−Removed: Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial
−Removed: Condition and Results of Operations.
+Added: Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
+Added: and Results of Operations.
Forward-Looking Statement Notice
−Removed: Certain statements made
−Removed: in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are “forward-looking statements” (within the meaning of the Private Securities
−Removed: Litigation Reform Act of 1995) regarding the plans and objectives of management for future operations.
−Removed: Such statements involve
−Removed: known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results, performance, or achievements of Enochian
−Removed: Biosciences Inc.
−Removed: (“Enochian,” and together with its subsidiaries, the “Company”, “we” or “us”)
−Removed: to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements.
−Removed: The forward-looking statements included herein are based on current expectations that involve numerous risks and uncertainties.
−Removed: Our actual future results and trends may differ materially depending on a variety of factors, including, but not limited to, the
−Removed: risks and uncertainties discussed in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed with
−Removed: the SEC on February 27, 2023.
−Removed: The Company’s plans and objectives are based, in part, on assumptions involving the continued
−Removed: expansion of the business.
−Removed: Assumptions relating to the foregoing involve judgments with respect to, among other things, future
−Removed: economic, competitive and market conditions and future business decisions, all of which are difficult or impossible to predict
−Removed: accurately and many of which are beyond the control of the Company.
−Removed: Although the Company believes its assumptions underlying the
−Removed: forward-looking statements are reasonable, any of the assumptions could prove inaccurate and, therefore, there can be no assurance
−Removed: the forward-looking statements included in this Quarterly Report will prove to be accurate.
−Removed: In light of the significant uncertainties
−Removed: inherent in the forward-looking statements included herein, the inclusion of such information should not be regarded as a representation
−Removed: by the Company or any other person that the objectives and plans of the Company will be achieved.
−Removed: are a biotechnology company committed to developing advanced cell and gene therapies to promote stronger immune system responses
−Removed: potentially for long-term or life-long cancer remission in some of the deadliest cancers, and potentially to treat or cure serious
−Removed: infectious diseases such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and potentially Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.
−Removed: product development strategy is anchored in the use of “non-self” or allogeneic cells that enhance the immune response
−Removed: that we seek to elicit.
−Removed: Over the past several years,
−Removed: Enochian BioSciences has evolved from a company with a single product candidate as a potential cure for HIV (ENOB-HV01), adding
−Removed: two additional pipeline candidates for HIV (ENOB-HV12 and ENOB-HV21), a pipeline for HBV (ENOB-HB01), and with a significant expansion
−Removed: into cancer immune therapies to address high unmet needs from difficult-to- treat solid tumors (ENOB-DC11.)
−Removed: The oncology platform is
−Removed: now at the forefront of our development activities, beginning with pancreatic cancer and potentially other solid tumors with poor
−Removed: treatment and short life expectancy.
−Removed: Many operational aspects of our platforms can be quickly adapted to multiple
−Removed: disease states from a single therapeutic approach, potentially streamlining and accelerating development, and regulatory process, as well
−Removed: as manufacturing operations.
−Removed: Moreover, because our product candidates do not require specialized delivery devices, our potentially groundbreaking
−Removed: interventions could have worldwide applicability.
−Removed: The Company responds quickly
−Removed: to new data and perceived development opportunities and risks assessments.
−Removed: Based on the maturation of our pipelines, the Company
−Removed: makes business decisions to prioritize the programs that could move more rapidly through development and commercial processes.
+Added: Certain statements made in this
+Added: Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are “forward-looking statements” (within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform
+Added: Act of 1995) regarding the plans and objectives of management for future operations.
+Added: Such statements involve known and unknown risks,
+Added: uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results, performance, or achievements of Renovaro Biosciences Inc.
+Added: and together with its subsidiaries, the “Company”, “we” or “us”) to be materially different from any
+Added: future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements.
+Added: The forward-looking statements included
+Added: herein are based on current expectations that involve numerous risks and uncertainties.
+Added: Our actual future results and trends may differ
+Added: materially depending on a variety of factors, including, but not limited to, the risks and uncertainties discussed in Part I, Item 1A,
+Added: “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed with the SEC on October 2, 2023.
+Added: The Company’s plans and objectives
+Added: are based, in part, on assumptions involving the continued expansion of the business.
+Added: Assumptions relating to the foregoing involve judgments
+Added: with respect to, among other things, future economic, competitive and market conditions and future business decisions, all of which are
+Added: difficult or impossible to predict accurately and many of which are beyond the control of the Company.
+Added: Although the Company believes its
+Added: assumptions underlying the forward-looking statements are reasonable, any of the assumptions could prove inaccurate and, therefore, there
+Added: can be no assurance the forward-looking statements included in this Quarterly Report will prove to be accurate.
+Added: In light of the significant
+Added: uncertainties inherent in the forward-looking statements included herein, the inclusion of such information should not be regarded as
+Added: a representation by the Company or any other person that the objectives and plans of the Company will be achieved.
+Added: a biotechnology company committed to developing advanced allogeneic cell and gene therapies to promote stronger immune system responses
+Added: potentially for long-term or life-long cancer remission in some of the deadliest cancers, and potentially to treat or cure serious infectious
+Added: diseases such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection.
+Added: Development strategy is anchored in the use of “non-self” or allogeneic cells that enhance the immune response that we seek
+Added: Over the past several years, Renovaro
+Added: BioSciences has evolved from a company with a single product candidate as a potential cure for HIV (RENB-HV01), adding two additional
+Added: pipeline candidates for HIV (RENB-HV12 and RENB-HV21), a pipeline for Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) (RENB-HB01), and with a significant expansion
+Added: into cancer immune therapies to address high unmet needs from difficult-to-treat solid tumors (RENB-DC11.)
+Added: The oncology platform is now at
+Added: the forefront of our development activities, beginning with pancreatic cancer and other solid tumors with poor life expectancy, for example
+Added: triple negative breast, second-line liver, head, neck, and oral among other possible targets.
+Added: Many operational aspects of our
+Added: platforms can be quickly adapted to multiple disease states from a single therapeutic approach, potentially streamlining and accelerating
+Added: development, and regulatory process, as well as manufacturing operations.
+Added: Moreover, because our product candidates do not require specialized
+Added: delivery devices and surgical procedures, our potentially groundbreaking interventions could have worldwide applicability.
+Added: The Company responds quickly to
+Added: new data and perceived development opportunities and risk assessments.
+Added: Based on the maturation of our pipelines, the Company makes business
+Added: decisions to prioritize the programs that could move more rapidly through development and commercial processes.
Therapeutic Platforms
−Removed: The Company’s general
−Removed: approach with gene- and/or cell-therapy is to enhance the immune system to allow a person to better fight diseases.
−Removed: is leveraging general principles and advances in the knowledge of the immune response to genetically or otherwise engineered cells
−Removed: with enhanced attributes to promote the recognition and elimination of diseased cells.
−Removed: Advanced Allogeneic Cell
−Removed: The strategic benefit of
−Removed: cell therapy platforms is to potentially allow for manufacture of large, “off-the-shelf” banks of therapeutic cells
−Removed: that could be accessed on demand by health care professionals to potentially decrease the time between diagnosis and treatment.
−Removed: In addition, because we
−Removed: focus on cells from donors the strategy could potentially enhance the ability of the therapeutic candidates to induce a more robust
−Removed: response once injected into patients.
−Removed: The human immune system is designed to recognize and distinguish “self” from
−Removed: “non-self” and destroy “otherness” such as bacteria, viruses, and damaged or diseased cells such as cancer
−Removed: Alloreactivity (reacting against another person’s cells) is the most powerful response the immune system generates.
−Removed: Several of our technologies take advantage of the alloreactivity to hyper stimulate a person’s immune response to better
−Removed: attack a chronic infection (e.g., HIV) or solid tumor.
−Removed: In certain treatments (e.g.,
−Removed: HIV and cancer), cells taken from healthy donors are sometimes genetically modified to introduce signaling molecules that are designed
−Removed: to enhance the ability of specific immune cells to recognize diseased cells, and to help recruit other cells that will destroy
−Removed: cancer or virus infected cells.
−Removed: The Company believes that
−Removed: the combination of off-the-shelf allogeneic cells, combined with genetic modifications designed to enhance immune signaling, could
−Removed: potentially generate therapeutic candidates that have unique attributes that will increase the likelihood of success.
−Removed: Cell Therapy enabling
−Removed: In addition to the platform
−Removed: described above, Enochian BioSciences has an innovative gene therapy approach to enhance the selection and engraftment (uptake)
−Removed: of cells carrying therapeutic attributes.
−Removed: Enhanced uptake or engraftment could play a critical role in some cases to increase the
−Removed: likelihood of therapeutic benefit.
−Removed: This technology was initially developed for autologous cell therapy from a person living with
−Removed: HIV, and genetically modifying those cells so they cannot be infected with most variants of HIV plus a gene modification to enhance
−Removed: We have sublicensed under a profit-sharing agreement our technology to potentially increase engraftment for potential use
−Removed: in CAR-T therapy as a potential cure for HIV.
+Added: The Company’s general approach
+Added: with gene- and/or cell-therapy is to train the immune system to allow a person to better fight diseases.
+Added: Our vision is for a world free
+Added: from toxic chemotherapy and healthy longevity for those with cancer and other diseases.
+Added: The Company is leveraging general principles and
+Added: advances in the knowledge of the immune response to engineer cells with enhanced attributes to promote the recognition and elimination
+Added: of diseased cells.
+Added: Advanced Allogeneic Cell Therapy
+Added: The strategic benefit of cell therapy
+Added: platforms is to potentially allow for manufacture of large, “off-the-shelf” banks of therapeutic cells that could be accessed
+Added: on demand by health care professionals to potentially decrease the time between diagnosis and treatment.
+Added: In addition, because we focus on
+Added: cells from donors, the strategy could potentially enhance the ability of the therapeutic candidates to induce a more robust response once
+Added: injected into patients.
+Added: The human immune system is designed to recognize and distinguish “self” from “non-self”
+Added: and destroy “otherness” such as bacteria, viruses, and damaged or diseased cells such as cancer cells.
+Added: Alloreactivity (reacting
+Added: against another person’s cells) is the most powerful response the immune system generates.
+Added: Several of our technologies take advantage
+Added: of the alloreactivity to hyper stimulate a person’s immune response to better attack a chronic infection (e.g., HIV) or solid tumor.
+Added: In certain treatments (e.g., HIV
+Added: and cancer), cells taken from healthy donors are sometimes genetically modified to introduce signaling molecules that are designed to
+Added: enhance the ability of specific immune cells to recognize diseased cells, and to help recruit other cells that will destroy cancer or
+Added: virus infected cells.
+Added: The Company believes that the combination
+Added: of off-the-shelf allogeneic cells, combined with genetic modifications designed to enhance immune signaling, could potentially generate
+Added: therapeutic candidates that have unique attributes that will increase the likelihood of success.
+Added: Cell Therapy enabling technology
+Added: In addition to the platform described
+Added: above, Renovaro BioSciences has an innovative gene therapy approach to enhance the selection and engraftment (uptake) of cells carrying
+Added: therapeutic attributes.
+Added: Enhanced uptake or engraftment could play a critical role in some cases to increase the likelihood of therapeutic
+Added: This technology was initially developed for autologous cell therapy from a person living with HIV, and genetically modifying
+Added: those cells so they cannot be infected with most variants of HIV, plus a gene modification to enhance uptake.
+Added: We have sublicensed under
+Added: a profit-sharing agreement our technology to potentially increase engraftment for potential use in CAR-T therapy as a potential cure for
HBV Gene Therapy
−Removed: Enochian BioSciences is
−Removed: exploring various approaches for gene therapy design elements to potentially eliminate virus-infected cells with an innovative
−Removed: use of the allogenic cell model molecular mechanism that co-opts the virus’ machinery to induce the death of infected cells
−Removed: rather than reproducing and causing more infection to exacerbate disease.
−Removed: modified Allogeneic Dendritic Cell Therapeutic Vaccine as Potential Product for Long-term Remission of Solid Tumors – Starting
−Removed: with Pancreatic Cancer
−Removed: Allogeneic Cell Therapy
−Removed: Platform –moderately Advanced Pre-Clinical
−Removed: on learning from peer-reviewed publications of Phase I/IIa trials, we have designed an innovative therapeutic vaccination platform
−Removed: that could potentially be used to induce life-long remission from some of the deadliest solid tumors.
−Removed: The survival rate in pancreatic
−Removed: cancer is currently only 5 to 10 percent at 5 years.
−Removed: preclinical in vitro and proof of concept in vivo studies have been encouraging.
−Removed: might also allow for non-specific immune enhancement that could have impact against a broad array of solid tumors.
−Removed: We initially plan
−Removed: to target pancreatic cancer.
−Removed: However, we intend to seek IND approval to include safety assessment in a wide range of solid tumors in
−Removed: phase 1/2a, and narrow down to a few promising candidates such as pancreatic, triple negative breast, oral cancers, mesothelioma etc.,
−Removed: based on early clinical signals.
−Removed: As with HIV, our approach would potentially allow for outpatient therapy without wiping out or significantly
−Removed: impairing the patient’s immune system, as many current approaches require.
−Removed: Enochian BioSciences has
−Removed: initiated a collaboration with Dr.
−Removed: Anahid Jewett from UCLA to study further the in vitro and in vivo effectiveness
−Removed: of the approach in pancreatic cancer.
−Removed: Jewett created an innovative pancreatic cancer mouse model that mimics the human immune
−Removed: system in combination with implanted human cancer cells.
−Removed: Early results show promising substantial tumor size reduction.
−Removed: With reproducible
−Removed: outcome in human pancreatic tumor animal studies, we are now fully committed to process development IND submission early/mid 2024.
−Removed: If successful, clinical trials in humans could be possible by the first half of 2024.
−Removed: ENOB-DC12--XX:
+Added: Renovaro BioSciences is exploring
+Added: various approaches for gene therapy design elements to potentially eliminate virus-infected cells with an innovative molecular mechanism
+Added: that co-opts the virus’ machinery to induce the death of infected cells rather than reproducing and causing more infection to exacerbate
+Added: Genetically modified
+Added: Allogeneic Dendritic Cell Therapeutic Vaccine as Potential Product for Long-term Remission of Solid Tumors – Starting with Pancreatic
+Added: Allogeneic Cell Therapy Platform
+Added: – Advanced Pre-Clinical
+Added: on learning from peer-reviewed publications of Phase I/IIa trials, we have designed an innovative therapeutic vaccination platform that
+Added: could potentially be used to induce life-long remission from some of the deadliest solid tumors.
+Added: The survival rate in pancreatic cancer
+Added: is currently only 5 to 10 percent at 5 years.
+Added: preclinical in vitro and proof of concept in vivo studies have been compelling.
+Added: The platform might also allow for non-specific
+Added: immune enhancement that could have impact against a broad array of solid tumors.
+Added: We initially plan to target pancreatic cancer.
+Added: potential targets for later development could include triple-negative breast cancer, liver or mesothelioma.
+Added: As with HIV, our approach
+Added: would potentially allow for outpatient therapy without wiping out or significantly impairing the patient’s immune system, as many
+Added: current approaches require.
+Added: Renovaro BioSciences has initiated
+Added: a collaboration with Dr.
+Added: Anahid Jewett from UCLA to study further the in vitro and in vivo effectiveness of the approach
+Added: in pancreatic cancer.
+Added: Jewett created an innovative pancreatic cancer mouse model that comprises the human immune system repertoire
+Added: in combination with implanted human cancer cells.
+Added: Multiple experiments in different humanized mouse models are consistently showing with
+Added: only one cycle of therapy – in humans five to ten are likely - what Dr.
+Added: Jewett calls “the Holy Grail of cancer research”:
+Added: 80-90% substantial tumor size reduction (volume and weight)
+Added: Remnant of tumor sack significantly infiltrated with effector immune cells indicating ongoing killing
+Added: Significant correlation with expected immune response important to fight cancer detected in blood, and
+Added: No metastases
+Added: The confirming reproducibility
+Added: and robustness of the therapeutic response in an aggressive form of human pancreatic cancer in several models is promising.
+Added: FDA input from pre-IND interactions which helped solidify our IND-enabling plan as well as our investigational plan.
+Added: We are now fully
+Added: committed to process development/improvements and IND-enabling activities.
+Added: We believe that we can complete IND-enabling activities in
+Added: the second half of 2024 which if successful, would enable the start of clinical trials in humans during the second half of 2024.
+Added: The investigational
+Added: plan discussed with the FDA includes phase 1 safety testing broadly in all solid tumor types, followed by a phase 2a focusing on a few
+Added: solid tumor types that are difficult to treat and have poor life expectancy, for example triple negative breast, second-line liver, head
+Added: and neck cancers.
+Added: Phase 2b would expand cohorts in cancers with the strongest response in phase 2a.
+Added: RENB-DC-12--XX:
modified Allogeneic Dendritic Cell Therapeutic Vaccine as Potential Product for Long-term Remission of Additional Indications
−Removed: The technology is a platform
−Removed: that could potentially be adapted to other solid tumors first line and/or salvage therapy, by itself or, potentially, in combination
−Removed: with other cancer treatments.
−Removed: Additional indications are being evaluated strategically to balance risk and opportunity to advance
−Removed: therapeutic development quickly in cancer indications with few treatment options.
+Added: The technology is a platform that
+Added: could potentially be adapted to other solid tumors first line and/or salvage therapy, by itself or, potentially, in combination with other
+Added: cancer treatments.
+Added: Additional cancer vaccine designs are being evaluated strategically to balance risk and opportunity to advance therapeutic
+Added: development quickly in cancer indications with few treatment options.
Infectious Diseases:
1 unchanged sentence
Long-term Remission/Cure
−Removed: Allogeneic Cell Therapy
−Removed: Platform - Advanced Pre-Clinical Stage;
+Added: Allogeneic Cell Therapy Platform
+Added: - Advanced Pre-Clinical Stage;
Non-Human Primate Studies Ongoing.
−Removed: In persons living with HIV
−Removed: who are controlling the spread of virus with anti-retroviral (ARV) treatment, boosting the immune system in a different way than
−Removed: the virus already has through infection, could allow for control of HIV after stopping ARVs.
−Removed: BioSciences is developing ENOB-HV12 that utilizes a novel cellular and
−Removed: immunotherapy approach that could potentially provide therapeutic vaccines for HIV (ENOB-HV12).
−Removed: A non-human primate study of the therapeutic
−Removed: vaccine in primates at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center is ongoing.
−Removed: Animals began receiving the first injections of the potential
−Removed: therapeutic vaccine in August, 2022.
−Removed: Preliminary results could potentially be available by mid-2023.
−Removed: A Pre-IND request could be submitted
−Removed: by late 2023 to early 2024 with IND submission and the beginning of Phase I clinical trials by mid- to late 2024.
+Added: In persons living with HIV who
+Added: are controlling the spread of virus with anti-retroviral (ARV) treatment, boosting the immune system in a different way than the virus
+Added: already has through infection, could allow for control of HIV after stopping ARVs.
+Added: BioSciences is developing RENB-HV12 that utilizes a novel cellular and immunotherapy approach that could potentially provide therapeutic
+Added: vaccines for HIV.
+Added: A non-human primate study of the therapeutic vaccine in primates at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center is ongoing.
+Added: Animals began receiving the first injections of the potential therapeutic vaccine in August, 2022.
+Added: Preliminary results assessment may
+Added: potentially be available in the second half of 2023.
+Added: A Pre-IND request could be submitted in the second half of 2024, with IND submission
+Added: and the beginning of Phase I clinical trials by mid- to end-2025.
Autologous Transplant with Genetically
Modified Cells :
−Removed: FDA INTERACT Meeting Held February 2020 -
−Removed: Advanced Pre-Clinical Stage
−Removed: We have pioneered a novel
−Removed: enabling technology (ALDH gene modification) that we believe will allow sufficient engraftment of the CCR5 gene-modified Hematopoietic
−Removed: Stem Cell (HSC) to eliminate the need for Antiretroviral Treatment (ART.)
+Added: FDA INTERACT Meeting Held February 2020 - Advanced
+Added: Pre-Clinical Stage
+Added: We have pioneered a novel enabling
+Added: technology (ALDH gene modification) that we believe will allow sufficient engraftment of the CCR5 gene-modified Hematopoietic Stem Cell
+Added: (HSC) to eliminate the need for Antiretroviral Treatment (ART.)
Management conducted a successful
FDA INTERACT Meeting in alignment with the Company’s experimental plan.
−Removed: Although in vitro and in vivo studies
−Removed: have demonstrated promising results, further development of ENOB-HV01 at this time was deemed costly and a long-term undertaking.
−Removed: While the Company plans to return to full development of the approach when resources are available, it has become less attractive
−Removed: and been deprioritized for business reasons, while pipelines that could move more quickly have been prioritized (e.g., DC11).
−Removed: a business decision was made to sub-license the ALDH gene modification.
−Removed: ENOB-HV01 was sub-licensed
−Removed: to Caring Cross with a profit share arrangement.
−Removed: Caring Cross is developing a CAR-T approach that they believe, when combined with
−Removed: Enochian Biosciences ALDH gene modification, could enhance engraftment of their CAR-T cell therapy and enhance their likelihood
−Removed: Immunotherapy with Allogeneic NK/GDT
−Removed: Allogeneic Cell Therapy Platform -Pre-IND
−Removed: conducted - Advanced Pre-Clinical with Human Data through a Collaboration
−Removed: We are also exploring ENOB-HV21, an innovative treatment for HIV with allogeneic
−Removed: Natural Killer (NK) and Gamma Delta T-Cells (GDT).
−Removed: It is believed that the GDT cells, a small subset of immune cells that can be infected
−Removed: with HIV, could both be infected by, and be a key factor in controlling the virus.
−Removed: The initial scientific findings were presented during
−Removed: the American Society of Gene & Cell Therapy (ASCGT) Annual Meeting in 2021.
−Removed: Enochian BioSciences has an exclusive license to use the
−Removed: underlying patent to develop ENOB-HV21 for potential treatment or cure of HIV.
−Removed: A successful investigator-initiated Pre-IND was completed
−Removed: in October 2021.
−Removed: However, due to a shift in priorities to the Oncology pipeline, Enochian BioSciences does not plan to pursue the IND
−Removed: and potential clinical trial in the medium to long term.
+Added: Although in vitro and in vivo studies have
+Added: demonstrated promising results, further development of RENB-HV01 at this time was deemed costly and a long-term undertaking.
+Added: Company plans to return to full development of the approach when resources are available, it has become less attractive and been deprioritized
+Added: for business reasons, while pipelines that could move more quickly have been prioritized (e.g., RENB-DC11).
+Added: Therefore, a business decision
+Added: was made to sub-license the ALDH gene modification.
+Added: RENB-HV01 was sub-licensed to Caring
+Added: Cross with a profit share arrangement.
+Added: Caring Cross is developing a CAR-T approach that they believe, when combined with Renovaro Biosciences
+Added: ALDH gene modification, could enhance engraftment of their CAR-T cell therapy and enhance their likelihood of success.
+Added: Immunotherapy with Allogeneic NK/GDT Cells
+Added: Allogeneic Cell Therapy Platform - Pre-IND conducted
+Added: - Advanced Pre-Clinical with Human Data through a Collaboration
+Added: We are also exploring RENB-HV21,
+Added: an innovative treatment for HIV with allogeneic Natural Killer (NK) and Gamma Delta T-Cells (GDT).
+Added: It is believed that the GDT cells,
+Added: a small subset of immune cells that can be infected with HIV, could both be infected by, and be a key factor in controlling the virus.
+Added: The initial scientific findings were presented during the American Society of Gene & Cell Therapy (ASCGT) Annual Meeting in 2021.
+Added: Renovaro BioSciences has an exclusive license to use the underlying patent to develop RENB-HV21 for potential treatment or cure of HIV.
+Added: A successful investigator-initiated Pre-IND was completed in October 2021.
+Added: However, due to a shift in priorities to the Oncology pipeline,
+Added: Renovaro BioSciences does not plan to pursue the IND and potential clinical trial in the medium- to long-term.
+Added: Potential Cure for
HBV Gene Therapy - Pre-Clinical
−Removed: ENOB-HB01 is in an early
−Removed: pre-clinical phase as we explore various approaches for gene therapy design elements.
−Removed: If those explorations are successful, it
−Removed: is possible we could begin the regulatory process at the earliest in the first half of 2024.
−Removed: However, our highest priority is currently
−Removed: the oncology platform, beginning with pancreatic cancer.
+Added: RENB-HB01 is in an early pre-clinical
+Added: phase as we explore various approaches for gene therapy design elements.
+Added: If those explorations are successful, it is possible we could
+Added: begin the regulatory process at the earliest in the second half of 2024.
+Added: However, our highest priority is currently the oncology platform,
+Added: beginning with pancreatic cancer and other solid tumors with poor life expectancy.
Corporate History
−Removed: We were incorporated under
−Removed: the laws of the State of Delaware on January 18, 2011, under the name Putnam Hills Corp.
−Removed: and in 2014 we merged with and changed
−Removed: our name to DanDrit Biotech USA, Inc.
+Added: We were incorporated under the
+Added: laws of the State of Delaware on January 18, 2011, under the name Putnam Hills Corp.
+Added: and in 2014 we merged with and changed our name to
+Added: DanDrit Biotech USA, Inc.
In 2018, we acquired Enochian Biopharma and changed our name to Enochian BioSciences Inc.
+Added: In August 2023, the
+Added: Company changed its corporate name from Enochian Biosciences Inc.
+Added: to Renovaro Biosciences Inc.
Going Concern and Management’s Plans
−Removed: The financial statements
−Removed: included elsewhere herein for the period ended March 31, 2023, were prepared under the assumption that we would continue our operations
−Removed: as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities during the normal course of
−Removed: As of March 31, 2023, we had cash and cash equivalents of $2,948,042, an accumulated deficit of $220,831,001, and total
−Removed: liabilities of $12,602,576.
−Removed: We have incurred losses from continuing operations, have used cash in our continuing operations, and
−Removed: are dependent on additional financing to fund operations.
−Removed: These conditions raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue
−Removed: as a going concern for one year after the date the financial statements are issued.
−Removed: The financial statements included elsewhere
−Removed: herein do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets
−Removed: or the amounts and classification of liabilities that may result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
+Added: The financial statements included
+Added: elsewhere herein for the period ended September 30, 2023, were prepared under the assumption that we would continue our operations as
+Added: a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities during the normal course of business.
+Added: As of September 30, 2023, we had cash and cash equivalents of $523,474, an accumulated deficit of $253,204,281, and total liabilities
+Added: of $10,816,494.
+Added: We have incurred losses from continuing operations, have used cash in our continuing operations, and are dependent on
+Added: additional financing to fund operations.
+Added: These conditions raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern for
+Added: one year after the date the financial statements are issued.
+Added: The financial statements included elsewhere herein do not include any adjustments
+Added: to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classification of liabilities
+Added: that may result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Management has reduced overhead
−Removed: and administrative costs by streamlining the organization to focus around two of its therapies (oncology and a HIV therapeutic
+Added: and administrative costs by streamlining the organization to focus around two of its therapies (oncology and a HIV therapeutic vaccine).
The Company has tailored its workforce to focus on these therapies.
−Removed: In addition, management has extended its $1.2 million
−Removed: convertible notes 12 months out to be payable on February 28, 2024, and the Company was able to secure $2.7 million in additional
−Removed: funding through a Private Placement and intends to attempt to secure additional required funding through equity or debt financing.
+Added: In addition, the Company intends to attempt to secure additional required
+Added: funding through equity or debt financing.
However, there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to obtain any sources of funding.
−Removed: Such additional funding may
−Removed: not be available or may not be available on reasonable terms, and, in the case of equity financing transactions, could result in
−Removed: significant additional dilution to our stockholders.
−Removed: If we do not obtain required additional equity or debt funding, our cash resources
−Removed: will be depleted and we could be required to materially reduce or suspend operations, which would likely have a material adverse
−Removed: effect on our business, stock price and our relationships with third parties with whom we have business relationships, at least
+Added: Such additional funding may not be available or may not be available on reasonable terms, and, in the case of equity financing transactions,
+Added: could result in significant additional dilution to our stockholders.
+Added: If we do not obtain required additional equity or debt funding, our
+Added: cash resources will be depleted and we could be required to materially reduce or suspend operations, which would likely have a material
+Added: adverse effect on our business, stock price and our relationships with third parties with whom we have business relationships, at least
until additional funding is obtained.
1 unchanged sentence
protection or other alternatives that could result in our stockholders losing some or all of their investment in us.
−Removed: Funding that we may receive
−Removed: during fiscal 2023 is expected to be used to satisfy existing and future obligations and liabilities and working capital needs,
−Removed: to support commercialization of our products and conduct the clinical and regulatory work to develop our product candidates, and
−Removed: to begin building working capital reserves.
−Removed: Results of Operations for the three and nine months ended March 31,
−Removed: 2023, compared to the three and nine months ended March 31, 2022
+Added: Funding that we may receive during
+Added: the fiscal year 2024 is expected to be used to satisfy existing and future obligations and liabilities and working capital needs, to support
+Added: commercialization of our products and conduct the clinical and regulatory work to develop our product candidates, and to begin building
+Added: working capital reserves.
+Added: 28, 2023, the Company, entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “ Purchase Agreement ”) with GEDi Cube Intl Ltd.,
+Added: a private company formed under the laws of England and Wales (“ GEDi Cube ”).
+Added: Upon the terms and subject to the conditions
+Added: set forth in the Purchase Agreement, the Company will acquire 100% of the equity interests of GEDi Cube from its equity holders (the “ Sellers ”)
+Added: and GEDi Cube will become a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (the “ Transaction ”).
+Added: On September 28, 2023, the
+Added: board of directors of the Company, and the board of managers of GEDi Cube unanimously approved the Purchase Agreement (see Note 9.)
+Added: Results of Operations for the three months ended September 30, 2023
The following table sets forth
−Removed: our revenues, expenses, and net loss for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2023, and 2022.
−Removed: The financial information below is
−Removed: derived from our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
+Added: our revenues, expenses and net loss for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.
+Added: The financial information below is derived
+Added: from our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
For the Three Months Ended
−Removed: the Nine Months Ended
−Removed: Increase/(Decrease)
+Added: September 30,
Increase/(Decrease)
−Removed: and administrative
−Removed: and development
−Removed: and amortization
Operating Expenses
−Removed: FROM OPERATIONS
−Removed: Income (Expenses)
−Removed: in fair value of contingent consideration
−Removed: on extinguishment of contingent consideration
−Removed: and other income (expense)
+Added: General and administrative
+Added: Research and development
+Added: Depreciation and amortization
+Added: Total Operating Expenses
+Added: LOSS FROM OPERATIONS
Other Income (Expenses)
−Removed: Before Income Taxes
−Removed: Tax (Provision) Benefit
+Added: Loss on extinguishment of debt
+Added: Loss on extinguishment of contingent consideration liability
+Added: Interest expense
+Added: Interest and other income
+Added: Total Other Income (Expenses)
+Added: Loss Before Income Taxes
+Added: Income Tax (Expense) Benefit
+Added: $ (9,175,028 )
+Added: $ (7,699,760 )
+Added: $ (1,475,268 )
We are a pre-revenue, pre-clinical
4 unchanged sentences
Our operating expenses for the
−Removed: three months ended March 31, 2023, and 2022, were $4,063,436 and $4,034,556 respectively, representing an increase of $28,880, or approximately
−Removed: The increase in operating expenses primarily relates to an increase in general and administrative expenses of $1,005,601 partially
−Removed: offset by a decrease in research and development expenses of $973,243.
−Removed: Our operating expenses for the
−Removed: nine months ended March 31, 2023, and 2022, were $15,621,918 and $17,870,020, respectively, representing a decrease of $2,248,102 or approximately
−Removed: The decrease in operating expenses primarily relates to a decrease in research and development expenses of $3,434,567, partially
−Removed: offset by an increase in general and administrative expenses of $1,196,236.
−Removed: General and administrative expenses
−Removed: for the three months ended March 31, 2023, and 2022, were $3,796,057 and $2,790,456, respectively, representing an increase of $1,005,601
−Removed: or approximately 36%.
−Removed: The variance is primarily related to increases in accounting related expenses of $443,212, legal expenses of $378,421
−Removed: and stock-based compensation of $498,529, partially offset by decreases in recruiting fees of $140,708.
+Added: three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, were $8,884,114 and $7,190,616 respectively, representing
+Added: an increase of $1,693,498, or approximately 24% .
+Added: The increase in operating expenses primarily relates to the increase in general
+Added: and administrative expenses of $3,733,370 offset by the decrease in research and development expenses of $2,038,731.
General and administrative expenses
−Removed: for the nine months ended March 31, 2023, and 2022, were $12,365,960 and $11,169,724, respectively, representing an increase of $1,196,236
+Added: for the three months ended September 30, 2023, and 2022, were $8,290,210 and $4,556,840, respectively, representing an increase of $3,733,370
or approximately 82%.
−Removed: The variance primarily relates to increases in legal expenses of $2,611,749, accounting related expenses of $579,249,
−Removed: and compensation and related expenses of $981,671, partially offset by a decrease in stock-based compensation of $2,426,777, security
−Removed: costs of $405,000 and recruiting fees of $281,407.
−Removed: Research and development expenses
−Removed: for the three months ended March 31, 2023, and 2022, were $239,137 and $1,212,380, respectively, representing a decrease of $973,243 or
−Removed: approximately 80%.
−Removed: The variance is primarily driven by a decrease of $730,000 in collaboration expenses with CDMO and CRO partners, and
−Removed: $219,500 R&D consulting expenses incurred in the prior period for abandoned product candidates.
+Added: The variance is related to an increase in non-cash consulting fees of $4,470,000, accounting fees of $196,426 and
+Added: insurance expenses of $118,311, partially offset by a decrease in compensation and related expenses of $617,340 and legal expenses of
Research and development expenses
−Removed: for the nine months ended March 31, 2023, and 2022, were $3,170,471 and $6,605,038, respectively, representing a decrease of $3,434,567
+Added: for the three months ended September 30, 2023, and 2022, were $566,644 and $2,605,375, respectively, representing a decrease of $2,038,731
or approximately 78%.
−Removed: The variance is primarily driven by a decrease of $2,578,754 in expenses related to collaboration partner expenses
−Removed: for abandoned product candidates, $537,434 in R&D consulting expenses, and $228,185 in lab related expenses.
−Removed: The Company recorded other expense
−Removed: of $264,860 for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to other expense of $2,166,909 for the three months ended March 31, 2022,
−Removed: representing a decrease in other expense of $1,902,049 or 88%.
−Removed: The variance is primarily due to the change in fair value of the contingent
−Removed: consideration liability expense of $2,078,994 incurred in the prior period.
−Removed: The contingent consideration liability was settled in the
−Removed: period ending September 30, 2022.
+Added: The variance is primarily driven by a decrease of $2,246,465 in collaborating partner expenses with
+Added: CDMO and CROs related to discontinued product candidates.
The Company recorded other expense
−Removed: of $863,886 for the nine months ended March 31, 2023, compared to other expense of $5,326,321 for the nine months ended March 31, 2022,
+Added: of $290,914 for the three months ended September 30, 2023, compared to other expense of $509,144 for the three months ended September
30, 2022, representing a decrease in other expense of $218,230 or 43%.
−Removed: The variance is primarily due to the change in fair value of the contingent
−Removed: consideration liability expense of $5,070,891, in the prior period net of a loss of $419,182 related to the extinguishment of the contingent
−Removed: consideration liability during the period ending September 30, 2022.
+Added: The variance is primarily due to the loss on extinguishment of
+Added: contingent consideration liability of 419,182 in the prior period, partially offset by the loss on extinguishment of debt of $120,018
+Added: in the current period.
Net loss for the three months ended
−Removed: March 31, 2023, and 2022, was $4,328,296 and $6,201,465, respectively, representing a decrease in loss of $1,873,169 or approximately
−Removed: The decrease in net loss was primarily due to a decrease in expense related to the change in fair value of contingent consideration
−Removed: of $2,078,994.
−Removed: Net loss for the nine months ended
−Removed: March 31, 2023, and 2022, was $16,485,804 and $23,196,375, respectively, representing a decrease in loss of $6,710,571 or approximately
−Removed: The decrease in net loss was primarily due to a decrease in research and development expenses of $3,434,567, and a decrease in expense
−Removed: related to the change in fair value of contingent consideration of $5,070,891, partially offset by a loss of $419,182 related to the extinguishment
−Removed: of the contingent consideration liability and an increase in general and administrative expenses of $1,196,236.
+Added: September 30, 2023, and 2022, was $9,175,028 and $7,699,760, respectively, representing an increase in net loss of $1,475,268 or approximately
+Added: The increase in net loss was primarily due to an increase in general and administrative expenses of $3,733,370, partially offset
+Added: by a decrease in research and development expenses of $2,038,73.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
7 unchanged sentences
As noted above under the heading
−Removed: “Going Concern and Management’s Plans,” through March 31, 2023, we have incurred substantial losses.
−Removed: We will need additional
−Removed: funds for (a) research and development, (b) increases in personnel, and (c) the purchase of equipment, specifically to advance towards
−Removed: an Investigational New Drug Application (IND) following Pre-IND readouts from the FDA for ENOB-DC11, ENOB-HV-12, ENOB-HV-01, ENOB-HV-21
−Removed: and ENOB-HB-01.
+Added: “Going Concern and Management’s Plans,” through September 30, 2023, we have incurred substantial losses.
+Added: additional funds for (a) research and development, (b) increases in personnel, and (c) the purchase of equipment, specifically to advance
+Added: towards an Investigational New Drug Application (IND) following Pre-IND readouts from the FDA for RENB-DC11, RENB-HV12, RENB-HV01, RENB-HV21
+Added: and RENB-HB01.
The availability of any required additional funding cannot be assured.
5 unchanged sentences
and our financial condition and results of operations.
−Removed: As of March 31, 2023, the Company
+Added: As of September 30, 2023, the Company
had $523,474 in cash and working capital of $(8,189,378) as compared to $1,874,480 in cash and working capital of $(8,457,693) as of June
30, 2023, a decrease of 72% and 3%, respectively.
−Removed: Total assets at March 31, 2023,
+Added: Total assets at September 30, 2023,
were $57,562,806 compared to $58,300,796 as of June 30, 2023.
The decrease in total assets was primarily due to the decrease in cash of
−Removed: The change in cash is primarily attributed to $3,170,471 in research and development costs related primarily to CDMO and CRO
−Removed: costs, along with approximately $9,358,307 in general and administrative expenses, net of non-cash items, partially offset by an increase
−Removed: in accounts payable of $3,069,487 due to the timing of cash payments, funding totaling $1,625,000 related to warrants exercised and $2,483,000
−Removed: cash received from a private placement during the period.
−Removed: Total liabilities at March 31,
+Added: Total liabilities at September
30, 2023, were $10,816,494 compared to $11,798,685 as of June 30, 2023.
−Removed: The increase in total liabilities was primarily related to an increase
−Removed: of $3,069,487 in accounts payable due to the timing of cash payments, partially offset by the reduction in the contingent consideration
−Removed: liability of $2,343,318.
+Added: The decrease in total liabilities was primarily related to a decrease
+Added: of $1,714,960 in notes payable short term, net of discount partially offset by an increase of $752,741 in convertible notes payable short
+Added: term, net of discount.
The following is a summary of the
Company’s cash flows (used in) or provided by operating, investing, and financing activities:
−Removed: Cash Used in Operating Activities
+Added: September 30,
+Added: September 30,
+Added: Net Cash Used in Operating Activities
+Added: $ (2,777,207 )
+Added: $ (2,653,674 )
+Added: Net Cash Used in Investing Activities
+Added: Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities
+Added: Effect of exchange rates on cash
+Added: Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents
+Added: $ (1,351,006 )
+Added: $ (1,200,224 )
+Added: Cash used in operating activities for the three months ended September 30, 2023,
+Added: and 2022 was ($2,777,207) and ($2,653,674), respectively.
+Added: Cash used in operating activities during the current period primarily related
+Added: to $566,644 in research and development expenses for CDMO and CRO costs, along with approximately $2,805,371 in general and administrative
+Added: expenses, net of non-cash items, partially offset by an increase in accounts payable of $124,303 due to the timing of cash payments and
+Added: a $411,352 increase in prepaid expenses.
Cash used in investing activities
−Removed: Cash Provided by Financing Activities
−Removed: of exchange rates on cash
−Removed: in Cash and Cash Equivalents
−Removed: Cash used in operating activities
−Removed: for the nine months ended March 31, 2023, and 2022 was ($9,512,937) and ($12,681,849), respectively.
−Removed: Cash used in operating activities
−Removed: during the current period included $3,170,471 in research and development expenses for related CDMO and CRO costs, along with approximately
−Removed: $9,358,307 in general and administrative expenses, net of non-cash items, partially offset by an increase in accounts payable of $3,069,487
−Removed: due to the timing of cash payments.
−Removed: Cash provided by financing activities
−Removed: for the nine months ended March 31, 2023, was $3,267,008 as compared to cash provided by financing activities of $3,180,274 during the
−Removed: nine months ended March 31, 2022.
−Removed: During the nine months ended March 31, 2023, the Company received financing from the exercise of warrants
−Removed: held by shareholders of $1,625,000 and $2,483,000 from a private placement that was partially offset by repayments of a financing agreement
+Added: for the three months ended September 30, 2023, and 2022 was ($1,057,875) and zero, respectively.
+Added: Cash used in investing activities during
+Added: the current period related to the issuance of notes receivable totaling $1,050,000 in principal and $7,875 of interest accrued as of September
+Added: 30, 2023 (see Note 3.)
+Added: Cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended September 30,
+Added: 2023, was $2,562,817 as compared to cash provided by financing activities of $1,458,375 during the three months ended September 30, 2022.
+Added: During the three months ended September 30, 2023, the Company received net proceeds of $2,750,000 from private placements that were partially
+Added: offset by $187,183 in repayment of a finance agreement.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
15 unchanged sentences
Compared sentence by sentence after normalising whitespace, quotation marks, case and digits, so re-formatting and restated figures do not read as changed language. Wording changes appear as one removal and one addition. The current filing and the prior one are authoritative.