Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
All market risk sensitive instruments were entered into for non-trading purposes.
Foreign Currency Risk
Foreign Currency Exposures and Hedging Instruments
In countries outside the United States, we transact business in U.S. Dollars and various other currencies, which subject us to exposure from movements in exchange rates. We may use foreign exchange forward contracts and option contracts to hedge a portion of our forecasted foreign currency denominated revenue and expenses. Additionally, we hedge our net recognized foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities with foreign exchange forward contracts to reduce the risk that our earnings and cash flows will be adversely affected by changes in exchange rates.
Our significant foreign currency revenue exposures for fiscal 2025, 2024 and 2023 were as follows:
(in millions) 2025 2024 2023
Euro € 3,430 € 3,149 € 2,842
Japanese Yen ¥ 163,826 ¥ 144,800 ¥ 129,127
British Pounds £ 942 £ 887 £ 818
Australian Dollars $ 1,136 $ 1,064 $ 973
Canadian Dollars
$ 743 $ 669 $ 599
As of November 28, 2025, the gross notional amounts of all outstanding foreign exchange contracts totaled $6.54 billion, which included the notional equivalent of $3.27 billion in Euros, $884 million in Japanese Yen, $741 million in British Pounds, $668 million in Indian Rupees, $543 million in Australian Dollars, $391 million in Canadian dollars and $39 million in other foreign currencies. As of November 28, 2025, all contracts were set to expire at various dates through September 2027. The bank counterparties in these contracts could expose us to credit-related losses that would be largely mitigated with master netting arrangements with the same counterparty by permitting net settlement transactions. In addition, we enter into collateral security agreements that provide for collateral to be received or posted when the net fair value of these contracts fluctuates from contractually established thresholds.
A sensitivity analysis was performed on all of our foreign exchange derivatives as of November 28, 2025. This sensitivity analysis measures the hypothetical market value resulting from a 10% shift in the value of exchange rates relative to the U.S. Dollar. A 10% increase in the value of the U.S. Dollar and a corresponding decrease in the value of the hedged foreign currency asset would lead to an increase in the fair value of our financial hedging instruments by $456 million. A 10% decrease in the value of the U.S. Dollar would lead to a decrease in the fair value of these financial instruments by $456 million.
As a general rule, we do not use foreign exchange contracts to hedge local currency denominated operating expenses in countries where a natural hedge exists. For example, in many countries, revenue in the local currencies substantially offsets the local currency denominated operating expenses. We also have long-term investment exposures consisting of the capitalization and retained earnings in our non-U.S. Dollar functional currency foreign subsidiaries. As of November 28, 2025 and November 29, 2024, this long-term investment exposure totaled an absolute notional equivalent of $1.32 billion and $1.19 billion, respectively. At this time, we do not hedge these long-term investment exposures.
We do not use foreign exchange contracts for speculative trading purposes, nor do we hedge our foreign currency exposure in a manner that entirely offsets the effects of changes in foreign exchange rates. We regularly review our hedging program and assess the need to utilize financial instruments to hedge currency exposures on an ongoing basis.
Cash Flow Hedges of Forecasted Foreign Currency Revenue and Expenses
We may use foreign exchange purchased forward contracts or option contracts to hedge foreign currency revenue denominated in Euros, Japanese Yen, British Pounds, Australian Dollars and Canadian Dollars, or foreign currency expenses in Indian Rupees. We hedge these cash flow exposures to reduce the risk that our earnings and cash flows will be adversely affected by changes in exchange rates. These foreign exchange contracts, carried at fair value, have maturities of up to 24 months. We enter into these foreign exchange contracts to hedge forecasted revenue and expenses in the normal course of business and accordingly, they are not speculative in nature.
We record changes in fair value of these cash flow hedges of foreign currency denominated revenue and expenses in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in our Consolidated Balance Sheets, until the forecasted transaction occurs.
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When the forecasted transaction affects earnings, we reclassify the related gain or loss on the cash flow hedge to revenue or operating expenses, as applicable. In the event the underlying forecasted transaction does not occur, or it becomes probable that it will not occur, we reclassify the gain or loss on the related cash flow hedge from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to revenue or operating expenses, as applicable. For the fiscal year ended November 28, 2025, there were no net gains or losses recognized in revenue or operating expenses relating to hedges of forecasted transactions that did not occur.
Non-Designated Hedges of Foreign Currency Assets and Liabilities
Our derivatives not designated as hedging instruments consist of foreign currency forward contracts that we primarily use to hedge monetary assets and liabilities denominated in non-functional currencies to reduce the risk that our earnings and cash flows will be adversely affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates. These foreign exchange contracts are carried at fair value with changes in fair value of these contracts recorded to other income (expense), net in our Consolidated Statements of Income. These contracts reduce the impact of currency exchange rate movements on our assets and liabilities. At November 28, 2025, the outstanding balance sheet hedging derivatives had maturities of 180 days or less.
See Not e 5 o f our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for information regarding our derivative financial instruments.
Interest Rate Risk
Short-Term Investments and Fixed Income Securities
At November 28, 2025, we had debt securities classified as short-term investments of $1.16 billion. Changes in interest rates could adversely affect the market value of these investments. A sensitivity analysis was performed on our short-term investment portfolio as of November 28, 2025, based on an estimate of the hypothetical changes in market value of the portfolio that would result from an immediate parallel shift in the yield curve. A 150 basis point increase in interest rates would lead to a $4 million decrease in the market value of our short-term investments. Conversely, a 150 basis point decrease in interest rates would lead to a $4 million increase in the market value of our short-term investments.
Senior Notes
As of November 28, 2025, we had $6.15 billion of senior notes outstanding. We have entered into interest rate swaps related to certain of our senior notes that effectively convert the fixed interest rates to floating interest rates based on the Secured Overnight Financing Rate Overnight Index Swap Rate plus a fixed number of basis points through their respective par call dates. Accordingly, our exposure to fluctuations in market interest rates is on the hedged fixed-rate debt of $2.70 billion. An immediate hypothetical 50 basis point increase or decrease in market interest rates would lead to a $71 million change in the fair value of our hedged fixed-rate debt. The remainder of our outstanding senior notes bear interest at fixed rates, and therefore do not subject us to financial statement risk associated with changes in interest rates.
As of November 28, 2025, the total carrying amount of our senior notes was $6.21 billion and the related fair value based on observable market prices in less active markets was $6.18 billion.
See Note 17 of our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for information regarding our senior notes.
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