What changed in this filing

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Item 1. Financial Statements

2020-12-09 compared with 2020-06-03 · 396 added, 1472 removed, 567 unchanged (77% of the section changed)

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

April 30, 2020

July 31, 2019

Assets October 31, 2020 July 31, 2020

Current assets:

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Operating lease right-of-use assets, net 28,340,000 30,033,000

Goodwill 331,487,000 330,519,000

Intangibles with finite lives, net 252,453,000 258,019,000

1 unchanged sentence

Other assets, net 3,434,000 4,551,000

Total assets $ 918,511,000 929,647,000

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

3 unchanged sentences

Operating lease liabilities, current 8,055,000 8,247,000

Finance lease and other obligations, current

Dividends payable — 2,468,000

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Total current liabilities 169,552,000 159,712,000

Non-current portion of long-term debt

Non-current portion of long-term debt, net 217,000,000 149,500,000

Operating lease liabilities, non-current 22,561,000 24,109,000

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authorized 100,000,000 shares;

issued 39,765,257 shares and 39,276,161 shares at April 30, 2020 and July 31, 2019, respectively

issued 40,043,753 shares and 39,924,439 shares at October 31, 2020 and July 31, 2020, respectively

4,004,000 3,992,000

Additional paid-in capital 569,422,000 569,891,000

Retained earnings 328,575,000 417,265,000

Treasury stock, at cost (15,033,317 shares at April 30, 2020 and July 31, 2019)

902,001,000 991,148,000

Treasury stock, at cost ( 15,033,317 shares at October 31, 2020 and July 31, 2020)

( 441,849,000 ) ( 441,849,000 )

Total stockholders’ equity 460,152,000 549,299,000

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

Three months ended April 30,

Nine months ended April 30,

Three months ended October 31,

Net sales $ 135,218,000 170,267,000

Cost of sales 85,010,000 106,700,000

Gross profit 50,208,000 63,567,000

Selling, general and administrative 27,540,000 31,851,000

1 unchanged sentence

Amortization of intangibles 5,566,000 5,206,000

Settlement of intellectual property litigation

Acquisition plan expenses 91,183,000 2,389,000

135,924,000 54,307,000

Operating (loss) income ( 85,716,000 ) 9,260,000

Other expenses:

Other expenses (income):

Interest expense 2,297,000 1,804,000

Write-off of deferred financing costs

Interest (income) and other 66,000 ( 77,000 )

2 unchanged sentences

Net (loss) income $ ( 85,840,000 ) 6,388,000

Net (loss) income per share (See Note 6):

Net (loss) income per share:

Basic $ ( 3.39 ) 0.26

Diluted $ ( 3.39 ) 0.26

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding – basic 25,305,000 24,555,000

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

Three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019

Retained Earnings

Treasury Stock

Stockholders'

Balance as of January 31, 2019

Equity-classified stock award compensation

Proceeds from issuance of employee stock purchase plan shares

Net settlement of stock-based awards

Common stock issued for acquisition of Solacom Technologies Inc.

Cash dividends declared, net ($0.10 per share)

Accrual of dividend equivalents, net of reversal ($0.10 per share)

Balance as of April 30, 2019

Balance as of January 31, 2020

Equity-classified stock award compensation

Proceeds from issuance of employee stock purchase plan shares

Forfeiture of restricted stock

Net settlement of stock-based awards

Cash dividends declared ($0.10 per share)

Accrual of dividend equivalents, net

($0.10 per share)

Balance as of April 30, 2020

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

Nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019

Retained Earnings

Treasury Stock

Stockholders'

THREE MONTHS ENDED OCTOBER 31, 2020 AND 2019

Common Stock Additional

Paid-in Capital Retained Earnings Treasury Stock Stockholders'

Shares Amount Shares Amount

Balance as of July 31, 2019 39,276,161 $ 3,928,000 $ 552,670,000 $ 420,333,000 15,033,317 $ ( 441,849,000 ) $ 535,082,000

Equity-classified stock award compensation

— — 879,000 — — — 879,000

Proceeds from exercises of stock options

10,600 1,000 305,000 — — — 306,000

Proceeds from issuance of employee stock purchase plan shares

10,135 1,000 245,000 — — — 246,000

Issuance of restricted stock

21,510 2,000 ( 2,000 ) — — — —

Net settlement of stock-based awards

Common stock issued for acquisition of Solacom

83,820 8,000 ( 2,781,000 ) — — — ( 2,773,000 )

Cash dividends declared, net ($ 0.10 per share)

— — — ( 2,428,000 ) — — ( 2,428,000 )

Accrual of dividend equivalents, net of reversal ($ 0.10 per share)

Balance as of April 30, 2019

— — — ( 56,000 ) — — ( 56,000 )

— — — 6,388,000 — — 6,388,000

Balance as of October 31, 2019 39,402,226 $ 3,940,000 $ 551,316,000 $ 424,237,000 15,033,317 $ ( 441,849,000 ) $ 537,644,000

Balance as of July 31, 2020 39,924,439 3,992,000 569,891,000 417,265,000 15,033,317 ( 441,849,000 ) 549,299,000

Equity-classified stock award compensation

Proceeds from exercises of stock options

— — 699,000 — — — 699,000

Proceeds from issuance of employee stock purchase plan shares

Issuance of restricted stock, net

15,265 1,000 181,000 — — — 182,000

Issuance of restricted stock

35,975 4,000 ( 4,000 ) — — — —

Net settlement of stock-based awards

Common stock issued for acquisition of CGC Technology Limited ("CGC")

Cash dividends declared ($0.30 per share)

Accrual of dividend equivalents, net ($0.30 per share)

Balance as of April 30, 2020

68,074 7,000 ( 1,345,000 ) — — — ( 1,338,000 )

Cash dividends declared, net ($ 0.10 per share)

— — — ( 2,493,000 ) — — ( 2,493,000 )

Accrual of dividend equivalents, net of reversal ($ 0.10 per share)

— — — ( 142,000 ) — — ( 142,000 )

Adoption of current expected credit loss standard (see Note (3)) — — — ( 215,000 ) — — ( 215,000 )

Net loss — — — ( 85,840,000 ) — — ( 85,840,000 )

Balance as of October 31, 2020 40,043,753 $ 4,004,000 $ 569,422,000 $ 328,575,000 15,033,317 $ ( 441,849,000 ) $ 460,152,000

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

Nine months ended April 30,

Three months ended October 31,

Cash flows from operating activities:

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

Net (loss) income $ ( 85,840,000 ) 6,388,000

Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:

Depreciation and amortization of property, plant and equipment 2,552,000 2,651,000

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Estimated contract settlement costs — 230,000

Write-off of deferred financing costs

Settlement of intellectual property litigation

Change in other liabilities

Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment

(Benefit from) provision for allowance for doubtful accounts

Changes in other liabilities ( 1,033,000 ) ( 1,033,000 )

Provision for (benefit from) allowance for doubtful accounts 110,000 ( 343,000 )

Provision for excess and obsolete inventory 1,003,000 373,000

Deferred income tax expense 816,000 2,286,000

Other ( 225,000 ) ( 3,000 )

Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects of business acquisitions:

Accounts receivable ( 5,784,000 ) ( 15,947,000 )

Inventories ( 101,000 ) 2,656,000

Prepaid expenses and other current assets ( 5,247,000 ) 930,000

Other assets 45,000 ( 44,000 )

Accounts payable 1,133,000 4,299,000

4 unchanged sentences

Income taxes payable ( 3,077,000 ) ( 1,221,000 )

Net cash provided by operating activities

Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities (See Note (2)) ( 74,229,000 ) 5,445,000

Cash flows from investing activities:

Payment for acquisition of CGC, net of cash acquired

Payment for acquisition of Solacom, net of cash acquired

Payment for acquisition of the GD NG-911 business

Payment for acquisition of NG-911 Inc.

Purchases of property, plant and equipment ( 890,000 ) ( 1,250,000 )

1 unchanged sentence

Cash flows from financing activities:

Net (payments) borrowings of long-term debt under Credit Facility

Net payments under Revolving Loan portion of Prior Credit Facility

Repayment of debt under Term Loan portion of Prior Credit Facility

Remittance of employees' statutory tax withholdings for stock awards

Net borrowings of long-term debt under Credit Facility 67,500,000 4,000,000

Remittance of employees' statutory tax withholding for stock awards ( 2,737,000 ) ( 4,560,000 )

Cash dividends paid ( 5,236,000 ) ( 2,692,000 )

Payment of deferred financing costs

Repayment of principal amounts under finance lease and other obligations

Repayment of principal amounts under finance lease liabilities — ( 198,000 )

Proceeds from issuance of employee stock purchase plan shares 182,000 246,000

Payment of shelf registration costs

Proceeds from exercises of stock options — 306,000

Net cash used in financing activities

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 59,709,000 ( 2,898,000 )

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents ( 15,410,000 ) 1,297,000

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 47,878,000 45,576,000

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 32,468,000 46,873,000

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements (Continued)

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued)

Nine months ended April 30,

Three months ended October 31,

Supplemental cash flow disclosures:

Cash paid during the period for:

Interest $ 786,000 1,701,000

Income taxes, net $ 22,000 79,000

1 unchanged sentence

Reclass of finance lease right-of-use assets to property, plant and equipment $ — 295,000

Cash dividends declared but unpaid (including dividend equivalents)

Cash dividends declared but unpaid (including accrual of dividend equivalents) $ 142,000 2,484,000

Accrued additions to property, plant and equipment $ 1,489,000 692,000

Common stock issued for acquisitions

Accruals related to acquisitions

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements of Comtech Telecommunications Corp.

and its subsidiaries ("Comtech," "we," "us," or "our") as of and for the three and nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 are unaudited.

and its subsidiaries ("Comtech," "we," "us," or "our") as of and for the three months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019 are unaudited.

In the opinion of management, the information furnished reflects all material adjustments (which include normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the unaudited interim periods.

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Commercial Solutions and Government Solutions.

Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 ("COVID-19") on Our Business

Our third quarter of fiscal 2020, running from February 1 through April 30, 2020, corresponded precisely with the period in which worldwide restrictions on business activities were in force due to COVID-19, which was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020 and a national emergency by the U.S.

As a result, we experienced significant order delays and lower net sales.

In response, we implemented a variety of cost saving measures, including reducing global headcount by approximately 10% , reducing salaries, suspending merit increases and eliminating certain discretionary expenses.

Severance costs relating to these actions were not material and cost reduction efforts continue.

Although we are deemed an essential business by the U.S.

government, for the safety of our employees, customers, partners and suppliers, we have implemented remote working arrangements, curtailed most business travel, and established social distancing safeguards at our facilities.

We expect that such precautions will remain in effect for as long as government advisories recommend.

Although the COVID-19 pandemic is by no means over and a second wave of COVID-19 could again alter the business landscape, we believe that the pandemic’s worst impact on our business is largely behind us.

Our long-term fundamentals remain strong, as we believe we are well-positioned for growth as business conditions meaningfully improve.

Certain reclassifications have been made to previously reported condensed consolidated financial statements to conform to the current fiscal period presentation.

Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic ("COVID-19") on Our Business

Since March 2020, we have conducted most of our non-production related operations using remote working arrangements, curtailed most business travel, and have established social distancing safeguards.

These precautions and business practices are expected to remain in effect so long as government advisories recommend.

Additionally, we have experienced order delays, production delays, minor supply chain disruptions, lower levels of factory utilization and higher logistics and operational costs.

Although the COVID-19 pandemic is by no means over and additional waves of COVID-19 could again alter the business landscape, we believe that the pandemic’s worst impact on our business is largely behind us.

As the vaccine for COVID-19 becomes widely available, we believe that business conditions will improve.

Our long-term fundamentals remain strong as we continue to believe we are well-positioned for growth as business conditions meaningfully improve.

(2) Acquisitions

Solacom Technologies Inc.

On February 28, 2019 , we completed our acquisition of Solacom Technologies Inc.

("Solacom"), pursuant to the Arrangement Agreement, dated as of January 7, 2019 , by and among Solacom, Comtech and Solar Acquisition Corp., a Canadian corporation and a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of Comtech.

Solacom is a leading provider of Next Generation 911 ("NG-911") solutions for public safety agencies.

The acquisition of Solacom was a significant step in our strategy of enhancing our public safety and location technologies.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

The acquisition had an aggregate purchase price for accounting purposes of $32,934,000 , of which $27,328,000 was settled in cash and $5,606,000 was settled with the issuance of 208,669 shares of Comtech’s common stock.

The fair value of consideration transferred in connection with this acquisition was $31,489,000 , which was net of $1,445,000 of cash acquired.

The cash portion of the purchase price was funded principally through borrowings under our Credit Facility.

We accounted for the acquisition of Solacom under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with FASB ASC 805, "Business Combinations" ("ASC 805").

The purchase price was allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, based on their fair value as of February 28, 2019 , pursuant to the business combination accounting rules and was finalized as of January 31, 2020.

Acquisition plan expenses were not included as a component of consideration transferred and were expensed in the period incurred.

Pro forma financial information was not disclosed, as the acquisition was not material.

GD NG-911 Business

On April 29, 2019 , we completed the acquisition of a state and local government NG-911 business pursuant to the Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of April 29, 2019 , by and among General Dynamics Information Technology, Inc., Comtech and Comtech NextGen LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Comtech.

The acquisition of this NG-911 business (the "GD NG-911 business") had a final cash purchase price of $11,013,000 .

In connection with this acquisition, we also announced an award of a five -year contract to develop, implement and operate a NG-911 emergency communications system for a Northeastern state.

Immediately after our announcement of this acquisition, we hired approximately sixty GD NG-911 employees and completed the integration of this business into our Commercial Solutions segment’s public safety and location technologies product line.

The acquisition, contract award and hiring of talented employees are expected to strengthen Comtech’s position in the growing NG-911 solutions market.

We accounted for the acquisition of this business under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with FASB ASC 805.

The purchase price was allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, based on their fair value as of April 29, 2019 , pursuant to the business combination accounting rules and was finalized as of April 29, 2020.

Acquisition plan expenses were not included as a component of consideration transferred and were expensed in the period incurred.

Pro forma financial information is not disclosed, as the acquisition is not material.

CGC Technology Limited

On January 27, 2020, we completed the acquisition of CGC Technology Limited ("CGC"), a privately held company located in the United Kingdom, pursuant to the Share Purchase Agreement, dated as of January 27, 2020.

CGC is a leading provider of high precision full motion fixed and mobile X/Y satellite tracking antennas, reflectors, radomes and other ground station equipment around the world.

CGC is a leading global provider of high precision full motion fixed and mobile X/Y satellite tracking antennas, reflectors, radomes and other ground station equipment.

The acquisition of CGC brought established relationships with several top-tier European aerospace companies and other government entities, and we expect CGC to participate in the anticipated growth in the number of low Earth orbit ("LEO") and medium Earth orbit ("MEO") satellite constellations.

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The fair value of consideration transferred in connection with this acquisition was $ 22,740,000 , which was net of $ 160,000 of cash acquired and $ 750,000 payable by us upon the first anniversary of the closing of the transaction, subject to certain conditions.

The preliminary purchase price for accounting purposes is subject to finalization.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

We are accounting for the acquisition of CGC under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with FASB ASC 805.

1 unchanged sentence

Acquisition plan expenses were not included as a component of consideration transferred and were expensed in the period incurred.

Our condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended April 30, 2020 include a nominal amount of revenue contribution from CGC.

Pro forma financial information is not disclosed, as the acquisition is not material.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Pro forma financial information is not disclosed, as the acquisition was not material.

The following table summarizes the preliminary fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with the CGC acquisition:

Purchase Price Allocation (1)

Measurement Period Adjustments

Purchase Price Allocation (as adjusted)

Measurement Period Adjustments Purchase Price Allocation

(as adjusted)

Payable in cash $ 12,075,000 — $ 12,075,000

Payable in common stock issued by Comtech

Payable in common stock 11,575,000 — 11,575,000

Preliminary purchase price at fair value $ 23,650,000 — $ 23,650,000

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Deferred tax assets, non-current 470,000 — 470,000

Non-current assets 89,000 — 89,000

Contract liabilities ( 6,890,000 ) — ( 6,890,000 )

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Estimated Useful Lives

Customer relationships

Technology $ 6,700,000 — $ 6,700,000 20 years

Customer relationships 8,100,000 — 8,100,000 17 years

Trade name 1,000,000 — 1,000,000 5 years

Deferred tax liabilities ( 2,967,000 ) ( 17,000 ) ( 2,984,000 )

Goodwill 15,894,000 ( 84,000 ) 15,810,000 Indefinite

Preliminary allocation of aggregate purchase price $ 23,650,000 — $ 23,650,000

(1) As reported in the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the six months ended January 31, 2020.

(1) As reported in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2020.

The acquired identifiable intangible assets are being amortized on a straight-line basis, which we believe approximates the pattern in which the assets are utilized over their estimated useful lives.

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This goodwill has been assigned to our Government Solutions segment based on specific identification and is generally not deductible for income tax purposes.

The allocation of the preliminary purchase price shown in the above table was based upon a preliminary valuation and estimates and assumptions that are subject to change within the purchase price allocation period, generally one year from the acquisition date.

The primary areas of the purchase price allocation not yet finalized include the purchase price (due to potential indemnification obligations of the seller under the Share Purchase Agreement), a final assessment of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, including intangible assets and their remaining useful lives, accrued warranty obligations, income taxes and residual goodwill.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As such, the preliminary purchase price for accounting purposes is subject to finalization.

The primary areas of the purchase price allocation not yet finalized include the purchase price (due to potential indemnification obligations of the seller under the Share Purchase Agreement), a final assessment of assets acquired and liabilities assumed (including inventory, contract liabilities and warranty obligations), income taxes and residual goodwill.

UHP Networks Inc.

In November 2019, we entered into an agreement to acquire UHP Networks, Inc.

and its sister company (together, "UHP"), a leading provider of innovative and disruptive satellite ground station solutions.

In June 2020, we agreed with UHP to amend the terms of the agreement.

Under the amended purchase agreement, the total aggregate purchase price has been reduced by approximately 24% from $50,000,000 to $38,000,000 (of which we anticipate $5,000,000 to be paid in cash with the remaining balance payable in Comtech common stock, cash, or a combination of both, as we may elect at the time of closing).

We believe that our acquisition of UHP will be a significant step in enhancing our solutions offerings for the satellite ground station market.

The transaction is subject to customary closing conditions, including necessary regulatory approval to allow us to purchase UHP's sister company which is headquartered in Moscow.

Gilat Satellite Networks Ltd.

On January 29, 2020, we entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the "Merger Agreement") with Gilat Satellite Networks Ltd.

("Gilat"), a worldwide leader in satellite networking technology, solutions and services with market leading positions in the satellite ground station and in-flight connectivity solutions markets and deep expertise in operating large network infrastructures.

Under the terms of the Merger Agreement, Comtech will acquire Gilat by way of a merger of Comtech's newly formed subsidiary with and into Gilat, with Gilat surviving the merger as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Comtech.

Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, each Gilat ordinary share will be converted into the right to receive consideration of (i) $7.18 in cash, without interest, plus (ii) 0.08425 of a share of Comtech common stock, with cash payable in lieu of fractional shares.

Based on such consideration, on January 29, 2020, the date we entered into the Merger Agreement, Gilat had an enterprise value of approximately $532,500,000 .

During the twelve months ended December 31, 2019, Gilat reported revenue of $263,492,000 with GAAP operating income of $25,572,000 .

As of December 31, 2019, Gilat had approximately $74,778,000 of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents and debt of approximately $8,096,000 .

We expect to fund the cash portion of the acquisition by redeploying a portion of both our and Gilat's unrestricted cash and cash equivalents, with the remaining funds provided by a new $800,000,000 secured credit facility, which is discussed further in Note (11) - "Credit Facility."

In connection with the acquisition of Gilat, we expect to incur transaction related expenses including certain compensatory and other merger related payments, professional fees and debt related costs.

We preliminarily estimate that these expenses will approximate $31,678,000 , some of which were expensed as of April 30, 2020 , others to be expensed upon closing, and others to be expensed over time following the closing or capitalized in accordance with purchase accounting rules.

Pursuant to accounting rules, the acquisition is expected to result in a material increase in annual amortization expense related to intangibles and possible other fair value adjustments.

Our acquisition of Gilat remains subject to certain conditions to closing, including regulatory approval in Russia.

In May 2020, we received notification from the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Russian Federation that it was extending the review period for our application pending a decision under the Foreign Investment Law to determine whether approval is required from the Chairman of the Russian Government Commission for Supervising Foreign Investments.

On February 21, 2020, we completed our acquisition of NG-911, Inc.

(“NG-911”), a privately-held company based in Iowa, Illinois and Missouri, pursuant to a stock purchase agreement dated December 27, 2019.

NG-911 is a pioneer in providing next generation 911 solutions, including those designed by Comtech Solacom Technologies, Inc., to public safety agencies in the Midwest.

Of the $1,188,000 total purchase price, $781,000 was paid in cash at closing, with the remaining $407,000 subject to an earn-out payable over a five -year period, subject to customary post-closing adjustments.

The acquisition allows us to cost-effectively expand sales of our industry leading Solacom Guardian call management solutions for public safety.

Pro forma financial information was not disclosed, as the acquisition was not material.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

and its sister company (together, "UHP"), a leading provider of innovative and disruptive satellite ground station technology solutions.

UHP is based in Canada and has developed revolutionary technology that is transforming the Very Small Aperture Terminal ("VSAT") market.

With end-markets for high-speed satellite-based networks significantly growing, our acquisition of UHP, if consummated, will allow us to enhance our solution offerings with low cost time division multiple access ("TDMA") satellite modems, which we do not currently offer.

In June 2020, we agreed with UHP to amend the terms of our purchase agreement, which resulted in the total aggregate purchase price being reduced by approximately 24 % from $ 50,000,000 to $ 38,000,000 (of which $ 5,000,000 will be paid in cash, with the remainder in shares of our common stock, cash, or a combination of both, as we may elect at the time of closing).

The transaction is subject to customary closing conditions, including regulatory approval to allow us to purchase UHP's sister company which is headquartered in Moscow.

In August 2020, at the request of the Federal Antimonopoly Service ("FAS") of the Russian Federation we submitted an application for regulatory approval to the FAS and the Commission for Supervising Foreign Investments in the Russian Federation (the "Russian Commission") pursuant to Russia’s Foreign Investment Law ("FIL").

In order to purchase UHP’s sister company, which is based in Moscow, approval by the Russian Commission and the FAS is required.

If we do not receive approval by December 31, 2020, either we or UHP may terminate the purchase agreement.

Acquisition Plan Expenses

During the three months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019, we incurred $ 91,183,000 and $ 2,389,000 , respectively, of acquisition plan expenses.

For the more recent fiscal quarter, $ 88,343,000 related to the previously announced litigation and merger termination with Gilat Satellite Networks, LTD.

("Gilat"), including $ 70,000,000 paid in cash to Gilat.

The remaining costs primarily related to the pending acquisition of UHP and GD NG-911 acquisition-related litigation.

Additionally, we recorded $ 1,178,000 of incremental interest expense for ticking fees related to a now terminated financing commitment letter.

Cash Flow Presentation of $ 70,000,000 Merger Termination Fee

Because we did not complete the Gilat acquisition, we presented the $ 70,000,000 payment to Gilat made during the three months ended October 31, 2020 as a reduction to cash flows from operating activities for the current period rather than as a cash outflow stemming from investing activities.

(3) Adoption of Accounting Standards and Updates

We are required to prepare our condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") which is the source for all authoritative U.S.

generally accepted accounting principles, which is commonly referred to as "GAAP." The FASB ASC is subject to updates by the FASB, which are known as Accounting Standards Updates ("ASUs").

During the nine months ended April 30, 2020 , we adopted:

2016-02 Leases (Topic 842).

See Note (12) - "Leases" for further information.

2017-11, which provides guidance on the accounting for certain financial instruments with embedded features that result in the strike price of the instrument or embedded conversion option being reduced on the basis of the pricing of future equity offerings (commonly referred to as "down round" features).

generally accepted accounting principles, which are commonly referred to as "GAAP." The FASB ASC is subject to updates by the FASB, which are known as Accounting Standards Updates ("ASUs").

During the three months ended October 31, 2020, we adopted:

• FASB ASU No.

2016-13 , which requires companies to utilize an impairment model (current expected credit loss ("CECL”)) for most financial assets measured at amortized cost and certain other financial instruments, which include, but are not limited to trade receivables and contract assets.

This accounting standard replaced the incurred loss model with a model that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to estimate those losses.

On August 1, 2020, we adopted this ASU on a modified-retrospective basis and recorded a $ 215,000 decrease to opening retained earnings.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

• FASB ASU No.

2018-13, which modifies the disclosure requirements for fair value measurements in Topic 820.

On August 1, 2020, we adopted this ASU.

Our adoption did not have any impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures, as we did not have any financial instruments with such "down round" features.

2017-12, which expands and refines hedge accounting for both non-financial and financial risk components and simplifies and aligns the recognition and presentation of the effects of the hedging instrument and the hedged item in the financial statements.

Our adoption of this ASU did not have any impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements or disclosures.

• FASB ASU No.

2018-15, which aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal use software license).

The accounting for the service element of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract is not affected by the amendments in this ASU.

On August 1, 2020, we adopted this ASU.

Our adoption did not have any impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures, as we are not a party to any such hedging transactions.

2018-07, which expands the scope of ASC 718 to include certain share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from nonemployees.

Our adoption of this ASU did not have any impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements or disclosures.

• FASB ASU No.

2018-17, which requires entities to consider indirect interests held through related parties under common control on a proportional basis, rather than as the equivalent of a direct interest in its entirety, when determining whether a decision-making fee is a variable interest.

On August 1, 2020, we adopted this ASU.

Our adoption did not have any impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures, as we did not have any outstanding share-based awards with nonemployees that required remeasurement.

2018-16, which expands the list of eligible U.S.

benchmark interest rates permitted in the application of hedge accounting due to broad concerns about the long-term sustainability of the LIBO Rate.

This ASU adds the Overnight Index Swap ("OIS") rate, based on the Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR"), as an eligible U.S.

benchmark interest rate.

Our adoption of this ASU did not have any impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements or disclosures.

• FASB ASU No.

2018-18, which clarifies when certain transactions between collaborative arrangement participants should be accounted for under ASC 606 and incorporates unit-of-account guidance consistent with ASC 606 to aid in this determination.

The ASU also precludes entities from presenting consideration from transactions with a collaborator that is not a customer together with revenue recognized from contracts with customers.

On August 1, 2020, we adopted this ASU.

Our adoption did not have any impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures, as we are not a party to any such hedging transactions.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Our adoption of this ASU did not have any impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements or disclosures.

• FASB ASU No.

2019-08, which requires that an entity measure and classify share-based payment awards granted to a customer by applying the guidance in Topic 718.

The amount recorded as a reduction of the transaction price is required to be measured based on the grant-date fair value of the share-based payment award.

On August 1, 2020, we adopted this ASU.

Our adoption of this ASU did not have any impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements or disclosures.

(4) Revenue Recognition

In accordance with FASB ASC 606 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASC 606"), we record revenue in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for goods or services promised to customers.

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As a result, these modifications form part of an existing contract and we must update the transaction price and our measure of progress for the single performance obligation and recognize a cumulative catch-up to revenue and gross profits.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For over time contracts using a cost-to-cost measure of progress, we have an estimate at completion ("EAC") process in which management reviews the progress and execution of our performance obligations.

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Modifications to such contracts and or purchase orders, which typically provide for additional quantities or services, are accounted for as a new contract because the pricing for these additional quantities or services are based on standalone selling prices.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Point in time accounting is principally applied to contracts in our satellite ground station technologies product line (which includes satellite modems, solid-state and traveling wave tube amplifiers) and certain contracts for our solid-state, high-power amplifiers in our high-performance transmission technologies product line.

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When identifying a contract with our customer, we consider when it has approval and commitment from both parties, if the rights of the parties are identified, if the payment terms are identified, if it has commercial substance and if collectability is probable.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

When identifying performance obligations, we consider whether there are multiple promises and how to account for them.

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If the standalone selling price is not observable through past transactions, we estimate the standalone selling price taking into account available information such as market conditions, including geographic or regional specific factors, competitive positioning, internal costs, profit objectives and internally approved pricing guidelines related to the performance obligations.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Almost all of our contracts with customers are denominated in U.S.

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Sales by geography and customer type, as a percentage of consolidated net sales, are as follows:

Three months ended April 30,

Nine months ended April 30,

Three months ended October 31,

United States

government 32.5 % 40.8 %

Domestic 41.9 % 36.1 %

Total United States 74.4 % 76.9 %

International 25.6 % 23.1 %

Total 100.0 % 100.0 %

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Sales to U.S.

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state and local governments.

Included in domestic sales are sales to Verizon Communications Inc.

("Verizon"), which accounted for 12.5 % of consolidated net sales for the three months ended October 31, 2020.

Except for the U.S.

government, there were no customers that represented more than 10.0% of consolidated net sales during the three and nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 .

International sales include sales to U.S.

domestic companies for inclusion in products that are sold to international customers.

government, there were no customers that represented more than 10.0% of consolidated net sales during the three months ended October 31, 2019.

Except for the U.S., no individual country (including sales to U.S.

domestic companies for inclusion in products that are sold to a foreign country) represented more than 10.0% of consolidated net sales for the three and nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 .

The following tables summarize our disaggregation of revenue consistent with information reviewed by our chief operating decision-maker ("CODM") for the three and nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 .

domestic companies for inclusion in products that are sold to a foreign country) represented more than 10.0% of consolidated net sales for the three months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019.

The following tables summarize our disaggregation of revenue consistent with information reviewed by our chief operating decision-maker ("CODM") for the three months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019.

We believe these categories best depict how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors which impact our business:

Three months ended April 30, 2020

Nine months ended April 30, 2020

Commercial Solutions

Government Solutions

Commercial Solutions

Government Solutions

Three months ended October 31, 2020

Commercial Solutions Government Solutions Total

Geographical region and customer type

government $ 9,458,000 34,432,000 $ 43,890,000

Domestic 49,300,000 7,414,000 56,714,000

Total United States 58,758,000 41,846,000 100,604,000

International 23,044,000 11,570,000 34,614,000

Total $ 81,802,000 53,416,000 $ 135,218,000

Contract type

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Cost reimbursable 814,000 20,760,000 21,574,000

Total $ 81,802,000 53,416,000 $ 135,218,000

Transfer of control

Point in time $ 29,671,000 23,031,000 $ 52,702,000

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Three months ended April 30, 2019

Nine months ended April 30, 2019

Commercial Solutions

Government Solutions

Commercial Solutions

Government Solutions

Over time 52,131,000 30,385,000 82,516,000

Total $ 81,802,000 53,416,000 $ 135,218,000

Three months ended October 31, 2019

Commercial Solutions Government Solutions Total

Geographical region and customer type

government $ 16,748,000 52,773,000 $ 69,521,000

Domestic 53,354,000 8,041,000 61,395,000

Total United States 70,102,000 60,814,000 130,916,000

International 24,212,000 15,139,000 39,351,000

Total $ 94,314,000 75,953,000 $ 170,267,000

Contract type

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Cost reimbursable 1,766,000 25,229,000 26,995,000

Total $ 94,314,000 75,953,000 $ 170,267,000

Transfer of control

Point in time $ 37,723,000 37,786,000 $ 75,509,000

Over time 56,591,000 38,167,000 94,758,000

Total $ 94,314,000 75,953,000 $ 170,267,000

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The timing of revenue recognition, billings and collections results in receivables, unbilled receivables and contract liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

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For certain contracts with provisions that are intended to protect customers in the event we do not satisfy our performance obligations, billings occur subsequent to revenue recognition, resulting in unbilled receivables.

Contract assets increased $824,000 due to business combinations discussed in Note (2) - “ Acquisitions .” Under ASC 606, unbilled receivables constitute contract assets.

There were no material impairment losses recognized on contract assets during the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , respectively.

Under ASC 606, unbilled receivables constitute contract assets.

There were no material impairment losses recognized on contract assets during the three months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

On large long-term contracts, and for contracts with international customers that do not do business with us regularly, payment terms typically require advanced payments and deposits.

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Under the typical payment terms for our contracts accounted for at a point in time, costs are accumulated in inventory until the time of billing, which generally coincides with revenue recognition.

Contract liabilities increased $6,208,000 due to business combinations discussed in Note (2) - “ Acquisitions .” Of the contract liability balance at July 31, 2019 and August 1, 2018, $31,000,000 and $30,061,000 was recognized as revenue during the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , respectively.

Of the contract liability balance at July 31, 2020 and July 31, 2019, $ 16,370,000 and $ 18,609,000 was recognized as revenue during the three months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

We recognize the incremental costs to obtain or fulfill a contract as an expense when incurred if the amortization period of the asset is one year or less.

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As commissions payable to our internal sales and marketing employees or contractors are contingent upon multiple factors, such commissions are not considered direct costs to obtain or fulfill a contract with a customer and are expensed as incurred in selling, general and administrative expenses on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

As for commissions payable to our third-party sales representatives related to large long-term contracts, we do consider these types of commissions both direct and incremental costs to obtain and fulfill such contracts.

As for commissions payable to our third-party sales representatives related to long-term contracts, we do consider these types of commissions both direct and incremental costs to obtain and fulfill such contracts.

Therefore, such commissions are included in total estimated costs at completion for such contracts and expensed over time through cost of sales on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Remaining performance obligations represent the transaction price of firm orders for which work has not been performed as of the end of a fiscal period.

Remaining performance obligations, which we refer to as backlog, exclude unexercised contract options and potential orders under indefinite delivery / indefinite quantity ("IDIQ") contracts.

As of April 30, 2020 , the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations was $640,702,000 (which represents the amount of our consolidated backlog).

We estimate that a substantial portion of our remaining performance obligations at April 30, 2020 will be completed and recognized as revenue during the next twenty-four month period, with the rest thereafter.

During the three and nine months ended April 30, 2020 , revenue recognized from performance obligations satisfied, or partially satisfied, in previous periods (for example due to changes in the transaction price) was not material.

As of October 31, 2020, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations was $ 605,464,000 (which represents the amount of our consolidated backlog).

We estimate that a substantial portion of our remaining performance obligations at October 31, 2020 will be completed and recognized as revenue during the next twenty-four month period, with the rest thereafter.

During the three months ended October 31, 2020, revenue recognized from performance obligations satisfied, or partially satisfied, in previous periods (for example due to changes in the transaction price) was not material.

(5) Fair Value Measurements and Financial Instruments

Using the fair value hierarchy described in FASB ASC 820 " Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures," we valued our cash and cash equivalents using Level 1 inputs that were based on quoted market prices.

We believe that the carrying amounts of our other current financial assets (such as accounts receivable) and other current liabilities (including accounts payable, accrued expenses and the current portion of our favorable AT&T warranty settlement) approximate their fair values due to their short-term maturities.

See Note (9) - "Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities" for further discussion of the favorable AT&T warranty settlement.

We believe that the carrying amounts of our other current financial assets (such as accounts receivable) and other current liabilities (including accounts payable and accrued expenses) approximate their fair values due to their short-term maturities.

The fair value of our Credit Facility that we entered into on October 31, 2018 approximates its carrying amount due to its variable interest rate and pricing grid that is dependent upon our leverage ratio as of the end of each fiscal quarter.

As of April 30, 2020 and July 31, 2019 , other than the financial instruments discussed above, we had no other significant assets or liabilities included in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets recorded at fair value, as such term is defined by FASB ASC 820.

As of October 31, 2020 and July 31, 2020, other than the financial instruments discussed above, we had no other significant assets or liabilities included in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets recorded at fair value, as such term is defined by FASB ASC 820.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(6) Earnings Per Share

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When calculating our diluted earnings per share, we consider the amount an employee must pay upon assumed exercise of stock-based awards and the amount of stock-based compensation cost attributed to future services and not yet recognized.

There were no repurchases of our common stock during the three or nine months ended April 30, 2020 or 2019 .

There were no repurchases of our common stock during the three months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019.

See Note (17) - " Stockholders’ Equity " for more information.

Weighted average stock options, RSUs and restricted stock outstanding of 1,440,000 and 1,674,000 for the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , respectively, and 642,000 and 1,103,000 for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , respectively, were not included in our diluted EPS calculation because their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

Our EPS calculations exclude 203,000 and 246,000 weighted average performance shares outstanding for the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , respectively, and 201,000 and 242,000 for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , respectively, as the performance conditions have not yet been satisfied.

However, net income (the numerator) for EPS calculations for each respective period, is reduced by the compensation expense related to these awards.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Weighted average stock options, RSUs and restricted stock outstanding of 1,839,000 and 382,000 shares for the three months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, were not included in our diluted EPS calculation because their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

Our EPS calculations exclude 232,000 and 197,000 weighted average performance shares outstanding for the three months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, as the performance conditions have not yet been satisfied.

However, net (loss) income (the numerator) for EPS calculations for each respective period, is reduced by the compensation expense related to these awards.

The following table reconciles the numerators and denominators used in the basic and diluted EPS calculations:

Three months ended April 30,

Nine months ended April 30,

Three months ended October 31,

Net (loss) income for basic calculation $ ( 85,840,000 ) 6,388,000

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Accounts receivable consist of the following at:

April 30, 2020

July 31, 2019

October 31, 2020 July 31, 2020

Receivables from commercial and international customers $ 64,461,000 67,109,000

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Accounts receivable, net $ 132,070,000 126,816,000

Unbilled receivables as of April 30, 2020 relate to contracts-in-progress for which revenue has been recognized, but for which we have not yet earned the right to bill the customer for work performed to date.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Unbilled receivables as of October 31, 2020 relate to contracts-in-progress for which revenue has been recognized, but for which we have not yet earned the right to bill the customer for work performed to-date.

Under ASC 606, unbilled receivables constitute contract assets.

Management estimates that substantially all amounts not yet billed at April 30, 2020 will be billed and collected within one year .

As of April 30, 2020 , the U.S.

government (and its agencies) and Verizon Communications Inc.

(through various divisions and, collectively, “Verizon”) represented 32.1% and 10.2% , respectively, of total accounts receivable.

Management estimates that substantially all amounts not yet billed at October 31, 2020 will be billed and collected within one year.

Allowance for doubtful accounts as of October 31, 2020 includes $ 215,000 recorded at August 1, 2020 as a result of our adoption of FASB ASU No.

2016-13 , which is discussed in more detail in Note (3) - " Adoption of Accounting Standards and Updates ."

As of October 31, 2020, the U.S.

government (and its agencies) and Verizon represented 30.4 % and 10.1 %, respectively, of total accounts receivable.

As of July 31, 2020, except for the U.S.

government (and its agencies), which represented 27.8% , there were no other customers which accounted for greater than 10.0% of total accounts receivable.

government (and its agencies), which represented 31.0 % of total accounts receivable, there were no other customers which accounted for greater than 10.0% of total accounts receivable.

(8) Inventories

Inventories consist of the following at:

April 30, 2020

July 31, 2019

October 31, 2020 July 31, 2020

Raw materials and components $ 60,718,000 59,175,000

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Inventories, net $ 81,400,000 82,302,000

As of April 30, 2020 and July 31, 2019 , the amount of inventory directly related to long-term contracts (including contracts-in-progress) was $6,410,000 and $4,053,000 , respectively, and the amount of inventory related to contracts from third-party commercial customers who outsource their manufacturing to us was $1,606,000 and $1,513,000 , respectively.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

As of October 31, 2020 and July 31, 2020, the amount of inventory directly related to long-term contracts (including contracts-in-progress) was $ 7,633,000 and $ 7,215,000 , respectively, and the amount of inventory related to contracts from third-party commercial customers who outsource their manufacturing to us was $ 1,383,000 and $ 1,387,000 , respectively.

(9) Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consist of the following at:

April 30, 2020

July 31, 2019

October 31, 2020 July 31, 2020

Accrued wages and benefits $ 19,613,000 20,857,000

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Accrued commissions and royalties 4,576,000 4,621,000

Accrued acquisition plan expenses 22,794,000 7,014,000

Other 11,432,000 19,624,000

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities $ 89,911,000 85,161,000

As discussed further in Note (12) - " Leases, " on August 1, 2019, we adopted Topic 842 and, as required by the new standard, reclassified $2,934,000 of accrued expenses and other current liabilities as follows:

(i) $2,366,000 of short-term deferred rent liabilities related to operating leases were offset against the respective operating lease right-of-use assets;

and (ii) the remaining $568,000 of estimated facility exit costs were reclassified to the current portion of operating lease liabilities.

Accrued contract costs represent direct and indirect costs on contracts as well as estimates of amounts owed for invoices not yet received from vendors or reflected in accounts payable.

Accrued warranty obligations as of April 30, 2020 relate to estimated liabilities for assurance-type warranty coverage that we provide to our customers.

Accrued warranty obligations as of October 31, 2020 relate to estimated liabilities for assurance type warranty coverage that we provide to our customers.

We generally provide warranty coverage for some of our products for a period of at least one year from the date of delivery.

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Some of our product warranties are provided under long-term contracts, the costs of which are incorporated into our estimates of total contract costs.

Changes in our accrued warranty obligations during the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:

Nine months ended April 30,

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Accrued acquisition plan expenses as of October 31, 2020 and July 31, 2020 primarily relate to legal and professional fees for litigation settlement and merger termination with Gilat as well as legal expenses associated with a previously completed acquisition.

See Note (2) - " Acquisitions " and Note (18) - " Legal Proceedings and Other Matters " for further discussion.

Changes in our accrued warranty obligations during the three months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:

Three months ended October 31,

Balance at beginning of period $ 15,200,000 15,968,000

Reclass to contract liabilities (see below)

Provision for warranty obligations 1,845,000 989,000

Additions (in connection with acquisitions)

Charges incurred ( 849,000 ) ( 1,191,000 )

Warranty settlement and reclass (see below)

Reclassification from non-current liabilities — 302,000

Balance at end of period $ 16,196,000 16,068,000

On August 1, 2018, in connection with our adoption of ASC 606, $1,679,000 of accrued warranty obligations presented in the above table were reclassified to contract liabilities, as they represented deferred revenue related to service-type warranty performance obligations.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Our current accrued warranty obligations at April 30, 2020 and July 31, 2019 include $2,604,000 and $3,999,000 , respectively, of warranty obligations for a small product line that we refer to as the TCS 911 call handling software solution.

Our current accrued warranty obligations at October 31, 2020 and July 31, 2020 include $ 1,856,000 and $ 2,158,000 , respectively, of warranty obligations for a small product line that we refer to as the TCS 911 call handling software solution.

This solution was licensed to customers prior to our acquisition of TeleCommunication Systems, Inc.

During the fiscal year ended July 31, 2018, we entered into a full and final warranty settlement with AT&T, the largest customer/distributor of this product line, pursuant to which we issued thirty-six credits to AT&T of $153,000 which AT&T can apply on a monthly basis to purchases of solutions from us, beginning October 2017 through September 2020.

As of April 30, 2020 , the total present value of these monthly credits is $748,000 , all of which is included in our current accrued warranty obligations on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

In connection with our acquisition of Solacom, the GD NG-911 business and CGC, we assumed warranty obligations related to certain contracts acquired.

See Note (2) - "Acquisitions" for further information pertaining to these acquisitions.

Prior Period Cost Reduction Actions

During the first quarter of fiscal 2019, we took steps to improve our future operating results and successfully consolidated our Government Solutions segment’s manufacturing facility located in Tampa, Florida with another facility that we maintain in Orlando, Florida.

In doing so, during the nine months ended April 30, 2019 , we recorded $1,373,000 of facility exit costs in selling, general and administrative expenses in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

As discussed further in Note (12) - " Leases, " on August 1, 2019, we adopted Topic 842 and, as required by the new standard, reclassified $568,000 of estimated facility exit costs to the current portion of operating lease liabilities.

During the second quarter of fiscal 2019, we began an evaluation and repositioning of our public safety and location technologies solutions in order to focus on providing higher margin solution offerings.

To-date, we have ceased offering certain solutions, have worked with customers to wind-down certain legacy contracts and have not renewed certain contracts.

In connection with this evaluation and repositioning, we recorded estimated contract settlement costs of $2,465,000 and $6,351,000 for the three and nine months ended April 30, 2019 , respectively.

(10) Credit Facility

On October 31, 2018 , we entered into a First Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the "Credit Facility") with a syndicate of lenders, replacing our prior Credit Agreement dated as of February 23, 2016 (as amended by that certain First Amendment, dated as of June 6, 2017 (the "Prior Credit Facility")).

In connection with the establishment of our Credit Facility, during the three months ended October 31, 2018, we wrote-off $3,217,000 of deferred financing costs primarily related to the Term Loan Facility portion of our Prior Credit Facility and capitalized deferred financing costs of $1,813,000 related to the Credit Facility.

On October 31, 2018, we entered into a First Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the "Credit Facility") with a syndicate of lenders.

The Credit Facility provides a senior secured loan facility of up to $ 550,000,000 consisting of:

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If we issue new unsecured debt in excess of $ 5,000,000 with a maturity date that is less than 91 days from October 31, 2023, the Revolving Maturity Date would automatically accelerate so that it would be 91 days earlier than the maturity date of the new unsecured debt.

The proceeds of the Credit Facility were used, in part, to repay in full the outstanding borrowings under the Prior Credit Facility, and additional proceeds of the Credit Facility are expected to be used by us for working capital and other general corporate purposes.

As of April 30, 2020 , the amount outstanding under our Credit Facility was $159,400,000 , which is reflected in the non-current portion of long-term debt on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

At April 30, 2020 , we had $2,672,000 of standby letters of credit outstanding under our Credit Facility related to guarantees of future performance on certain customer contracts and no outstanding commercial letters of credit.

During the nine months ended April 30, 2020 , we had outstanding balances under the Credit Facility ranging from $137,000,000 to $174,000,000 .

As of April 30, 2020 , total net deferred financing costs related to the Credit Facility were $2,575,000 and are being amortized over the term of our Credit Facility through October 31, 2023 .

As of October 31, 2020, the amount outstanding under our Credit Facility was $ 217,000,000 which is reflected in the non-current portion of long-term debt on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

At October 31, 2020, we had $ 3,046,000 of standby letters of credit outstanding under our Credit Facility related to guarantees of future performance on certain customer contracts and no outstanding commercial letters of credit.

During the three months ended October 31, 2020, we had outstanding balances under the Credit Facility ranging from $ 125,000,000 to $ 217,000,000 .

As of October 31, 2020, total net deferred financing costs related to the Credit Facility were $ 2,207,000 and are being amortized over the term of our Credit Facility through October 31, 2023.

Interest expense related to our Credit Facility, including amortization of deferred financing costs, recorded during the three months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019 was $ 1,111,000 and $ 1,753,000 , respectively.

Our blended interest rate approximated 2.70 % and 4.70 %, respectively, for the three months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Interest expense related to our Credit Facility, including amortization of deferred financing costs, recorded during the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 was $1,470,000 and $2,067,000 , respectively.

Interest expense related to our credit facilities, including amortization of deferred financing costs, recorded during the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 was $4,795,000 and $6,780,000 , respectively.

The amount for the nine months ended April 30, 2019 relates to both our Prior Credit Facility and our existing Credit Facility.

Our blended interest rate approximated 3.73% and 5.00% , respectively, for the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , and approximated 4.24% and 5.36% , respectively, for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 .

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Borrowings under the Credit Facility shall be either:

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and (iii) a Minimum Interest Expense Coverage Ratio of 3.25 x TTM Adjusted EBITDA.

As of April 30, 2020 , our Secured Leverage Ratio was 1.93 x TTM Adjusted EBITDA compared to the maximum allowable Secured Leverage Ratio of 3.75 x TTM Adjusted EBITDA.

Our Interest Expense Coverage Ratio as of April 30, 2020 was 13.37 x TTM Adjusted EBITDA compared to the Minimum Interest Expense Coverage Ratio of 3.25 x TTM Adjusted EBITDA.

As of October 31, 2020, our Secured Leverage Ratio was 3.31 x TTM Adjusted EBITDA compared to the maximum allowable Secured Leverage Ratio of 3.75 x TTM Adjusted EBITDA.

Our Interest Expense Coverage Ratio as of October 31, 2020 was 11.42 x TTM Adjusted EBITDA compared to the Minimum Interest Expense Coverage Ratio of 3.25 x TTM Adjusted EBITDA.

Given our expected future business performance, we anticipate maintaining compliance with the terms and financial covenants in our Credit Facility for the foreseeable future.

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On December 6, 2018, we entered into the first amendment to the Credit Facility.

The purpose of the amendment is to provide for a mechanism to replace the LIBO Rate for Eurodollar borrowings with an alternative benchmark interest rate, should the LIBO Rate generally become unavailable in the future on an other-than-temporary basis.

The purpose of the amendment was to provide for a mechanism to replace the LIBO Rate for Eurodollar borrowings with an alternative benchmark interest rate, should the LIBO Rate generally become unavailable in the future on an other-than-temporary basis.

Capitalized terms used but not defined herein have the meanings set forth for such terms in the Credit Facility and the Prior Credit Facility, which have been documented and filed with the SEC.

As discussed in " Note (2) - Acquisitions ," in connection with the Merger Agreement with Gilat, we entered into an $800,000,000 commitment letter with major banking partners for a new secured credit facility (the "Gilat Acquisition Related Credit Facility"), the terms of which are expected to be finalized on or prior to the closing of the merger.

The Gilat Acquisition Related Credit Facility is expected to replace our existing Credit Facility.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

On August 1, 2019, we adopted ASU No.

2016-02 - Leases (Topic 842), which requires the recognition of lease rights and obligations as assets and liabilities on the balance sheet.

Previously, operating leases were not recognized on the balance sheet.

As we elected the modified retrospective adoption method, prior-period information was not restated.

We also elected the transition package of practical expedients available in the standard, which permits us to not reassess under the new standard our prior conclusions about lease identification, classification and initial direct costs.

As part of our adoption, however, we did not elect to use the hindsight or land easements practical expedients.

On August 1, 2019, in connection with our adoption of Topic 842, we recognized $35,825,000 of operating lease right-of-use ("ROU") assets (net of a $3,023,000 deferred rent liability that existed as of August 1, 2019 under prior applicable GAAP) and $38,848,000 of related liabilities.

Except for the recording of the ROU assets and lease liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet, and the expanded disclosures about our leasing activities, our adoption did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Our adoption also did not result in any cumulative-effect adjustment to opening retained earnings.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Our leases historically relate to the leasing of facilities and equipment.

We determine at inception whether an arrangement is, or contains, a lease and whether the lease should be classified as an operating or a financing lease.

At lease commencement, we recognize an ROU asset and lease liability based on the present value of the future lease payments over the estimated lease term.

We have elected to not recognize an ROU asset or lease liability for any leases with terms of twelve months or less.

In accordance with FASB ASC 842 - " Leases " ("ASC 842"), we determine at inception whether an arrangement is, or contains, a lease and whether the lease should be classified as an operating or a financing lease.

At lease commencement, we recognize a right-of-use ("ROU") asset and lease liability based on the present value of the future lease payments over the estimated lease term.

We have elected to not recognize a ROU asset or lease liability for any leases with terms of twelve months or less.

Instead, for such short-term leases, we recognize lease expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

5 unchanged sentences

These variable lease payments are included in the calculation of the ROU asset and lease liability using the index as of the lease commencement date.

Other variable lease payments, such as common area maintenance, property taxes, and usage-based amounts, are required by Topic 842 to be excluded from the ROU asset and lease liability and expensed as incurred.

Other variable lease payments, such as common area maintenance, property taxes, and usage-based amounts, are required by ASC 842 to be excluded from the ROU asset and lease liability and expensed as incurred.

In addition to the present value of the future lease payments, the calculation of the ROU asset would also consider, to the extent applicable, any deferred rent upon adoption, lease pre-payments or initial direct costs of obtaining the lease (e.g., such as commissions).

2 unchanged sentences

For rent holidays and rent escalation clauses during the lease term, we record rental expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.

As of April 30, 2020 , none of our leases contained a residual value guarantee and covenants included in our lease agreements are customary for the types of facilities and equipment being leased.

As of October 31, 2020, none of our leases contained a residual value guarantee and covenants included in our lease agreements are customary for the types of facilities and equipment being leased.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The components of lease expense are as follows:

Three months ended April 30, 2020

Nine months ended April 30, 2020

Three months ended October 31,

Finance lease expense:

7 unchanged sentences

Additional information related to leases is as follows:

Nine months ended April 30, 2020

Three months ended October 31,

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:

4 unchanged sentences

Operating leases $ 478,000 598,000

The following table is a reconciliation of future cash flows relating to operating lease liabilities presented on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of April 30, 2020 :

Remaining portion of fiscal 2020

The following table is a reconciliation of future cash flows relating to operating and financing lease liabilities presented on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of October 31, 2020:

Operating Finance Total

Remainder of fiscal 2021 $ 6,915,000 23,000 $ 6,938,000

Fiscal 2022 8,056,000 16,000 8,072,000

Fiscal 2023 6,327,000 5,000 6,332,000

Fiscal 2024 4,982,000 — 4,982,000

Fiscal 2025 4,319,000 — 4,319,000

Thereafter 2,807,000 — 2,807,000

Total future undiscounted cash flows 33,406,000 44,000 33,450,000

4 unchanged sentences

We lease our Melville, New York production facility from a partnership controlled by our CEO and Chairman.

Lease payments made during the nine months ended April 30, 2020 were $486,000 .

Lease payments made during the three months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019 were $ 163,000 and $ 160,000 , respectively.

The current lease provides for our use of the premises as they exist through December 2021 with an option for an additional ten years .

1 unchanged sentence

We have a right of first refusal in the event of a sale of the facility.

As of April 30, 2020 , we do not have any rental commitments that have not commenced.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

As we have not restated prior year information given our method of adopting the new standard, the following represents our future minimum lease payments for operating leases and capital leases as of July 31, 2019 under ASC Topic 840 and as reported in our Form 10-K filed with the SEC on September 24, 2019:

Less amount representing interest

Present value of net minimum lease payments

*Not applicable for operating leases

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In September 2020, we signed a 15-year lease commencing in December 2020 for a facility in Chandler, Arizona to support our anticipated growth and long-term business goals for our satellite earth station product line.

We anticipate that all existing Tempe, Arizona locations will be fully relocated to this new facility in the second half of our fiscal 2021.

In November 2020, we also signed a 10-year facility lease in the United Kingdom to expand our Government Solution segment's manufacturing capabilities for high precision full motion fixed and mobile X/Y satellite tracking antennas, RF feeds, reflectors and radomes.

Amounts related to both leases are not reflected as either an operating lease right-of-use asset or the related operating lease liability in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of October 31, 2020, as the related commitment has not commenced.

There are no other rental commitments that have not commenced as of October 31, 2020.

(12) Income Taxes

At April 30, 2020 and July 31, 2019 , total unrecognized tax benefits were $8,309,000 and $7,215,000 , respectively, including interest of $73,000 and $12,000 , respectively.

At April 30, 2020 and July 31, 2019 , $2,316,000 and $325,000 , respectively, of our unrecognized tax benefits were recorded as non-current income taxes payable on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The remaining unrecognized tax benefits of $5,993,000 and $6,890,000 at April 30, 2020 and July 31, 2019 , respectively, were presented as an offset to the associated non-current deferred tax assets on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Of the total unrecognized tax benefits, $7,663,000 and $6,670,000 , at April 30, 2020 and July 31, 2019 , respectively, net of the reversal of the federal benefit recognized as a deferred tax asset relating to state reserves, would favorably impact our effective tax rate, if recognized.

At October 31, 2020 and July 31, 2020, total unrecognized tax benefits were $ 8,531,000 and $ 8,345,000 , respectively, including interest of $ 101,000 and $ 75,000 , respectively.

At October 31, 2020 and July 31, 2020, $ 2,147,000 and 1,963,000 , respectively, of our unrecognized tax benefits were recorded as non-current income taxes payable on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The remaining unrecognized tax benefits of $ 6,384,000 and $ 6,382,000 at October 31, 2020 and July 31, 2020, respectively, were presented as an offset to the associated non-current deferred tax assets on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Of the total unrecognized tax benefits, $ 7,849,000 and $ 7,700,000 at October 31, 2020 and July 31, 2020, respectively, net of the reversal of the federal benefit recognized as a deferred tax asset relating to state reserves, would favorably impact our effective tax rate, if recognized.

Unrecognized tax benefits result from income tax positions taken or expected to be taken on our income tax returns for which a tax benefit has not been recorded in our condensed consolidated financial statements.

2 unchanged sentences

None of our state income tax returns prior to fiscal 2016 are subject to audit.

None of TCS's state income tax returns prior to calendar year 2015 are subject to audit.

Future tax assessments or settlements could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

4 unchanged sentences

Our non-employee directors are eligible to receive non-discretionary grants of stock-based awards, subject to certain limitations.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

As of April 30, 2020 , the aggregate number of shares of common stock which may be issued, pursuant to the Plan, may not exceed 10,962,500 .

As of October 31, 2020, the aggregate number of shares of common stock which may be issued, pursuant to the Plan, may not excee d 10,962,500 .

Stock options granted may not have a term exceeding ten years or, in the case of an incentive stock award granted to a stockholder who owns stock representing more than 10.0 % of the voting power, no more than five years .

We expect to settle all outstanding awards under the Plan and employee purchases under the ESPP with the issuance of new shares of our common stock.

As of April 30, 2020 , we had granted stock-based awards pursuant to the Plan representing the right to purchase and/or acquire an aggregate of 8,568,523 shares (net of 4,191,578 expired and canceled awards), of which an aggregate of 6,525,623 have been exercised or settled.

As of April 30, 2020 , the following stock-based awards, by award type, were outstanding:

April 30, 2020

As of October 31, 2020, we had granted stock-based awards pursuant to the Plan representing the right to purchase and/or acquire an aggregate of 9,415,658 shares (net of 4,390,752 expired and canceled awards), of which an aggregate of 6,929,378 have been exercised or settled.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of October 31, 2020, the following stock-based awards, by award type, were outstanding:

October 31, 2020

Stock options 1,344,635

1 unchanged sentence

RSUs and restricted stock 599,975

Share units 287,522

Total 2,486,280

Our ESPP provides for the issuance of up to 1,050,000 shares of our common stock.

Our ESPP is intended to provide our eligible employees the opportunity to acquire our common stock at 85 % of fair market value at the date of issuance.

Through April 30, 2020 , we have cumulatively issued 823,219 shares of our common stock to participating employees in connection with our ESPP.

Through October 31, 2020, we have cumulatively issued 855,274 shares of our common stock to participating employees in connection with our ESPP.

Stock-based compensation for awards issued is reflected in the following line items in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations:

Three months ended April 30,

Nine months ended April 30,

Three months ended October 31,

Cost of sales $ 73,000 59,000

2 unchanged sentences

Stock-based compensation expense before income tax benefit

699,000 879,000

Estimated income tax benefit ( 144,000 ) ( 189,000 )

1 unchanged sentence

Stock-based compensation for equity-classified awards is measured at the date of grant, based on an estimate of the fair value of the award and is generally expensed over the vesting period of the award.

At April 30, 2020 , unrecognized stock-based compensation of $ 9,153,000 , net of estimated forfeitures of $ 1,065,000 , is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.0 years.

Total stock-based compensation capitalized and included in ending inventory at both April 30, 2020 and July 31, 2019 was $48,000 .

There are no liability-classified stock-based awards outstanding as of April 30, 2020 or July 31, 2019 .

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

At October 31, 2020, unrecognized stock-based compensation of $ 14,244,000 , net of estimated forfeitures of $ 989,000 , is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.5 years.

Total stock-based compensation capitalized and included in ending inventory at both October 31, 2020 and July 31, 2020 was $ 48,000 .

There are no liability-classified stock-based awards outstanding as of October 31, 2020 or July 31, 2020.

Stock-based compensation expense (benefit), by award type, is summarized as follows:

Three months ended April 30,

Nine months ended April 30,

Three months ended October 31,

Stock options $ 120,000 82,000

1 unchanged sentence

RSUs and restricted stock 922,000 698,000

ESPP 51,000 57,000

Share units ( 616,000 ) ( 310,000 )

Stock-based compensation expense before income tax benefit

699,000 879,000

Estimated income tax benefit ( 144,000 ) ( 189,000 )

1 unchanged sentence

ESPP stock-based compensation expense primarily relates to the 15 % discount offered to participants in the ESPP.

During the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , we recorded benefits of $310,000 and $130,000 , respectively, which primarily represents the recoupment of certain share units.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The estimated income tax benefit as shown in the above table was computed using income tax rates expected to apply when the awards are settled.

Such deferred tax asset was recorded net as part of our non-current deferred tax liability on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of April 30, 2020 and July 31, 2019 .

Such deferred tax asset was recorded net as part of our non-current deferred tax liability on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of October 31, 2020 and July 31, 2020.

The actual income tax benefit recognized for tax reporting is based on the fair market value of our common stock at the time of settlement and can significantly differ from the estimated income tax benefit recorded for financial reporting.

Stock Options

The following table summarizes the Plan's activity during the nine months ended April 30, 2020 :

Weighted Average

Exercise Price

Weighted Average

The following table summarizes the Plan's activity:

(in Shares) Weighted Average

Exercise Price Weighted Average

Remaining Contractual

Term (Years) Aggregate

Intrinsic Value

2 unchanged sentences

Outstanding at October 31, 2020 1,344,635 $ 25.95 4.44 $ —

Expired/canceled

Outstanding at January 31, 2020

Expired/canceled

Outstanding at April 30, 2020

Exercisable at April 30, 2020

Vested and expected to vest at April 30, 2020

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Stock options outstanding as of April 30, 2020 have exercise prices ranging from $ 20.90 - $ 33.94 , representing the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant, a contractual term of five or ten years and a vesting period of three or five years.

The total intrinsic value relating to stock options exercised during the three and nine months ended April 30, 2020 was $5,000 and $1,869,000 , respectively.

There were no stock options exercised during the three months ended April 30, 2019 .

The total intrinsic value relating to stock options exercised during the nine months ended April 30, 2019 was $561,000 .

During the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , at the election of certain holders of vested stock options, 269,090 and 72,830 , respectively, of stock options were net settled upon exercise.

As a result, 27,992 and 9,345 shares of our common stock were issued during the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , respectively, net of shares retained to satisfy the exercise price and minimum statutory tax withholding requirements.

Exercisable at October 31, 2020 1,011,335 $ 28.59 2.77 $ —

Vested and expected to vest at October 31, 2020 1,330,173 $ 26.04 4.39 $ —

Stock options outstanding as of October 31, 2020 have exercise prices ranging from $ 17.88 - $ 33.94 , representing the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant, a contractual term of five or ten years and a vesting period of three or five years .

Performance Shares, RSUs, Restricted Stock and Share Unit Awards

The following table summarizes the Plan's activity relating to performance shares, RSUs, restricted stock and share units:

Weighted Average

(in Shares) Weighted Average

Fair Value Aggregate

Intrinsic Value

Outstanding at July 31, 2020 999,574 $ 21.15

Granted 383,337 16.67

Settled ( 176,051 ) 20.47

Canceled/Forfeited ( 65,215 ) 16.16

Outstanding at October 31, 2020 1,141,645 $ 20.03 $ 16,439,684

Outstanding at January 31, 2020

Outstanding at April 30, 2020

Vested at April 30, 2020

Vested and expected to vest at April 30, 2020

The total intrinsic value relating to fully-vested awards settled during the three and nine months ended April 30, 2020 was $70,000 and $5,895,000 , respectively.

The total intrinsic value relating to fully-vested awards settled during the three and nine months ended April 30, 2019 was $28,000 and $4,252,000 , respectively.

Vested at October 31, 2020 396,254 $ 16.61 $ 5,706,054

Vested and expected to vest at October 31, 2020 1,098,098 $ 20.00 $ 15,812,607

The total intrinsic value relating to fully-vested awards settled during the three months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019 was $ 2,896,000 and $ 5,806,000 , respectively.

The performance shares granted to employees since fiscal 2014 principally vest over a three-year performance period, if pre-established performance goals are attained, or as specified pursuant to the Plan and related agreements.

As of April 30, 2020 , the number of outstanding performance shares included in the above table, and the related compensation expense prior to consideration of estimated pre-vesting forfeitures, assume achievement of the pre-established goals at a target level.

As of October 31, 2020, the number of outstanding performance shares included in the above table, and the related compensation expense prior to consideration of estimated pre-vesting forfeitures, assume achievement of the pre-established goals at a target level.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

RSUs and restricted stock granted to non-employee directors prior to July 31, 2019 have a vesting period of three years and are convertible into shares of our common stock generally at the time of termination, on a one -for-one basis for no cash consideration, or earlier under certain circumstances.

1 unchanged sentence

RSUs granted to employees have a vesting period of five years and are convertible into shares of our common stock generally at the time of vesting, on a one -for-one basis for no cash consideration.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Share units granted prior to July 31, 2017 were vested when issued and are convertible into shares of our common stock, generally at the time of termination, on a one -for-one basis for no cash consideration, or earlier under certain circumstances.

Share units granted on or after July 31, 2017 were granted to certain employees in lieu of non-equity incentive compensation and are convertible into shares of our common stock on the one-year anniversary of the respective grant date.

Cumulatively through April 30, 2020 , 431,142 share units granted have been settled.

Cumulatively, through October 31, 2020, 672,085 share units granted have been settled.

The fair value of performance shares, RSUs, restricted stock and share units is determined using the closing market price of our common stock on the date of grant, less the present value of any estimated future dividend equivalents such awards are not entitled to receive and an applicable estimated discount for any post-vesting transfer restrictions.

2 unchanged sentences

Dividend equivalents are subject to forfeiture, similar to the terms of the underlying stock-based awards, and are payable in cash generally at the time of settlement of the underlying award.

During the three and nine months ended April 30, 2020 , we accrued $56,000 and $169,000 , respectively, of dividend equivalents (net of forfeitures) and paid out $1,000 and $287,000 , respectively.

During the three months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019, we accrued $ 142,000 and $ 56,000 , respectively, of dividend equivalents (net of forfeitures) and paid out $ 275,000 and $ 285,000 , respectively.

Accrued dividend equivalents were recorded as a reduction to retained earnings.

As of April 30, 2020 and July 31, 2019 , accrued dividend equivalents were $659,000 and $777,000 , respectively.

With respect to the actual settlement of stock-based awards for income tax reporting, during the three and nine months ended April 30, 2020 , we recorded a $122,000 income tax expense and a $349,000 income tax benefit, respectively, and during the three and nine months ended April 30, 2019 , we recorded an income tax benefit of $52,000 and $505,000 , respectively.

Such income tax expense generally relates to the reversal of deferred tax assets associated with expired and unexercised stock-based awards and any net income tax shortfalls upon settlement.

Such income tax benefit generally relates to any net excess income tax benefits upon settlement.

In May 2020, we granted non-qualified stock options under the Plan for an aggregate 342,300 shares of our common stock.

The total estimated fair value of such options, net of estimated forfeitures, is $2,800,000 .

The options vest over a five -year period and expire ten years after the date of grant.

As of October 31, 2020 and July 31, 2020, accrued dividend equivalents were $ 650,000 and $ 783,000 , respectively.

With respect to the actual settlement of stock-based awards for income tax reporting, during the three months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019, we recorded an income tax expense of $ 199,000 and an income tax benefit of $ 612,000 , respectively.

(14) Segment Information

8 unchanged sentences

AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Our CODM primarily uses a metric that we refer to as Adjusted EBITDA to measure an operating segment’s performance and to make decisions about resources to be allocated.

Our Adjusted EBITDA metric for the Commercial Solutions and Government Solutions segments do not consider any allocation of indirect expense, or any of the following:

income taxes, interest (income) and other, write-off of deferred financing costs, interest expense, amortization of stock-based compensation, amortization of intangible assets, depreciation expenses, estimated contract settlement costs, settlement of intellectual property litigation, acquisition plan expenses, facility exit costs or strategic alternatives analysis expenses and other expenses that relate to our Unallocated segment.

income taxes, interest (income) and other, write-off of deferred financing costs, interest expense, amortization of stock-based compensation, amortization of intangible assets, depreciation expense, estimated contract settlement costs, settlement of intellectual property litigation, acquisition plan expenses, facility exit costs, strategic alternatives analysis expenses and other that relate to our Unallocated segment.

These items, while periodically affecting our results, may vary significantly from period to period and may have a disproportionate effect in a given period, thereby affecting the comparability of results.

2 unchanged sentences

Although closely aligned, the Company's definition of Adjusted EBITDA is different than the Consolidated EBITDA (as such term is defined in our Credit Facility) utilized for financial covenant calculations and also may differ from the definition of EBITDA or Adjusted EBITDA used by other companies and, therefore, may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies.

Operating segment information, along with a reconciliation of segment net income (loss) and consolidated net income to Adjusted EBITDA is presented in the tables below:

Three months ended April 30, 2020

Commercial Solutions

Government Solutions

Operating income (loss)

Net income (loss)

Provision for (benefit from) income taxes

Interest (income) and other

Interest expense

Amortization of stock-based compensation

Amortization of intangibles

Estimated contract settlement costs

Acquisition plan expenses

Adjusted EBITDA

Purchases of property, plant and equipment

Long-lived assets acquired in connection with the acquisitions

Total assets at April 30, 2020

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Three months ended April 30, 2019

Commercial Solutions

Government Solutions

Operating income (loss)

Net income (loss)

Provision for income taxes

Interest (income) and other

Interest expense

Amortization of stock-based compensation

Amortization of intangibles

Estimated contract settlement costs

Acquisition plan expenses

Adjusted EBITDA

Purchases of property, plant and equipment

Long-lived assets acquired in connection with the acquisitions

Total assets at April 30, 2019

Nine months ended April 30, 2020

Commercial Solutions

Government Solutions

Operating segment information, along with a reconciliation of segment net income and consolidated net (loss) income to Adjusted EBITDA is presented in the tables below:

Three months ended October 31, 2020

Commercial Solutions Government Solutions Unallocated Total

Net sales $ 81,802,000 53,416,000 — $ 135,218,000

Operating income (loss) $ 8,750,000 2,585,000 ( 97,051,000 ) $ ( 85,716,000 )

Net income (loss)

$ 8,315,000 2,691,000 ( 96,846,000 ) $ ( 85,840,000 )

Provision for (benefit from) income taxes

339,000 ( 126,000 ) ( 2,452,000 ) ( 2,239,000 )

Interest (income) and other

96,000 ( 40,000 ) 10,000 66,000

Interest expense — 60,000 2,237,000 2,297,000

Amortization of stock-based compensation

— — 699,000 699,000

Amortization of intangibles

Estimated contract settlement costs

4,287,000 1,279,000 — 5,566,000

1,996,000 403,000 153,000 2,552,000

Acquisition plan expenses

( 1,052,000 ) — 92,235,000 91,183,000

Adjusted EBITDA

$ 13,981,000 4,267,000 ( 3,964,000 ) $ 14,284,000

Purchases of property, plant and equipment

Long-lived assets acquired in connection with the acquisitions

Total assets at April 30, 2020

$ 389,000 421,000 80,000 $ 890,000

Total assets at October 31, 2020

$ 646,264,000 238,172,000 34,075,000 $ 918,511,000

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Nine months ended April 30, 2019

Commercial Solutions

Government Solutions

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Three months ended October 31, 2019

Commercial Solutions Government Solutions Unallocated Total

Net sales $ 94,314,000 75,953,000 — $ 170,267,000

Operating income (loss) $ 9,841,000 7,083,000 ( 7,664,000 ) $ 9,260,000

Net income (loss)

$ 9,867,000 7,095,000 ( 10,574,000 ) $ 6,388,000

Provision for income taxes

13,000 — 1,132,000 1,145,000

Interest (income) and other

Write-off of deferred financing costs

( 47,000 ) ( 13,000 ) ( 17,000 ) ( 77,000 )

Interest expense 8,000 1,000 1,795,000 1,804,000

Amortization of stock-based compensation

— — 879,000 879,000

Amortization of intangibles

4,362,000 844,000 — 5,206,000

2,196,000 313,000 142,000 2,651,000

Estimated contract settlement costs

Settlement of intellectual property litigation

230,000 — — 230,000

Acquisition plan expenses

Facility exit costs

— — 2,389,000 2,389,000

Adjusted EBITDA

$ 16,629,000 $ 8,240,000 $ ( 4,254,000 ) $ 20,615,000

Purchases of property, plant and equipment

Long-lived assets acquired in connection with the acquisitions

Total assets at April 30, 2019

$ 1,000,000 224,000 26,000 $ 1,250,000

Total assets at October 31, 2019

$ 675,344,000 211,125,000 44,553,000 $ 931,022,000

Unallocated expenses result from corporate expenses such as executive compensation, accounting, legal and other regulatory compliance related costs and also includes all of our amortization of stock-based compensation.

During the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , we recorded $5,983,000 and $1,704,000 of acquisition plan expenses, respectively.

During the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , we recorded $14,397,000 and $4,612,000 of acquisition plan expenses, respectively.

These expenses were recorded primarily in our unallocated expenses.

During the three months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019, we recorded $ 91,183,000 and $ 2,389,000 of acquisition plan expenses, respectively, all of which were recorded in our unallocated expenses.

See Note (2) - " Acquisitions " for further information.

In addition, offsetting unallocated expenses for the nine months ended April 30, 2019 is a $3,204,000 benefit as a result of a favorable ruling issued by the U.S.

Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit related to a legacy TCS intellectual property matter.

Interest expense in the tables above relate to our Prior Credit Facility and Credit Facility, and includes the amortization of deferred financing costs.

In addition, during the nine months ended April 30, 2019, we recorded a $3,217,000 loss from the write-off of deferred financing costs primarily related to the Term Loan Facility portion of our Prior Credit Facility.

Interest expense in the tables above primarily relates to our Credit Facility, and includes the amortization of deferred financing costs.

See Note (10) - " Credit Facility " for further discussion.

Intersegment sales for the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 by the Commercial Solutions segment to the Government Solutions segment were $3,115,000 and $1,413,000 , respectively.

Intersegment sales for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 by the Commercial Solutions segment to the Government Solutions segment were $6,876,000 and $14,515,000 , respectively.

In addition, interest expense for the three months ended October 31, 2020 includes $ 1,178,000 of incremental interest expense for ticking fees related to a now terminated financing commitment letter, as discussed in more detail in Note (2) - " Acquisitions ." There were no such charges recorded in the three months ended October 31, 2019.

Intersegment sales for the three months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019 by the Commercial Solutions segment to the Government Solutions segment were $ 851,000 and $ 1,899,000 , respectively.

There were nominal sales by the Government Solutions segment to the Commercial Solutions segment for these periods.

All intersegment sales are eliminated in consolidation and are excluded from the tables above.

Unallocated assets at April 30, 2020 consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, income taxes receivable, corporate property, plant and equipment and deferred financing costs.

Unallocated assets at October 31, 2020 consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, income taxes receivable, corporate property, plant and equipment and deferred financing costs.

Substantially all of our long-lived assets are located in the U.S.

1 unchanged sentence

AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(15) Goodwill

The following table represents goodwill by reportable operating segment, including the changes in the net carrying value of goodwill during the nine months ended April 30, 2020 :

Commercial Solutions

Government Solutions

The following table represents goodwill by reportable operating segment, including the changes in the net carrying value of goodwill during the three months ended October 31, 2020:

Commercial Solutions Government Solutions Total

Balance as of July 31, 2020

Change related to Solacom acquisition

Change related to GD NG-911 acquisition

$ 255,432,000 75,087,000 $ 330,519,000

Change related to CGC acquisition — ( 84,000 ) ( 84,000 )

Balance as of April 30, 2020

As discussed further in Note (2) -"Acquisitions," the goodwill resulting from the acquisition of CGC was based upon a valuation and estimates and assumptions that are subject to change within the purchase price allocation period (generally one year from the acquisition date).

In accordance with FASB ASC 350 "Intangibles - Goodwill and Other," we perform a goodwill impairment analysis at least annually (in the first quarter of each fiscal year), unless indicators of impairment exist in interim periods.

Change related to Solacom Technologies Inc.

("Solacom") 1,052,000 — 1,052,000

Balance as of October 31, 2020

$ 256,484,000 75,003,000 $ 331,487,000

As discussed further in Note (2) - " Acquisitions ," the goodwill resulting from the acquisition of CGC was based upon a preliminary valuation and estimates and assumptions that are subject to change within the purchase price allocation period (generally one year from the acquisition date).

Also, during the three months ended October 31, 2020, we recorded an adjustment to Solacom's goodwill to correct an immaterial item.

In accordance with FASB ASC 350, we perform a goodwill impairment analysis at least annually (in the first quarter of each fiscal year), unless indicators of impairment exist in interim periods.

If we fail the quantitative assessment of goodwill impairment ("quantitative assessment"), we would be required to recognize an impairment loss equal to the amount that a reporting unit's carrying value exceeded its fair value;

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Based on our quantitative evaluation, we determined that our Commercial Solutions and Government Solutions reporting units had estimated fair values in excess of their carrying values of at least 8.4 % and 78.0 %, respectively, and concluded that our goodwill was not impaired and that neither of our two reporting units was at risk of failing the quantitative assessment.

As of April 30, 2020 , we considered both the potential short-term and long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on our two reporting units with goodwill and whether such effects made it more-likely-than-not (i.e., a greater than 50.0% probability) that the fair values of our reporting units with goodwill would fall below their carrying values.

Based upon our analysis, we have determined that none of our goodwill has been impaired as of April 30, 2020 .

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

However, it is possible that, during the remainder of fiscal 2020 or beyond, business conditions (both in the U.S.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

It is possible that, during fiscal 2021 or beyond, business conditions (both in the U.S.

and internationally) could deteriorate from the current state, our current or prospective customers could materially postpone, reduce or even forgo purchases of our products and services to a greater extent than we currently anticipate, or our common stock price could decline further.

Such deterioration could be caused by uncertainty about the severity and length of the COVID-19 pandemic, and its impact on global business activity.

A significant decline in our customers' spending that is greater than we anticipate or a shift in funding priorities may also have a negative effect on future orders, sales, income and cash flows and we might be required to perform a quantitative assessment during the remainder of fiscal 2020 or beyond.

If assumed net sales and cash flow projections are not achieved in future periods or our common stock price significantly declines from current levels, our Commercial Solutions and Government Solutions reporting units could be at risk of failing the quantitative assessment and goodwill assigned to the respective reporting units could be impaired.

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Intangible assets with finite lives are as follows:

As of April 30, 2020

October 31, 2020

Weighted Average

Amortization Period

Gross Carrying

Amortization Period Gross Carrying

Amount Accumulated

Amortization Net Carrying

Customer relationships 20.4 $ 286,058,000 82,845,000 $ 203,213,000

Technologies 14.0 99,349,000 66,908,000 32,441,000

Trademarks and other 16.6 32,826,000 16,027,000 16,799,000

As of July 31, 2019

Total $ 418,233,000 165,780,000 $ 252,453,000

July 31, 2020

Weighted Average

Amortization Period

Gross Carrying

Amortization Period Gross Carrying

Amount Accumulated

Amortization Net Carrying

Customer relationships 20.4 $ 286,058,000 79,534,000 $ 206,524,000

Technologies 14.0 99,349,000 65,398,000 33,951,000

Trademarks and other 16.6 32,826,000 15,282,000 17,544,000

Total $ 418,233,000 160,214,000 $ 258,019,000

The weighted average amortization period in the above table excludes fully amortized intangible assets.

Amortization expense for the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 was $5,517,000 and $4,536,000 , respectively.

Amortization expense for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 was $15,952,000 and $13,113,000 , respectively.

Amortization expense for the three months ended October 31, 2020 and 2019 was $ 5,566,000 and $ 5,206,000 , respectively.

The estimated amortization expense consists of the following for the fiscal years ending July 31:

2021 $ 21,116,000

2022 19,648,000

2023 19,648,000

2024 19,021,000

2025 18,918,000

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

We review net intangible assets with finite lives for impairment when an event occurs indicating the potential for impairment.

In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, during the three months ended April 30, 2020, we evaluated whether our long-lived assets, including intangibles with finite lives, were impaired.

Based on our assessment, we believe that the carrying values of our net intangible assets were recoverable as of April 30, 2020 .

However, if current poor business conditions further deteriorate, we may be required to record impairment losses in the future, which could increase the amortization of intangibles in our fourth quarter of fiscal 2020.

Based on our last assessment, we believe that the carrying values of our net intangible assets were recoverable as of October 31, 2020.

However, if current poor business conditions further deteriorate, we may be required to record impairment losses, and or increase the amortization of intangibles in the future.

Any impairment charges that we may record in the future could be material to our results of operations and financial condition.

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Stock Repurchase Program

As of April 30, 2020 and June 3, 2020 , we were authorized to repurchase up to an additional $8,664,000 of our common stock, pursuant to our current $100,000,000 stock repurchase program.

Our stock repurchase program has no time restrictions and repurchases may be made in open-market or privately negotiated transactions and may be made pursuant to SEC Rule 10b5-1 trading plans.

There were no repurchases made during the three or nine months ended April 30, 2020 or 2019 .

On September 29, 2020, our Board of Directors authorized a new $ 100,000,000 stock repurchase program, which replaced our prior program.

The new $ 100,000,000 stock repurchase program has no time restrictions and repurchases may be made from time to time in open-market or privately negotiated transactions, or by other means in accordance with federal securities laws.

There were no repurchases made during the three months ended October 31, 2020 or 2019.

Since September 2010, we have paid quarterly dividends pursuant to an annual targeted dividend amount that was established by our Board of Directors.

On September 24, 2019 , December 4, 2019 and March 4, 2020 , our Board of Directors declared a dividend of $0.10 per common share, which were paid on November 15, 2019 , February 14, 2020 , and May 15, 2020 , respectively.

On June 3, 2020 , our Board of Directors declared a dividend of $0.10 per common share, payable on August 14, 2020 to stockholders of record at the close of business on July 15, 2020 .

On September 29, 2020, our Board of Directors declared a dividend of $ 0.10 per common share, which was paid on October 27, 2020.

On December 9, 2020, our Board of Directors declared a dividend of $ 0.10 per common share, payable on February 19, 2021 to stockholders of record at the close of business on January 20, 2021.

Future dividends remain subject to compliance with financial covenants under our Credit Facility, as well as Board approval.

(18) Legal Proceedings and Other Matters

Legacy TCS 911 Call Handling Software Matter

In fiscal 2019, a customer that purchased a TCS 911 call handling software solution in December 2014 (which was more than one year prior to our acquisition of TCS) (the "TCS Legacy Customer") which claimed that it experienced several network outages and that it would seek indemnification for any claims made against it as a result of such outages.

In September 2019, the customer filed a lawsuit in the Sixth Judicial Circuit Court of the State of South Dakota.

TCS's contract to provide services to this customer expired in December 2019 and the amount of annual revenue generated from this customer was immaterial.

We believe that TCS fully complied with its contractual requirements, that the customer's allegations were baseless, and that it was not entitled to a return of any amounts previously paid to TCS under the contract.

During the third quarter of fiscal 2020, an agreement was reached with this TCS Legacy Customer and the lawsuit was dismissed.

Such agreement did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Separately, we also filed a lawsuit in March 2019 against a former employee and her new employer arising from such former employee's violation of her obligation to TCS of confidentiality, non-competition and non-solicitation of customers, including the TCS Legacy Customer.

The former employee has responded with her own lawsuit against us.

The ultimate resolution of this lawsuit is not expected to have any material negative impact on our condensed consolidated results of operations or financial position.

GD NG-911 Acquisition-Related Litigation

In April 2019, we completed the acquisition of a state and local government NG-911 business (the “GD NG-911 business”) from General Dynamics Information Technology, Inc.

During negotiations preceding such acquisition, we learned that a TeleCommunication Systems Inc.

employee, who we had terminated for cause in April 2018 was violating her one-year non-competition obligations.

Amongst other things, this former employee began working for a competitor, Motorola Solutions, Inc.

("Motorola") and we believe she interfered with our negotiations with GDIT, as well as improperly soliciting our customers.

Consequently, in March 2019, we filed a lawsuit against this former employee and her new employer.

Only after we filed a lawsuit against the former employee and Motorola, did the former employee respond with her own lawsuit against us for alleged discrimination and alleged breach of her employment agreement as a result of a wrongful termination.

During the first quarter of fiscal 2021, we devoted significant efforts to litigate both cases and spent several million dollars related to these matters.

These cases have been consolidated for purposes of a trial which is now set to commence in February 2021.

As such, we anticipate spending several million dollars of legal and professional fees in our second quarter of fiscal 2021.

We believe we have meritorious claims against this former employee and her new employer.

Additionally, as we believe the claims made against us are without merit, we intend to vigorously defend ourselves in these matters and pursue our own damages claims valued at several million dollars.

The ultimate resolution of this litigation is not expected to have any material negative impact on our consolidated results of operations or financial position.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Other Matters

In October 2014, we disclosed to the U.S.

Department of the Treasury, Office of Foreign Assets Control ("OFAC") that we learned during a self-assessment of our export transactions that a shipment of modems sent to a Canadian customer by Comtech EF Data Corp.

was incorporated into a communication system, the ultimate end user of which was the Sudan Civil Aviation Authority.

The sales value of this equipment was approximately $288,000 .

At the time of shipment, OFAC regulations prohibited U.S.

persons from doing business directly or indirectly with Sudan.

In late 2015, OFAC issued an administrative subpoena seeking information about the disclosed transaction.

We responded to the subpoena, including alerting OFAC to Comtech’s repair of three modems for a customer in Lebanon who may have rerouted the modems from Lebanon to Sudan without the required U.S.

licensing authorization.

In September 2018, Comtech agreed to enter into a Tolling Agreement with OFAC, which extended the statute of limitations in this matter through December 31, 2019.

The Tolling Agreement was shortly followed by a second administrative subpoena seeking additional information about the disclosed transaction.

In December 2018, Comtech responded to a second administrative subpoena from OFAC, answering the questions it posed and providing all the documents it sought.

In November 2019, Comtech agreed to enter into a second Tolling Agreement with OFAC, which extends the statute of limitations in this matter through June 30, 2020.

sanctions with respect to Sudan were revoked in 2017 and we are in the process of responding to certain additional questions that OFAC asked of us based on its review.

Consistent with the revocation of the Sudan Sanction Regulations ("SSR"), shipments to the Sudan Civil Aviation Authority by U.S.

persons are now permissible.

We are not able to predict whether OFAC will take any enforcement action against us in light of the revocation of the SSR.

If OFAC determines that we have violated U.S.

trade sanctions, civil and criminal penalties could apply, and we may suffer reputational harm.

Even though we take precautions to avoid engaging in transactions that may violate U.S.

trade sanctions, those measures may not be effective in every instance.

In May 2018, we were informed by the Office of Export Enforcement ("OEE") of the Department of Commerce ("DoC") that it was forwarding to the OEE's Office of Chief Counsel, the results of its audit of international shipments by Comtech Xicom Technology, Inc.

for further review and possible determination of an administrative penalty.

We fully cooperated with the OEE in their audit and, based on our self-assessment of the approximately 7,800 individual transactions audited, have determined that six ( 6 ) transactions may not have been fully in compliance with the Export Administration Regulations ("EAR").

These six ( 6 ) items, for which export licenses were not obtained, were either spares or repaired power amplifier subassembly components valued at less than $100,000 (in aggregate) and were shipped to Brazil, Italy, Russia, Thailand and the United Arab Emirates.

The EAR provides an exception to the requirement to obtain an export license for the replacement of a defective or damaged component.

During our self-assessment, we determined that we inadvertently did not obtain export licenses for the spares or evidence of the return or destruction of the defective or damaged components necessary to authorize our use of the export license exception for the replacements.

("Xicom") for further review and possible determination of an administrative penalty.

We fully cooperated with the OEE in their audit and, based on our self-assessment of approximately 7,800 individual transactions audited, have determined that six ( 6 ) transactions may not have been fully in compliance with the Export Administration Regulations ("EAR").

These six ( 6 ) transactions, for which export licenses were not obtained, were either spares or repaired power amplifier subassembly components valued at approximately $ 230,000 (in aggregate) and were shipped to Brazil, Italy, Russia, Thailand and the United Arab Emirates.

Since discovering this issue, we have implemented additional controls and procedures and have increased awareness of these specific export requirements throughout the Company to help avoid similar occurrences in the future.

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Administrative penalties under the EAR are currently determined pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ("IEEPA"), which can reach the greater of twice the amount of the transaction that is the basis of the violation or approximately $300,000 per violation.

We have not recorded an accrual related to a possible administrative penalty and continue to work cooperatively with the OEE.

We continue to work cooperatively with the OEE and Xicom entered a Tolling Agreement with DoC, which extended the statute of limitations in this matter through February 1, 2021.

On September 17, 2020, we reached an agreement with OFAC resolving a previously disclosed investigation pending since 2014.

Pursuant to the agreement, we made a payment to OFAC of $ 894,000 and agreed to implement enhancements to our trade compliance controls and hire a Chief Trade Compliance Officer which occurred in September 2020.

In the ordinary course of business, we include indemnification provisions in certain of our customer contracts to indemnify, hold harmless and reimburse such customers for certain losses, including but not limited to losses related to third-party claims of intellectual property infringement arising from the customer’s use of our products or services.

5 unchanged sentences

Accordingly, pending or future claims asserted against us by a party that we agree to indemnify could result in legal costs and damages that could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

COMTECH TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

There are certain other pending and threatened legal actions which arise in the normal course of business.

Although the ultimate outcome of litigation is difficult to accurately predict, we believe that the outcome of these other pending and threatened actions will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition or results of operations.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain information in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements, including but not limited to, information relating to our future performance and financial condition, plans and objectives of our management and our assumptions regarding such future performance, financial condition, and plans and objectives that involve certain significant known and unknown risks and uncertainties and other factors not under our control which may cause our actual results, future performance and financial condition, and achievement of our plans and objectives to be materially different from the results, performance or other expectations implied by these forward-looking statements.

These factors include, among other things:

the risk that the acquisitions of Gilat Satellite Networks Ltd.

("Gilat") and UHP Networks Inc.

and its sister company (together, "UHP") may not be consummated for reasons including that the conditions precedent to the completion of these acquisitions may not be satisfied or the occurrence of any event, change or circumstance could give rise to the termination of the agreements;

the risk that the regulatory approvals will not be obtained;

the possibility that the expected synergies from recent or pending acquisitions will not be fully realized, or will not be realized within the anticipated time periods;

the risk that acquired businesses will not be integrated with Comtech successfully;

the possibility of disruption from recent or pending acquisitions, making it more difficult to maintain business and operational relationships or retain key personnel;

the risk that Comtech will be unsuccessful in implementing a tactical shift in its Government Solutions segment away from bidding on large commodity service contracts and toward pursuing contracts for its niche products with higher margins;

the nature and timing of our receipt of, and our performance on, new or existing orders that can cause significant fluctuations in net sales and operating results;

the timing and funding of government contracts;

adjustments to gross profits on long-term contracts;

risks associated with international sales;

rapid technological change;

evolving industry standards;

new product announcements and enhancements, including the risks associated with expanding sales of Comtech's Heights TM Network Platform ("HEIGHTS");

changing customer demands and or procurement strategies;

changes in prevailing economic and political conditions;

changes in the price of oil in global markets;

changes in foreign currency exchange rates;

risks associated with Comtech's legal proceedings, customer claims for indemnification, and other similar matters;

risks associated with our obligations under our Credit Facility;

risks associated with our large contracts;

risks associated with the COVID-19 pandemic;

and other factors described in this and our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC").

We are a leading provider of advanced communications solutions for both commercial and government customers worldwide.

Our solutions fulfill our customers' needs for secure wireless communications in some of the most demanding environments, including those where traditional communications are unavailable or cost-prohibitive, and in mission-critical and other scenarios where performance is crucial.

We manage our business through two reportable operating segments:

Commercial Solutions - offers satellite ground station technologies (such as modems and amplifiers) and public safety and location technologies (such as 911 call routing and mapping solutions) to commercial customers and smaller government customers, such as state and local governments.

This segment also serves certain large government customers (including the U.S.

government) that have requirements for off-the-shelf commercial equipment.

Government Solutions - provides mission-critical technologies (such as tactical satellite-based networks and ongoing support for complicated communication networks) and high-performance transmission technologies (such as troposcatter systems and solid-state, high-power amplifiers) to large government end-users (including those of foreign countries), large international customers and domestic prime contractors.

In fiscal 2020, we rebranded our operating segment product groups to better align with our end markets.

Prior descriptions of these product lines were updated to reflect such changes.

Our Quarterly Financial Information

Quarterly and period-to-period sales and operating results may be significantly affected by either short-term or long-term contracts with our customers.

In addition, our gross profit is affected by a variety of factors, including the mix of products, systems and services sold, production efficiencies, estimates of warranty expense, price competition and general economic conditions.

Our gross profit may also be affected by the impact of any cumulative adjustments to contracts that are accounted for over time.

Our contracts with the U.S.

government can be terminated for convenience by it at any time and orders are subject to unpredictable funding, deployment and technology decisions by the U.S.

Some of these contracts are indefinite delivery/indefinite quantity ("IDIQ") contracts and, as such, the U.S.

government is not obligated to purchase any equipment or services under these contracts.

We have, in the past, experienced and we continue to expect significant fluctuations in sales and operating results from quarter-to-quarter and period-to-period.

As such, comparisons between periods and our current results may not be indicative of a trend or future performance.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

We consider certain accounting policies to be critical due to the estimation process involved in each.

Revenue Recognition.

Under ASC 606, we follow a five-step model to:

(1) identify the contract with our customer;

(2) identify our performance obligations in our contract;

(3) determine the transaction price for our contract;

(4) allocate the transaction price to our performance obligations;

and (5) recognize revenue using one of the following two methods:

Over time - We recognize revenue using the over time method when there is a continuous transfer of control to the customer over the contractual period of performance.

This generally occurs when we enter into a long-term contract relating to the design, development or manufacture of complex equipment or technology platforms to a buyer’s specification (or to provide services related to the performance of such contracts).

Continuous transfer of control is typically supported by contract clauses which allow our customers to unilaterally terminate a contract for convenience, pay for costs incurred plus a reasonable profit and take control of work-in-process.

Revenue recognized over time is generally based on the extent of progress toward completion of the related performance obligations.

The selection of the method to measure progress requires judgment and is based on the nature of the products or services provided.

In certain instances, typically for firm fixed-price contracts, we use the cost-to-cost measure because it best depicts the transfer of control to the customer which occurs as we incur costs on our contracts.

Under the cost-to-cost measure, the extent of progress toward completion is measured based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to the total estimated costs at completion, including warranty costs.

Revenues, including estimated fees or profits, are recorded proportionally as costs are incurred.

Costs to fulfill generally include direct labor, materials, subcontractor costs, other direct costs and an allocation of indirect costs.

When these contracts are modified, the additional goods or services are generally not distinct from those already provided.

This EAC process requires management judgment relative to assessing risks, estimating contract revenue and costs, and making assumptions for schedule and technical issues.

Since certain contracts extend over a long period of time, the impact of revisions in revenue and or cost estimates during the progress of work may impact current period earnings through a cumulative adjustment.

Additionally, if the EAC process indicates a loss, a provision is made for the total anticipated loss in the period that it becomes evident.

Contract revenue and cost estimates for significant contracts are generally reviewed and reassessed at least quarterly.

The cost-to-cost method is principally used to account for contracts in our mission-critical technologies and high-performance transmission technologies product lines and, to a lesser extent, certain location-based and messaging infrastructure contracts in our public safety and location technologies product line.

For service-based contracts in our public safety and location technologies product line, we recognize revenue over time.

These services are typically recognized as a series of services performed over the contract term using the straight-line method, or based on our customers’ actual usage of the networks and platforms which we provide.

Point in time - When a performance obligation is not satisfied over time, we must record revenue using the point in time accounting method which generally results in revenue being recognized upon shipment or delivery of a promised good or service to a customer.

This generally occurs when we enter into short-term contracts or purchase orders where items are provided to customers with relatively quick turn-around times.

Point in time accounting is also applied to certain contracts in our mission-critical technologies product line.

The contracts related to these product lines do not meet the requirements for over time revenue recognition because our customers cannot utilize the equipment for its intended purpose during any phase of our manufacturing process;

customers do not simultaneously receive and or consume the benefits provided by our performance;

customers do not control the asset (i.e., prior to delivery, customers cannot direct the use of the asset, sell or exchange the equipment, etc.);

and, although many of our contracts have termination for convenience clauses and or an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date, our performance creates an asset with an alternative use through the point of delivery.

In determining that our equipment has alternative use, we considered the underlying manufacturing process for our products.

In the early phases of manufacturing, raw materials and work in process (including subassemblies) consist of common parts that are highly fungible among many different types of products and customer applications.

Finished products are either configured to our standard configuration or based on our customers’ specifications.

Finished products, whether built to our standard specification or to a customers’ specification, can be sold to a variety of customers and across many different end use applications with minimal rework, if needed, and without incurring a significant economic loss.

When identifying performance obligations, we consider whether there are multiple promises and how to account for them.

In our contracts, multiple promises are separated if they are distinct, both individually and in the context of the contract.

If multiple promises in a contract are highly interrelated or comprise a series of distinct services performed over time, they are combined into a single performance obligation.

In some cases, we may also provide the customer with an additional service-type warranty, which we recognize as a separate performance obligation.

Service-type warranties do not represent a significant portion of our consolidated net sales.

When service-type warranties represent a separate performance obligation, the revenue is deferred and recognized ratably over the extended warranty period.

Our contracts, from time-to-time, may also include options for additional goods and services.

To date, these options have not represented material rights to the customer as the pricing for them reflects standalone selling prices.

As a result, we do not consider options we offer to be performance obligations for which we must allocate a portion of the transaction price.

In many cases, we provide assurance-type warranty coverage for some of our products for a period of at least one year from the date of delivery.

When identifying the transaction price, we typically utilize the contract's stated price as a starting point.

The transaction price in certain arrangements may include estimated amounts of variable consideration, including award fees, incentive fees or other provisions that can either increase or decrease the transaction price.

We estimate variable consideration as the amount to which we expect to be entitled, and we include estimated amounts in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the estimation uncertainty is resolved.

The estimation of this variable consideration and determination of whether to include estimated amounts in the transaction price are based largely on an assessment of our anticipated performance and all information (e.g., historical, current and forecasted) that is reasonably available to us.

When allocating the contract’s transaction price, we consider each distinct performance obligation.

For contracts with multiple performance obligations, we allocate the contract’s transaction price to each performance obligation using our best estimate of the standalone selling price of each distinct good or service in the contract.

We determine standalone selling price based on the price at which the performance obligation is sold separately.

Almost all of our contracts with customers are denominated in U.S.

dollars and typically are either firm fixed-price or cost reimbursable type contracts (including fixed-fee, incentive-fee and time-and-material type contracts).

In almost all of our contracts with customers, we are the principal in the arrangement and report revenue on a gross basis.

Transaction prices for contracts with U.S.

domestic and international customers are usually based on specific negotiations with each customer and in the case of the U.S.

government, sometimes based on estimated or actual costs of providing the goods or services in accordance with applicable regulations.

The timing of revenue recognition, billings and collections results in receivables, unbilled receivables and contract liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Under typical payment terms for our contracts accounted for over time, amounts are billed as work progresses in accordance with agreed-upon contractual terms, either at periodic intervals (e.g., monthly) or upon achievement of contractual milestones.

Under ASC 606, unbilled receivables constitute contract assets.

On large long-term contracts, and for contracts with international customers that do not do business with us regularly, payment terms typically require advanced payments and deposits.

Under ASC 606, payments received from customers in excess of revenue recognized to date results in a contract liability.

These contract liabilities are not considered to represent a significant financing component of the contract because we believe these cash advances and deposits are generally used to meet working capital demands which can be higher in the earlier stages of a contract.

Also, advanced payments and deposits provide us with some measure of assurance that the customer will perform on its obligations under the contract.

Under the typical payment terms for our contracts accounted for at a point in time, costs are accumulated in inventory until the time of billing, which generally coincides with revenue recognition.

We recognize the incremental costs to obtain or fulfill a contract as an expense when incurred if the amortization period of the asset is one year or less.

Incremental costs to obtain or fulfill contracts with an amortization period greater than one year were not material.

Therefore, such types of commissions are included in total estimated costs at completion for such contracts and expensed over time through cost of sales on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Remaining performance obligations represent the transaction price of firm orders for which work has not been performed as of the end of a fiscal period.

Remaining performance obligations, which we refer to as backlog, exclude unexercised contract options and potential orders under indefinite delivery / indefinite quantity ("IDIQ") contracts.

Impairment of Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets .

As of April 30, 2020 , total goodwill recorded on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet aggregated $335.5 million (of which $255.4 million relates to our Commercial Solutions segment and $80.1 million relates to our Government Solutions segment).

Additionally, as of April 30, 2020 , net intangibles recorded on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet aggregated $260.2 million (of which $212.4 million relates to our Commercial Solutions segment and $47.8 million relates to our Government Solutions segment).

Each of our two operating segments constitutes a reporting unit and we must make various assumptions in determining their estimated fair values.

In accordance with FASB ASC 350 " Intangibles - Goodwill and Other," we perform a goodwill impairment analysis at least annually (in the first quarter of each fiscal year), unless indicators of impairment exist in interim periods.

however, any loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.

On August 1, 2019 (the first day of our fiscal 2020 ), we performed our annual quantitative assessment using market participant assumptions to determine if the fair value of each of our reporting units with goodwill exceeded its carrying value.

In making this assessment, we considered, among other things, expectations of projected net sales and cash flows, assumptions impacting the weighted average cost of capital, trends in trading multiples of comparable companies, changes in our stock price and changes in the carrying values of our reporting units with goodwill.

We also considered overall business conditions.

In performing the quantitative assessment, we estimated the fair value of each of our reporting units using a combination of the income and market approaches.

The income approach, also known as the discounted cash flow ("DCF") method, utilizes the present value of cash flows to estimate fair value.

The future cash flows for our reporting units were projected based on our estimates, at that time, of future revenues, operating income and other factors (such as working capital and capital expenditures).

For purposes of conducting our impairment analysis, we assumed revenue growth rates and cash flow projections that are below our actual long-term expectations.

The discount rates used in our DCF method were based on a weighted-average cost of capital ("WACC") determined from relevant market comparisons, adjusted upward for specific reporting unit risks (primarily the uncertainty of achieving projected operating cash flows).

A terminal value growth rate was applied to the final year of the projected period, which reflects our estimate of stable, perpetual growth.

We then calculated a present value of the respective cash flows for each reporting unit to arrive at an estimate of fair value under the income approach.

Under the market approach, we estimated a fair value based on comparable companies' market multiples of revenues and earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization and factored in a control premium.

Finally, we compared our estimates of fair values to our August 1, 2019 total public market capitalization and assessed implied control premiums based on our common stock price of $29.54 as of August 1, 2019 .

Based on our quantitative evaluation, we determined that our Commercial Solutions and Government Solutions reporting units had estimated fair values in excess of their carrying values of at least 29.0% and 122.2% , respectively, and concluded that our goodwill was not impaired and that neither of our two reporting units was at risk of failing the quantitative assessment.

As of April 30, 2020, we considered both the potential short-term and long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on our two reporting units with goodwill and whether such effects made it more-likely-than-not (i.e., a greater than 50.0% probability) that the fair values of our reporting units with goodwill would fall below their carrying values.

Based upon our analysis, we have determined that none of our goodwill has been impaired as of April 30, 2020.

However, it is possible that, during the remainder of fiscal 2020 or beyond, business conditions (both in the U.S.

Such deterioration could be caused by uncertainty about the severity and length of the COVID-19 pandemic, and its impact on global business activity.

If assumed net sales and cash flow projections are not achieved in future periods or our common stock price significantly declines from current levels, our Commercial Solutions and Government Solutions reporting units could be at risk of failing the quantitative assessment and goodwill and intangibles assigned to the respective reporting units could be impaired.

In any event, we are required to perform the next annual goodwill impairment analysis on August 1, 2020 (the start of our fiscal 2021).

If our assumptions and related estimates change in the future, or if we change our reporting unit structure or other events and circumstances change (e.g., a sustained decrease in the price of our common stock (considered on both absolute terms and relative to peers)), we may be required to record impairment charges when we perform these tests, or in other future periods.

In addition to our impairment analysis of goodwill, we also review net intangible assets with finite lives when an event occurs indicating the potential for impairment.

We believe that the carrying values of our net intangible assets were recoverable as of April 30, 2020 .

Any impairment charges that we may record in the future could be material to our results of operations and financial condition.

Provision for Warranty Obligations.

We provide warranty coverage for most of our products, including products under long-term contracts, for a period of at least one year from the date of shipment.

We record a liability for estimated warranty expense based on historical claims, product failure rates and other factors.

Costs associated with some of our warranties that are provided under long-term contracts are incorporated into our estimates of total contract costs.

There exist inherent risks and uncertainties in estimating warranty expenses, particularly on larger or longer-term contracts.

If we do not accurately estimate our warranty costs, any changes to our original estimates could be material to our results of operations and financial condition.

Accounting for Income Taxes.

Our deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on temporary differences between financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and applying enacted tax rates expected to be in effect for the year in which we expect the differences to reverse.

Our provision for income taxes is based on domestic (including federal and state) and international statutory income tax rates in the tax jurisdictions where we operate, permanent differences between financial reporting and tax reporting and available credits and incentives.

We recognize potential interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense.

federal government is our most significant income tax jurisdiction.

Significant judgment is required in determining income tax provisions and tax positions.

We may be challenged upon review by the applicable taxing authority and positions taken by us may not be sustained.

We recognize all or a portion of the benefit of income tax positions only when we have made a determination that it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained upon examination, based upon the technical merits of the position and other factors.

For tax positions that are determined as more likely than not to be sustained upon examination, the tax benefit recognized is the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement.

The development of valuation allowances for deferred tax assets and reserves for income tax positions requires consideration of timing and judgments about future taxable income, tax issues and potential outcomes, and are subjective critical estimates.

A portion of our deferred tax assets consist of federal research and experimentation tax credit carryforwards, most of which was acquired in connection with our acquisition of TCS.

No valuation allowance has been established on these deferred tax assets based on our evaluation that our ability to realize such assets has met the criteria of "more likely than not." We continuously evaluate additional facts representing positive and negative evidence in determining our ability to realize these deferred tax assets.

In certain circumstances, the ultimate outcome of exposures and risks involves significant uncertainties.

If actual outcomes differ materially from these estimates, they could have a material impact on our results of operations and financial condition.

Our federal income tax returns for fiscal 2017 through 2019 are subject to potential future Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") audit.

None of our state income tax returns prior to fiscal 2015 are subject to audit.

None of TCS's state income tax returns prior to calendar year 2015 are subject to audit.

Future tax assessments or settlements could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

Research and Development Costs.

We generally expense all research and development costs.

Research and development expenses include payroll, employee benefits, stock-based compensation expense, and other personnel-related expenses associated with product development.

Research and development expenses also include third-party development and programming costs.

Costs incurred internally in researching and developing software to be sold are charged to expense until technological feasibility has been established for the software.

Judgment is required in determining when technological feasibility of a product is established.

Technological feasibility for our advanced communication software solutions is generally reached after all high-risk development issues have been resolved through coding and testing.

Generally, this occurs shortly before the products are released to customers and when we are able to validate the marketability of such product.

Once technological feasibility is established, all software costs are capitalized until the product is available for general release to customers.

To date, capitalized internally developed software costs were not material.

Provisions for Excess and Obsolete Inventory.

We record a provision for excess and obsolete inventory based on historical and projected usage trends.

Other factors may also influence our provision, including decisions to exit a product line, technological change and new product development.

These factors could result in a change in the amount of excess and obsolete inventory on hand.

Additionally, our estimates of future product demand may prove to be inaccurate, in which case we may have understated or overstated the provision required for excess and obsolete inventory.

In the future, if we determine that our inventory was overvalued, we would be required to recognize such costs in our financial statements at the time of such determination.

Any such charge could be material to our results of operations and financial condition.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts.

We perform credit evaluations of our customers and adjust credit limits based upon customer payment history and current creditworthiness, as determined by our review of our customers’ current credit information.

Generally, we will require cash in advance or payment secured by irrevocable letters of credit before an order is accepted from an international customer that we do not do business with regularly.

In addition, we seek to obtain insurance for certain domestic and international customers.

We monitor collections and payments from our customers and maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon our historical experience and any specific customer collection issues that we have identified.

In light of ongoing tight credit market conditions, we continue to see requests from our customers for higher credit limits and longer payment terms.

Because of our strong cash position and the nominal amount of interest we are earning on our cash and cash equivalents, we have, on a limited basis, approved certain customer requests.

We continue to monitor our accounts receivable credit portfolio.

To-date, there has been no material changes in our credit portfolio as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and related worldwide restrictions on business activities.

Although our overall credit losses have historically been within the allowances we established, we cannot accurately predict our future credit loss experience, given the current poor business environment.

Measurement of credit losses requires consideration of historical loss experience, including the need to adjust for changing business conditions, and judgments about the probable effects of relevant observable data, including present economic conditions such as delinquency rates and the financial health of specific customers.

Future changes to the estimated allowance for doubtful accounts could be material to our results of operations and financial condition.

Business Outlook for Fiscal 2020

The third quarter of fiscal 2020 was challenging.

Running from February 1 through April 30, 2020, our third fiscal quarter corresponded precisely with the period in which worldwide restrictions on business activities were in force due to the coronavirus disease 2019 ("COVID-19").

The overall business impact of COVID-19 largely resulted in significant order delays and lower net sales.

For the quarter, we generated consolidated:

Net sales of $135.1 million ;

An operating loss of $3.1 million (or Non-GAAP operating income of $3.3 million , excluding $6.0 million of acquisition plan expenses and a $0.5 million charge related to estimated contract settlement costs) and a net loss of $4.0 million (or Non-GAAP net income of $1.2 million , excluding acquisition plan expenses of $4.1 million (net of tax), a $0.3 million charge related to estimated contract settlement costs (net of tax) and a net discrete tax expense of $0.7 million );

Cash flows from operating activities of $7.7 million ;

Adjusted EBITDA (a Non-GAAP financial measure discussed below) of $12.5 million .

We achieved a consolidated book-to-bill ratio (a measure defined as bookings divided by net sales) of 1.02 and finished the third quarter with consolidated backlog of $640.7 million .

Our backlog (sometimes referred to herein as orders or bookings) is more fully defined in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and the total value of multi-year contracts that we have received is substantially higher than our reported backlog.

As of April 30, 2020 , our cash and cash equivalents were $50.6 million and total debt outstanding under our Credit Facility was $159.4 million .

Other recent developments in our business include:

Our Commercial Solutions segment achieved a book-to-bill ratio of 0.73.

Our satellite ground station technologies product line, which has historically required significant in-person meetings to generate new business and finalize sales orders, has been most impacted by restrictions on business activities.

With our recent deployment of new video sales channel methods and the partial resumption of businesses activities in some places around the world, we believe this product line has started to slowly recover.

Importantly, we have been awarded multiple satellite ground station technology solution contracts to support several U.S.

Department of Defense (“DoD”) end customers, and have received initial funding for these critical projects that we expect will generate significant revenue for several years.

In addition, we believe that demand for our 911 public safety and location technology solutions remains strong and we are in the process of finalizing a number of large multi-year projects.

During the quarter, we were also awarded a multi-year contract valued at $9.1 million from a U.S.

tier-one mobile network operator for 5G virtual mobile location-based technology solutions, including public safety applications.

Additionally, we also launched a new product line website highlighting our public safety and location-based solutions and secured several multi-year contracts valued at more than $15.0 million to deploy new call-handling solutions in the Midwest.

Our Government Solutions segment achieved a book-to-bill ratio of 1.41.

Although this segment has experienced order and shipment delays, demand for almost all of our mission-critical technologies and high-performance transmission technologies remains strong.

In particular, we continue to provide Very Small Aperture Terminal (“VSAT”) Satellite Communications Terminals to the U.S.

government as well as ongoing sustainment services for several critical programs, including the SNAP and BFT-1 programs.

Also, we continue to support the U.S.

government’s cyber security posture and received large orders for its Joint Cyber Analysis Course (“JCAC”) training solutions.

In June 2020, we announced COMET - the world’s smallest over-the-horizon microwave terminal and received an initial order for the U.S.

Special Operations Command.

We are continuing to make significant efforts to win multi-year awards for several large new opportunities with the DoD.

During the quarter, we completed the integration of CGC Technology Limited, a leading provider of high precision full motion fixed and mobile X/Y satellite tracking antennas based in the United Kingdom, into our Government Solutions segment and are now working with several top-tier European aerospace companies and other government entities to meet expected long-term growth in LEO and MEO satellite constellations.

During the quarter, in response to lower levels of business activity, we implemented a variety of cost saving measures, including reducing global headcount by approximately 10%, reducing salaries, suspending merit increases and eliminating certain discretionary expenses.

Severance costs relating to these actions were not material and cost reduction efforts continue.

Although we are deemed an essential business by the U.S.

We expect that such precautions will remain in effect for as long as government advisories recommend.

Our long-term fundamentals remain strong as we continue to believe we are well-positioned for growth as business conditions meaningfully improve.

Although we have ceased during the current environment to provide specific financial targets for fiscal 2020 and it remains difficult to predict the timing of customer awards and related shipments, we do expect fiscal 2020 fourth quarter consolidated net sales, net income and Adjusted EBITDA to be somewhat better than the results we achieved during the third fiscal quarter.

We expect to incur acquisition plan expenses of approximately $3.5 million during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020.

Our ability to achieve improved results during the fourth quarter will depend, in large part, on timely deliveries and the receipt of, and our performance on, orders from our customers.

Fourth quarter results will be negatively impacted if orders and/or deliveries are delayed, business conditions further deteriorate, or our current or prospective customers materially postpone, reduce or even forgo purchases of our products and services.

We continue to be enthusiastic about our efforts on a number of large strategic orders and we are laser focused on positioning the company for a strong fiscal 2021.

On June 3, 2020 , our Board of Directors declared a dividend of $0.10 per common share, payable on August 14, 2020 to stockholders of record at the close of business on July 15, 2020 .

Future dividends remain subject to compliance with financial covenants under our Credit Facility, as amended, as well as Board approval.

Additional information related to our Business Outlook for Fiscal 2020 and a definition and explanation of Adjusted EBITDA is included in the below section " Item 2.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Comparison of the Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 " and " Comparison of the Results of Operations for the Nine Months Ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 ."

Acquisition Plan Update

In June 2020, we and UHP Networks, Inc.

(“UHP”), a leading provider of innovative and disruptive satellite ground station technology solutions, agreed to amend the terms of our agreement for our purchase of UHP, which was originally announced in November 2019.

Under the amended purchase agreement, the total aggregate purchase price has been reduced by approximately 24% from $50.0 million to $38.0 million (of which $5.0 million will be paid in cash, with the remainder in shares of our common stock, cash, or a combination of both, as we may elect at the time of closing).

The transaction is subject to customary closing conditions, including necessary regulatory approval to allow us to purchase UHP's sister company which is headquartered in Moscow.

In January 2020, we entered into an agreement with Gilat Satellite Networks Ltd.

("Gilat") to acquire Gilat by way of a merger of Comtech's newly formed subsidiary with and into Gilat, with Gilat surviving the merger as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Comtech.

Pursuant to the agreement, each Gilat ordinary share will be converted into the right to receive consideration of (i) $7.18 in cash, without interest, plus (ii) 0.08425 of a share of Comtech common stock, with cash payable in lieu of fractional shares.

During the third quarter of fiscal 2020:

(i) the proxy statement/prospectus for the Gilat Extraordinary General Meeting of Shareholders became effective;

(ii) the shareholders of Gilat voted at that meeting in favor of the merger;

and (iii) the statutory waiting period under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act expired.

Our acquisition of Gilat remains subject to certain conditions to closing, including regulatory approval in Russia.

During the third quarter of fiscal 2020, we closed an acquisition of NG-911, Inc., a pioneer of Next Generation 911 solutions for public safety agencies in the Midwest.

The acquisition allows us to cost-effectively expand sales of our industry leading Solacom Guardian call management solutions for public safety.

The financial impact of the acquisition was not material.

Other than for acquisition plan expenses, our fourth quarter fiscal 2020 business outlook does not include the impact of the pending acquisitions of UHP or Gilat, or the impact of any other expense we may incur in order to achieve our strategic objectives.

COMPARISON OF THE RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED APRIL 30, 2020 AND 2019

Consolidated net sales were $135.1 million and $170.4 million for the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , respectively, representing a decrease of $35.3 million, or 20.7% .

The period-over-period decrease in net sales reflects lower net sales in both our Commercial Solutions and Government Solutions segments.

Net sales by operating segment are discussed below.

Commercial Solutions

Net sales in our Commercial Solutions segment were $78.3 million for the three months ended April 30, 2020 , as compared to $89.6 million for the three months ended April 30, 2019 , a decrease of $11.3 million, or 12.6% .

Our Commercial Solutions segment represented 58.0% of consolidated net sales for the three months ended April 30, 2020 as compared to 52.6% for the three months ended April 30, 2019 .

Bookings in our Commercial Solutions segment for the three months ended April 30, 2020 were significantly lower than the bookings we achieved in the three months ended April 30, 2019, as customers curbed spending in response to the uncertain economic environment caused by COVID-19.

Our book-to-bill ratio (a measure defined as bookings divided by net sales) for this segment was 0.73.

We expect that as a result of COVID-19, fiscal 2020 net sales in this segment will be lower than in fiscal 2019.

Although net sales of our satellite ground station technologies during the three months ended April 30, 2020 were significantly lower than the three months ended April 30, 2019 , we are seeing signs that point to the fundamental strength of this business.

For example, during our third quarter of fiscal 2020, our Heights TM networking platform was selected by the world’s largest mobile network operator based in China to support the upgrade of its existing mobile backhaul and teleport technologies.

We were also awarded a contract valued at $4.7 million for engineering services from a large prime contractor in support of a critical U.S.

Air Force and U.S.

Army Anti-jam Modem (“A3M”) program under the U.S.

Space Force’s Space and Missile Systems Center (“SMC”) agency.

The A3M program is intended to provide the U.S.

Air Force and U.S.

Army with a secure, wideband, anti-jam satellite communications terminal modem for tactical satellite communication operations.

The jam-resistant modems will support SMC’s Protected Tactical Waveform technology, an anti-jam capability operating on military satellite communication terminals throughout the Wideband Global SATCOM constellation.

Net sales in the three months ended April 30, 2020 of our public safety and location technology solutions were higher as compared to the net sales we achieved in the three months ended April 30, 2019 .

We believe that demand for our 911 public safety and location technology solutions remains strong.

During our third quarter of fiscal 2020, we were awarded a multi-year contract valued at $9.1 million from a U.S.

tier-one mobile network operator for 5G virtual mobile location-based technology solutions, including public safety applications.

In connection with our third quarter fiscal 2020 acquisition of NG-911, Inc., a pioneer of Next Generation 911 solutions for public safety agencies in the Midwest, we secured several multi-year contracts valued at more than $15.0 million to deploy new call-handling solutions in the region.

Although public safety and location technology solutions have long sales cycles and are subject to difficult-to-predict changes in the overall procurement strategies of wireless carrier customers, we believe we are well positioned for continued growth in this market.

We have a number of large opportunities pending related to upgrades to next generation 911 systems.

Overall market conditions remain favorable and we expect fiscal 2020 net sales for our public safety and location technology solutions to finish ahead of fiscal 2019.

Bookings, sales and profitability in our Commercial Solutions segment can fluctuate from period-to-period due to many factors, including changes in the general business environment.

As such, period-to-period comparisons of our results may not be indicative of a trend or future performance.

Government Solutions

Net sales in our Government Solutions segment were $56.8 million for the three months ended April 30, 2020 as compared to $80.8 million for the three months ended April 30, 2019 , a decrease of $24.0 million, or 29.7% .

Our Government Solutions segment represented 42.0% of consolidated net sales for the three months ended April 30, 2020 , as compared to 47.4% for the three months ended April 30, 2019 .

Period-to-period fluctuations in bookings are normal for this segment, and despite the quarter-over-quarter decline in net sales, as discussed below, our business remains strong and demand for our solutions appears robust.

Our book-to-bill ratio (a measure defined as bookings divided by net sales) in this segment for the third quarter of fiscal 2020 was 1.41 .

Bookings during the quarter include:

(i) $5.6 million of additional orders from the U.S.

government for its Joint Cyber Analysis Course (“JCAC”) Training solutions;

(ii) $6.3 million of initial funding on a $12.6 million contract from a major U.S.

subcontractor for the supply of high reliability electrical, electronic and electromechanical ("EEE") space components to be utilized on NASA’s Artemis rocket launch program;

and (iii) over $6.0 million of additional funding related to sustaining the U.S.

Army’s Project Manager Mission Command (“PM MC”) Blue Force Tracking (“BFT-1”) program.

Net sales of our mission-critical technologies during the three months ended April 30, 2020 were significantly lower as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2019 , largely due to the timing of and performance on orders related to our:

(i) $98.6 million U.S.

Army global field support contract;

and (ii) satellite tracking antennas and high reliability EEE satellite based space components.

During the third quarter of fiscal 2020, we continued to support the U.S.

Army’s initiatives to modernize its tactical communications infrastructure and are pursuing several related large near-term opportunities in our pipeline.

We are also pursuing additional near-term funding and order opportunities related to NASA’s Artemis rocket launch program.

Net sales of our high-performance transmission technologies during the three months ended April 30, 2020 were lower than in the three months ended April 30, 2019 as a result of lower net sales of our solid-state, high-power amplifiers and related switching technologies, as well as our over-the-horizon ("OTH") microwave system technologies.

Bookings as well as net sales of our OTH microwave system technologies for the quarter were negatively impacted by COVID-19 travel restrictions, mandated facility closures and shelter-in-place orders affecting our customers.

We believe that fiscal 2020 net sales in our Government Solutions segment will be lower than the level we achieved in fiscal 2019, largely due to the timing of and performance on orders related to our $98.6 million U.S.

Army global field support contract and fielding and order delays resulting from COVID-19.

Bookings, sales and profitability in our Government Solutions segment can fluctuate dramatically from period-to-period due to many factors, including unpredictable funding, deployment and technology decisions by our U.S.

and international government customers.

As such, period-to-period comparisons of our results may not be indicative of a trend or future performance.

Geography and Customer Type

Sales by geography and customer type, as a percentage of related sales, for the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 are as follows:

Three months ended April 30,

Commercial Solutions

Government Solutions

International

Sales to U.S.

government customers include sales to the U.S.

Department of Defense ("DoD"), intelligence and civilian agencies, as well as sales directly to or through prime contractors.

Domestic sales include sales to commercial customers, as well as to U.S.

state and local governments.

Except for the U.S.

government, there were no customers that represented more than 10.0% of consolidated net sales during the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 .

International sales for the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 (which include sales to U.S.

domestic companies for inclusion in products that are sold to international customers) were $32.8 million and $45.0 million , respectively.

Except for the U.S., no individual country (including sales to U.S.

domestic companies for inclusion in products that are sold to a foreign country) represented more than 10.0% of consolidated net sales for the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 .

Gross Profit.

Gross profit was $53.0 million and $64.4 million for the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , respectively.

The decrease of $11.4 million primarily reflects the decline in net sales, as discussed above.

Gross profit, as a percentage of consolidated net sales, for the three months ended April 30, 2020 was 39.2% as compared to 37.8% for the three months ended April 30, 2019 .

This increase was driven by product mix changes as a result of the period-over-period increase in our Commercial Solutions segment's net sales as a percentage of consolidated net sales.

The Commercial Solutions segment historically achieves higher gross margins than our Government Solutions segment.

Gross profit, as a percentage of related segment net sales, is further discussed below.

Our Commercial Solutions segment's gross profit, as a percentage of related segment net sales, for the three months ended April 30, 2020 decreased in comparison to the three months ended April 30, 2019 .

The decrease in gross profit percentage in the three months ended April 30, 2020 primarily reflects changes in products and services mix, including significantly lower net sales of our satellite ground station technologies, offset in part by cost reduction actions taken during the quarter.

Our Government Solutions segment's gross profit, as a percentage of related segment net sales, for the three months ended April 30, 2020 increased as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2019 .

The increase in gross profit percentage primarily reflects a more favorable mix of mission-critical technology solutions in the three months ended April 30, 2020.

Included in consolidated cost of sales for the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 are provisions for excess and obsolete inventory of $0.3 million and $0.7 million, respectively.

As discussed in " Item 2.

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Critical Accounting Policies - Provisions for Excess and Obsolete Inventory," we regularly review our inventory and record a provision for excess and obsolete inventory based on historical and projected usage trends.

Our consolidated gross profit, as a percentage of consolidated net sales, depends on the volume of sales, sales mix and related gross profit for each segment, and therefore is inherently difficult to forecast.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses .

Selling, general and administrative expenses were $32.3 million and $33.4 million for the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , respectively, representing a decrease of $1.1 million, or 3.3% .

As a percentage of consolidated net sales, selling, general and administrative expenses were 23.9% and 19.6% for the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , respectively.

Our selling, general and administrative expenses for the three months ended April 30, 2020 reflect certain cost reduction actions during the quarter, partially offset by severance costs.

Excluding $0.5 million and $2.5 million of estimated contract settlement costs in the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , respectively, our selling, general and administrative expenses for the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 would have been $31.8 million, or 23.6%, and $30.9 million, or 18.1%, respectively, of consolidated net sales.

The increase, in dollars, is primarily attributable to the incremental selling, general and administrative expenses of our acquired businesses.

The increase, as a percentage of consolidated net sales, is due to lower net sales during the fiscal 2020 quarter.

Amortization of stock-based compensation expense recorded as selling, general and administrative expenses was $0.9 million and $1.0 million in the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , respectively.

Amortization of stock-based compensation is not allocated to our two reportable operating segments.

Research and Development Expenses.

Research and development expenses were $12.3 million and $13.5 million for the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , respectively, representing a decrease of $1.2 million, or 8.9% .

As a percentage of consolidated net sales, research and development expenses were 9.1% and 7.9% for the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , respectively.

For the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , research and development expenses of $10.8 million and $11.6 , respectively, related to our Commercial Solutions segment, and $1.4 million and $1.8 million, respectively, related to our Government Solutions segment.

The remaining research and development expenses of $0.1 million for both the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , respectively, related to the amortization of stock-based compensation expense.

Whenever possible, we seek customer funding for research and development to adapt our products to specialized customer requirements.

During the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , customers reimbursed us $3.1 million and $3.3 million, respectively, which is not reflected in the reported research and development expenses but is included in net sales with the related costs included in cost of sales.

Amortization of Intangibles.

Amortization relating to intangible assets with finite lives was $5.5 million (of which $4.3 million was for the Commercial Solutions segment and $1.2 million was for the Government Solutions segment) for the three months ended April 30, 2020 and $4.5 million (of which $3.7 million was for the Commercial Solutions segment and $0.8 million was for the Government Solutions segment) for the three months ended April 30, 2019 .

The increase of $1.0 million was due to our completed acquisitions.

Our Business Outlook for Fiscal 2020 assumes total annual amortization of intangible assets of approximately $22.0 million.

This amount does not include the impact of our pending acquisitions of Gilat and UHP.

Acquisition Plan Expenses.

During the three months ended April 30, 2020 , we incurred acquisition plan expenses of $6.0 million, primarily related to our pending acquisitions of Gilat and UHP and our recently completed acquisition of CGC.

During the three months ended April 30, 2019, we incurred acquisition plan expenses of $1.7 million, which primarily related to our fiscal 2019 acquisitions of Solacom and the GD NG-911 business.

These expenses are primarily recorded in our Unallocated segment.

During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, we expect to incur approximately $3.5 million of acquisition plan expenses primarily related to our pending acquisitions of Gilat and UHP.

Operating (Loss) Income.

Operating loss for the three months ended April 30, 2020 was $3.1 million as compared to operating income of $11.3 million for the three months ended April 30, 2019 .

Operating income (loss) by reportable segment is shown in the table below:

Three months ended April 30,

($ in millions)

Commercial Solutions

Government Solutions

Operating income (loss)

Percentage of related net sales

The Commercial Solutions segment's operating income for the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 reflects $0.5 million and $2.5 million , respectively, of estimated contract settlement costs, as discussed above.

The segment's operating income for the three months ended April 30, 2020 also reflects $0.7 million of the total acquisition plan expenses, as discussed above.

Excluding such charges, operating income in our Commercial Solutions segment would have been $5.2 million, or 6.6% of related segment net sales for the three months ended April 30, 2020 and $10.6 million, or 11.8% of related segment net sales for the three months ended April 30, 2019 .

The decrease in operating income, both in dollars and as a percentage of related segment net sales, is due primarily to the decrease in this segment’s net sales and gross profit percentage, as well as from increased amortization of intangibles, all as discussed above.

Looking forward, given expected sales, product mix assumptions and the impact of cost reduction actions taken to-date, we expect this segment's fiscal 2020 operating income, both in dollars and as a percentage of related segment net sales, to be lower than in fiscal 2019.

The decrease in our Government Solutions segment’s operating income, both in dollars and as a percentage of related segment net sales, in the three months ended April 30, 2020 was due primarily to the decrease in net sales and higher amortization of intangibles, both as discussed above.

The decrease in this segment’s operating income was offset, in part, by an increase in this segment’s gross profit percentage.

Looking forward, given expected sales, product mix assumptions and the impact of cost reduction actions taken to-date, we expect this segment’s fiscal 2020 operating income, both in dollars and as a percentage of related segment net sales, to be lower than in fiscal 2019.

The increase in unallocated expenses for the three months ended April 30, 2020 as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2019 is primarily due to higher acquisition plan expenses during the most recent fiscal quarter.

Amortization of stock-based compensation was $1.0 million and $1.1 million for the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , respectively.

Excluding the $6.0 million of acquisition plan expenses and $0.5 million of estimated contract settlement costs during the period, as discussed above, consolidated operating income for the third quarter of fiscal 2020 would have been $3.3 million , or 2.5% of consolidated net sales.

Excluding the $1.7 million of acquisition plan expenses and $2.5 million of estimated contract settlement costs during the period, as discussed above, consolidated operating income for the third quarter of fiscal 2019 would have been $15.5 million, or 9.1% of consolidated net sales.

The decrease in consolidated operating income is due primarily to the decrease in consolidated net sales and increased amortization of intangibles, partially offset by a higher consolidated gross profit percentage and cost reduction actions taken during the third quarter of fiscal 2020, as discussed above.

Our Business Outlook for Fiscal 2020 assumes, similar to the prior three fiscal years, that we will continue to pay certain annual non-equity incentive awards in the form of fully-vested share units.

Amortization of stock-based compensation can fluctuate from period-to-period based on the type and timing of stock-based awards, estimated forfeitures and the achievement of applicable performance goals.

Looking forward, unallocated operating expenses in fiscal 2020 are expected to be higher than the $23.6 million incurred in fiscal 2019.

The increase is expected to be driven by incremental acquisition plan expenses and the absence of a $3.2 million benefit in fiscal 2020 resulting from the favorable ruling in fiscal 2019 related to a legacy TCS intellectual property litigation matter offset, in part, by the impact of cost reduction actions taken to-date.

Based on lower consolidated net sales expected in fiscal 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, incremental acquisition plan expenses, incremental amortization of intangibles and the absence of a favorable settlement of a legacy TCS intellectual property litigation matter, offset in part by lower spending as a result of cost reduction actions taken to-date, our fiscal 2020 consolidated operating income (in dollars and as a percentage of consolidated net sales) is anticipated to be significantly lower than the $41.4 million or 6.2 % we achieved in fiscal 2019.

Interest Expense and Other.

Interest expense was $1.5 million and $2.2 million for the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , respectively.

The decrease is attributable to lower outstanding indebtedness under our Credit Facility and lower interest rates.

Our effective interest rate (including amortization of deferred financing costs) in the three months ended April 30, 2020 was approximately 3.7% .

For fiscal 2020, we expect our interest expense rate to approximate 3.8% and our total interest expense to approximate $6.2 million.

Our cash borrowing rate (which excludes the amortization of deferred financing costs) is approximately 2.25% to 2.50% .

Interest (Income) and Other.

Interest (income) and other for both the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 was nominal.

All of our available cash and cash equivalents are currently invested in bank deposits and money market deposit accounts which, at this time, are currently yielding an immaterial interest rate.

(Benefit from) Provision for Income Taxes.

The benefit from income taxes during the three months ended April 30, 2020 was $0.8 million as compared to a tax expense of $1.5 million during the three months ended April 30, 2019 .

Our effective tax rate (excluding discrete tax items) for the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 was 31.0% and 23.0%, respectively.

The increase from 23.0% to 31.0% is due primarily to the anticipated decrease in fiscal 2020 consolidated net sales, which also led to a net discrete tax expense of $0.7 million during the third quarter of fiscal 2020.

During the third quarter of fiscal 2019, we recorded a net discrete tax benefit of $0.6 million primarily related to the reversal of tax contingencies no longer required due to the expiration of applicable statutes of limitation and the finalization of certain tax deductions in connection with the filing of our fiscal 2018 federal income tax return.

Our federal income tax returns for fiscal 2017 through 2019 are subject to potential future IRS audit.

None of our state income tax returns prior to fiscal 2015 are subject to audit.

None of TCS's state income tax returns prior to calendar year 2015 are subject to audit.

Future tax assessments or settlements could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

Net (Loss) Income.

During the three months ended April 30, 2020 , consolidated net loss was $4.0 million as compared to net income of $7.6 million during the three months ended April 30, 2019 .

Adjusted EBITDA.

Adjusted EBITDA (both in dollars and as a percentage of related net sales) for both the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 are shown in the table below (numbers in the table may not foot due to rounding):

Three months ended April 30,

($ in millions)

Commercial Solutions

Government Solutions

Net income (loss)

Provision for (benefit from) income taxes

Interest (income) and other

Interest expense

Amortization of stock-based compensation

Amortization of intangibles

Estimated contract settlement costs

Acquisition plan expenses

Adjusted EBITDA

Percentage of related net sales

The decrease in consolidated and segment level Adjusted EBITDA, both in dollars and as a percentage of consolidated net sales, during the three months ended April 30, 2020 as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2019 was primarily attributable to lower related net sales and operating income, as discussed above.

Because our consolidated Adjusted EBITDA, as a percentage of consolidated net sales, depends on the volume of sales, sales mix and related gross profit for each individual segment as well as unallocated spending, it is inherently difficult to forecast.

In addition, our Business Outlook for Fiscal 2020 includes several items, the timing of which can still shift and impact our expected fourth quarter financial performance.

Looking forward and based on the above discussions, we expect consolidated Adjusted EBITDA, in dollars and as a percentage of consolidated net sales, to be lower in fiscal 2020 as compared to the $93.5 million and 13.9% we achieved in fiscal 2019.

A reconciliation of our fiscal 2019 GAAP Net Income to Adjusted EBITDA of $93.5 million is shown in the table below (numbers in the table may not foot due to rounding):

($ in millions)

Fiscal Year 2019

Reconciliation of GAAP Net Income to Adjusted EBITDA:

Provision for income taxes

Interest income and other

Write-off of deferred financing costs

Interest expense

Amortization of stock-based compensation

Amortization of intangibles

Estimated contract settlement costs

Settlement of intellectual property litigation

Acquisition plan expenses

Facility exit costs

Adjusted EBITDA

In addition, a reconciliation of our GAAP consolidated operating income (loss), net income (loss) and net income (loss) per diluted share during the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 to the corresponding non-GAAP measures are shown in the tables below (numbers and per share amounts in the table may not foot due to rounding):

Three months ended April 30, 2020

($ in millions, except for per share amount)

Operating (Loss) Income

Net (Loss) Income

Net (Loss) Income per Diluted Share

Reconciliation of GAAP to Non-GAAP Earnings (Loss):

GAAP measures, as reported

Acquisition plan expenses

Estimated contract settlement costs

Net discrete tax expense

Non-GAAP measures

Three months ended April 30, 2019

($ in millions, except for per share amount)

Operating Income

Net Income per Diluted Share

Reconciliation of GAAP to Non-GAAP Earnings:

GAAP measures, as reported

Estimated contract settlement costs

Acquisition plan expenses

Net discrete tax benefit

Non-GAAP measures

Our Adjusted EBITDA is a Non-GAAP measure that represents earnings (loss) before income taxes, interest (income) and other, write-off of deferred financing costs, interest expense, amortization of stock-based compensation, amortization of intangibles, depreciation expense, estimated contract settlement costs, settlement of intellectual property litigation, acquisition plan expenses, facility exit costs and strategic alternatives analysis expenses and other.

Our definition of Adjusted EBITDA may differ from the definition of EBITDA or Adjusted EBITDA used by other companies and therefore may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies.

Adjusted EBITDA is also a measure frequently requested by our investors and analysts.

We believe that investors and analysts may use Adjusted EBITDA, along with other information contained in our SEC filings, in assessing our performance and comparability of our results with other companies.

Our Non-GAAP measures for consolidated operating income, net income and net income per diluted share reflect the GAAP measures as reported, adjusted for certain items as described.

These Non-GAAP financial measures have limitations as an analytical tool as they exclude the financial impact of transactions necessary to conduct our business, such as the granting of equity compensation awards, and are not intended to be an alternative to financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP.

These measures are adjusted as described in the reconciliation of GAAP to Non-GAAP in the above tables, but these adjustments should not be construed as an inference that all of these adjustments or costs are unusual, infrequent or non-recurring.

Non-GAAP financial measures should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for or superior to, financial measures determined in accordance with GAAP.

Investors are advised to carefully review the GAAP financial results that are disclosed in our SEC filings.

COMPARISON OF THE RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED APRIL 30, 2020 AND 2019

Consolidated net sales were $467.0 million and $495.4 million for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , respectively, representing a decrease of $28.4 million, or 5.7% .

The period-over-period decrease in net sales reflects lower net sales in our Government Solutions segment, offset in part by higher net sales in our Commercial Solutions segment.

Net sales by operating segment are discussed below.

Commercial Solutions

Net sales in our Commercial Solutions segment were $268.8 million for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 , as compared to $254.3 million for the nine months ended April 30, 2019 , an increase of $14.5 million, or 5.7% .

Our Commercial Solutions segment represented 57.5% of consolidated net sales for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 as compared to 51.3% for the nine months ended April 30, 2019 .

Bookings in our Commercial Solutions segment for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 were significantly lower than the nine months ended April 30, 2019 , as customers curbed spending in response to the uncertain economic environment caused by COVID-19.

Our book-to-bill ratio (a measure defined as bookings divided by net sales) for this segment was 0.86 .

We expect that as a result of COVID-19, fiscal 2020 net sales in this segment will be lower than in fiscal 2019.

Although net sales of our satellite ground station technologies during the nine months ended April 30, 2020 were lower than in the nine months ended April 30, 2019 , we are seeing signs that point to the fundamental strength of this business.

We were also awarded a contract valued at $4.7 million for engineering services from a large prime contractor in support of a critical U.S.

Air Force and U.S.

Army Anti-jam Modem (“A3M”) program under the U.S.

Space Force’s Space and Missile Systems Center (“SMC”) agency.

The A3M program is intended to provide the U.S.

Air Force and U.S.

Army with a secure, wideband, anti-jam satellite communications terminal modem for tactical satellite communication operations.

Net sales in the nine months ended April 30, 2020 of our public safety and location technology solutions were higher as compared to the net sales we achieved in the nine months ended April 30, 2019 .

We believe that demand for our 911 public safety and location technology solutions remains strong.

In the second quarter of fiscal 2020, we announced a contract worth $6.6 million to upgrade a next generation 911 system for a New England state, as well as a multi-year contract extension totaling an estimated $14.2 million to provide enhanced 911 services to a tier-one U.S.

wireless telecommunications carrier.

More recently, during our third quarter of fiscal 2020, we were awarded a multi-year contract valued at $9.1 million from a U.S.

tier-one mobile network operator for 5G virtual mobile location-based technology solutions, including public safety applications.

We have a number of large opportunities pending related to upgrades to next generation 911 systems.

Overall market conditions remain favorable and we expect fiscal 2020 net sales for our public safety and location technology solutions to finish ahead of fiscal 2019.

Bookings, sales and profitability in our Commercial Solutions segment can fluctuate from period-to-period due to many factors, including changes in the general business environment.

As such, period-to-period comparisons of our results may not be indicative of a trend or future performance.

Government Solutions

Net sales in our Government Solutions segment were $198.2 million for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 as compared to $241.1 million for the nine months ended April 30, 2019 , a decrease of $42.9 million, or 17.8% .

Our Government Solutions segment represented 42.5% of consolidated net sales for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 , as compared to 48.7% for the nine months ended April 30, 2019 .

Period-to-period fluctuations in bookings are normal for this segment, and despite the year-over-year decline in net sales, as discussed below, our business remains strong and demand for our solutions appears robust.

Our book-to-bill ratio (a measure defined as bookings divided by net sales) in this segment for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 was 0.98 .

Bookings during the most recent period include $13.4 million of initial funding related to a 10-year, $211.0 million IDIQ contract awarded to us by a prime contractor to provide next generation troposcatter systems in support of the U.S.

Marine Corps.

We believe this multi-year opportunity validates Comtech’s market leading troposcatter technologies and expertise.

Also, during the most recent nine-month period, the U.S Army awarded us a contract with a $98.6 million ceiling to provide global field support services for military satellite communication ("SATCOM") terminals around the world.

These SATCOM terminals provide inter and intra-theater network communications with worldwide reach back capability.

The field support contract covers diverse engineering and technical skills to support these SATCOM terminals, including logistics, help desk, network engineering, security engineering, RF and satellite system engineering and support.

To-date, the contract has been funded at $31.1 million with additional funding expected to occur across the remaining twelve-month performance period.

Recently, this customer verbally notified us of its intent to exercise an optional six-month extension of the contract and we have provided budgetary numbers for funding to the customer.

Other bookings during the nine months ended April 30, 2020 include:

(i) $8.4 million of additional orders from the U.S.

government for its Joint Cyber Analysis Course (“JCAC”) Training solutions;

(ii) $6.3 million of initial funding on a $12.6 million contract from a major U.S.

subcontractor for the supply of high reliability electrical, electronic and electromechanical ("EEE") space components to be utilized on NASA’s Artemis rocket launch program;

and (iii) over $6.0 million of additional funding related to sustaining the U.S.

Army’s Project Manager Mission Command (“PM MC”) Blue Force Tracking (“BFT-1”) program.

Net sales of our mission-critical technologies during the nine months ended April 30, 2020 were lower as compared to the nine months ended April 30, 2019 , due primarily to:

(i) the timing of and performance on orders related to satellite tracking antennas and high reliability EEE satellite based space components;

(ii) lower net sales to the U.S.

Army of our next generation MT-2025 mobile satellite transceivers;

and (iii) the timing of and performance on orders related to our $98.6 million U.S.

Army global field support contract.

During the third quarter of fiscal 2020, we continued to support the U.S.

Army’s initiatives to modernize its tactical communications infrastructure and are pursuing several related large near-term opportunities in our pipeline.

We are also pursuing additional near-term funding and order opportunities related to NASA’s Artemis rocket launch program.

Net sales of our high-performance transmission technologies during the nine months ended April 30, 2020 were higher than in the nine months ended April 30, 2019 , driven by increased sales of our solid-state, high-power amplifiers and related switching technologies.

Army global field support contract and fielding and order delays resulting from COVID-19.

and international government customers.

As such, period-to-period comparisons of our results may not be indicative of a trend or future performance.

Geography and Customer Type

Sales by geography and customer type, as a percentage of related sales, for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 are as follows:

Nine months ended April 30,

Commercial Solutions

Government Solutions

International

Sales to U.S.

government customers include sales to the U.S.

Department of Defense ("DoD"), intelligence and civilian agencies, as well as sales directly to or through prime contractors.

Domestic sales include sales to commercial customers, as well as to U.S.

state and local governments.

Except for the U.S.

government, there were no customers that represented more than 10.0% of consolidated net sales during the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 .

International sales for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 (which include sales to U.S.

domestic companies for inclusion in products that are sold to international customers) were $107.5 million and $121.6 million , respectively.

Except for the U.S., no individual country (including sales to U.S.

domestic companies for inclusion in products that are sold to a foreign country) represented more than 10.0% of consolidated net sales for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 .

Gross Profit.

Gross profit was $177.2 million and $183.4 million for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , respectively.

The decrease of $6.2 million primarily reflects lower net sales in our Government Solutions segment, offset in part by higher net sales in our Commercial Solutions segment, as discussed above.

Gross profit, as a percentage of consolidated net sales, for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 was 37.9% as compared to 37.0% for the nine months ended April 30, 2019 .

This increase was driven by product mix changes as a result of the period-over-period increase in our Commercial Solutions segment’s net sales as a percentage of consolidated net sales.

This segment historically achieves higher gross margins than our Government Solutions segment.

Gross profit, as a percentage of related segment net sales, is further discussed below.

Our Commercial Solutions segment's gross profit, as a percentage of related segment net sales, for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 decreased in comparison to the nine months ended April 30, 2019 .

The decrease in gross profit percentage in the nine months ended April 30, 2020 primarily reflects changes in products and services mix, including lower net sales of our satellite ground station technologies, offset in part by cost reduction actions taken during the quarter.

Our Government Solutions segment's gross profit, as a percentage of related segment net sales, for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 increased in comparison to the nine months ended April 30, 2019 .

The increase in gross profit percentage primarily reflects a more favorable mix of mission-critical technology solutions in the nine months ended April 30, 2020.

Included in consolidated cost of sales for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 are provisions for excess and obsolete inventory of $1.2 million and $2.5 million , respectively.

As discussed in " Item 2.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses .

Selling, general and administrative expenses were $93.5 million and $97.2 million for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , respectively, representing a decrease of $3.7 million, or 3.8% .

As a percentage of consolidated net sales, selling, general and administrative expenses were 20.0% and 19.6% for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , respectively.

Our selling, general and administrative expenses for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 reflect certain cost reduction actions during the quarter, partially offset by severance costs.

During the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , we incurred $0.4 million and $6.4 million , respectively, of estimated contract settlement costs principally related to the repositioning of our location technologies solutions offerings in our Commercial Solutions segment.

During the nine months ended April 30, 2019, we also incurred $1.4 million of facility exit costs in our Government Solutions segment.

Excluding such costs, our selling, general and administrative expenses would have been $93.1 million, or 19.9% of consolidated net sales for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and $89.5 million, or 18.1% of consolidated net sales for the nine months ended April 30, 2019.

The increase, in dollars, is primarily attributable to the incremental selling, general and administrative expenses of our acquired businesses.

The increase, as a percentage of consolidated net sales, is due to lower net sales during the most recent period.

Amortization of stock-based compensation expense recorded as selling, general and administrative expenses was $2.7 million in the nine months ended April 30, 2020 as compared to $3.0 million in the nine months ended April 30, 2019 .

Amortization of stock-based compensation is not allocated to our two reportable operating segments.

Research and Development Expenses.

Research and development expenses were $40.9 million and $40.7 million for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , respectively, representing an increase of $0.2 million, or 0.5% .

As a percentage of consolidated net sales, research and development expenses were 8.8% and 8.2% for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , respectively.

For the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , research and development expenses of $35.7 million and $35.0 million, respectively, related to our Commercial Solutions segment, and $5.1 million and $5.5 million, respectively, related to our Government Solutions segment.

The remaining research and development expenses of $0.2 million for both the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 related to the amortization of stock-based compensation expense.

Whenever possible, we seek customer funding for research and development to adapt our products to specialized customer requirements.

During the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , customers reimbursed us $8.2 million and $10.6 million, respectively, which is not reflected in the reported research and development expenses but is included in net sales with the related costs included in cost of sales.

Amortization of Intangibles.

Amortization relating to intangible assets with finite lives was $16.0 million (of which $13.0 million was for the Commercial Solutions segment and $2.9 million was for the Government Solutions segment) for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and $13.1 million (of which $10.6 million was for the Commercial Solutions segment and $2.5 million was for the Government Solutions segment) for the nine months ended April 30, 2019 .

The increase of $2.9 million was due to our completed acquisitions.

Our Business Outlook for Fiscal 2020 assumes total annual amortization of intangible assets of approximately $22.0 million.

This amount does not include the impact of our pending acquisitions of Gilat and UHP.

Settlement of Intellectual Property Litigation.

During the nine months ended April 30, 2019 , we recorded a $3.2 million benefit in our Unallocated segment as a result of a favorable ruling issued by the U.S.

Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit related to a legacy TCS intellectual property matter.

There was no comparable adjustment in the nine months ended April 30, 2020 .

Acquisition Plan Expenses.

During the nine months ended April 30, 2020 , we incurred acquisition plan expenses of $14.4 million, including expenses related to our pending acquisitions of Gilat and UHP and our recently completed acquisition of CGC.

During the nine months ended April 30, 2019 , we incurred acquisition plan expenses of $4.6 million, which primarily related to our fiscal 2019 acquisitions of Solacom and the GD NG-911 business.

These expenses are primarily recorded in our Unallocated segment.

During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, we expect to incur approximately $3.5 million of acquisition plan expenses primarily related to our pending acquisitions of Gilat and UHP.

Operating Income.

Operating income for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 was $12.4 million as compared to $31.0 million for the nine months ended April 30, 2019 .

Operating income by reportable segment is shown in the table below:

Nine months ended April 30,

($ in millions)

Commercial Solutions

Government Solutions

Operating income (loss)

Percentage of related net sales

The Commercial Solutions segment's operating income for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 reflects $0.4 million and $6.4 million of estimated contract settlement costs, as discussed above.

The segment's operating income for the most recent period also reflects $0.7 million of the total acquisition plan expenses, as discussed above.

Excluding such charges, operating income in our Commercial Solutions segment would have been $27.6 million, or 10.3% of related segment net sales for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and $30.3 million, or 11.9% of related segment net sales for the nine months ended April 30, 2019 .

The decrease in operating income, both in dollars and as a percentage of related segment net sales, was due primarily to the increased amortization of intangibles, as discussed above.

The Government Solutions segment’s operating income for the nine months ended April 30, 2019 included $1.4 million of facility exit costs, as discussed above.

Excluding such facility exit costs, operating income in our Government Solutions segment for the nine months ended April 30, 2019 would have been $25.9 million , or 10.7% of related segment sales.

The decrease in our Government Solutions segment’s operating income, both in dollars and as a percentage of related segment net sales, in the nine months ended April 30, 2020 was due primarily to the decrease in net sales, as discussed above.

Looking forward, given expected sales, product mix assumptions and the impact of cost reduction actions taken to-date, we expect this segment’s fiscal 2020 operating income in dollars, and as a percentage of related segment net sales, to be lower than in fiscal 2019.

The increase in unallocated expenses for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 as compared to the nine months ended April 30, 2019 is primarily due to higher acquisition plan expenses during the most recent nine-month period and the $3.2 million benefit in the prior year period related to a favorable ruling issued by the U.S.

Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit related to a legacy TCS intellectual property matter, as discussed above.

Amortization of stock-based compensation was $3.1 million and $3.4 million , respectively, for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 .

Excluding the $14.4 million of acquisition plan expenses and $0.4 million of estimated contract settlement costs, consolidated operating income for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 would have been $27.2 million , or 5.8% of consolidated net sales.

Excluding the $6.4 million of estimated contract settlement costs, $4.6 million of acquisition plan expenses, $3.2 million benefit related to a legacy TCS intellectual property matter and the $1.4 million of facility exit costs in the nine months ended April 30, 2019 , consolidated operating income would have been $40.2 million, or 8.1% of consolidated net sales.

The decrease in dollars, and as a percentage of consolidated net sales, was due primarily to the decrease in consolidated net sales and increased amortization of intangibles, as discussed above.

Our Business Outlook for Fiscal 2020 assumes, similar to the prior three fiscal years, that we will continue to pay certain annual non-equity incentive awards in the form of fully-vested share units.

Looking forward, unallocated operating expenses in fiscal 2020 are expected to be higher than the $23.6 million incurred in fiscal 2019.

Interest Expense and Other.

Interest expense was $4.9 million and $7.1 million for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , respectively.

The decrease is attributable to lower outstanding indebtedness under our Credit Facility and lower interest rates.

Our effective interest rate (including amortization of deferred financing costs) in the nine months ended April 30, 2020 was approximately 4.25% .

For fiscal 2020, we expect our interest expense rate to approximate 3.8% and our total interest expense to approximate $6.2 million.

Our cash borrowing rate (which excludes the amortization of deferred financing costs) is approximately 2.25% to 2.50% .

Write-off of Deferred Financing Costs.

In connection with the establishment of our Credit Facility in the nine months ended April 30, 2019 , we wrote-off $3.2 million of deferred financing costs which primarily related to the term loan portion of our Prior Credit Facility.

See " Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - Note (11) - Credit Facility " for further information.

There was no comparable charge in the nine months ended April 30, 2020 .

Interest (Income) and Other.

Interest (income) and other for both the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 was nominal.

All of our available cash and cash equivalents are currently invested in bank deposits and money market deposit accounts which, at this time, are currently yielding an immaterial interest rate.

Provision for Income Taxes.

The provision for income taxes during the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 was $1.5 million and $1.8 million, respectively.

Our effective tax rate (excluding discrete tax items) for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 was 31.0% and 23.0%, respectively.

The increase from 23.0% to 31.0% is due primarily to the anticipated decrease in fiscal 2020 consolidated net sales.

During the nine months ended April 30, 2020 , we recorded a net discrete tax benefit of $0.8 million, primarily related to stock-based awards that were settled during fiscal 2020 and the finalization of certain tax deductions in connection with the filing of our fiscal 2019 federal income tax return.

During the nine months ended April 30, 2019 , we recorded a net discrete tax benefit of $3.0 million, primarily related to (i) the favorable resolution of the IRS' audit of our fiscal 2016 federal income tax return, (ii) discrete tax benefits for stock-based awards that were settled during fiscal 2019, (iii) the reversal of tax contingencies no longer required due to the expiration of applicable statutes of limitation and, (iv) the finalization of certain tax deductions in connection with the filing of our fiscal 2018 federal income tax return.

Our federal income tax returns for fiscal 2017 through 2019 are subject to potential future IRS audit.

None of our state income tax returns prior to fiscal 2015 are subject to audit.

None of TCS's state income tax returns prior to calendar year 2015 are subject to audit.

Future tax assessments or settlements could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

During the nine months ended April 30, 2020 , consolidated net income was $5.9 million as compared to $18.9 million during the nine months ended April 30, 2019 .

Adjusted EBITDA.

Adjusted EBITDA (both in dollars and as a percentage of related net sales) for both the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 are shown in the table below (numbers in the table may not foot due to rounding):

Nine months ended April 30,

($ in millions)

Commercial Solutions

Government Solutions

Net income (loss)

Provision for (benefit from) income taxes

Interest (income) and other

Write-off of deferred financing costs

Interest expense

Amortization of stock-based compensation

Amortization of intangibles

Estimated contract settlement costs

Settlement of intellectual property litigation

Acquisition plan expenses

Facility exit costs

Adjusted EBITDA

Percentage of related net sales

The decrease in consolidated Adjusted EBITDA, both in dollars and as a percentage of consolidated net sales, during the nine months ended April 30, 2020 as compared to the nine months ended April 30, 2019 is primarily attributable to lower consolidated net sales, as discussed above.

The decrease in our Commercial Solutions segment's Adjusted EBITDA, as a percentage of related segment net sales, was due to changes in products and services mix during the nine months ended April 30, 2020, as discussed above.

The decrease in our Government Solutions segment's Adjusted EBITDA, both in dollars and as a percentage of related segment net sales, was primarily driven by lower net sales during the nine months ended April 30, 2020, as discussed above.

In addition, our Business Outlook for Fiscal 2020 includes several items, the timing of which can still shift and impact our expected fourth quarter financial performance.

A reconciliation of our fiscal 2019 GAAP Net Income to Adjusted EBITDA of $93.5 million is shown in the table below (numbers in the table may not foot due to rounding):

($ in millions)

Fiscal Year 2019

Reconciliation of GAAP Net Income to Adjusted EBITDA:

Provision for income taxes

Interest income and other

Write-off of deferred financing costs

Interest expense

Amortization of stock-based compensation

Amortization of intangibles

Estimated contract settlement costs

Settlement of intellectual property litigation

Acquisition plan expenses

Facility exit costs

Adjusted EBITDA

In addition, a reconciliation of our GAAP consolidated operating income, net income and net income per diluted share during the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 to the corresponding non-GAAP measures are shown in the tables below (numbers and per share amounts in the table may not foot due to rounding):

Nine months ended April 30, 2020

($ in millions, except for per share amount)

Operating Income

Net Income per Diluted Share

Reconciliation of GAAP to Non-GAAP Earnings:

GAAP measures, as reported

Acquisition plan expenses

Estimated contract settlement costs

Net discrete tax benefit

Non-GAAP measures

Nine months ended April 30, 2019

($ in millions, except for per share amount)

Operating Income

Net Income per Diluted Share

Reconciliation of GAAP to Non-GAAP Earnings:

GAAP measures, as reported

Estimated contract settlement costs

Settlement of intellectual property litigation

Facility exit costs

Acquisition plan expenses

Write-off of deferred financing costs

Net discrete tax benefit

Non-GAAP measures

Adjusted EBITDA is also a measure frequently requested by our investors and analysts.

Our Non-GAAP measures for consolidated operating income, net income and net income per diluted share reflect the GAAP measures as reported, adjusted for certain items as described.

Non-GAAP financial measures should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for or superior to, financial measures determined in accordance with GAAP.

Investors are advised to carefully review the GAAP financial results that are disclosed in our SEC filings.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Our cash and cash equivalents increased $5.0 million from $45.6 million at July 31, 2019 to $50.6 million at April 30, 2020 .

The increase in cash and cash equivalents during the nine months ended April 30, 2020 was driven by the following:

Net cash provided by operating activities was $ 39.0 million and $53.8 million for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , respectively.

The period-over-period decrease in cash flow from operating activities reflects lower net sales and overall changes in net working capital requirements, principally the timing of shipments, billings and payments.

Net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 was $ 16.4 million as compared to $ 42.3 million for the nine months ended April 30, 2019 .

During the nine months ended April 30, 2020 , we paid $11.2 million and $0.8 million, respectively, in connection with our acquisitions of CGC Technology Limited and NG-911, Inc., net of cash acquired.

During the nine months ended April 30, 2019, we paid $25.9 million and $10.0 million, respectively, in connection with our acquisitions of Solacom and the GD NG-911 business, net of cash acquired.

The remaining portion of net cash used in both periods primarily represented expenditures relating to ongoing equipment upgrades and enhancements.

Net cash used in financing activities was $ 17.6 million and $9.9 million , respectively, for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 .

During the nine months ended April 30, 2019 , we entered into a Credit Facility and repaid in full the outstanding borrowings under our Prior Credit Facility.

During the nine months ended April 30, 2020 , we made net payments under our Credit Facility of $5.6 million .

During the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , we paid $7.6 million and $7.4 million , respectively, in cash dividends to our stockholders.

We also made $5.3 million and $5.0 million of payments to remit employees' statutory tax withholding requirements related to the net settlement of stock-based awards during the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 , respectively.

The Credit Facility is discussed below and in " Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - Note (11) - Credit Facility."

Our investment policy relating to our cash and cash equivalents is intended to minimize principal loss while at the same time maximize the income we receive without significantly increasing risk.

To minimize risk, we generally invest our cash and cash equivalents in money market mutual funds (both government and commercial), certificates of deposit, bank deposits, and U.S.

Treasury securities.

Many of our money market mutual funds invest in direct obligations of the U.S.

government, bank securities guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, certificates of deposit and commercial paper and other securities issued by other companies.

While we cannot predict future market conditions or market liquidity, we believe our investment policies are appropriate in the current environment.

Ultimately, the availability of our cash and cash equivalents is dependent on a well-functioning liquid market.

As of April 30, 2020 , our material short-term cash requirements primarily consist of:

(i) interest payments under our Credit Facility;

(ii) payments related to lease commitments;

(iii) our ongoing working capital needs, including income tax payments;

and (iv) payment of accrued quarterly dividends.

As discussed further in "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - Note (2) - Acquisitions," and the section above titled Business Outlook for Fiscal 2020, in January 2020, we entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the "Merger Agreement") to acquire Gilat Satellite Networks Ltd ("Gilat").

Under the terms of the Merger Agreement, each Gilat ordinary share will be converted into the right to receive consideration of (i) $7.18 in cash, without interest, plus (ii) 0.08425 of a share of Comtech common stock, with cash payable in lieu of fractional shares.

We expect to fund the Gilat acquisition by redeploying a portion of both our and Gilat's combined unrestricted cash and cash equivalents with the remaining funds provided by a new $800.0 million Gilat Acquisition Related Credit Facility (See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 11 - "Credit Facility" ), the exact terms of which are expected to be finalized on or prior to the closing of the merger.

After closing and including estimated transaction fees of $31.7 million , we expect to have approximately $50.0 million of cash on hand.

In December 2018, we filed a $400.0 million shelf registration statement with the SEC for the sale of various types of securities, including debt.

The shelf registration statement was declared effective by the SEC as of December 14, 2018.

As of April 30, 2020 and June 3, 2020 , we were authorized to repurchase up to an additional $8.7 million of our common stock, pursuant to our current $100.0 million stock repurchase program.

Our stock repurchase program has no time restrictions and repurchases may be made in open-market or privately negotiated transactions and may be made pursuant to SEC Rule 10b5-1 trading plans.

There were no repurchases of our common stock during the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 .

On September 24, 2019 , December 4, 2019 , and March 4, 2020 , our Board of Directors declared a dividend of $0.10 per common share, which was paid on November 15, 2019 , February 14, 2020 , and May 15, 2020 , respectively.

On June 3, 2020 , our Board of Directors declared a dividend of $0.10 per common share, payable on August 14, 2020 to stockholders of record at the close of business on July 15, 2020 .

Future dividends remain subject to compliance with financial covenants under our Credit Facility, as amended, as well as Board approval.

Our material long-term cash requirements primarily consist of mandatory interest payments pursuant to our Credit Facility and lease commitments and cash that we will redeploy in connection with our acquisitions of Gilat and UHP.

We have historically met both our short-term and long-term cash requirements with funds provided by a combination of cash and cash equivalent balances, cash generated from operating activities and cash generated from financing transactions.

Based on our anticipated level of future sales and operating income, we believe that our existing cash and cash equivalent balances, our cash generated from operating activities and amounts potentially available under our Credit Facility will be sufficient to meet both our currently anticipated short-term and long-term operating cash requirements.

Although it is difficult in the current economic and credit environment to predict the terms and conditions of financing that may be available in the future, should our short-term or long-term cash requirements increase beyond our current expectations, we believe that we would have sufficient access to credit from financial institutions and/or financing from public and private debt and equity markets.

Credit Facility

The Credit Facility provides a senior secured loan facility of up to $550.0 million consisting of:

(i) a revolving loan facility ("Revolving Loan Facility") with a borrowing limit of $300.0 million ;

(ii) an accordion feature allowing us to borrow up to an additional $250.0 million ;

(iii) a $35.0 million letter of credit sublimit;

and (iv) a swingline loan credit sublimit of $25.0 million .

The Credit Facility matures on October 31, 2023 (the "Revolving Maturity Date").

If we issue new unsecured debt in excess of $5.0 million with a maturity date that is less than 91 days from October 31, 2023 , the Revolving Maturity Date would automatically accelerate so that it would be 91 days earlier than the maturity date of the new unsecured debt.

As of April 30, 2020 , the amount outstanding under our Credit Facility was $159.4 million , which is reflected in the non-current portion of long-term debt on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

At April 30, 2020 , we had $2.7 million of standby letters of credit outstanding under our Credit Facility related to our guarantees of future performance on certain customer contracts and no outstanding commercial letters of credit.

During the nine months ended April 30, 2020 , we had outstanding balances under the Credit Facility ranging from $137.0 million to $174.0 million .

Borrowings under the Credit Facility shall be either:

(i) Alternate Base Rate borrowings, which bear interest from the applicable borrowing date at a rate per annum equal to (x) the greatest of (a) the Prime Rate (as defined) in effect on such day, (b) the Federal Funds Effective Rate (as defined) in effect on such day plus 1/2 of 1.00% per annum and (c) the Adjusted LIBO Rate (as defined) on such day (or, if such day is not a business day, the immediately preceding business day) plus 1.00% per annum, plus (y) the Applicable Rate (as defined), or (ii) Eurodollar borrowings, which bear interest from the applicable borrowing date at a rate per annum equal to (x) the Adjusted LIBO Rate for such interest period plus (y) the Applicable Rate.

Determination of the Applicable Rate is based on a pricing grid that is dependent upon our Secured Leverage Ratio (as defined) as of the end of each fiscal quarter for which consolidated financial statements have been most recently delivered.

The Credit Facility contains customary representations, warranties and affirmative covenants.

The Credit Facility also contains customary negative covenants, subject to negotiated exceptions, including but not limited to:

(i) liens, (ii) investments, (iii) indebtedness, (iv) significant corporate changes, including mergers and acquisitions, (v) dispositions, (vi) restricted payments, including stockholder dividends, and (vii) certain other restrictive agreements.

The Credit Facility also contains certain financial covenants and customary events of default (subject to grace periods, as appropriate), such as payment defaults, cross-defaults to other material indebtedness, bankruptcy and insolvency, the occurrence of a defined change in control and the failure to observe the negative covenants and other covenants related to the operation of our business.

In addition, under certain circumstances, we may be required to enter into amendments to the Credit Facility in connection with any further syndication of the Credit Facility.

The Credit Facility provides for, among other things:

(i) no scheduled payments of principal until maturity;

(ii) a maximum Secured Leverage Ratio of 3.75 x trailing twelve months ("TTM") Adjusted Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization ("Adjusted EBITDA") and a Maximum Total Leverage Ratio of 4.50 x TTM Adjusted EBITDA, each with no step downs;

and (iii) a Minimum Interest Expense Coverage Ratio of 3.25 x TTM Adjusted EBITDA.

As of April 30, 2020 , our Secured Leverage Ratio was 1.93 x TTM Adjusted EBITDA compared to the maximum allowable Secured Leverage Ratio of 3.75 x TTM Adjusted EBITDA.

Our Interest Expense Coverage Ratio as of April 30, 2020 was 13.37 x TTM Adjusted EBITDA compared to the Minimum Interest Expense Coverage Ratio of 3.25 x TTM Adjusted EBITDA.

The obligations under the Credit Facility are guaranteed by certain of our domestic subsidiaries (the "Guarantors").

As collateral security under the Credit Facility and the guarantees thereof, we and the Guarantors have granted to the administrative agent, for the benefit of the lenders, a lien on, and first priority security interest in, substantially all of our tangible and intangible assets.

On December 6, 2018, we entered into the first amendment to the Credit Facility.

Capitalized terms used but not defined herein have the meanings set forth for such terms in the Credit Facility and the Prior Credit Facility, which have been documented and filed with the SEC.

As discussed in the section above entitled " Liquidity and Capital Resources " in connection with our agreement to acquire Gilat, we entered into an $800 million debt commitment letter with a syndicate of banks, the terms of which will be finalized on or prior to the closing of the merger.

This facility is expected to replace our existing Credit Facility.

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

As of April 30, 2020 , we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as defined in Item 303(a)(4) of Regulation S-K.

In the normal course of business, other than as discussed below, we routinely enter into binding and non-binding purchase obligations primarily covering anticipated purchases of inventory and equipment.

We do not expect that these commitments, as of April 30, 2020 , will materially adversely affect our liquidity.

At April 30, 2020 , cash payments due under long-term obligations (including estimated interest expense on our Credit Facility), excluding purchase orders that we entered into in our normal course of business, are as follows:

Obligations Due by Fiscal Years or Maturity Date (in thousands)

Credit Facility - principal payments

Credit Facility - interest payments

Operating lease liabilities

Finance lease and other obligations

Contractual cash obligations

As discussed further in " Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - Note (11) - Credit Facility ," our Credit Facility provides a senior secured loan facility of up to $550.0 million consisting of:

(i) a revolving loan facility ("Revolving Loan Facility") with a borrowing limit of $300.0 million;

(ii) an accordion feature allowing us to borrow up to an additional $250.0 million;

(iii) a $35.0 million letter of credit sublimit;

and (iv) a swingline loan credit sublimit of $25.0 million.

The Credit Facility matures on October 31, 2023 (the "Revolving Maturity Date").

In addition, if we issue new unsecured debt in excess of $5.0 million with a maturity date that is less than 91 days from October 31, 2023, the Revolving Maturity Date would automatically accelerate so that it would be 91 days earlier than the maturity date of the new unsecured debt.

As discussed further in " Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - Note (18) - Stockholders’ Equity," on June 3, 2020 , our Board of Directors declared a dividend of $0.10 per common share, payable on August 14, 2020 to stockholders of record at the close of business on July 15, 2020 .

Future dividends remain subject to compliance with financial covenants under our Credit Facility, as amended, as well as Board approval.

At April 30, 2020, we have approximately $2.7 million of standby letters of credit outstanding under our Credit Facility related to our guarantees of future performance on certain customer contracts.

Such amounts are not included in the above table.

As discussed further in "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - Note (2) - Acquisitions," we have a signed agreement to acquire Gilat.

Based on such consideration, on January 29, 2020, the date we entered into the Merger Agreement, Gilat had an enterprise value of approximately $532.5 million.

After closing and including estimated transaction fees of $31.7 million , we expect to have approximately $50.0 million of cash on hand.

Also, as discussed further in "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - Note (2) - Acquisitions," we have amended our agreement to acquire UHP.

The amended agreement provides, among other things, the payment of $5.0 million of cash with the remaining purchase of $33.0 million to be paid in our common stock, cash, or a combination of both, at our option at the time of closing.

In the ordinary course of business, we include indemnification provisions in certain of our customer contracts.

Pursuant to these agreements, we have agreed to indemnify, hold harmless and reimburse the indemnified party for certain losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified party, including but not limited to losses related to third-party intellectual property claims.

It is not possible to determine the maximum potential amount under these agreements due to a history of nominal claims in the Comtech legacy business and the unique facts and circumstances involved in each particular agreement.

As discussed further in " Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - Note (19) - Legal Proceedings and Other Matters ," TCS is subject to a number of indemnification demands and we are incurring ongoing legal expenses in connection with these matters.

Our insurance policies may not cover the cost of defending indemnification claims or providing indemnification.

As a result, pending or future claims asserted against us by a party that we have agreed to indemnify could result in legal costs and damages that could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

We have change in control agreements, severance agreements and indemnification agreements with certain of our executive officers and certain key employees.

All of these agreements may require payments by us, in certain circumstances, including, but not limited to, a change in control of our Company or an involuntary termination of employment without cause.

Our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of April 30, 2020 includes total liabilities of $8.3 million for uncertain tax positions, including interest, any or all of which may result in a cash payment.

The future payments related to uncertain tax positions have not been presented in the table above due to the uncertainty of the amounts and timing of any potential cash settlement with the taxing authorities.

RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

generally accepted accounting principles, which is commonly referred to as "GAAP." The FASB ASC is subject to updates by the FASB, which are known as Accounting Standards Updates ("ASUs").

As further discussed in " Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - Note (3) - Adoption of Accounting Standards and Updates ," during the nine months ended April 30, 2020 , we adopted:

2016-02 - Leases (Topic 842).

See "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - Note (12) - Leases" for further information.

On August 1, 2019, we adopted this ASU.

Our adoption did not have any impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures, as we did not have any financial instruments with such "down round" features.

On August 1, 2019, we adopted this ASU.

Our adoption did not have any impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures, as we are not a party to any such hedging transactions.

2018-07, which expands the scope of ASC 718 to include certain share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from nonemployees.

On August 1, 2019, we adopted this ASU.

2018-16, which expands the list of eligible U.S.

benchmark interest rates permitted in the application of hedge accounting due to broad concerns about the long-term sustainability of the LIBO Rate.

This ASU adds the Overnight Index Swap ("OIS") rate, based on the Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR"), as an eligible U.S.

benchmark interest rate.

On August 1, 2019, we adopted this ASU.

Our adoption did not have any impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures, as we are not a party to any such hedging transactions.

In addition, the following FASB ASUs have been issued and incorporated into the FASB ASC and have not yet been adopted by us as of April 30, 2020 :

2016-13 issued in June 2016 and ASU No.

2018-19 issued in November 2018, which require the measurement of expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date to be based on historical experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts.

In April 2019, FASB ASU No.

2019-04 was issued to provide clarification guidance in the following areas:

(i) accrued interest;

(ii) recoveries;

(iii) projections of the interest rate environment;

(iv) consideration of prepayments;

and (v) other topics.

In May 2019, FASB ASU No.

2019-05 was issued to provide entities with an option to irrevocably elect the fair value option applied on an instrument by instrument basis for eligible instruments.

In November 2019, FASB ASU No.

2019-11 was issued to provide clarification guidance in the following areas:

(i) expected recoveries for purchased financial assets with credit deterioration;

(ii) transition relief for troubled debt restructurings;

(iii) disclosures related to accrued interest receivables;

(iv) financial assets secured by collateral maintenance provisions;

and (v) conforming amendment to subtopic 805-20.

In February 2020, FASB ASU No.

2020-02 was issued to address questions primarily regarding documentation and company policies.

In March 2020, FASB ASU No.

2020-03 was issued to provide clarification guidance in the following areas (i) the contractual term of a net investment in a lease should be the contractual term used to measure expected credit losses;

(ii) when an entity regains control of financial assets sold, an allowance for credit losses should be recorded.

These ASUs are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 (our fiscal year beginning on August 1, 2020), including interim periods within those fiscal years.

All entities may adopt the amendments in this ASU earlier as of the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years.

Except for a prospective transition approach required for debt securities for which an other-than-temporary impairment had been recognized before the effective date, an entity will apply the amendments in this ASU through a cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is effective (that is, on a modified-retrospective approach).

We are evaluating the impact of this ASU on our condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

2018-13, issued in August 2018, which modifies the disclosure requirements for fair value measurements in Topic 820.

This ASU is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019 (our fiscal year beginning on August 1, 2020).

Upon the effective date, certain provisions are to be applied prospectively, while others are to be applied retrospectively to all periods presented.

An entity is permitted to early adopt any removed or modified disclosures upon issuance of this ASU and delay adoption of the additional disclosures until their effective date.

We are evaluating the impact of this ASU on our condensed consolidated financial statement disclosures.

2018-15, issued in August 2018, which aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal use software license).

The accounting for the service element of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract is not affected by the amendments in this ASU.

This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 (our fiscal year beginning on August 1, 2020), and interim periods within those fiscal years.

Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in any interim period.

This ASU should be applied either retrospectively or prospectively to all implementation costs incurred after the date of adoption.

We are evaluating the impact of this ASU on our condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

2018-17, issued in October 2018, which requires entities to consider indirect interests held through related parties under common control on a proportional basis, rather than as the equivalent of a direct interest in its entirety when determining whether a decision-making fee is a variable interest.

This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 (our fiscal year beginning on August 1, 2020) and for interim periods therein, with early adoption permitted.

We are evaluating the impact of this ASU on our condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures;

however, we do not expect the adoption to have any effect given that we currently do not have any indirect interests held through related parties under common control.

2018-18, issued in November 2018, which clarifies when certain transactions between collaborative arrangement participants should be accounted for under ASC 606 and incorporates unit-of-account guidance consistent with ASC 606 to aid in this determination.

The ASU also precludes entities from presenting consideration from transactions with a collaborator that is not a customer together with revenue recognized from contracts with customers.

This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 (our fiscal year beginning on August 1, 2020) and for interim periods therein, with early adoption permitted.

We are evaluating the impact of this ASU on our condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures;

however, we do not expect the adoption to have any effect given that we are currently not engaged in such collaborative arrangement transactions.

2019-08, issued in November 2019, which requires that an entity measure and classify share-based payment awards granted to a customer by applying the guidance in Topic 718.

The amount recorded as a reduction of the transaction price is required to be measured on the basis of the grant-date fair value of the share-based payment award.

This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 (our fiscal year beginning on August 1, 2020) and interim periods therein.

We are evaluating the impact of this ASU on our condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures;

however, we do not expect the adoption to have any effect given that we have not historically issued such share-based awards to customers.

2019-12, issued in December 2019 is intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes.

ASU 2019-12 removes certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and also clarifies and amends existing guidance to improve consistent application.

This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020 (our fiscal year beginning on August 1, 2021) and interim periods therein, with early adoption permitted.

We are evaluating the impact of this ASU on our condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

2020-01, issued in January 2020, clarifies the interactions between Topics 321, 323 and 815.

This ASU clarifies that an entity should consider observable transactions that require it to either apply or discontinue the equity method of accounting for the purposes of applying the measurement alternative in accordance with Topic 321 immediately before applying or upon discontinuing the equity method.

In addition, the amendments clarify the accounting for certain forward contracts and purchased options accounted for under Topic 815.This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020 (our fiscal year beginning on August 1, 2021) and interim periods therein.

We are evaluating the impact of this ASU on our condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures;

however, we do not expect the adoption to have any effect given that we have not historically had equity method investments or purchased options and forward contracts to acquire investments.

Compared sentence by sentence after normalising whitespace, quotation marks, case and digits, so re-formatting and restated figures do not read as changed language. Wording changes appear as one removal and one addition. The current filing and the prior one are authoritative.

What changed 10-Q

Item 1. Financial Statements