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Item 1. Financial Statements

2026-04-30 compared with 2025-10-24 · 230 added, 245 removed, 464 unchanged (51% of the section changed)

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SEGMENT INFORMATION (Continued)

Key financial information for the periods ended or at September 30 was as follows (in millions):

Segment Revenue, Cost, and Asset Principles for Ford Blue, Ford Model e, and Ford Pro

External vehicle and digital services revenue is generally vehicle-specific and included in the segment responsible for the external vehicle sale.

A majority of parts and accessories revenue and cost is attributed to customer sales channels or vehicle lines based on recent end-customer sales and is included in the respective segment.

In the normal course of business, Ford Blue, Ford Model e, and Ford Pro transact between segments and cooperate to leverage synergies, including developing and manufacturing vehicles on behalf of another segment.

When one segment produces a vehicle that is sold externally by another segment, an intersegment transaction occurs.

The producing segment will report intersegment revenue to recoup the costs associated with the unit produced.

This includes material cost, labor and overhead (including depreciation and amortization), inbound freight, and an intersegment markup.

The intersegment markup amount is set to deliver a competitive return to the producing segment for its manufacturing and distribution service.

Costs are reflected in the associated segment externally reporting the vehicle sale, as detailed in the table below:

Income Statement Elements Examples Segment Reporting

Costs specific to a particular vehicle Bill of material cost and initial warranty accrual Reported in the segment externally selling the vehicle

Costs identifiable by product line Manufacturing and logistics costs, depreciation & amortization expense, direct research & development costs Typically identifiable to the product line or production location.

Reported in the segment externally selling the vehicle, based on relative volume

Shared costs Selling, general & administrative expense, and indirect/cross product line research & development costs Typically shared across all segments, generally based on relative volume.

Certain costs clearly linked to a segment are reported in the specific segment

Intersegment markup costs for intersegment vehicle transactions Contract manufacturing and distribution fees Reported in the segment externally selling the vehicle, for each applicable vehicle transaction

Assets are reported in each segment, aligned to the appropriate operational responsibility.

Manufacturing assets, e.g., our plants and the machinery and equipment therein, are included in our Ford Blue and Ford Model e segments.

Manufacturing assets producing only, or primarily, EVs and related components are reflected in Ford Model e.

Manufacturing assets that support the production of ICE and hybrid vehicles, including those producing ICE and electric vehicles in the same facility, are included in Ford Blue.

Company-owned vendor tooling dedicated to producing EV parts is reported in Ford Model e.

Purchased regulatory credit compliance assets are reported in Ford Blue.

There are no Ford manufacturing, Company-owned vendor tooling, or regulatory credit compliance assets reported in Ford Pro.

Depreciation and amortization expense is reflected on the basis of production volume.

Regulatory compliance credit expense is allocated by vehicle line between the Ford Blue and Ford Pro segments.

Regardless of the segment reporting the asset, the related expenses are reported in the segment that reports the external vehicle sale.

Equity in net income/(loss) of affiliated companies is included in Income/(Loss) before income taxes , based primarily on which segment the entity supports or has the majority of the entity’s purchases or sales.

The table below shows the segment reporting for our most significant unconsolidated entities:

Ford Blue Ford Model e Ford Pro

∘ Changan Ford Automobile Corporation, Ltd.

∘ BlueOval SK, LLC (“BOSK”) ∘ Ford Otomotiv Sanayi Anonim Sirketi (“Ford Otosan”)

∘ Jiangling Motors Corporation, Ltd.

∘ AutoAlliance (Thailand) Co., Ltd.

Financial Statements (Continued)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SEGMENT INFORMATION (Continued)

Key financial information for the periods ended or at March 31 was as follows (in millions):

Ford Blue Ford

Model e Ford Pro Ford Credit Unallocated Amounts and Eliminations (a) Total

First Nine Months 2024

First Quarter 2025

External revenues $ 20,997 $ 1,242 $ 15,181 $ 3,237 $ 2 $ 40,659

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Interest on debt (excludes $ 1,790 of Ford Credit interest on debt)

Special items (g) ( 2,331 )

Special items (d) ( 110 )

Income/(Loss) before income taxes $ 621

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Equity in net income/(loss) of affiliated companies 62 ( 20 ) 40 10 2 94

Cash outflow for capital spending (e) 3,225 2,725 27 65 144 6,186

First Nine Months 2025

Cash outflow for capital spending 987 761 7 28 35 1,818

Total assets 62,772 16,181 3,664 154,183 47,739 284,539

First Quarter 2026

External revenues $ 23,858 $ 1,232 $ 14,723 $ 3,434 $ 6 $ 43,253

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Interest on debt (excludes $ 1,719 of Ford Credit interest on debt)

Special items (h) ( 1,859 )

Special items (e) ( 226 )

Income/(Loss) before income taxes $ 2,912

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Equity in net income/(loss) of affiliated companies 54 ( 4 ) 100 13 ( 3 ) 160

Cash outflow for capital spending (e) 3,287 2,534 35 88 87 6,031

Cash outflow for capital spending 1,335 990 8 19 24 2,376

Total assets 66,111 6,976 3,924 157,627 47,796 282,434

(a) Unallocated amounts include Corporate Other (see above description of corporate expenses and corporate assets) and Special Items.

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(b) Intersegment revenues only reflect finished vehicle transactions between Ford Blue, Ford Model e, and Ford Pro where there is an intersegment markup and are recognized at the time of the intersegment transaction.

material costs (including commodities and components and purchased vehicles from partners), manufacturing costs (including hourly and salaried wages and fringe, and plant overhead such as utilities and taxes), warranty coverages and field service action costs (including estimated costs to repair, replace, or adjust parts on a vehicle that are defective in factory supplied materials or workmanship), freight and duty costs (including related to the receiving and shipping of components and vehicles), vehicle and software engineering and connectivity costs (including wages and fringe for personnel, prototype materials, testing, and outside services), spending-related costs (including depreciation and amortization of manufacturing and engineering assets, asset retirements, and operating leases), advertising and sales promotions costs (including costs for advertising, marketing programs, brand promotions, customer mailings and promotional events, and auto shows), and administrative, IT, and selling costs (primarily including wages and fringe for salaried personnel and purchased services).

Other segment items for Ford Credit primarily consists of interest expense and depreciation.

(d) Primarily reflects a write-down of certain product-specific assets of $ 391 million and other expenses of $ 588 million related to the cancellation of a previously planned all-electric three-row SUV program, all of which was recorded in Cost of sales .

The remaining items consist of pension curtailment costs and remeasurement losses (primarily related to hourly buyouts in North America) and continued restructuring actions in Europe.

Financial Statements (Continued)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SEGMENT INFORMATION (Continued)

(e) Ford Blue recognized $ 206 million and $ 128 million of spending attributable to electric vehicles at shared manufacturing plants during the third quarter of 2024 and 2025, respectively, and $ 675 million and $ 486 million in the first nine months of 2024 and 2025, respectively.

Total electric vehicle spending, including Ford Blue and Ford Model e, was $ 983 million and $ 949 million during the third quarter of 2024 and 2025, respectively, and $ 3,401 million and $ 3,020 million in the first nine months of 2024 and 2025, respectively.

(f) Primarily reflects restructuring actions in Europe and our share of asset impairments and other expenses at an equity method investment.

(g) Includes a write-down of certain product-specific assets of $ 391 million and other expenses of $ 588 million related to the cancellation of a previously planned all-electric three-row SUV program, all of which was recorded in Cost of sales .

The amount also reflects restructuring actions in Europe, buyouts for hourly employees in North America, the extended duration of the Oakville Assembly Plant changeover, and pension curtailment and separation costs in North America and Europe.

(h) Primarily reflects a field service action for fuel injectors, our share of equity method investment asset impairments and write downs and other expenses, charges related to the cancellation of a previously planned all-electric three-row SUV program and resulting actions, and restructuring actions in Europe.

(c) Other segment items for the Ford Blue, Ford Model e, and Ford Pro segments primarily includes material costs, manufacturing costs, warranty coverages and field service action costs, freight and distribution costs, vehicle and software engineering costs, spending-related costs, advertising and sales promotions costs, and administrative, information technology, and selling costs.

Other segment items for the Ford Credit segment primarily includes interest expense and depreciation.

(d) Primarily reflects the cancellation of a previously planned all-electric three-row SUV program and continued ongoing restructuring actions in Europe.

(e) Primarily reflects ongoing restructuring actions in Europe and continued charges related to the EV program cancellations previously announced in December 2025, offset partially by pension and OPEB remeasurements.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

Trade Policy and Tariffs

As of March 31, 2026, we expect to receive about $2.8 billion related to tariff reimbursements from the federal government and suppliers and offsets to Company payment obligations to suppliers.

Included in this amount is about $1.3 billion related to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (“IEEPA”) and tariff rulings from the United States Supreme Court and the Court of International Trade in the first quarter of 2026.

Although we have started to receive reimbursements from the federal government (excluding those related to IEEPA), the timing for our receipt of these reimbursements is uncertain and is subject to changes in trade policy.

For additional information regarding the impact and potential impact of trade policy and tariffs on our business, see the Outlook section on page 53 of this 10-Q Report (including the EBIT impact) as well as Item 1A.

Risk Factors and “Key Trends and Economic Factors Affecting Ford and the Automotive Industry” in Item 7 in our 2025 Form 10-K Report.

Production and Supply Chain

On September 17, 2025, a fire at a Novelis Inc.

As previously disclosed, in September 2025 and November 2025, fires at a Novelis Inc.

plant in New York disrupted operations at the facility.

Novelis is a major aluminum supplier to Ford, and since the fire occurred, we have been working closely with Novelis to address the situation and exploring potential alternative sources of aluminum and mitigating actions to minimize potential disruptions to our operations.

Although the ultimate impact on Ford and Ford Credit is uncertain, we expect lower production in the fourth quarter of 2025 driven by the Novelis fire, which we expect to recover partially in 2026.

Lower production is likely to result in lower Ford Credit receivables and higher short-term available liquidity at Ford Credit.

For more information regarding the impact and potential impact of the Novelis fire on our business, see the Outlook section on page 56 of this 10-Q Report.

Novelis is a major aluminum supplier to Ford, and since the initial fire occurred, we have been working closely with Novelis to address the situation and exploring potential alternative sources of aluminum.

We have also sought mitigating actions to minimize potential disruptions to our operations.

We experienced lower production subsequent to the Novelis fires in September and November 2025, and although the ultimate impact on Ford depends on a number of factors, in the second half of 2026, we expect to partially recover the production lost to date.

For more information regarding the impact and potential impact of the Novelis fires on our business, see the Outlook section on page 53 of this 10-Q Report.

Risk Factors in our 2025 Form 10-K Report for additional discussion of the risks related to disruptions to Ford’s and Ford’s suppliers’ production and operations.

Trade Policy and Tariffs

To the extent governments in various regions implement or intensify barriers to trade, such as erecting tariff or non-tariff barriers, implementing export controls, or manipulating their currency to provide advantages to domestic companies, there can be a significant negative impact on manufacturers based in other markets.

Tariffs implemented to date in the United States and elsewhere have caused significant disruption, increased costs (both directly and indirectly), and uncertainty in the automotive industry, including for Ford, other OEMs, suppliers, and dealers, as well as customers.

Moreover, tariffs implemented in the United States and elsewhere in the future may exacerbate these impacts.

Further, fragility in the supply chain exacerbated by tariffs and other industry concerns, such as China’s restriction on the export of rare earth minerals, increases the risk of production disruptions and may further increase costs.

Tariffs have affected and will continue to affect all OEMs, to various degrees.

In the third quarter of 2025, Ford’s net EBIT impact related to tariffs implemented or revised in 2025 was about $700 million, including the impact of preferential tariff treatment and import adjustment offset amounts.

These offsets, which the U.S.

government recently expanded, are subject to periodic approval by the U.S.

Department of Commerce and may be revised based on ultimate production and import levels.

As of September 30, 2025, our balance sheet includes a receivable of about $1 billion reflecting tariffs paid but for which we have not yet received refunds for preferential tariff treatment and import adjustment offsets.

The timing for our receipt of these refunds is uncertain and depends, in part, on the category of the tariff.

Although there is uncertainty regarding the application, scope, duration, and timing for implementation of tariffs (including related offsets), those that have been implemented and any additional tariffs or other measures that are implemented in the United States and retaliatory tariffs or other measures or restrictions that are implemented by other governments and the potential related market impacts, should they be sustained for an extended period of time, would have a significant adverse effect, including both operationally and financially, on the overall automotive industry, Ford, and our supply chain in 2025 and beyond.

For additional information regarding the impact and potential impact of trade policy and tariffs on our business, see the Outlook section on page 56 of this 10-Q Report and Item 1A.

Risk Factors in our 2024 Form 10-K Report as updated by Item 1A.

Risk Factors in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2025.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

Electric Vehicle Market

Although we are investing in our electric vehicle strategy, we anticipate that the market for EVs will continue to change.

To date, we have observed lower-than-anticipated industrywide EV adoption rates due to changes in consumer sentiment, competitive dynamics, and legal and policy changes, among other factors, which we continue to monitor.

The recent termination of U.S.

tax credits intended to incentivize the purchase of EVs may negatively affect EV adoption rates and/or pricing.

Moreover, potentially significant reductions in the stringency of federal emissions and fuel economy standards and federal legislation that eliminated the authority of California and other states to implement and enforce their most stringent emissions standards and zero-emission vehicle sales requirements, and other actions that may be forthcoming, may add to the disruption of the market for EVs in the United States, our largest market.

These developments, which may continue to affect the pace of EV adoption, could extend the period of underutilization of EV production capacity across the industry.

This environment has led us, and may in the near future lead us, to adjust our investments, spending, production, and product or future technology launches to better match the pace of electric vehicle adoption and take incremental pricing actions.

As a result of these adjustments and actions, we have incurred, and may continue to incur, significant expenses related to program cancellation costs or otherwise, including payments to our electric vehicle-related suppliers (battery, raw material, or otherwise), asset write-downs, or other matters.

For example, we previously announced the cancellation of an all-electric three-row SUV program.

The impact of that cancellation also resulted in changes to future technology and product launches.

In addition to incurring expenses of $1.6 billion through the third quarter of 2025 related to these actions, we may incur additional expenses and cash expenditures of about $1.8 billion and will reflect those in the quarter they are incurred as a special item.

These regulatory and market dynamics may continue to occur, which could have a substantial adverse impact on our results of operations and/or business, including our investments in supply, production capacity, and equity method investments.

Further, the pace of EV adoption and slower-than-anticipated development of the EV market may impact our strategy to comply with regulatory emissions and fuel economy standards and zero-emission vehicle requirements.

Although recent actions taken and expected to be taken in the United States and elsewhere may eliminate or reduce the stringency of such standards, if consumers do not purchase our EVs and other highly fuel-efficient vehicles in sufficient numbers, it may be difficult for Ford to meet applicable environmental standards in certain markets and may force us to take various product-led actions (e.g., curtailing the production and sale of certain internal combustion vehicles) that could have substantial adverse effects on our sales volume and operations.

As previously reported, we have entered into agreements to purchase regulatory compliance credits for current and future model years in various regions, as, in some cases, we plan to utilize credits purchased from third parties to demonstrate regulatory compliance.

Our obligations under these agreements generally are dependent on the continued existence of an underlying regulatory compliance requirement in the applicable jurisdiction.

To the extent possible and beneficial, we will terminate or renegotiate agreements in response to regulatory changes, as authorized by those agreements.

For example, following federal legislative action taken in the United States in the second quarter of 2025 that eliminated certain state authority for new vehicle emissions standards and zero-emission vehicle requirements, we exercised our contractual right to terminate some of the credit purchase transactions under those agreements.

As a result of these terminations, in addition to the delivery of credits to us under our purchase agreements and accruals we recorded for credits we are obligated to receive, our future purchase obligations under our compliance credit purchase agreements as of September 30, 2025 totaled about $2.5 billion, down from about $4.2 billion at December 31, 2024.

In December 2025, we announced our decision to rationalize our EV manufacturing capacity and product roadmap, including cancelling three previously planned EVs and ending production of the current generation F-150 Lightning EV.

Related to the foregoing, in the first quarter of 2026, we recorded $103 million of charges to be paid in cash, primarily related to contractual commitments related to those programs.

As previously disclosed, we may incur additional expenses and cash expenditures of up to about $4 billion (on a pre-tax basis) related to these actions and will recognize those charges in the quarter they are incurred as a special item.

In addition, in December 2025, Ford, SK On Co., Ltd., and SK Battery America, Inc., and BlueOval SK, LLC (“BOSK”) entered into a Joint Venture Disposition Agreement (“JVDA”), pursuant to which our membership interest in BOSK will be redeemed, and a Ford subsidiary will receive BOSK’s two Kentucky plants and related assets, and will assume the related liabilities.

Upon closing of the transactions contemplated by the JVDA (expected in the second quarter of 2026), we now expect to recognize pre-tax special item charges of about $3.5 billion, which includes about $500 million of cash expenditures.

For additional information about BOSK and the JVDA, see Note 16 of the Notes to the Financial Statements.

The regulatory and market dynamics we have observed in the EV market may continue to occur, which could have a substantial adverse impact on our results of operations and/or business, including our investments in supply, production capacity, and equity method investments.

Further, as previously reported, we have entered into agreements to purchase regulatory compliance credits for current and future model years in various regions, as, in some cases, we plan to utilize credits purchased from third parties to demonstrate regulatory compliance.

Our obligations under these agreements generally are dependent on the continued existence of an underlying regulatory compliance requirement in the applicable jurisdiction, and we have terminated or renegotiated some of these agreements in response to regulatory changes, as authorized by those agreements.

As a result of these terminations, in addition to the delivery of credits to us under purchase agreements that

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

remain in place and accruals we recorded for credits we are obligated to receive, our future purchase obligations under our compliance credit purchase agreements as of March 31, 2026 totaled about $40 million, down from about $1.6 billion at December 31, 2025.

In addition, we have written off, and may in the future write off, compliance credit assets that we are no longer able to use as a result of legal and policy changes.

Write-offs to date for such credit assets have been immaterial.

Risk Factors in our 2024 Form 10-K Report for additional discussion of the risks related to lower-than-anticipated electric vehicle volumes and our planned transition to a greater mix of electric vehicles.

For additional discussion of the impact of changes in the EV market to our business, and the risks related thereto, see the “Governmental Standards” discussion in “Item 1.

Business” and “Item 1A.

Risk Factors” in our 2025 Form 10-K Report.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

In the third quarter of 2025, the net income attributable to Ford Motor Company was $2,447 million, and Company adjusted EBIT was $2,586 million.

In the first quarter of 2026, the net income attributable to Ford Motor Company was $2,548 million, and Company adjusted EBIT was $3,488 million.

Net income/(loss) includes certain items (“special items”) that are excluded from Company adjusted EBIT.

These items are discussed in more detail in Note 19 of the Notes to the Financial Statements.

We report special items separately to allow investors analyzing our results to identify certain infrequent significant items that they may wish to exclude when analyzing operating results.

These items are discussed in more detail under “Non-GAAP Financial Measures That Supplement GAAP Measures” on page 56 and in Note 18 of the Notes to the Financial Statements.

We report special items separately to allow investors analyzing our results to identify certain infrequent significant items that they may wish to exclude when analyzing ongoing operating results.

Our pre-tax and tax special items were as follows (in millions):

Third Quarter First Nine Months

2024 2025 2024 2025

First Quarter

Restructuring (by Geography)

Europe $ (32) $ (351)

North America Hourly Buyouts — — (260) —

Subtotal Restructuring $ (32) $ (351)

Fuel injector field service action $ — $ (1) $ — $ (572)

EV program cancellation (979) (13) (979) (385)

Ford share of equity method investment’s asset impairments / other — (74) — (275)

Ford share of BlueOval SK’s asset write down / other — (23) — (216)

EV program dispute 19 — 19 —

Extended Oakville Assembly Plant Changeover — — (246) —

Other (3) — 6 —

EV program cancellations announced in December 2025 $ — $ (103)

All-electric three-row SUV program cancellation and resulting actions (64) 53

Subtotal Other Items $ (64) $ (50)

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(a) Includes related tax effect on special items and tax special items.

We recorded $0.4 billion of pre-tax special item charges in the third quarter of 2025, primarily reflecting restructuring actions in Europe and our share of asset impairments and other related expenses at an equity method investment.

We recorded a $1.1 billion benefit from tax special items in the third quarter of 2025, including a net benefit of $1.4 billion associated with the release of a valuation allowance resulting from improvements in our South American operations and a non-cash charge of $0.4 billion to deferred tax assets to recognize tax legislation enacted in Germany during the quarter.

We recorded $226 million of pre-tax special item charges in the first quarter of 2026, primarily reflecting ongoing restructuring actions in Europe and continued charges related to the EV program cancellations previously announced in December 2025, offset partially by the impact of pension and OPEB remeasurement.

In Note 18 of the Notes to the Financial Statements, special items are reflected as a separate reconciling item, as opposed to being allocated among our segments.

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COMPANY KEY METRICS

The table below shows our third quarter and first nine months of 2025 key metrics for the Company, compared to a year ago.

Third Quarter First Nine Months

2024 2025 H / (L) 2024 2025 H / (L)

The table below shows our first quarter 2026 key metrics for the Company, compared to a year ago.

First Quarter

2025 2026 H / (L)

GAAP Financial Measures

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Net Income/(Loss) ($M) 471 2,548 $ 2,077

Net Income/(Loss) Margin (%) 1.9 % 4.8 % 2.9 ppts 3.0 % 2.0 % (0.9) ppts

Net Income/(Loss) Margin (%) 1.2 % 5.9 % 4.7 ppts

EPS (Diluted) $ 0.12 $ 0.63 $ 0.51

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EBIT ($M) 1,019 3,488 2,469

EBIT Margin (%) 5.5 % 5.1 % (0.4) ppts 5.9 % 4.1 % (1.8) ppts

EBIT Margin (%) 2.5 % 8.1 % 5.6 ppts

Adjusted EPS (Diluted) $ 0.14 $ 0.66 $ 0.52

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(a) See Non-GAAP Financial Measure Reconciliations section for reconciliation to GAAP.

In the third quarter of 2025, our diluted earnings per share of Common and Class B Stock was $0.60, and our diluted adjusted earnings per share was $0.45.

Net income/(loss) margin was 4.8% in the third quarter of 2025, up 2.9 percentage points from a year ago.

Company adjusted EBIT margin was 5.1% in the third quarter of 2025, down 0.4 percentage points from a year ago.

The table below shows the details of our third quarter and first nine months 2025 net income/(loss) attributable to Ford and Company adjusted EBIT (in millions).

Third Quarter First Nine Months

2024 2025 H / (L) 2024 2025 H / (L)

In the first quarter of 2026, our diluted earnings per share of Common and Class B Stock was $0.63, and our diluted adjusted earnings per share was $0.66.

Net income/(loss) margin was 5.9% in the first quarter of 2026, up 4.7 percentage points from a year ago.

Company adjusted EBIT margin was 8.1% in the first quarter of 2026, up 5.6 percentage points from a year ago.

The table below shows the details of our first quarter 2026 net income/(loss) attributable to Ford and Company adjusted EBIT (in millions).

First Quarter

2025 2026 H / (L)

Ford Blue $ 96 $ 1,942 $ 1,846

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(a) See Non-GAAP Financial Measure Reconciliations section for reconciliation to GAAP.

The year-over-year increase of $1,555 million in net income is primarily explained by lower special item charges, including lower charges related to the cancellation of a previously planned all-electric three-row SUV program, and increased tax benefits, including the tax special items described on page 37 .

The increase of $36 million in Company adjusted EBIT in the third quarter of 2025 primarily reflects higher Ford Pro EBIT and Ford Credit EBT, offset partially by lower Model e and Ford Blue EBIT.

The year-over-year increase in both net income and Company adjusted EBIT was primarily driven by higher Ford Blue and Ford Pro EBIT and higher Ford Credit EBT, with higher taxes and special item charges a partial offset to net income.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

The tables below and on the following pages provide third quarter and first nine months of 2025 key metrics and the change in third quarter 2025 EBIT compared with third quarter 2024 by causal factor for each of our Ford Blue, Ford Model e, and Ford Pro segments.

The tables below and on the following pages provide first quarter 2026 key metrics and the change in first quarter 2026 EBIT compared with first quarter 2025 by causal factor for each of our Ford Blue, Ford Model e, and Ford Pro segments.

For a description of these causal factors, see Definitions and Information Regarding Ford Blue, Ford Model e, and Ford Pro Causal Factors.

Ford Blue Segment

Third Quarter First Nine Months

Key Metrics 2024 2025 H / (L) 2024 2025 H / (L)

First Quarter

Key Metrics 2025 2026 H / (L)

Wholesale Units (000) (a) 588 584 (4)

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EBIT ($M) 96 1,942 1,846

EBIT Margin (%) 6.2 % 5.5 % (0.7) ppts 4.9 % 3.1 % (1.9) ppts

EBIT Margin (%) 0.5 % 8.1 % 7.7 ppts

(a) Includes Ford and Lincoln brand and JMC brand vehicles produced and sold in China by our unconsolidated affiliates (about 91,000 units in Q1 2025 and 78,000 units in Q1 2026).

Change in EBIT by Causal Factor (in millions)

Third Quarter 2024 EBIT

First Quarter 2025 EBIT

Volume / Mix 908

Net Pricing 347

Exchange (155)

Third Quarter 2025 EBIT

In the third quarter of 2025, Ford Blue’s wholesales increased 2% from a year ago.

The increase primarily reflects higher sales of vehicles manufactured and sold to other OEMs through existing alliance agreements and higher wholesales in North America, offset partially by lower passenger vehicle sales in Europe and lower sales at our joint ventures in China.

Third quarter 2025 revenue increased 7%, driven primarily by higher wholesales, favorable net pricing, and improved mix.

Ford Blue’s third quarter 2025 EBIT was $1,540 million, a decrease of $84 million from a year ago, with an EBIT margin of 5.5%.

The lower EBIT primarily reflects higher costs, including tariffs, and adverse exchange, offset partially by favorable net pricing and higher volume and mix.

Excluding tariffs, cost improved year-over-year, reflecting ongoing cost reduction initiatives, including lower material and warranty costs.

First Quarter 2026 EBIT

In the first quarter of 2026, Ford Blue’s wholesales were about flat compared to a year ago.

The end of production of the Escape in North America and Focus in Europe were largely offset by higher utility wholesales, including Explorer, Bronco, and Expedition.

First quarter 2026 revenue increased 14%, primarily driven by favorable mix, exchange, and net pricing.

Ford Blue’s first quarter 2026 EBIT was $1,942 million, an increase of $1,846 million from a year ago, with an EBIT margin of 8.1%.

The higher EBIT primarily reflects favorable market factors, higher parts and accessories profit, and lower regulatory compliance expenses.

Costs were about flat year over year with the one-time IEEPA tariff benefit of about $700 million recognized in the first quarter of 2026 being offset by higher sourcing costs, including tariffs, associated with the disruption in aluminum supply and higher commodity prices.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

Ford Model e Segment

Third Quarter First Nine Months

Key Metrics 2024 2025 H / (L) 2024 2025 H / (L)

First Quarter

Key Metrics 2025 2026 H / (L)

Wholesale Units (000) 31 34 3

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EBIT ($M) (849) (777) 72

EBIT Margin (%) (104.8) % (79.1) % 25.7 ppts (151.9) % (66.7) % 85.2 ppts

EBIT Margin (%) (68.4) % (63.1) % 5.3 ppts

Change in EBIT by Causal Factor (in millions)

Third Quarter 2024 EBIT

First Quarter 2025 EBIT

Volume / Mix 34

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Exchange (10)

Third Quarter 2025 EBIT

In the third quarter of 2025, Ford Model e’s wholesales increased significantly from a year ago, primarily reflecting the introduction of EV products in Europe, including the Puma Gen-E and Capri, and higher F-150 Lightning wholesales in North America.

Third quarter 2025 revenue increased by $608 million, primarily reflecting higher wholesales.

Ford Model e’s third quarter 2025 EBIT loss was $1,410 million, a $179 million higher loss than a year ago, with an EBIT margin of negative 79.1%.

The increased EBIT loss was primarily driven by adverse net pricing, a one-time charge related to the Louisville Assembly Plant changeover (included in Other), and unfavorable exchange, offset partially by higher volume and lower costs.

The lower costs include lower material and warranty costs, which more than offset increased tariff-related costs.

First Quarter 2026 EBIT

In the first quarter of 2026, Ford Model e’s wholesales increased 10% from a year ago, primarily reflecting a full quarter of production of the Puma Gen-E and higher Explorer and Capri wholesales in Europe, offset partially by the discontinuation of the F-150 Lightning in North America.

First quarter 2026 revenue was flat compared to a year ago.

Ford Model e’s first quarter 2026 EBIT loss was $777 million, a $72 million improvement from a year ago, with an EBIT margin of negative 63.1%.

The improved EBIT was driven by about $200 million of lower losses on Gen-1 products (including lower warranty costs and higher volume), offset partially by higher investment in future Gen-2 products.

Ford Pro Segment

Third Quarter First Nine Months

Key Metrics 2024 2025 H / (L) 2024 2025 H / (L)

First Quarter

Key Metrics 2025 2026 H / (L)

Wholesale Units (000) (a) 352 316 (36)

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EBIT ($M) 1,309 1,685 376

EBIT Margin (%) 11.6 % 11.4 % (0.2) ppts 14.6 % 10.9 % (3.6) ppts

(a) Includes Ford brand vehicles produced and sold by our unconsolidated affiliate Ford Otosan in Türkiye (about 21,000 units in Q3 2024 and 23,000 in Q3 2025).

EBIT Margin (%) 8.6 % 11.4 % 2.8 ppts

(a) Includes Ford brand vehicles produced and sold by our unconsolidated affiliate Ford Otosan in Türkiye (about 20,000 units in Q1 2025 and 17,000 units in Q1 2026).

Change in EBIT by Causal Factor (in millions)

Third Quarter 2024 EBIT

First Quarter 2025 EBIT

Volume / Mix (451)

Net Pricing (23)

Third Quarter 2025 EBIT

In the third quarter of 2025, Ford Pro’s wholesales increased 9% from a year ago, driven by higher daily rental volume in North America and higher sales of the Transit family of vehicles, including the introduction of the E-Transit Custom and E-Transit Courier in Europe.

Third quarter 2025 revenue increased 11%, primarily reflecting higher wholesales and favorable exchange, offset partially by moderated pricing across fleets (including daily rental).

Ford Pro’s third quarter 2025 EBIT was $1,985 million, an increase of $172 million from a year ago, with an EBIT margin of 11.4%.

The higher EBIT was primarily driven by higher volume and favorable exchange, offset partially by unfavorable fleet pricing (including daily rental) and higher cost.

Excluding tariffs, cost improved year-over-year, driven by lower warranty and material costs.

First Quarter 2026 EBIT

In the first quarter of 2026, Ford Pro’s wholesales decreased 10% from a year ago, driven by lower Super Duty wholesales as a result of the aluminum supply disruption and the end of production of the Escape in North America for fleet customers (including daily rentals), offset partially by the non-recurrence of 2025 planned downtime at the Kentucky Truck and Kansas City Assembly plants.

First quarter 2026 revenue decreased 3%, reflecting lower wholesales, offset partially by favorable exchange and mix.

Ford Pro’s first quarter 2026 EBIT was $1,685 million, an increase of $376 million from a year ago, with an EBIT margin of 11.4%.

The improved EBIT was primarily driven by lower cost, higher parts and accessories profit, favorable exchange, and lower regulatory compliance expenses, offset partially by unfavorable market factors.

The lower costs reflect the one-time IEEPA tariff benefit of about $500 million recognized in the first quarter of 2026 and lower warranty and material costs, offset partially by higher commodity prices.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

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The foregoing information regarding Ford Credit’s website and its content is for convenience only and not deemed to be incorporated by reference into this Report nor filed with the SEC.

The tables below provide third quarter and first nine months of 2025 key metrics and the change in third quarter 2025 EBT compared with third quarter 2024 by causal factor for the Ford Credit segment.

The tables below provide first quarter 2026 key metrics and the change in first quarter 2026 EBT compared with first quarter 2025 by causal factor for the Ford Credit segment.

For a description of these causal factors, see Definitions and Information Regarding Ford Credit Causal Factors.

Third Quarter First Nine Months

Key Metrics 2024 2025 H / (L) 2024 2025 H / (L)

First Quarter

Key Metrics 2025 2026 H / (L)

Total Net Receivables ($B) $ 141.6 $ 144.1 $ 2.5

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EBT ($M) 580 783 $ 203

ROE (%) 14.1 % 15.1 % 1.0 ppts 9.6 % 14.1 % 4.5 ppts

ROE (%) 12.3 % 18.2 % 5.9 ppts

Other Balance Sheet Metrics

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retail financing only.

portfolio off-lease third quarter auction values at Q3 2025 mix and YTD amounts at YTD 2025 mix.

portfolio off-lease first quarter auction values at Q1 2026 mix.

Change in EBT by Causal Factor (in millions)

Third Quarter 2024 EBT

First Quarter 2025 EBT

Volume / Mix 15

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Lease Residual 16

Third Quarter 2025 EBT

Ford Credit’s total net receivables of $145.7 billion were 2% higher than a year ago, explained primarily by a larger operating lease portfolio.

The third quarter 2025 U.S.

loss-to-receivables (“LTR”) ratio of 62 basis points increased from a year ago, reflecting increased loss severity and higher repossessions.

auction values increased 3% year over year, reflecting industrywide low used vehicle supply and high demand.

Ford Credit’s third quarter 2025 EBT of $631 million was $87 million higher than a year ago, explained primarily by higher financing margin and receivables, offset partially by Other and higher credit losses.

Other reflects a charge related to an industrywide review by the U.K.

Financial Conduct Authority into the historical use of dealer commissions and the non-recurrence of a realized gain on accumulated foreign currency translation related to Europe restructuring in third quarter 2024, offset partially by the non-recurrence of a negative derivative market valuation adjustment.

First Quarter 2026 EBT

Ford Credit’s total net receivables of $144.1 billion were 2% higher than a year ago, explained primarily by a larger operating lease portfolio and exchange, offset partially by lower non-consumer financing.

The first quarter 2026 U.S.

loss-to-receivables ratio of 72 basis points increased from a year ago, primarily reflecting higher repossessions.

auction values increased 1% year over year, reflecting strong customer demand.

Ford Credit’s first quarter 2026 EBT of $783 million was $203 million higher than a year ago, explained primarily by higher financing margin, favorable derivative market valuation adjustments (included in Other), and exchange, offset partially by higher credit losses.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

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Corporate Other

Corporate Other primarily includes corporate governance expenses, past service pension and OPEB income and expense, interest income (excluding Ford Credit interest income and interest earned on our extended service contract portfolio) and gains and losses from our cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities, and foreign exchange derivatives gains and losses associated with intercompany lending.

Corporate Other primarily includes corporate governance expenses, past service pension and OPEB income and expense, interest income (excluding Ford Credit interest income and interest earned on our extended service contract portfolio) and realized and unrealized gains and losses on our cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities, and foreign exchange derivatives gains and losses associated with intercompany lending.

Corporate governance expenses are primarily administrative, delivering benefit on behalf of the global enterprise, that are not allocated to operating segments.

These include expenses related to setting and directing global policy, providing oversight and stewardship, and promoting the Company’s interests.

In the third quarter of 2025, Corporate Other had a $160 million EBIT loss, compared to a $200 million EBIT loss a year ago.

In the first quarter of 2026, Corporate Other had a $145 million EBIT loss, compared to a $117 million EBIT loss a year ago.

Interest on Debt

Interest on Debt, which consists of interest expense on Company debt excluding Ford Credit, was $321 million in the third quarter of 2025, $49 million higher than a year ago.

Our Provision for/(Benefit from) income taxes for the third quarter and first nine months of 2025 was a benefit of $630 million and a provision of $88 million, respectively.

This resulted in an effective tax rate of negative 34.7% for the third quarter and 3.0% for the first nine months.

During the third quarter, these rates were impacted by a net benefit of $1.4 billion associated with the release of a valuation allowance resulting from improvements in our South American operations.

The third quarter and first nine months rates were also impacted by a non-cash charge of $424 million to deferred tax assets to recognize the impact of tax legislation enacted in Germany during the quarter.

In addition, the nine-month rate was impacted by a non-cash charge of $471 million to deferred tax assets recorded in the second quarter associated with resolving transfer pricing matters in certain non-U.S.

The foregoing were treated as special items.

Our third quarter and first nine months 2025 adjusted effective tax rates, which exclude special items, were 19.6% and 19.8%, respectively.

On July 4, 2025, P.L.

119-21 (otherwise known as the “One Big Beautiful Bill Act”) was signed into law.

We have analyzed the provisions within the act and determined there was no material impact in the third quarter of 2025, nor do we expect a material impact on our 2025 consolidated financial statements.

Interest on Debt, which consists of interest expense on Company debt excluding Ford Credit, was $350 million in the first quarter of 2026, $62 million higher than a year ago.

Our Provision for/(Benefit from) income taxes for the first quarter of 2026 was a provision of $361 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of 12.4%, partially driven by a benefit resulting from a tax law change in the United Kingdom during the period.

Our first quarter 2026 adjusted effective tax rate, which excludes special items, was 13.9%.

During the second quarter of 2026, we anticipate recognizing a tax benefit of up to $350 million arising from U.S Qualified Opportunity Zone tax incentives.

The benefit is expected to be treated as a special item.

We regularly review our organizational structure and income tax elections for affiliates in non-U.S.

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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

At September 30, 2025, total cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities, and restricted cash, including Ford Credit and entities held for sale, was $42.5 billion.

At March 31, 2026, total cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities, and restricted cash, including Ford Credit and entities held for sale, was $30.8 billion.

We consider our key balance sheet metrics to be:

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Company excluding Ford Credit

2024 September 30,

2025 March 31,

Balance Sheets ($B)

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Total Funded Status OPEB $ (4.4) $ (4.3)

(a) Balances at September 30, 2025 reflect net funded status at December 31, 2024, updated for:

(a) Balances at March 31, 2026 reflect net funded status at December 31, 2025, updated for:

service and interest cost;

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and cash contributions.

The discount rate and rate of expected return assumptions are unchanged from year-end 2024.

For plans without interim remeasurement, the discount rate and rate of expected return assumptions are unchanged from year-end 2025.

Our key priority is to maintain a strong balance sheet to withstand potential stress scenarios, while having resources available to invest in and grow our business.

At September 30, 2025, we had Company cash of $32.9 billion and liquidity of $54.0 billion.

At September 30, 2025, about 87% of Company cash was held by consolidated entities domiciled in the United States.

At March 31, 2026, we had Company cash of $22.0 billion (after the repayment of our 0.00% Convertible Senior Notes, which was not refinanced, and share repurchases under our anti-dilutive share repurchase program), and liquidity of $43.1 billion.

At March 31, 2026, about 82% of Company cash was held by consolidated entities domiciled in the United States.

To be prepared for an economic downturn and other stress scenarios, we target an ongoing Company cash balance at or above $20 billion plus significant additional liquidity above our Company cash target.

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Material Cash Requirements.

Our material cash requirements include:

• Capital expenditures (for additional information, see the “Changes in Company Cash” section below) and other payments for engineering, software, product development, and implementation of our plans for electric vehicles

• Purchase of raw materials and components to support the manufacturing and sale of vehicles (including electric vehicles), parts, accessories, and payment of tariffs (for additional information, see the Aggregate Contractual Obligations table and the accompanying description of our “Purchase obligations” in the “Liquidity and Capital Resources - Company Excluding Ford Credit” section in Item 7 of our 2024 Form 10-K Report)

• Purchase of regulatory compliance credits

Our material cash requirements may include:

• Purchase of raw materials and components to support the manufacturing and sale of vehicles (including electrified vehicles), parts, accessories, and payment of tariffs (for additional information, see the description of our “purchase obligations” in the “Liquidity and Capital Resources - Company Excluding Ford Credit” section in Item 7 of our 2025 Form 10-K Report)

• Marketing incentive payments to dealers

• Payments for warranty and field service actions (for additional information, see Note 17 of the Notes to the Financial Statements herein)

• Debt repayments including finance lease payments (for additional information, see the Aggregate Contractual Obligations table in the “Liquidity and Capital Resources - Company Excluding Ford Credit” section in Item 7 and Note 18 of the Notes the Financial Statements in our 2024 Form 10-K Report)

• Debt repayments including finance lease payments (for additional information, see Note 18 of the Notes to the Financial Statements in our 2025 Form 10-K Report)

• Discretionary and mandatory payments to our global pension plans (for additional information, see the “Liquidity and Capital Resources - Total Company” section in Item 7 of our 2025 Form 10-K Report, the “Changes in Company Cash” section below, and Note 11 of the Notes to the Financial Statements herein)

• Employee wages, benefits, and incentives

• Operating lease payments (for additional information, see the Aggregate Contractual Obligations table in the “Liquidity and Capital Resources - Company Excluding Ford Credit” section in Item 7 and Note 17 of the Notes to the Financial Statements in our 2024 Form 10-K Report)

• Operating lease payments (for additional information, see Note 17 of the Notes to the Financial Statements in our 2025 Form 10-K Report)

• Cash effects related to the restructuring of our business

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Subject to approval by our Board of Directors, shareholder distributions in the form of dividend payments and/or a share repurchase program (including share repurchases to offset the anti-dilutive effect of increased share-based compensation) may require the expenditure of a material amount of cash.

We target shareholder distributions of 40% to 50% of adjusted free cash flow.

We generally target shareholder distributions of 40% to 50% of adjusted free cash flow.

Moreover, we may be subject to additional material cash requirements that are contingent upon the occurrence of certain events, e.g., legal contingencies, uncertain tax positions, and other matters.

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The net impact of this typically results in cash outflows from changes in our working capital balances during these shutdown periods.

In response to, or in anticipation of, supplier disruptions, we may stockpile certain components or raw materials to help prevent disruption in our production of vehicles.

In response to, or in anticipation of, supplier disruptions, we may stockpile certain components or raw materials to help prevent disruption in our production operations.

Such actions could have a short-term adverse impact on our cash and increase our inventory.

Moreover, in order to secure critical materials for production of electric vehicles, we have entered into and we may, in the future, enter into offtake agreements with raw material suppliers and make investments in certain raw material and battery suppliers, including contributing up to a maximum of $6.6 billion in capital to BlueOval SK, LLC (“BOSK”) over a five-year period ending in 2026.

As of September 30, 2025, we have recognized contributions (net of returns of capital) to BOSK of $2.9 billion (for additional information, see Note 17 of the Notes to the Financial Statements herein).

Our actual capital outlay could vary significantly based on the final project costs and potential financing opportunities.

Moreover, in order to secure critical materials to manufacture electrified products, we have entered into and we may, in the future, enter into offtake agreements with raw material suppliers and make investments in certain raw material and battery suppliers.

Such investments could have an additional adverse impact on our cash in the near-term.

The terms of the offtake agreements we have entered into, and those we may enter into in the future, vary by transaction, though they generally obligate us to purchase a certain percentage or minimum amount of output produced by the counterparty over an agreed upon period of time.

The purchase price mechanisms included in the offtake agreements are typically based on the market price of the material at the time of delivery.

The purchase price mechanisms included in our offtake agreements are typically based on the market price of the material at the time of delivery.

The terms may also include conditions to our obligation to purchase the materials, such as quality or minimum output.

Subject to satisfaction of those conditions, we will be obligated to purchase the materials or otherwise compensate the supplier in an amount determined by the contract.

As of September 30, 2025, our estimated expenditures for the maximum quantity that we are committed to purchase under these offtake agreements through 2035, subject to certain conditions, consist of approximately $1.4 billion of purchase obligations and approximately $4.2 billion of contingent purchase obligations based on our present forecast;

As of March 31, 2026, our estimated expenditures for the maximum quantity that we are committed to purchase under these offtake agreements through 2035, subject to certain conditions, total approximately $5.9 billion based on our present forecast;

however, our forecast could fluctuate from period to period based on market prices, which may result in significant increases or decreases in our estimate.

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Accruals recorded to date for such items have been immaterial.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

As market conditions dictate, we have entered, and may in the future enter, into additional offtake agreements with raw material suppliers or renegotiate existing agreements.

In addition, as mentioned above, we may seek to resell excess materials.

Risk Factors in our 2024 Form 10-K Report and as updated by our subsequent filings with the SEC for a discussion of the risks related to our offtake agreements and other long-term purchase contracts.

For additional discussion of the risks related to our offtake agreements and other long-term purchase contracts, see Item 1A.

Risk Factors in our 2025 Form 10-K Report.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

Financial institutions participate in a supply chain finance (“SCF”) program that enables our suppliers, at their sole discretion, to sell their Ford receivables (i.e., our payment obligations to the suppliers) to the financial institutions on a non-recourse basis in order to be paid earlier than our payment terms provide.

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We have no economic interest in a supplier’s decision to participate in the SCF program, and we do not provide any guarantees in connection with it.

As of September 30, 2025, the outstanding amount of Ford receivables that suppliers elected to sell to the SCF financial institutions was $188 million.

The amount settled through the SCF program during the first nine months of 2025 was $951 million.

As of March 31, 2026, the outstanding amount of Ford receivables that suppliers elected to sell to the SCF financial institutions was $141 million.

The amount settled through the SCF program during the first quarter of 2026 was $287 million.

Changes in Company cash excluding Ford Credit are summarized below (in billions):

Third Quarter First Nine Months

2024 2025 2024 2025

First Quarter

Company Excluding Ford Credit

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Numbers may not sum due to rounding.

Our third quarter 2025 Net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities was $7.4 billion, $1.9 billion higher than a year ago (see page 62 for additional information).

The increase primarily reflects higher net income and higher Ford Credit operating cash flows.

Company adjusted free cash flow was $4.3 billion, $1.1 billion higher than a year ago, primarily driven by timing differences, improved working capital, higher Ford Credit distributions, and lower cash taxes.

Capital spending was $2.1 billion in the third quarter of 2025, about flat compared to a year ago.

We continue to expect full year 2025 capital spending to be about $9 billion.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

Third quarter 2025 working capital impact was $1.2 billion, driven by lower inventory, higher payables, and lower receivables, each compared to June 30, 2025.

All other and timing differences were $2.0 billion.

Our first quarter 2026 Net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities was $1.3 billion, $2.4 billion lower than a year ago (see page 59 for additional information).

The decrease primarily reflects lower accrued liabilities, lower working capital, and Ford Credit operating cash, offset partially by higher net income.

Company adjusted free cash flow was negative $1.9 billion, $0.4 billion lower than a year ago, primarily driven by unfavorable timing differences, higher net spending, and lower working capital, offset partially by higher Company adjusted EBIT excluding Ford Credit and higher Ford Credit distributions.

Capital spending was $2.4 billion in the first quarter of 2026, an increase of $0.6 billion from a year ago.

We continue to expect full year 2026 capital spending to be in the range of $9.5 billion to $10.5 billion.

First quarter 2026 working capital impact was negative $0.9 billion, driven by higher inventory and receivables, offset partially by higher trade payables, each compared to December 31, 2025.

All other and timing differences were negative $3 billion.

Timing differences include differences between accrual-based EBIT and the associated cash flows (e.g., marketing incentive and warranty payments to dealers, JV equity income, compensation payments, and pension and OPEB income or expense).

Cash outflows related to our warranty accruals are expected to occur over several years.

In the third quarter of 2025, we contributed $187 million to our global funded pension plans.

We now expect to contribute about $750 million to our global funded pension plans in 2025.

Shareholder distributions were $0.6 billion in the third quarter of 2025, all of which was attributable to our regular dividend.

In the first quarter of 2026, we contributed $178 million to our global funded pension plans.

We continue to expect to contribute about $550 million to our global funded pension plans in 2026.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

Shareholder distributions (including cash dividends and anti-dilutive share repurchases) were $0.9 billion in the first quarter of 2026.

Available Credit Lines .

Total Company committed credit lines, excluding Ford Credit, at September 30, 2025 were $23.6 billion, consisting of $13.5 billion of our corporate credit facility, $2.0 billion of our supplemental revolving credit facility, $2.5 billion of our 364-day revolving credit facility, $3.0 billion of our delayed draw term loan facility (as discussed below), and $2.6 billion of local credit facilities.

At September 30, 2025, $2.4 billion of committed Company credit lines, excluding Ford Credit, was utilized under local credit facilities for our affiliates, and the full amount under each of our corporate, supplemental, 364-day, and delayed draw term loan credit facilities was available.

Lenders under our corporate credit facility have $3.4 billion of commitments maturing on April 17, 2028 and $10.1 billion of commitments maturing on April 17, 2030.

Lenders under our supplemental revolving credit facility have $2.0 billion of commitments maturing on April 17, 2028.

Lenders under our 364-day revolving credit facility have $2.5 billion of commitments maturing on April 16, 2026.

As previously reported, on July 28, 2025, we closed on a $3 billion delayed draw term loan facility, further strengthening our liquidity and providing additional financial flexibility.

The commitments under the delayed draw term loan facility are available through July 28, 2026.

Any unused commitments shall automatically terminate after July 28, 2026, and any loans drawn under the facility will mature on December 31, 2028.

The corporate, supplemental, and 364-day credit agreements include certain sustainability-linked targets, pursuant to which the applicable margin and facility fees may be adjusted if Ford achieves, or fails to achieve, the specified targets related to global manufacturing facility greenhouse gas emissions, carbon-free electricity consumption, and Ford Europe CO 2 tailpipe emissions.

For the most recent performance period, Ford outperformed the global manufacturing facility greenhouse gas emissions and carbon-free electricity consumption metrics, and it was on target for the Ford Europe CO 2 tailpipe emissions metric.

Total Company committed credit lines, excluding Ford Credit, at March 31, 2026 were $23.7 billion, consisting of $13.5 billion of our corporate credit facility, $2.0 billion of our supplemental revolving credit facility, $2.5 billion of our 364-day revolving credit facility, $3.0 billion of our delayed draw term loan facility, and $2.7 billion of local credit facilities.

At March 31, 2026, $2.3 billion of committed Company credit lines, excluding Ford Credit, was utilized under local credit facilities for our affiliates, and the full amount under each of our corporate, supplemental, 364-day, and delayed draw term loan credit facilities was available.

Our corporate, supplemental, and 364-day revolving credit facilities were amended as of April 15, 2026 to extend the maturity dates of the commitments under each facility.

Following the corporate credit facility amendment, $3.4 billion of commitments mature on April 13, 2029 and $10.1 billion of commitments mature on April 15, 2031.

Following the supplemental revolving credit facility amendment, $2.0 billion of commitments mature on April 13, 2029.

Following the 364-day revolving credit facility amendment, $2.5 billion of commitments mature on April 14, 2027.

Our delayed draw term loan facility was also amended as of April 15, 2026 to extend the available draw period for the $3.0 billion of commitments to December 31, 2026.

Any unused commitments shall automatically terminate after December 31, 2026, and any loans drawn under the facility will mature on December 31, 2028.

The sustainability-linked targets previously included in the corporate, supplemental, and 364-day credit agreements were removed as part of the amendments described above and the applicable margin and facility fees under those facilities will no longer be adjusted based on whether Ford achieves, or fails to achieve, certain sustainability-linked targets.

The corporate credit facility is unsecured and free of material adverse change conditions to borrowing, restrictive financial covenants (for example, interest or fixed-charge coverage ratio, debt-to-equity ratio, and minimum net worth requirements), and credit rating triggers that could limit our ability to obtain funding or trigger early repayment.

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If our senior, unsecured, long-term debt does not maintain at least two investment grade ratings from Fitch, Moody’s, and S&P, the guarantees of certain subsidiaries will be required.

The terms and conditions of the supplemental and 364-day revolving credit facilities and the delayed draw term loan facility are consistent with our corporate credit facility.

The terms and conditions of the supplemental revolving credit facility, the 364-day revolving credit facility, and the delayed draw term loan facility are consistent with our corporate credit facility.

Ford Credit has been designated as a subsidiary borrower under the corporate credit facility and the 364-day revolving credit facility.

As previously reported, on July 23, 2025, Ford Motor Company Limited, our operating subsidiary in the United Kingdom (“Ford of Britain”), entered into a £1 billion term loan credit facility with a syndicate of banks to support Ford of Britain’s general export activities.

Accordingly, U.K.

Export Finance (“UKEF”) provided an £800 million guarantee of the credit facility under its Export Development Guarantee scheme, which supports high value commercial lending to U.K.

We have also guaranteed Ford of Britain’s obligations under the credit facility to the lenders.

On July 28, 2025, Ford of Britain drew the full £1 billion available under the facility.

This seven-year, partially amortizing loan matures on July 23, 2032.

As shown in Note 12 of the Notes to the Financial Statements, at September 30, 2025, Company debt excluding Ford Credit was $21.8 billion (including $0.9 billion of finance leases).

This balance is $1.1 billion higher than at December 31, 2024.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

As shown in Note 12 of the Notes to the Financial Statements, at March 31, 2026, Company debt excluding Ford Credit was $19.6 billion (including $0.9 billion of finance leases).

This balance is $2.3 billion lower than at December 31, 2025, reflecting the repayment of the principal amount of our 0.00% Convertible Senior Notes due March 15, 2026.

We manage Company debt (excluding Ford Credit) levels with a leverage framework that targets investment grade credit ratings through a normal business cycle.

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Ford Credit is self-funding and its debt, which is used to fund its operations, is separate from our Company debt excluding Ford Credit.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

Ford Credit Segment

Ford Credit remains well capitalized with a strong balance sheet and funding diversified across platforms and markets.

Ford Credit ended the third quarter of 2025 with $28.1 billion of liquidity, up $2.9 billion from year-end.

Ford Credit completed $23 billion of public term issuances through October 22, 2025.

Ford Credit ended the first quarter of 2026 with $29.8 billion of liquidity, up $5.2 billion from year-end.

Ford Credit continues to have robust access to capital markets, completing $11 billion of public term issuances through April 28, 2026.

Key elements of Ford Credit’s funding strategy include:

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The following table shows funding for Ford Credit’s net receivables (in billions):

September 30,

2025 December 31,

2024 September 30,

2025 March 31,

Funding Structure

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Securitized Funding as Percent of Total Debt 39.3 % 42.0 % 40.2 %

Net receivables of $145.7 billion at September 30, 2025 were funded primarily with term unsecured debt and term asset-backed securities.

Securitized funding as a percent of total debt was 40.4% as of September 30, 2025.

Net receivables of $144.1 billion at March 31, 2026 were funded primarily with term unsecured debt and term asset-backed securities.

Securitized funding as a percent of total debt was 40.2% as of March 31, 2026.

Public Term Funding Plan.

The following table shows Ford Credit’s issuances for full year 2023 and 2024, planned issuances for full year 2025, and its global public term funding issuances through October 22, 2025, excluding short-term funding programs (in billions):

The following table shows Ford Credit’s issuances for full year 2024 and 2025, planned issuances for full year 2026, and its global public term funding issuances through April 28, 2026, excluding short-term funding programs (in billions):

Forecast Through

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(a) See Definitions and Information Regarding Ford Credit Causal Factors section.

For 2025, Ford Credit now projects full year public term funding in the range of $23 billion to $27 billion.

For 2026, Ford Credit continues to project full year public term funding in the range of $24 billion to $30 billion.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

The following table shows Ford Credit’s liquidity sources and utilization (in billions):

September 30,

2025 December 31,

2024 September 30,

2025 March 31,

Liquidity Sources (a)

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Ford Credit’s net liquidity available for use will fluctuate quarterly based on factors including near-term debt maturities, receivable growth and decline, and timing of funding transactions.

At September 30, 2025, Ford Credit’s net liquidity available for use was $28.1 billion, $2.9 billion higher than year-end 2024, reflecting strong access to public funding markets.

At September 30, 2025, Ford Credit’s liquidity sources, including cash, committed asset-backed facilities, and committed unsecured credit facilities, totaled $53.7 billion, down $0.2 billion from year-end 2024.

At March 31, 2026, Ford Credit’s net liquidity available for use was $29.8 billion, $5.2 billion higher than year-end 2025, reflecting strong access to public funding markets.

At March 31, 2026, Ford Credit’s liquidity sources, including cash, committed asset-backed facilities, and committed unsecured credit facilities, totaled $52.7 billion, down $1.7 billion from year-end 2025, primarily explained by lower cash.

Material Cash Requirements.

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(1) the purchase of retail financing and operating lease contracts from dealers and providing wholesale financing for dealers to finance new and used vehicles;

and (2) debt repayments (for additional information on debt, see the “Aggregate Contractual Obligations” table in the “Liquidity and Capital Resources - Company Excluding Ford Credit” section in Item 7 and Note 18 of the Notes to the Financial Statements in our 2024 Form 10-K Report).

and (2) debt repayments (for additional information on debt, see the “Balance Sheet Liquidity Profile” section in the “Liquidity and Capital Resources - Ford Credit Segment” section in Item 7 of Part II and Note 18 of the Notes to the Financial Statements in our 2025 Form 10-K Report).

In addition, subject to approval by Ford Credit’s Board of Directors, shareholder distributions may require the expenditure of a material amount of cash.

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The table below shows the calculation of Ford Credit’s financial statement leverage (in billions):

September 30,

2025 December 31,

2024 September 30,

2025 March 31,

Leverage Calculation

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Ford Credit plans its leverage by considering market conditions and the risk characteristics of its business.

At September 30, 2025, Ford Credit’s financial statement leverage was 9.5:1.

At March 31, 2026, Ford Credit’s financial statement leverage was 9.5:1.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

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Pension Plans - Funded Balances.

As of September 30, 2025, our total Company pension overfunded status reported on our consolidated balance sheets was $382 million and reflects the net funded status at December 31, 2024, updated for:

As of March 31, 2026, our total Company pension overfunded status reported on our consolidated balance sheets was $300 million and reflects the net funded status at December 31, 2025, updated for:

service and interest cost;

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Four Quarters Ending

September 30,

2024 September 30,

2025 March 31,

Adjusted Net Operating Profit/(Loss) After Cash Tax

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Each rating agency may have different criteria for evaluating company risk and, therefore, ratings should be evaluated independently for each rating agency.

There have been no rating actions taken by these NSROs since the filing of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2025.

There have been no rating actions taken by these NRSROs since the filing of our 2025 Form 10-K Report.

The following table summarizes certain of the credit ratings and outlook presently assigned by these four NRSROs:

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)

We provided 2025 Company guidance in our earnings release furnished on Form 8-K dated October 23, 2025.

The guidance is based on our expectations and best estimates as of October 23, 2025, and assumes no material change to our current assumptions for inflation, logistics issues, production, or macroeconomic conditions.

We provided 2026 Company guidance in our earnings release furnished on Form 8-K dated April 29, 2026.

The guidance is based on our expectations and best estimates as of April 29, 2026, and assumes no material change to our current assumptions for inflation, logistics issues, production, or macroeconomic conditions.

Our guidance does not include potential impacts of a sustained conflict in the Middle East or a significant downturn in the U.S.

economy, which could have a material impact on industry demand.

Moreover, our guidance has not factored in any new policy changes by the administration in the United States, including future or revised tariffs or related offsets, that have not been announced or tariffs or other policy changes that may be announced by other governments after the date hereof.

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Adjusted Free Cash Flow (a) $5.0 - $6.0 billion

Capital spending About $9.0 billion

(a) When we provide guidance for Adjusted EBIT and Adjusted Free Cash Flow, we do not provide guidance for the most comparable GAAP measures because, as described in more detail below in “Non-GAAP Measures That Supplement GAAP Measures,” they include items that are difficult to predict with reasonable certainty.

For full-year 2025, we now expect adjusted EBIT of $6.0 billion to $6.5 billion and adjusted free cash flow of $2.0 billion to $3.0 billion.

Our updated 2025 outlook includes the following assumptions:

• For Novelis, an adjusted EBIT headwind of $1.5 billion to $2.0 billion and an adjusted free cash flow headwind of $2.0 billion to $3.0 billion in the fourth quarter.

We currently have line of sight to mitigate at least $1.0 billion of adjusted EBIT in 2026, and we are working to improve the situation further.

Between 2025 and 2026, we expect Novelis to be a headwind of $1.0 billion or less.

Production disruption results in an oversized short-term impact on our working capital, which we expect will reverse in 2026.

• Given recent policy announcements by the administration in the United States, we now expect tariffs will be an about $1.0 billion net headwind for 2025, down from about $2.0 billion.

Our outlook for 2025 also assumes:

industry sales of about 16.8 million units

• Full year U.S.

industry pricing up about 0.5%

• Net cost improvement of about $1.0 billion, excluding the impact of tariffs

For full-year 2026, we now expect adjusted EBIT of $8.5 billion to $10.5 billion and continue to expect adjusted free cash flow of $5.0 billion to $6.0 billion.

On a segment basis we expect:

• Ford Pro EBIT of $6.5 billion to $7.5 billion

• Ford Blue EBIT of $4.5 billion to $5.0 billion

• Ford Model e EBIT loss of $4.0 billion to $4.5 billion

• Ford Credit EBT of about $2.5 billion

Our outlook for 2026 assumes:

• The $1.3 billion adjusted EBIT benefit of IEEPA (with no adjusted free cash flow benefit until 2027)

SAAR of 16.0 million to 16.5 million

industry pricing

• A net $1.0 billion improvement from the Novelis recovery, which includes $1.5 billion to $2.0 billion of temporary costs, including tariffs

• Commodity headwinds of just above $2.0 billion, about $1.0 billion higher than our previous estimate, largely due to higher aluminum pricing driven by global supply constraints.

This excludes Novelis-related aluminum costs.

• Tariff impacts of about $1.0 billion, excluding the one-time IEEPA benefit of about $1.3 billion and temporary tariffs related to Novelis

• Excluding the impact of Novelis, positive market factors, including favorable mix associated with the sunset of low-margin nameplates and benefits from changes in the U.S.

regulatory environment

• A $1.0 billion improvement in material costs and warranty reductions

• An incremental investment of about $1.0 billion in Model e to support the ramp of our Universal EV platform and Ford Energy

Compared sentence by sentence after normalising whitespace, quotation marks, case and digits, so re-formatting and restated figures do not read as changed language. Wording changes appear as one removal and one addition. The current filing and the prior one are authoritative.

What changed 10-Q

Item 1. Financial Statements