision for income taxes is shown below (in thousands): Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 2024 U.S. $ ( 1,206 ) $ 9,374 Foreign 895 799 $ ( 311 ) $ 10,173 The Company files a consolidated federal income tax return based on a June 30 tax year end. The provision for income tax expense by jurisdiction and the effective tax rate are shown below (in thousands): Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 2024 Current: Federal $ ( 90 ) $ 1,325 State and local 26 154 Foreign 724 276 $ 660 $ 1,755 Effective income tax rate - 212.2 % 17.3 % Our provision for income taxes varied from the tax computed at the U.S. federal statutory income tax rates for the three months ended September 30, 2025 primarily due to state taxes (net of federal tax benefit), non-taxable and non-deductible items, separate U.S. filing jurisdictions, and foreign taxes in jurisdictions that are based on results realized through the period. Our provision for income taxes varied from the tax computed at the U.S. federal statutory income tax rates for the three months ended September 30, 2024 primarily due to the excess tax benefit from share-based compensation, partially offset by state taxes (net of federal tax benefit), foreign tax rate differential, Section 162(m) executive compensation disallowance, and other normal course non-deductible expenditures. Income Taxes Receivable and Payable As of September 30, 2025 and June 30, 2025, we had an income tax receivable of $ 4.6 million and $ 4.6 million , respectively. Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will be realized by evaluating both positive and negative evidence. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. As of September 30, 2025 and June 30, 2025, management concluded that it was more likely than not that the Company would be able to realize the benefit of the U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets. We based this conclusion on historical and projected operating performance, as well as our expectation that our operations will generate sufficient taxable income in future periods to realize the tax benefits associated with the deferred tax assets. A tax valuation allowance was considered unnecessary, as management concluded that it was more likely than not that the Company would be able to realize the benefit of the U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets. 34 As of September 30, 2025, the condensed consolidated balance sheet reflects the deferred tax items for each tax-paying component (i.e., federal, state and foreign), resulting in a federal deferred tax liability of $ 12.0 million , a state deferred tax liability of $ 0.1 million , and a foreign deferred tax liability of $ 6.0 million . As of June 30, 2025, the consolidated balance sheet reflects the deferred tax items for each tax-paying component (i.e., federal, state and foreign), resulting in a federal deferred tax liability of $ 12.0 million, a state deferred tax liability of $ 0.1 million, and a foreign deferred tax liability of $ 6.2 million. Our net foreign deferred tax liability will fluctuate as the value of the U.S. dollar changes with respect to foreign currencies. The Company intends to indefinitely reinvest the cumulative undistributed earnings held by its foreign subsidiaries. Net Operating Loss Carryforwards We acquired federal and state net operating losses from our acquisitions of SGI and Pinehurst in February 2025. As of September 30, 2025 , our federal net operating loss carryforward from Pinehurst was $ 0.2 million and our state and local net operating loss carryforwards from SGI and Pinehurst were $ 19.3 million and $ 0.2 million, respectively. The federal net operating losses carry forward indefinitely; the state net operating loss carryforwards start to expire in 2030. Unrecognized Tax Benefits The Company has taken or expects to take certain tax benefits on its income tax return filings that it has not recognized as a tax benefit (i.e., an unrecognized tax benefit) on its condensed consolidated statements of income. The Company's measurement of its uncertain tax positions is based on management's assessment of all relevant information, including, but not limited to prior audit experience, audit settlement, or lapse of the applicable statute of limitations. As of September 30, 2025, there have been no material changes to our unrecognized tax benefits or any related interest or penalties since June 30, 2025. Tax Examinations The Company files income tax returns in the United States, and various state, local, and foreign jurisdictions. The Company is currently subject to a three year statute of limitations for federal income tax purposes and, in general, three to six year statutes of limitations for state and foreign tax purposes. Tax Reform On July 4, 2025, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act ("2025 U.S. tax reform") was enacted into law. The 2025 U.S. tax reform contains several key tax laws, including extensions and modifications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. In accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes, the Company is required to recognize the effect of the tax law changes in the period of enactment, such as remeasuring estimated U.S. deferred tax assets and liabilities. We have evaluated the impact from the 2025 U.S. tax reform and the resulting adjustments are temporary in nature and did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements or effective tax rate for any periods presented. 14. RELATED PAR TY TRANSACTIONS Related parties include entities which the Company controls or has the ability to significantly influence, and entities which are under common control with the Company. Related parties also include persons who are affiliated with related entities or the Company who are in a position to influence corporate decisions (such as owners, executives, board members and their families). In the normal course of business, we enter into transactions with our related parties. In addition to our directors and officers and one individual who is the beneficial owner of more than ten percent of our outstanding common stock, below is a list of related parties with whom we have had significant transactions during the presented periods: 1) Spectrum Group International, Inc. ("SGI") and Stack’s Bowers Numismatics, LLC ("Stack's Bowers Galleries") . The Company acquired SGI in February 2025. However, prior to February 2025, SGI and its wholly owned subsidiary Stack's Bowers Galleries were considered to be related parties of the Company. SGI and the Company had a common chief executive officer, and the chief executive officer and the general counsel of the Company constituted a majority of the board members of SGI. Information included below relating to SGI and Stack's Bowers Galleries pertains to transactions prior to the Company's acquisition of SGI in February 2025. Also, as discussed below, certain directors and officers of the Company and the Company's largest stockholder owned a majority of the equity interests of SGI prior to the acquisition. 2) Solid Crossing Inc. ("Solid Crossing") and Wade Real Estate, LLC. SGB's corporate office space is leased from Solid Crossing, whose owners are affiliates of SGB. Pinehurst's primary office space is leased from Wade Real Estate, LLC, which is owned by the former majority owner of Pinehurst, who is a related party. 35 3) Equity method investees. As of September 30, 2025, the Company had seven investments in privately-held entities which have been determined to be equity method investees and related parties. Our related party transactions primarily include (i) sales and purchases of precious metals, (ii) financing activities, (iii) repurchase arrangements, (iv) hedging transactions, and (v) related party lease and construction arrangements. Below is a summary of our related party transactions. The amounts presented for each period reflect each entity’s related party status for that period. Balances with Related Parties Receivables and Payables, Net Our related party net receivables and payables balances were as shown below (in thousands): September 30, 2025 June 30, 2025 Receivables Payables Receivables Payables Equity method investees 3,036 (1) 7,645 (2) 3,088 (1) 4,290 (2) Other 394 (1) 3,314 (2) 398 (1) 3,270 (2) $ 3,430 $ 10,959 $ 3,486 $ 7,560 (1) Balance in cludes trade receivables and other receivables, net (2) Balance includes note payables, trade payables, and other payables, net Operating Lease Right of Use Assets As of September 30, 2025 and June 30, 2025, our related party right of use assets were $ 3.1 million and $ 3.2 million, respectively. Property, Plant, and Equipment AMGL entered into an agreement, effective as of July 1, 2024, with W.A. Richardson Builders, LLC (“WAR Construction”) to effectuate the build out of the Company’s Las Vegas logistics facility which was completed in fiscal 2025. The majority owner and co-manager of WAR Construction is the spouse of a non-employee member of the Board of Directors of the Company, and the other co-manager is a 10 % stockholder of the Company whose family members are minority owners of WAR Construction. The Company incurred costs of $ 1.9 million during the year ended June 30, 2025. Long-term Investments As of September 30, 2025 and June 30, 2025, the aggregate carrying balance of our equity method investments was $ 31.7 million and $ 32.7 million , respectively. (See Note 10 .) Notes Payable On April 1, 2021, CCP entered into a loan agreement ("CCP Note") with CFC, which provides CFC with up to $ 4.0 million to fund commercial loans secured by graded sports cards to its borrowers. All loans to be funded using the proceeds from the CCP Note are subject to CCP’s prior written approval. In March 2024, the expiration date for the CCP Note was amended to expire on April 1, 2026 ; the CCP Note may be further extended by mutual agreement. As of September 30, 2025 and June 30, 2025, the outstanding principal balance of the CCP Note was $ 4.0 million and $ 4.0 million , respectively. In June 2024, SGB declared a $ 15.9 million dividend to existing shareholders based on certain levels of working capital. As of September 30, 2025, the dividend was paid in full, which included a dividend paid to the Company from SGB in September 2024 of $ 7.5 million. In February 2025 in connection with the acquisition of Pinehurst, the Company assumed a promissory note with the former majority owner of Pinehurst for $ 3.1 million. This promissory note has a maturity date of August 1, 2026 and bears interest at a rate of 5 % per annum. As of September 30, 2025 , the outstanding principal balance of this promissory note was $ 3.1 million. Share Repurchases In November 2024, we repurchased 139,455 shares of our common stock from the former owner of AMS and LPM, a related party, for $ 4.2 million. 36 Activity with Related Parties Sales and Purchases Our sales and purchases with companies deemed to be related parties were as follows (in thousands): Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 2024 Sales Purchases Sales Purchases Stack's Bowers Galleries (1) $ — $ — $ 45,457 $ 33,847 Equity method investees (2) 65,219 3,099 274,840 13,305 $ 65,219 $ 3,099 $ 320,297 $ 47,152 (1) Includes sales and purchases activity with SGI and its subsidiaries only for periods prior to the Company acquiring SGI in February 2025 . (2) Includes sales and purchases activity with Pinehurst prior to the acquisition of the remaining outstanding equity interests of Pinehurst it did not previously own in February 2025 and with AMS prior to the acquisition of the remaining outstanding equity interests of AMS it did not previously own in April 2025. Interest Income We ea rned interest income from related parties as set forth below (in thousands): Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 2024 Interest income from secured loans receivables $ — $ 85 Interest income from finance products and repurchase arrangements 121 2,327 $ 121 $ 2,412 Selling, General, and Administrative The Company incurred selling, general, and administrative expense related to its related party leasing agreements and consulting agreements of $ 0.5 million and $ 0.4 million during the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Interest Expense The Company incurred interest expense related to its related party notes payable of $ 8,000 and $ 47,000 during the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Equity Method Investments — Earnings, Dividends and Distributions Received The Company's proportional share of our equity method investee's earnings (losses) totaled ($ 0.9 ) million and $ 0.6 million during the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The Company received dividend and distribution payments from our equity method investees that totaled, in the aggregate, $ 49,000 and $ 0.2 million during the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Other Income The Company earned royalty and consulting services income from related parties that totaled $ 19,000 and $ 0.2 million during the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Transactions with Directors and Officers Directors and officers of the Company engaged in transactions through A-Mark and/or its subsidiaries for an aggregate dollar value of $ 0.3 million and $ 0.1 million during the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 , respectively. 15. FINANCIN G AGREEMENTS Lines of Credit - Trading Credit Facility On December 21, 2021, the Company entered into a three-year committed facility provided by a syndicate of financial institutions (the “Trading Credi t Facility”), with a total revolving commitment of up to $ 350.0 million and with a termination date of December 21, 2024 . As of September 30, 2025, the Trading Credit Facility has since been amended and restated to modify certain terms and conditions, including eliminating provisions whereby lenders under certain conditions could require repayment of all obligations outst anding under the Trading Credit Facility within 10 days on demand, extending the maturity date to September 30, 2027 , and revising the total facility to $ 422.5 million. There is also an incremental revolving loan feature that is available under certain conditions up to an aggregate additional $ 73.0 million. 37 The Trading Credit Facility is secured by substantially all of the Company’s assets on a first priority basis and is guaranteed by all of the Company's subsidiaries. The Trading Credit Facility currently bears interest at the daily SOFR rate plus an applicable margin of 236 basis points. As of September 30, 2025, the interest rate on our Trading Credit Facility was approximately 6.6 % and t he daily SOFR rate was approximately 4.2 % . The Trading Credit Facility provides the Company with the liquidity to buy and sell billions of dollars of precious metals annually. We routinely use funds drawn under the Trading Credit Facility to purchase metals from our suppliers and for operating cash flow purposes. Our CFC subsidiary also uses the funds drawn under the Trading Credit Facility to finance certain of its lending activities. Borrowings totaled $ 290.0 million and $ 345.0 million at September 30, 2025 and June 30, 2025, respectively. The amounts available under the respective lines of credit are determined at the end of each week and at each month end following a specified borrowing base formula. The Company is able to access additional credit as needed to finance operations, subject to the overall limits of the borrowing facilities and lender approval of the borrowing base calculation. Based on the month end borrowing bases in effect, the availability under the Trading Credit Facility, after taking into account current borrowings, totaled $ 102.2 million and $ 99.1 million as determined on September 30, 2025 and June 30, 2025, respectively. As of September 30, 2025 and June 30, 2025, the remaining unamortized balance of loan costs was approximately $ 4.5 million and $ 3.5 million , respectively. The Trading Credit Facility contains various covenants, all of which the Company was in compliance with as of September 30, 2025. Interest expense related to the Company’s Trading Credit Facility totaled $ 7.0 million and $ 6.4 million , which represents 55.5 % and 63.9 % of the total interest expense recognized for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The Trading Credit Facility carried a daily weighted-average effective interest rate (inclusive of amortization of debt issuance costs) of 9.1 % and 9.1 % for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Leaseback Financing Obligation As part of the acquisition of AMS in April 2025, the Company assumed a leaseback financing obligation related to AMS's offices in Eagan, Minnesota. The original transaction, entered into by AMS in August 2024, involved the sale of the property followed by a leaseback arrangement. Due to certain economic terms of the lease, the transaction did not qualify for sale-leaseback accounting. Under a failed sale-leaseback arrangement, the property is accounted for as property, plant, and equipment, and the lease is accounted for as a financing obligation. The carrying amount of the leaseback financing obligation as of September 30, 2025 was $ 7.6 million, with a remaining term of 14 years and an effective interest rate of 8.6 %. The obligation is secured by the underlying property, which had a net book value of $ 8.1 million as of September 30, 2025 . Future minimum payments under the arrangement are as follows (in thousands): Fiscal Year ending June 30, Financing Payments (Undiscounted) 2026 (remainder) $ 564 2027 768 2028 787 2029 807 2030 827 Thereafter 8,612 Total future payments 12,365 Imputed interest ( 6,569 ) Present value (1) $ 5,796 (1) The difference between the carrying amount of the leaseback financing obligation and the present value of the financing payments reflects the difference between the total contractual payments required under the leaseback arrangement and the fair value of the financing obligations assumed at the acquisition date. The Company has recorded the current portion of this obligation within accrued liabilities and the noncurrent portion within other liabilities in its condensed consolidated balance sheet, with related interest expense recognized in the consolidated statement of operations. The total interest expense incurred during the three months ended September 30, 2025 was $ 0.2 million. Notes Payable — Related Party See Note 14 . 38 Liabilities on Borrowed Metals and Precious Metals Leases The Company recorded liabilities on borrowed metals with market values totaling $ 58.6 million and $ 46.1 million as of September 30, 2025 and June 30, 2025, respectively, which were included in inventories on the condensed consolidated balance sheet. Precious metals leases valued at $ 255.2 million and $ 246.5 million as of September 30, 2025 and June 30, 2025, respectively, were included in deferred revenue and other advances on the condensed consolidated balance sheet. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the interest expense related to liabilities on borrowed metals and precious metals leases totaled $ 2.1 million and $ 0.8 million , which represents 16.6 % and 7.6 % of the total interest expense recognized by the Company, respectively. The weighted-average effective interest rate related to liabilities on borrowed metals and precious metals leases was 3.2 % and 2.6 % for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Liabilities on Borrowed Metals Liabilities may also arise from: (i) unallocated metal positions held by customers in the Company’s inventory, (ii) amounts due to suppliers for the use of their consigned inventory, and (iii) shortages in unallocated metal positions held by the Company in the supplier’s inventory, and (iv) advanced pool metals borrowed under short-term agreements using other precious metals from its inventory as collateral. Unallocated or pool metal represents an unsegregated inventory position that is due on demand, in a specified physical form, based on the total ounces of metal held in the position. Amounts due under these arrangements require delivery either in the form of precious metals or in cash. Precious Metals Leases The Company leases precious metals from its suppliers and customers under short-term arrangements, in which the lease terms and interest rates are established at lease inception. The Company has the ability to sell the pool metals advanced. These arrangements can be settled by repayment in similar metals or in cash. Product Financing Arrangements The Company has agreements with third-party financial institutions which allow the Company to transfer its gold and silver inventory at an agreed-upon price, which is based on the spot price. Such agreements allow the Company to repurchase this inventory upon demand at an agreed-upon price based on the spot price on the repurchase date. The third-party charges a monthly fee as a percentage of the market value of the outstanding obligation; such monthly charges are classified in interest expense. These transactions do not qualify as sales, and therefore have been accounted for as financing arrangements and are reflected in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as product financing arrangements. The obligation is stated at the amount required to repurchase the outstanding inventory. Both the product financing obligation and the underlying inventory (which is entirely restricted) are carried at fair value, with changes in fair value recorded as a component of cost of sales in the condensed consolidated statements of income. Such obligations totaled $ 377.0 million and $ 484.7 million as of September 30, 2025 and June 30, 2025, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the interest expense related to product financing arrangements totaled $ 3.2 million and $ 2.6 million , which represents 25.1 % and 26.5 % of the total interest expense recognized by the Company, respectively. 16. COMMITMENTS A ND CONTINGENCIES Refer to Note 16 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in the 2025 Annual Report for information relating to employment contracts and other commitments. The Company is not aware of any material changes to commitments as summarized in the 2025 Annual Report. Legal Matters The Company is from time-to-time party to various lawsuits, claims and other proceedings, that arise in the ordinary course of its business. Although the ultimate outcome of any legal matter cannot be predicted with certainty, based on current information, including our assessment of the merits of particular claims, we do not expect that these legal proceedings or claims will have any material adverse impact on our future consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, we review the need to accrue for any loss contingency and establish a liability when, in the opinion of management, it is probable that a matter would result in a liability and the amount of loss, if any, can be reasonably estimated. We do not believe that the resolution of any currently pending lawsuits, claims and proceedings, either individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on financial position, results of operations or liquidity. However, the outcomes of any currently pending lawsuits, claims and proceedings cannot be predicted, and therefore, there can be no assurance that this will be the case. 39 Additionally, we record receivables for insurance recoveries relating to litigation-related losses and expenses if and when such amounts are covered by insurance and recovery of such losses or expenses are due. 17. STOCKHOL DERS’ EQUITY Dividends Dividends are recorded if and when they are declared by the board of directors. O n July 3, 2025 , the Compa ny's board of directors declared a regular cash dividend of $ 0.20 per shar e of common stock to stockholders of record at the close of business on July 18, 2025 . The dividend was paid on August 1, 2025 and totaled $ 4.9 million. Share Repurchase Program In April 2018, the Company's board of directors approved a share repurchase program which authorized the Company to purchase up to 1.0 million shares (as adjusted for the two-for-one split of A-Mark’s common stock in the form of a stock dividend in fiscal 2022) of its common stock. Prior to fiscal 2023, no shares were repurchased under our share repurchase program. In fiscal 2023, we repurchased a total of 335,735 shares under the program for $ 9.8 million. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2023, the board revised the repurchase program to authorize the purchase of up to 1.0 million shares of our common stock, in addition to the shares previously repurchased, and extended the expiration date from June 30, 2023 to June 30, 2028 . In November 2023, the Company's board of directors further amended the share repurchase program to authorize an additional 1.2 million shares to be repurchased under the program, resulting in a total of 2.0 million shares authorized for repurchase, after taking into account the shares previously purchased at that date. As of September 30, 2025, 678,997 shares remain authorized for repurchase under the program. During the three months ended September 30, 2025, w e did no t repurchase any shares under our share repurchase program. From inception of the program through September 30, 2025 , we repurchased a total of 1,321,003 shares for $ 37.3 million, of which 139,455 shares were repurchased from a related party (see Note 14 for further information). Under the share repurchase program, we may repurchase shares of our common stock from time to time at prevailing market prices, depending on market conditions, through open market or privately negotiated transactions. Subject to applicable corporate securities laws, repurchases may be made at such times and prices and in amounts as management deems appropriate. We are not obligated to repurchase any shares under the program, and repurchases under the program may be discontinued if management determines that additional repurchases are not warranted. 2014 Stock Award and Incentive Plan The Company's amended and restated 2014 Stock Award and Incentive Plan (the "2014 Plan") was approved most recently on October 27, 2022 by the Company's stockholders. As of September 30, 2025, 1,438,644 shares were available for issuance of new awards under the 2014 Plan. Under the 2014 Plan, the Company may grant options and other equity awards as a means of attracting and retaining officers, employees, non-employee directors and consultants, to provide incentives to such persons and to align the interests of such persons with the interests of stockholders by providing compensation based on the value of the Company's stock. Awards under the 2014 Plan may be granted in the form of incentive or non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights ("SARs"), restricted stock, RSUs, dividend equivalent rights, other stock-based awards (which may include outright grants of shares) and cash incentive awards. The 2014 Plan also authorizes grants of awards with performance-based conditions and market-based conditions. The 2014 Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee of the board of directors, which, in its discretion, may select officers and other employees, directors (including non-employee directors) and consultants to the Company and its subsidiaries to receive grants of awards. The board of directors itself may perform any of the functions of the Compensation Committee under the 2014 Plan. Under the 2014 Plan, the exercise price of options and base price of SARs, as set by the Compensation Committee, generally may not be less than the fair market value of the shares on the date of grant, and the maximum term of stock options and SARs is ten years . The 2014 Plan limits the number of share-denominated awards that may be granted to any one eligible person in any fiscal year to 500,000 shares plus the participant's unused annual limit at the close of the previous year. Also, in the case of non-employee directors, the 2014 Plan limits the maximum grant-date fair value at $ 300,000 of stock-denominated awards granted to a director in a given fiscal year, except for a non-employee Chairman of the Board whose grant-date fair value maximum is $ 600,000 per fiscal year. The 2014 Plan will terminate when no shares remain available for issuance and no awards remain outstanding; however, the authority to grant new awards will terminate on October 27, 2032 . 40 Stock Options The Company measures the compensation cost of stock options using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, which uses various inputs such as the market price per share of common stock and estimates that include the risk-free interest rate, volatility, expected life and dividend yield. The Company incurred compensation expense related to stock options of $ 0.1 million and $ 0.0 million during the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of September 30, 2025, there was total remaining compensation expense of $ 1.5 million related to employee stock options, which will be recorded over a weighted-average vesting period of approximately 2.7 years. The Company recognizes forfeitures as they occur. The following table summarizes stock option activity: Options Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands) Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Award (1) Fiscal 2025 Outstanding at June 30, 2024 1,158,530 $ 7.10 $ 29,354 $ 3.53 Exercises ( 230,668 ) $ 14.23 $ 6,828 $ 6.56 Outstanding at September 30, 2024 927,862 $ 5.32 $ 36,035 $ 2.78 Exercisable at September 30, 2024 922,862 $ 5.14 $ 36,012 $ 2.70 Fiscal 2026 Outstanding at June 30, 2025 1,177,862 $ 9.68 $ 15,728 $ 4.39 Grants 30,000 $ 20.57 $ 159 $ 7.65 Exercises ( 5,000 ) $ 1.14 $ 129 $ 1.81 Forfeitures ( 100,000 ) $ 25.24 $ — $ 10.09 Outstanding at September 30, 2025 1,102,862 $ 8.60 $ 19,233 $ 3.97 Exercisable at September 30, 2025 929,529 $ 5.62 $ 18,973 $ 2.89 (1) The Company issued the options with an exercise price per share not less than the closing market price of common stock on the grant date. The following table summarizes information about stock options as of September 30, 2025: Exercise Price Ranges Options Outstanding Options Exercisable From To Number of Underlying Shares Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years) Weighted-Average Exercise Price Number of Underlying Shares Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years) Weighted-Average Exercise Price $ — $ 5.00 549,862 3.93 $ 1.94 549,862 3.93 $ 1.94 $ 5.01 $ 7.50 15,000 1.03 $ 6.33 15,000 1.03 $ 6.33 $ 7.51 $ 12.50 301,000 0.39 $ 8.96 301,000 0.39 $ 8.96 $ 12.51 $ 30.00 227,000 8.76 $ 23.04 53,667 6.18 $ 18.05 $ 30.01 $ 50.00 10,000 7.35 $ 39.69 10,000 7.35 $ 39.69 1,102,862 3.95 $ 8.60 929,529 2.90 $ 5.60 The following table summarizes nonvested stock option activity: Options Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Award Nonvested outstanding at June 30, 2025 243,333 $ 10.17 Granted 30,000 $ 7.65 Forfeitures ( 100,000 ) $ 10.09 Nonvested outstanding at September 30, 2025 173,333 $ 9.79 Restricted Stock Units RSUs granted by the Company are not transferable and automatically convert to shares of common stock on a one-for-one basis as the awards vest or at a specified date after vesting. RSUs granted to a non-U.S. citizen are referred to as "deferred stock units" or "DSUs". The Company measures the compensation cost of RSUs based on the closing price of the underlying shares at the grant date. The Company recognizes forfeitures as they occur. The Company incurred compensation expense related to RSUs of $ 0.3 million and $ 0.3 million during the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of September 30, 2025, there was $ 1.5 million of remaining compensation expense related to RSUs, which will be recorded over a weighted-average vesting period of approximately 2.3 years. 41 The following table summarizes RSU activity: Awards Outstanding Weighted-Average Fair Value per Unit at Grant Date Fiscal 2025 Nonvested outstanding at June 30, 2024 (3) 61,317 $ 30.61 Granted (as deemed reinvestment of cash dividend equivalents) 52 $ — (1) Vested & deferred (2) ( 40 ) $ — (1) Nonvested outstanding at September 30, 2024 (3) 61,329 $ 30.61 Vested but subject to deferred settlement at September 30, 2024 (2) 41,987 $ 26.03 Outstanding at September 30, 2024 (3) 103,316 $ 28.75 Fiscal 2026 Nonvested outstanding at June 30, 2025 82,690 $ 26.59 Granted 10,578 $ 22.26 Vested & deferred (1) ( 100 ) $ — (1) Nonvested outstanding at September 30, 2025 (2) 93,168 $ 26.13 Vested but subject to deferred settlement at September 30, 2025 (1) 56,250 $ 26.73 Outstanding at September 30, 2025 (2) 149,418 $ 26.36 (1) These shares were granted upon deemed reinvestment of dividend equivalents, in accordance with mandatory terms of the award agreement. The measured fair value of the original award fully valued the participant’s right to deemed reinvestment of dividend equivalents, and therefore this grant resulted in no incremental compensation expense, which is reflected in the table as zero fair value for the shares. (2) Certain RSU holders elected to defer settlement of the RSUs to a specified date. The DSU holder is contractually oblig ated to defer settlement of the DSUs to a specified date following the holder’s termination of service. (3) Includes 3,133 RSU s that vest based on continuous employment and achievement of non-market performance goals through June 30, 2026. Cash Incentive Bonus Award Effective in the first quarter of fiscal 2024, a cash incentive bonus is payable at the end of the fiscal 2024-2027 employment term of our chief executive officer ("CEO") (subject to acceleration in the event of certain terminations of employment or a change in control) equal to two percent of the total stockholder return on the outstanding shares at June 30, 2023, including dividends paid during the employment term, minus the total salary and annual cash bonuses that were paid to our CEO for services during the employment term. This award is analogous to a cash-settled stock appreciation right with a base price that is at a premium over the market price of our shares at the grant date, such premium being measured by the direct cash compensation paid to the CEO during the four-year term. The award is generally equivalent to stock appreciation rights on 466,728 shares with a base price of $ 36.32 , including dividend equivalents but subject to adjustment for the specified compensation offsets. The fair value of this liability award is estimated with a Black-Scholes valuation model that uses certain assumptions, such as expected volatility, risk-free interest rate, life of the award, dividend rate and strike price. The Company also estimates the most probable aggregate total of the performance bonus to be paid over the performance period in determining the strike price of the award . The grant date fair value of this liability award was $ 5.7 million. The fair value of this liability award was $ 1.4 million as of September 30, 2025 resulting from the following assumptions: a performance bonus estimate of $ 1.8 million to be paid over the four-year term, a risk-free rate of 3.6 %, and an equity volatility of 50.0 %. Compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the performance period, with the amount recognized fluctuating due to remeasurement of fair value at the end of each reporting period because the award is classified as a liability. The Company recognized compensation expense related to this cash incentive bonus award of $ 0.3 million and $ 1.1 million during the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Certain Anti-Takeover Provisions The Company’s certificate of incorporation and by-laws contain certain anti-takeover provisions that could have the effect of making it more difficult for a third-party to acquire, or of discouraging a third-party from attempting to acquire, control of the Company without negotiating with its board of directors. Such provisions could limit the price that investors might be willing to pay in the future for the Company’s securities. Certain of such provisions allow the Company to issue preferred stock with rights senior to those of the common stock or impose various procedural and other requirements which could make it more difficult for stockholders to effect certain corporate actions. 42 18. CUSTOMER AND SUPP LIER CONCENTRATIONS Customer Concentrations The following customers provided 10 percent or more of the Company's revenues (in thousands): Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 2024 Amount Percent Amount Percent Total revenue $ 3,680,766 100.0 % $ 2,715,096 100.0 % Customer concentrations HSBC Bank (1) $ 572,614 15.6 % $ 578,783 21.3 % Deutsche Bank (1) 557,167 15.1 % 14,889 0.6 % (1) Sales with this trading partner include sales on forward contracts that are entered into for hedging purposes rather than sales characterized with the physical delivery of precious metal product. This sales activity has been reported within the Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services segment. The following customer accounted for 10 percent or more of the Company's accounts receivable (in thousands): September 30, 2025 June 30, 2025 Amount Percent Amount Percent Total accounts receivable $ 283,140 100.0 % $ 137,723 100.0 % Customer concentrations Deutsche Bank AG $ 39,561 14.0 % $ 27,700 20.1 % No single customer provided 10 percent or more of the Company's secured loans receivable balances as of September 30, 2025. Supplier Concentrations The Company buys precious metals from a variety of sources, including through brokers and dealers, from sovereign and private mints, from refiners and directly from customers. The Company believes that no one supplier or small group of suppliers is critical to its business, since other sources of supply are available that provide similar products on comparable terms. 19. SEGMENTS AND GE OGRAPHIC INFORMATION The Company identifies its reportable segments based on a management approach as described in Topic 280 Segment Reporting , together with additional factors such as nature of products or services, customer types, and certain economic characteristics of the underlying business. Our Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM") is our CEO , Gregory Roberts. Our CODM uses segment net income or loss before provision for income taxes to allocate resources to our segments in our annual planning process and to assess the performance of our segments, primarily by monitoring actual results versus the annual plan. Our operating segments are not evaluated using asset information. The Company's operations are organized under three business segments (i) Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services, (ii) Direct-to-Consumer, and (iii) Secured Lending. The Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services segment includes the consolidating eliminations of inter-segment transactions and unallocated segment adjustments. See Note 1 for a description of the types of products and services from which each reportable segment derives its revenues. Revenue in thousands Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 2024 Revenue by segment (1) Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services $ 3,509,209 $ 2,547,998 Eliminations of inter-segment sales ( 692,338 ) ( 321,009 ) Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services, net of eliminations (2) 2,816,871 2,226,989 Direct-to-Consumer 863,895 (a) 488,107 (b) $ 3,680,766 $ 2,715,096 (1) The Secured Lending segment earns interest income from its lending activity and earns no revenue from the sales of precious metals. Therefore, no amounts are shown for the Secured Lending segment in the above table. (2) The eliminations of inter-segment sales are reflected in the Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services segment. (a) Includes $ 44.9 million of inter-segment sales from the Direct-to-Consumer segment to the Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services segment. (b) Includes $ 20.4 million of inter-segment sales from the Direct-to-Consumer segment to the Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services segment. 43 in thousands Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 2024 Revenue by geographic region United States $ 1,343,925 $ 1,013,855 Europe 1,772,196 1,323,683 Canada 473,065 325,672 Asia Pacific 85,993 48,434 Australia 5,425 3,452 South America 162 — $ 3,680,766 $ 2,715,096 Cost of Sales in thousands Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 2024 Cost of sales by segment (1) Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services $ 3,487,730 $ 2,528,189 Eliminations and adjustments ( 692,101 ) ( 321,190 ) Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services, net of eliminations and adjustments 2,795,629 2,206,999 Direct-to-Consumer, net of eliminations 812,240 464,654 $ 3,607,869 $ 2,671,653 (1) The Secured Lending segment earns interest income from its lending activity and has no cost of sales of precious metals. Therefore, no amounts are shown for the Secured Lending segment in the above table. Gross Profit and Gross Margin Percentage in thousands Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 2024 Gross profit by segment (1) Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services $ 21,479 $ 19,809 Eliminations and adjustments ( 237 ) 181 Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services, net of eliminations and adjustments 21,242 19,990 Direct-to-Consumer, net of eliminations 51,655 23,453 $ 72,897 $ 43,443 Gross margin percentage by segment Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services 0.612 % 0.777 % Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services, net of eliminations and adjustments 0.754 % 0.898 % Direct-to-Consumer 5.979 % 4.805 % Consolidated gross margin percentage 1.980 % 1.600 % (1) The Secured Lending segment earns interest income from its lending activity and earns no gross profit from the sales of precious metals. Therefore, no amounts are shown for the Secured Lending segment in the above table. 44 Operating Income and (Expenses) in thousands Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 2024 Operating income (expenses) by segment Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services $ ( 32,090 ) $ ( 16,449 ) Eliminations ( 67 ) ( 47 ) Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services, net of eliminations $ ( 32,157 ) $ ( 16,496 ) Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services, net of eliminations Selling, general, and administrative expenses $ ( 22,059 ) $ ( 12,734 ) Depreciation and amortization expense ( 1,626 ) ( 802 ) Interest income 3,006 4,015 Interest expense ( 10,808 ) ( 7,480 ) Earnings (losses) from equity method investments ( 944 ) 551 Other (expense) income, net ( 67 ) 5 Unrealized gains (losses) on foreign exchange 341 ( 51 ) $ ( 32,157 ) $ ( 16,496 ) Direct-to-Consumer Selling, general, and administrative expenses $ ( 37,465 ) $ ( 13,591 ) Depreciation and amortization expense ( 5,957 ) ( 3,904 ) Interest income 21 52 Interest expense ( 422 ) ( 484 ) Other income, net 2,300 — Unrealized (losses) gains on foreign exchange ( 440 ) 229 $ ( 41,963 ) $ ( 17,698 ) Secured Lending Selling, general, and administrative expenses $ ( 298 ) $ ( 292 ) Depreciation and amortization expense - ( 3 ) Interest income 2,544 3,020 Interest expense ( 1,370 ) ( 2,023 ) Earnings from equity method investments 36 27 Other income, net - 195 $ 912 $ 924 Net (Loss) Income Before Provision for Income Taxes in thousands Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 2024 Net (loss) income before provision for income taxes by segment Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services $ ( 10,915 ) $ 3,494 Direct-to-Consumer 9,692 5,755 Secured Lending 912 924 $ ( 311 ) $ 10,173 Advertising Expense in thousands Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 2024 Advertising expense by segment Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services $ ( 1,922 ) $ ( 620 ) Direct-to-Consumer ( 7,867 ) ( 3,956 ) Secured Lending ( 53 ) ( 70 ) $ ( 9,842 ) $ ( 4,646 ) Capital Expenditures for Long-Lived Assets in thousands Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 2024 Capital expenditures for long-lived assets by segment Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services $ ( 1,326 ) $ ( 505 ) Direct-to-Consumer ( 648 ) ( 102 ) $ ( 1,974 ) $ ( 607 ) 45 Inventories in thousands September 30, 2025 June 30, 2025 Inventories by segment Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services $ 935,129 $ 1,049,200 Direct-to-Consumer 287,965 230,345 $ 1,223,094 $ 1,279,545 in thousands September 30, 2025 June 30, 2025 Inventories by geographic region United States $ 1,067,233 $ 1,150,678 North America, excluding United States 72,783 52,225 Europe 29,804 32,987 Asia 53,274 43,655 $ 1,223,094 $ 1,279,545 Total Assets in thousands September 30, 2025 June 30, 2025 Total assets by segment Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services (1) $ 1,768,311 $ 1,485,370 Eliminations ( 305,373 ) ( 211,144 ) Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services, net of eliminations 1,462,938 1,274,226 Direct-to-Consumer 1,009,349 844,760 Secured Lending 107,084 96,445 $ 2,579,371 $ 2,215,431 (1) Our equity method investments and precious metals held under financing arrangements are primarily recorded within our Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services segment. in thousands September 30, 2025 June 30, 2025 Total assets by geographic region United States $ 2,189,472 $ 1,917,452 North America, excluding United States 249,616 169,864 Europe 39,329 40,625 Asia 100,954 87,490 $ 2,579,371 $ 2,215,431 Long-term Assets in thousands September 30, 2025 June 30, 2025 Long-term assets by segment Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services $ 122,962 $ 120,348 Direct-to-Consumer 342,877 349,394 Secured Lending 2,230 2,194 $ 468,069 $ 471,936 in thousands September 30, 2025 June 30, 2025 Long-term assets by geographic region United States $ 332,564 $ 334,199 North America, excluding United States 104,701 106,405 Europe 2 2 Asia 30,802 31,330 $ 468,069 $ 471,936 Goodwill in thousands September 30, 2025 June 30, 2025 Goodwill by segment Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services $ 39,191 $ 39,191 Direct-to-Consumer (1) 189,505 189,459 $ 228,696 $ 228,650 (1) Direct-to-Consumer segment’s goodwill balance is net of $ 1.4 million accumulated impairment losses. 46 Intangible assets in thousands September 30, 2025 June 30, 2025 Intangible assets by segment Wholesale Sales & Ancillary Services $ 17,687 $ 18,322 Direct-to-Consumer (1) 114,420 118,992 $ 132,107 $ 137,314 (1) Direct-to-Consumer segment’s intangible asset balance is net of $ 1.3 million accumulated impairment losses. 20. SUBSEQU ENT EVENTS Monex Acquisition On November 5, 2025 , the Company entered into a definitive agreement (the "Monex Agreement") to acquire, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, all of the equity interests of Monex Deposit Company, a California limited partnership, and certain related entities. The pur chase price to be paid by the Company is approximately $ 33.0 million, consisting of $ 19.0 million in cash and $ 14.0 million in shares of the Company's common stock valued at $ 25.00 per share in accordance with the terms of the Monex Agreement. Of the common stock, $ 10.0 million will be issued and delivered on the closing date and $ 4.0 million will be withheld by the Company for a period of 24 months following the closing date for purposes of securing the indemnification obligations of the sellers. The Monex Agreement also contemplates an additional deferred purchase price of up to $ 20.0 million based on the achievement of specified levels of cumulative pre-tax income. The transaction is expected to close within 60 days, subject to the satisfaction of certain customary closing conditions, including a minimum level of tangible net worth. Change of Name; Transfer to New York Stock Exchange On November 6, 2025, the Company announced that, effective December 2, 2025, it will change its name to Gold.com, Inc. and transfer the listing of its common shares from Nasdaq to the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE"). The shares of the Company are expected to begin trading on the NYSE under the symbol "GOLD" on December 2, 2025. Dividend As announced on October 29, 2025 , A-Mark’s Board of Directors has declared a quarterly cash dividend of $ 0.20 per share. The dividend is payable on December 2, 2025 to stockholders of record as of November 19, 2025 .