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Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

2025-11-21 compared with 2024-11-22 · 48 added, 53 removed, 210 unchanged (32% of the section changed)

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID 34 )

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID 248)

Consolidated Statements of Operations

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Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Digi International Inc.

and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of September 30, 2024, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, stockholders' equity, and cash flows, for the year ended September 30, 2024, and the related notes and the schedule listed in the Table of Contents at Item 15 (collectively referred to as the "financial statements").

In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of September 30, 2024, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year ended September 30, 2024, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Digi International Inc.

and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of September 30, 2025 and 2024, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, stockholders' equity, and cash flows, for each of the three years in the period ended September 30, 2025, and the related notes and the schedule listed in the Index at Item 15 (collectively referred to as the "financial statements”).

In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of September 30, 2025 and 2024, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended September 30, 2025, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of September 30, 2025, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated November 21, 2025, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

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Critical Audit Matter

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments.

The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Goodwill — Cellular Routers, Smart Sense, and Ventus Reporting Units — Refer to Notes 1 and 3 to the financial statements

The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments.

The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.

Goodwill — IoT Solutions — Refer to Notes 1 and 3 to the financial statements

Critical Audit Matter Description

The Company’s evaluation of goodwill for impairment involves the comparison of the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value.

The Company used a combination of the income approach and market approach to estimate fair value, which requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions, specifically related to discount rates and forecasts of future revenue growth rate, gross margins and earnings before income taxes, depreciation, and amortization (“EBITDA”) margins used in the income approach.

The determination of the fair value using the market approach requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions related to revenue multiples within the Cellular Routers reporting unit and EBITDA multiples within the Ventus reporting unit.

The Company used a combination of the income approach and market approach to estimate fair value, which requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions, specifically related to discount rate and forecasts of future revenue growth rates, gross margins and earnings before income taxes, depreciation, and amortization (“EBITDA”) margins used in the income approach.

Changes in these assumptions could have a significant impact on the fair value.

The goodwill balance was $341.9 million as of June 30, 2024, of which $32.7 million, $48.9 million, and $118.6 million was allocated to the Cellular Routers, Smart Sense, and Ventus reporting units, respectively.

We identified goodwill for the Cellular Routers, Smart Sense, and Ventus reporting units as a critical audit matter because of the significant judgments made by management to estimate the fair value of these reporting units.

This required a high degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of effort, including the need to involve our fair value specialists, when performing

audit procedures to evaluate the reasonableness of management’s estimates and assumptions related to selection of the discount rates and forecasts of future revenue growth rate, gross margins, EBITDA margins and revenue multiples within the Cellular Routers reporting unit and EBITDA multiples within Ventus reporting unit.

The goodwill balance was $343.1 million as of June 30, 2025, of which $167.6 million was allocated to the IoT Solutions reporting unit.

We identified goodwill for the IoT Solutions reporting unit as a critical audit matter because of the significant judgments made by management to estimate the fair value of this reporting unit.

This required a high degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of effort, including the need to involve our fair value specialists, when performing audit procedures to evaluate the reasonableness of management’s estimates and assumptions related to selection of the discount rate and forecasts of future revenue growth rates, gross margins, EBITDA margins within the IoT Solutions reporting unit.

How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit

Our audit procedures related to the discount rates and forecasts of revenue growth rate, future gross margins, EBITDA margins, revenue multiples within the Cellular Routers reporting unit and EBITDA multiples within the Ventus reporting unit used by management to estimate the fair value of the Cellular Routers, Smart Sense and Ventus reporting units included the following, among others:

• We tested the effectiveness of controls over management’s goodwill impairment evaluation, including those over the determination of the fair value of the Cellular Routers, Smart Sense, and Ventus reporting units, such as controls related to management’s selection of the discount rates and forecasts of revenue growth rate, gross margins, EBITDA margins, revenue multiples within the Cellular Routers reporting unit, and EBITDA multiples within the Ventus reporting unit.

• We evaluated management’s ability to accurately forecast revenue growth rate, gross margins and EBITDA margins by comparing actual results to management’s historical forecasts.

• We evaluated the reasonableness of management’s revenue growth rate, gross margin and EBITDA margin forecasts by comparing the forecasts to:

◦ Historical revenue growth rate, gross margins and EBITDA margins.

Our audit procedures related to the discount rate and forecasts of revenue growth rates, future gross margins, and EBITDA margins within the IoT Solutions reporting unit used by management to estimate the fair value of the reporting unit included the following, among others:

• We tested the effectiveness of controls over management’s goodwill impairment evaluation, including those over the determination of the fair value of the IoT Solutions reporting unit, such as controls related to management’s selection of the discount rate and forecasts of revenue growth rates, gross margins, and EBITDA margins within the IoT Solutions reporting unit.

• We evaluated management’s ability to accurately forecast the revenue growth rates, gross margins and EBITDA margins by comparing actual results to management’s historical forecasts.

• We evaluated the reasonableness of management’s revenue growth rates, gross margin and EBITDA margin forecasts by comparing the forecasts to:

◦ Historical revenue growth rates, gross margins and EBITDA margins.

◦ Forecasted information included in Company press releases as well as in industry reports for the Company and certain of its peer companies.

• With the assistance of our fair value specialists, we evaluated the reasonableness of the (1) valuation methodology and (2) discount rates by:

◦ Testing the source information underlying the determination of the discount rates and the mathematical accuracy of the calculations.

◦ Developing a range of independent estimates and comparing those to the discount rates selected by management.

• With the assistance of our fair value specialists, we evaluated the revenue multiples within the Cellular Routers reporting unit and EBITDA multiples within the Ventus reporting unit, including testing the underlying source information and mathematical accuracy of the calculations, and comparing the multiples selected by management to its guideline companies.

• With the assistance of our fair value specialists, we evaluated the reasonableness of the (1) valuation methodology and (2) discount rate by:

◦ Testing the source information underlying the determination of the discount rate and the mathematical accuracy of the calculations.

◦ Developing a range of independent estimates and comparing those to the discount rate selected by management.

Acquisitions – Jolt Software, Inc.

– Customer Relationship Intangible Asset – Refer to Note 1 and Note 2 to the financial statements

Critical Audit Matter Description

The Company completed the acquisition of Jolt Software, Inc.

(“Jolt”) for $148.5 million on August 18, 2025.

The Company accounted for the acquisition under the acquisition method of accounting for business combinations.

Accordingly, the purchase price was allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their respective fair values, including a customer relationship intangible asset of $99 million.

Management estimated the fair value of the customer relationship intangible asset using the multi-period excess earnings method, which is a specific discounted cash flow method.

The fair value determination of the intangible asset required management to make significant estimates and assumptions related to the selection of the discount rate and attrition rate, and the determination of future cash flows including revenue growth rates and EBITDA margins.

We identified the fair value determination of the customer relationship intangible asset of Jolt as a critical audit matter because of the significant estimates and assumptions management made to determine the fair value of this asset.

Specific assumptions that required a high degree of judgment included the selection of the discount rate and attrition rate, and the determination of future cash flows including revenue growth rates and EBITDA margins.

How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit

Our audit procedures related to the selection of the discount rate and attrition rate, and the determination of future cash flows including revenue growth rates and EBITDA margins included the following, among others:

• We tested the effectiveness of controls over the valuation of the customer relationship, including management’s controls over the selection of the discount rate and attrition rate, and the determination of future cash flows including revenue growth rates and EBITDA margins.

• With the assistance of our fair value specialists, we evaluated the reasonableness of the valuation methodologies, attrition rate and discount rate by:

◦ Testing the source information underlying the determination of the attrition rate and discount rate and testing the mathematical accuracy of the calculations.

◦ Obtaining an understanding of the methodology used in determining the fair value of customer relationship and determining whether the methodology is acceptable in accordance with applicable accounting and valuation standards.

◦ Developing a range of independent estimates and comparing those to the discount rate selected by management.

• We tested management’s determination of future cash flows including revenue growth rates and EBITDA margins by comparing the forecasts to:

◦ Historical revenue growth rates and EBITDA margins of Jolt.

◦ Forecasted information included in industry reports for the Company and certain of its peer companies.

• We evaluated whether the estimated future cash flows were consistent with evidence obtained in other areas of the audit.

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

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We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2022.

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Board of Directors and Stockholders

Digi International Inc.

Opinion on the financial statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Digi International Inc.

(a Delaware corporation) and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of September 30, 2022 (not presented herein), the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year then ended, and the related notes and consolidated financial statement schedule included under Item 15(a) (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”).

In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of September 30, 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management.

Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audit.

We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S.

federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB.

Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud.

Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks.

Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.

Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements.

We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP

We served as the Company’s auditor from 2016 to 2022.

Cincinnati, Ohio

November 23, 2022

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA (CONTINUED)

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General and administrative 58,894 58,250 61,779

Change in fair value of contingent consideration — — ( 6,200 )

Total operating expenses 214,387 201,817 202,108

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Income before income taxes 49,917 22,858 24,918

Income tax expense (benefit) 353 148 ( 755 )

Income tax expense 9,113 353 148

Net income $ 40,804 $ 22,505 $ 24,770

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Net income $ 40,804 $ 22,505 $ 24,770

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:

Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:

Foreign currency translation adjustment ( 50 ) 3,267 ( 957 )

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 3,267 ( 957 ) ( 3,308 )

Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax ( 50 ) 3,267 ( 957 )

Comprehensive income $ 40,754 $ 25,772 $ 23,813

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Inventories 38,911 53,357

Income taxes receivable 1,875 173

Prepaid expenses and other current assets 4,558 3,767

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Current liabilities:

Current portion of long-term debt $ — $ 15,523

Accounts payable 35,871 23,759

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Deferred income tax provision ( 6,662 ) ( 11,761 ) ( 12,739 )

Change in fair value of contingent consideration — — ( 6,200 )

Litigation accrual — 5,700 —

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Proceeds from sales of intangibles — 2,229 —

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 3 ( 4,345 ) ( 349,528 )

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities ( 148,332 ) 3 ( 4,345 )

Financing activities:

Proceeds from long-term debt 150,000 214,062 —

Payments of debt issuance costs — — ( 13,443 )

Payments on long-term debt ( 114,300 ) ( 304,725 ) ( 36,375 )

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Taxes paid for net share settlement of share-based payment awards ( 6,886 ) ( 3,569 ) ( 4,314 )

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities ( 89,048 ) ( 34,500 ) 192,782

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 34,624 ( 89,048 ) ( 34,500 )

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 141 1,770 ( 1,113 )

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Compared sentence by sentence after normalising whitespace, quotation marks, case and digits, so re-formatting and restated figures do not read as changed language. Wording changes appear as one removal and one addition. The current filing and the prior one are authoritative.

What changed 10-K

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk